MBA- Strategic Management Notes

8/14/2019 MBA- Strategic Management Notes

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Us~isldme Gikidlglks' C~ Igms ^ikdkloi~

Saxme U|n Saxme

Us~isldme Gikidlglks Eakelxsu UG X~aeluu UTAS Vmumak" Gmuumak

Lzsl~kib Lkvm~akglksib

Ikib}umu Dlkl~ib Lkvm~akglks XLUS Mkc|us~} Lkvm~akglks Xa~sl~u < Fa~elu Jat sa ikib}ul mkc|us~}

Mksl~kib Lkvm~akglksib

Ikib}umu Eagxaklksu ^lua|~elu" Eixinmbmsmlu" Eagxlslkel Eagxlsmsmvl Icviksidl

Vib|l Ejimk Ikib}umuN|umkluu Blvlb Us~isld} E|usagl~u" Uldglksu" Gi~olsu" Eaus Blicl~ujmx" Cmffl~lksmismak" Fae|u"

Eagxlsmsmvl ^mvib~} &

Eagxlsmsmvl C}kigmeu C}kigmeu" ^mvib~}" ^luxakul

Ea~xa~isl Blvlb Us~isld} Cmvl~umfmeismak" Mksld~ismak

Iey|mumsmak & lus~|es|~mkd

Us~isldmlu G&I" ^lus~|es|~mkd

Mksl~kismakib Us~isld} Kismakib Icviksidl G|bsm'caglusme Dbanib S~ikukismakib Mksl~kismakib Lks~} Gaclu

Eaaxl~ismvl Us~isld} Us~isldme Ibbmikelu" @VN|umkluu Siesmeu Siolavl~ Clflkul Us~isldmlu


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Us~isldmeGikidlglksGNIKasluC~Igms^ikdkloi~

ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag 9 igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

Us~isldme Gikidlglks

An`lesmvlu'Jlbx |kcl~usikc eakelxsu" saabu" x~aeluulu & ixxbmeismaku af us~isldme

gikidlglks+ X~avmcl mkumdjsu mksa sjl n|umkluu lkvm~akglks" eagxlsmsmvl ikib}umu ikc

sjl x~iesmel af us~isldme gikidlglks sj~a|dj sjla~} ikc eiul us|cmlu+

Eakelxsu

Us~isld}' Cm~lesmkd iesmak sati~cu clum~lc a|seagl Ea~xa~isl us~isld}' n|umkluu!lu }a| uja|bc nl mk N|umkluu us~isld}' siesmeu sa nlis sjl eagxlsmsmak F|kesmakib us~isld}' axl~ismakib glsjacu sa

mgxblglks sjl siesmeu

Lksl~x~mul us~isld}' gisejmkd mksl~kib eixinmbmsmlutmsj lzsl~kib lkvm~akglks

Us~isldme Eagxlsmsmvlkluu' Fm~g u|eeluuf|bb} fa~g|bislu & mgxblglksu i vib|l'e~lismkd us~isld}

Us~isldme Gikidlglks X~aeluu' F|bb uls af eaggmsglksu" clemumaku & iesmaku~ly|m~lc fa~ i fm~g sa iejmlvl us~isldme eagxlsmsmvlkluu & li~k inavl'ivl~idl

~ls|~ku

^muo' Mkvlusa~u |kel~simks} af leakagme dimku! bauulu ~lu|bsmkd f~ag xi~sme|bi~mkvlusglks

Ivl~idl ^ls|~ku' ^ls|~ku ly|ib sa mkvlusa~ li~kmkdu lzxlesismaku f~ag asjl~mkvlusglksu tmsj umgmbi~ iga|ks af ~muo

Inavl'ivl~idl ^ls|~ku' ^ls|~ku mk lzeluu af tjis ik mkvlusa~ lzxlesu sa li~kf~ag asjl~ mkvlusglksu tmsj i umgmbi~ iga|ks af ~muo

Us~isldme fblzmnmbms}0 Eixinmbmsmlu sa ~luxakc sa clgikcu & axxa~s|kmsmlu mkc}kigme & |kel~simk eagxlsmsmvl lkvm~akglksu

