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Mechanics of Materials - Civil Engineering Properties.pdf · Mechanics of Materials CIVL 3322 / MECH 3322 Mechanical Properties Mechanical Properties 2 Mechanical Properties Mech

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Page 1: Mechanics of Materials - Civil Engineering Properties.pdf · Mechanics of Materials CIVL 3322 / MECH 3322 Mechanical Properties Mechanical Properties 2 Mechanical Properties Mech

14 January 2011

1

Mechanics of Materials CIVL 3322 / MECH 3322

Mechanical Properties

Mechanical Properties

Mechanical Properties 2

Mech Movies

Page 2: Mechanics of Materials - Civil Engineering Properties.pdf · Mechanics of Materials CIVL 3322 / MECH 3322 Mechanical Properties Mechanical Properties 2 Mechanical Properties Mech

14 January 2011

2

Hooke’s Law

¢ Within the elastic region of the stress-strain diagram, stress is linearly proportional to strain

¢ That relationship was formalized by Robert Hooke in 1678

Mechanical Properties 3

Hooke’s Law

¢  In mathematical terms

Mechanical Properties 4

σ = Eεσ (sigma) is the axial/normal stress E is the elastic modulus or the Young’s modulus ε (epsilon) is the axial/normal strain

Page 3: Mechanics of Materials - Civil Engineering Properties.pdf · Mechanics of Materials CIVL 3322 / MECH 3322 Mechanical Properties Mechanical Properties 2 Mechanical Properties Mech

14 January 2011

3

Hooke’s Law

¢ For shear stress in the same region

Mechanical Properties 5

τ = Gγτ (tau) is the shear stress G is the shear modulus or the modulus of rigidity γ (gamma) is the shear strain

Poisson’s Ratio

¢ As a material deforms along an axis due to an applied stress on that axis, the material also deforms along any axis lateral to the axis

Mechanical Properties 6

Page 4: Mechanics of Materials - Civil Engineering Properties.pdf · Mechanics of Materials CIVL 3322 / MECH 3322 Mechanical Properties Mechanical Properties 2 Mechanical Properties Mech

14 January 2011

4

F03_015_1

Mechanical Properties 7

F03_015_2 Mechanical Properties 8

Page 5: Mechanics of Materials - Civil Engineering Properties.pdf · Mechanics of Materials CIVL 3322 / MECH 3322 Mechanical Properties Mechanical Properties 2 Mechanical Properties Mech

14 January 2011

5

Poisson’s Ratio

¢ The strain developed in the lateral and axial directions have a fixed ratio based on the material

¢ The ratio is known as Poisson’s Ratio

Mechanical Properties 9

Poisson’s Ratio

¢ The Ratio is

Mechanical Properties 10

ν = − ε latεaxial

Page 6: Mechanics of Materials - Civil Engineering Properties.pdf · Mechanics of Materials CIVL 3322 / MECH 3322 Mechanical Properties Mechanical Properties 2 Mechanical Properties Mech

14 January 2011

6

Poisson’s Ratio

¢ The Ratio is

Mechanical Properties 11

ν = − ε latεaxial

ν (nu) is Poisson’s Ratio Εlat is the strain in the lateral direction Εaxial is the strain in the axial/normal direction

Poisson’s Ratio

¢ Poisson’s Ratio is also used in an expression relating the elastic modulus E to the shear modulus G

Mechanical Properties 12

G = E2 1+ν( )

Page 7: Mechanics of Materials - Civil Engineering Properties.pdf · Mechanics of Materials CIVL 3322 / MECH 3322 Mechanical Properties Mechanical Properties 2 Mechanical Properties Mech

14 January 2011

7

Problem P3.4 ¢ A 0.75-in.thick rectangular bar is subjected to

a tensile load P by pins at A and B as shown. The width of the bar is w = 3.0 in. Strain gages bonded to the specimen measure the following strains in the longitudinal (x) and traverse (y) directions: εx = 840µε, εy = -250µε

Mechanical Properties 13

Problem P3.4 ¢ A 0.75-in.thick rectangular bar is subjected to

a tensile load P by pins at A and B as shown. The width of the bar is w = 3.0 in. Strain gages bonded to the specimen measure the following strains in the longitudinal (x) and traverse (y) directions: εx = 840µε, εy = -250µε

(a) Determine Poisson’s ratio for this specimen

Mechanical Properties 14

Page 8: Mechanics of Materials - Civil Engineering Properties.pdf · Mechanics of Materials CIVL 3322 / MECH 3322 Mechanical Properties Mechanical Properties 2 Mechanical Properties Mech

14 January 2011

8

Problem P3.4 ¢ A 0.75-in.thick rectangular bar is subjected to

a tensile load P by pins at A and B as shown. The width of the bar is w = 3.0 in. Strain gages bonded to the specimen measure the following strains in the longitudinal (x) and traverse (y) directions: εx = 840µε, εy = -250µε

(b) If the measured strains were produced by an axial load of P = 32 kips, what ist he modulus of elasticity for this specimen?

Mechanical Properties 15

Homework

¢ P 3.1 ¢ P 3.3 ¢ P 3.6

Mechanical Properties 16