Mechanical Properties - Ppt

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MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

STRESS & STRAIN DUCTILITY STRENGTH

TOUGHNESS HARDNESS MALLEABILITY

PLASTICITY ELASTICITY DUCTILE BRITTLE

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STRESS & STRAIN

STRESS : An External force ! a""le# to$o#% ten#! to can'e te #(en!on) te$o#% re!!t! te force tat nternal

re!!tance calle# STRESS* STRAIN : Can'e n #(en!on $% te

external force calle# STRAIN*

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STRENGTH

T! ! te (ax(+( con2entonal !tre!!tat can $e !+!tane# $% te (ateral*

It ! te +lt(ate !tren't n ten!on an#corre!"on#! to te (ax(+( loa# n aten!on te!t*

It ! (ea!+re# $% te 'e!t "ont on tecon2entonal !tre!!-!tran c+r2e* Inen'neern' ten!on te!t! t! !tren't

"ro2#e! te $a!c #e!'n nfor(aton onte (ateral!* Te ten!le !tren't of a (ateral ! te

(ax(+( a(o+nt of ten!le !tre!! tat tcan $e !+$3ecte# to $efore fal+re*

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STRENGTH

Tere are tree t%"cal #e4nton! of ten!le!tren't*

Yield strength Te !tre!! at ,c (ateral !tran can'e!

fro( ela!tc #efor(aton to "la!tc #efor(aton)ca+!n' t to #efor( "er(anentl% ! 5no,n a!yield strength*

Ulti!te strength Te (ax(+( !tre!! a (ateral can ,t!tan#

! 5no,n a! "lti!te strength*#re!$ing strength Te !tren't co-or#nate on te !tre!!-!tran

c+r2e at te "ont of r+"t+re ! 5no,n a!%re!$ing strength*

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TOUGHNESS

To+'ne!! ! te a$lt% to a$!or$ ener'%+" to fract+re /ener'% "er +nt 2ol+(e of(ateral1*

To+'ne!! of a (ateral o$tane# $%

I("act Te!t a! I("act Stren't* I("act !tren't ! te a$lt% of te

(ateral to a$!or$ ener'% #+rn' "la!tc

#efor(aton*

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HARDNESS

Har#ne!! ! a (ea!+re of a (ateral6!re!!tance to local7e# "la!tc#efor(aton*

Re!!tance to "er(anentl% n#entn' te!+rface*

Te (an +!ef+lne!! of ar#ne!! !) t a!a con!tant relaton!" to te ten!le!tren't of a '2en (ateral an# !o can$e +!e# a! a "ractcal non-#e!tr+ct2ete!t *

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HARDNESS TESTMETHODS

Te follo,n' are te ar#ne!! te!t(eto#!

Roc5,ell ar#ne!!

Brnell ar#ne!! 8c5er! Har#ne!! Mcro 8c5er! Har#ne!!

9noo" ar#ne!! Sore

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PROPERTIES

(!lle!%ility te "ro"ert% of a (ateral tatcan $e ,or5e# or a((ere# or !a"e# ,to+t$rea5n'

el!stiity te "ro"ert% of a (ateral tatret+rn! to t! or'nal !a"e after !tre!! /e*'*external force!1 tat (a#e t #efor( or #!tort !re(o2e#

'l!stiity- te #efor(aton of a (ateral+n#er'on' non-re2er!$le can'e! of !a"e nre!"on!e to a""le# force!

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DUCTILE

Exten!2e "la!tc #efor(aton aea# ofcrac5*

Crac5 ! ;!ta$le

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#RITTLE

No a""reca$le "la!tc #efor(aton*

Crac5 "ro"a'aton ! 2er% fact*

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E(UIPMENTS FOR

ANALY)E MECHANICALPROPERTIES

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UNI*ERSAL TENSILEMACHINE

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UTM +!e# to anal%7e $elo, (entone#"ro"erte!

TENSILE STRENGTHYIELD STRENGTH

COMPRESSI8E STRENGTH

DUCTILITY

BEND ANALYSIS PROO. STRESS

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CHARPY IMPACT MACHINE

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I("act Macne ! +!e# to #eter(neTo+'ne!! or I("act !tren't of te

(ateral*

TYPES

CHARPY IMPACT MACHINE

I=OD IMPACT MACHINE

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*IC+ERS HARDNESS

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R-$.ell H!rdness S!les

Scale Code Load Indenter Use

A HRA 60 kgf 120 diamond coneTungstencarbide

B HRB 100 kgf 1/16 in diameter steel sphere

Al, brass, and

soft steels

C HRC 150 kgf 120 diamond cone Harder steels

D HRD 100 kgf 120 diamond cone

E HRE 100 kgf 1/ in diameter steel sphere

. HR. 60 kgf 1/16 in diameter steel sphere

G HRG 150 kgf 1/16 in diameter steel sphere

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THAN+ YOU