UeiblUs~isldme gikidlglks' X~aeluu n} tjmej a~dikmpismaku ikib}pl & bli~k f~ag

usioljabcl~u mkumcl & a|sumcl sjl fm~g" lusinbmuj us~isldme cm~lesmak" e~lisl us~isldmlu sajlbx iejmlvl lusinbmujlc daibu & lzle|sl us~isldmlu sa uismuf} ol} a~dikmpismakib

usioljabcl~u

Us~isldme Gikidlglks X~aeluu

Us|c} sjl lzsl~kib ikc mksl~kib lkvm~akglksu Mclksmf} gi~olsxbiel axxa~s|kmsmlu ikc sj~lisu Clsl~gmkl jat sa |ul ea~l eagxlslkemlu \ul us~isldme mkslks sa blvl~idl ~lua|~elu" eixinmbmsmlu & ea~l eagxlslkemlu sa tmkeagxlsmsmvl nissblu

Mksld~isl fa~g|bismak ikc mgxblglksismak af us~isldmlu Ullo fllcnieo sa mgx~avl us~isldmlu


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ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag > igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

Iccmkd Vib|l is sjl Ea~xa~isl Blvlb' Ol} muu|l fa~ Sax Gikidlglks *X~af Jiz"

GMS-

9+ Lkvm~akglksib ueik is ea~xa~isl blvlb0 Iuuluu lzsl~kib fa~elu mgxiesmkd sjl fm~g>+ Gmuumak af sjl fm~g0 Ejaaul eagxlsmsmvl cagimku ikc sjl ti} sa eagxlsl5+ N|umkluu uldglksismak0 Ulbles xbikkmkd ikc a~dikmpismakib fae|u3+ Ja~mpaksib us~isld}0 X|~u|l u}kl~dmusme bmkoidlu ie~auu n|umkluu |kmsu


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Ikib}umkd gi~ols axxa~s|kmsmlu

Us~isldme dix ikib}umu

Mkslkumvl D~atsj Us~isldmlu

Ikuaffu X~ac|es'Gi~ols Lzxikumak D~mc' Eiul' Gi~|sm U|p|om

E|~~lks X~ac|esu Klt X~ac|esu

E|~~lksGi~olsu

Gi~ols Xlkls~ismakBi|kej :88" d~innlc gi~ols uji~lak us}bmkd" f|lb leakag}" iffa~cinmbms}

X~ac|es ClvlbaxglksKlt gaclbu Vik" Plk" Lusllg"Tidak ^" Niblka" Utmfs" UZ3

Klt

Gi~olsu

Gi~ols Clvlbaxglks

Bi|kej mk ebiuu MM'MV satku" liu}

baiku" jmdjl~ xi}nieo xl~macu

Cmvl~umfmeismak

S~imkmkd uejaabu" I|sa mku|~ikel"

S~|l Vib|l ei~u"

Mksld~ismvl d~atsj' Vl~smeib'Nieoti~c *^lbmikel' Xab}lusl~u-" fa~ti~c *Vmclaeak'Klzs-" Ja~mpaksib' G&I *JBB'Biogl-

Cmvl~umfmeismakd~atsj' ^lbmikel ^lsimb

E|~~lks Eagxlsmsmvl Bikcueixl

Xl~mba|u n|umkluu ta~bc" dbanib axl~ismaku" G&I ina|kc" j}xl~ eagxlsmsmak X~memkd x~luu|~lu" eakusiks slejkabad} ejikdl & mkkavismak" j|dl mkvlusglksu Lgl~dmkd gi~olsu" d~atmkd mgxa~sikel af ul~vmelu" ejikdmkd clgad~ixjmeu Dbanibmuismak" a|sua|~emkd" dlad~ixj} mu jmusa~}" ~ld|bisa~} sj~lisu


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Dbanib Leakag}

Dbanib Leakag}' Daacu" xlaxbl" uombbu & mcliu gavl f~llb} ie~auu na~cl~u Dbanibmpismak' .X~ac|emkdtjl~l ms mu gaus eaus lfflesmvl" ua|~emkd eixmsib f~ag

tjl~l ms$u ejlixlus ikc ulbbmkd ms tjl~l ms mu gaus x~afmsinbl. Ki~i}iki G|~sj}

Mke~liulc leakagme mksl~clxlkclkel igakd ea|ks~mlu' fbat af daacu & ul~vmelu"fmkikel & okatblcdl ie~auu ea|ks~} na~cl~u blicmkd sa mke~liulc axxa~s|kmsmlu

Slejkabad}' Slejkabad} ejikdl" xl~xls|ib ! cmu~|xsmvl mkkavismak" clumdk Mkfa~gismak' Eakvl~smkd mkfa~gismak sa okatblcdl" eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl

Mkc|us~}' us~akd mkfb|lkel ak sjl fm~gu xl~fa~gikel" x~axl~smlu mkeb|cl

leakagmlu af ueibl ni~~ml~u sa gi~ols lks~} cmvl~umfmeismak x~ac|es cmffl~lksmismak cld~ll af eakelks~ismak af fm~gu mk sjl mkc|us~}

UTAS Ikib}umu' \ulc sa iuuluu i klt n|umkluu vlks|~l a~ x~axaumsmak+

Y|ic~iksu eaksimk e~msl~mi *kas lzji|usmvl a~ lzeb|umvl- |ulc sa ikib}ul lmsjl~ UTAS

Us~lkdsju *Mksl~kib- Tliokluulu *Mksl~kib-

\UX$u" eixinmbmsmlu" eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl"

~lua|~elu" lzxl~mlkel" okatblcdl" cisi"

fmkikemibu" gi~olsmkd" ~liej" eagg|kmeismak"ul~vmel" mkkavismak" baeismak" dlad~ixj}"

x~mel" vib|l" y|ibms}" iee~lcmsismaku"

x~aeluulu" u}uslgu" MS" e|bs|~l" vib|lu"nljivma|~" gikidlglks" ~lx|sismak" bldie}

Cmuicviksidlu af x~axaumsmak" eixinmbmsmlu

dixu" bieo af x~lulkel & us~lkdsj" bieo af

~lx|sismak" x~lulkel ikc ~liej"fmkikemibu"

atk okatk v|bkl~inmbmsmlu" smglueiblu"

clicbmklu ikc x~luu|~lu" u|xxb} ejimk"ga~ibl" eaggmsglks" blicl~ujmx"

x~aeluulu & u}uslgu" gikidlglks"

iss~msmak

Axxa~s|kmsmlu *Lzsl~kib- Sj~lisu *Lzsl~kib-

Gi~ols ! n|umkluu ! x~ac|es clvlbaxglksu"mkc|us~} xaslksmib" eagxlsmsa~u$

v|bkl~inmbmsmlu" mkc|us~}" clgad~ixjmeu a~

bmflus}bl s~lkcu" slejkabad}" mkkavismak"

dbanib mkfb|lkelu" klt gi~olsu" mkc|us~}vl~smeibu ! ja~mpaksibu" kmejlu" dlad~ixjmlu"

u|~x~mul" klt eaks~iesu"mkfa~gismak ikc ~luli~ej" xi~skl~ujmxu"

cmus~mn|smak" vab|glu" x~ac|esmak"

leakagmlu" uliuak" mkfb|lkelu

XLUS" eagxlsmsmvl mkslksmaku" gi~olsclgikc"

eaks~iesu ikc xi~skl~u" u|usimkmkd

eixiemsmlu" fmkikelu & eixinmbmsmlu"

anusieblu" mku|~ga|ksinbl tliokluulu"mkc|us~} e}eblu"

uliuakibms}

Vmumak & Gmuumak' Sa lkl~dmpl lgxba}llu sa ta~o sati~cu ea~xa~isl daibu" vmumaku &

gmuumaku+ Uja|bc nl mksl~kibmulc n} lzle|smvlu & eakusiksb} eagg|kmeislc sa lgxba}llu+Gik} eagxikmlu |ul vmumak & gmuumak usislglksu akb} mk ikk|ib ~lxa~s a~ ~lelxsmak++


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ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag < igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

Vmumak' I uja~s" u|eemkes" ikc mkuxm~mkd usislglks af tjis ik a~dikmpismak mkslkcu sanleagl ikc iejmlvl" mk sjl f|s|~l" afslk usislc mk eagxlsmsmvl sl~gu

^lfl~u sa sjl eislda~} af n~aic" ibb'mks~|umvl ikc fa~ti~c'sjmkomkd mkslksmaku Mgidl af i n|umkluu daib nlfa~l sjl a~dikmpismak ulsu a|s sa ~liej sjlg Clue~mnlu f|s|~l iuxm~ismaku" tmsja|s uxlemf}mkd sjl gliku |ulc sa iejmlvl sjlg

Gmuumak' Ik a~dikmpismak$u vmumak s~ikubislc mksa i t~msslk fa~g

Eake~lsmulu i blicl~$u vmlt af sjl cm~lesmak ikc x|~xaul af sjl a~dikmpismak Vmsib lblglks fa~ ea~xa~isl blicl~u sa gasmvisl lgxba}llu & mkusmbb ulkul af

x~ma~ms}

Kat F|s|~l

X~ac|es Ueaxl

Gi~ols Ueaxl

Dlad~ixjmeib Ueaxl

\kmy|l Eagxlslkemlu

Ulssmkd Daibu

Gi`a~ a|seagl af us~isldme ~aic'gixxmkd ikc us~isldme xbikkmkd" niulc ak sjlvmumak ikc gmuumak usislglks

Bakd'~ikdl" uxlemfme ikc ~libmusme daibu uls sj~a|dj us~isldme xbikkmkd" s~ikubislcmksa iesmvmsmlu sjis tmbb lku|~l ~liejmkd sjl daib sj~a|dj axl~ismakib xbikkmkd+

Klt Leakag} *^MEL-' Ixxbl mXac*Tibol~ >l-

>889' Ixxbl bi|kejlc mXac Ixxbl cmc kas mkvlks GX5 " ka~ tiu mXac sjl 9us GX5 xbi}l~ Mcli fa~ mXac cmc kas a~mdmkisl is Ixxbl Eakelxs af xbi}l~ / akbmkl g|ume ua|~el' u|ddluslc n} ik mkclxlkclks eaku|bsiks Ixxbl jm~lc jmg" n|mbs clumdk slig i~a|kc jmg" eaa~cmkislc tmsj i u|msl af

vlkca~u

EX\' Xa~sibXbi}l~"JCC' Saujmni" Glga~} Ejmx' Uigu|kd" Iuulgnb}'Mkvlksle

Ixxbl akb} clumdku ikc gi~olsu mXac" gikidlu vib|l ejimk af xi~skl~u mXac ugibbl~" bmdjsl~" ga~l uakdu" ga~l lzxlkumvl" eaab clumdk" 9+: ji~c c~mvl"

ue~abb tjllb" catkbaic g|ume f~ag g|bsmxbl akbmkl ua|~elu

Lzxikclc ~ikdl is vi~ma|u x~mel xamksu" ubllol~ gaclbu" bmko sa Gie & TmkcatuAU" mgx~avlc ue~abb tjllb & nissl~} bmfl

Si~dlslc jmdj lkc gi~ols" lgxjiumplc vib|l kas x~mel" fae|ulc ak baao & fllb"bi~dl usa~idl eixiems}" eagxblglksi~} x~ac|esu >883' mXac eaks~mn|slc 36, af Ixxblu ~lvlk|lu


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Mkc|us~mib A~dikmuismak *M!A- gaclb af inavl ivl~idl ~ls|~ku *II^-

X~luu|~lu & eakus~imksu f~ag lzsl~kib lkvm~akglks clsl~gmkl us~isldmlu blicmkd sa II^

I~li Iesmvms} Iesmak

Lzsl~kib lkvm~akglks Us|c} Dlkl~ib " mkc|us~}" eagxlsmsa~

Iss~iesmvl mkc|us~} Baeisl Us~|es|~ib eji~iesl~musmeu u|ddlus II^Us~isld} fa~g|bismak Mclksmf} Us~isld} sa li~k II^

Iuulsu & uombbu Clvlbax ! iey|m~l Sa mgxblglks ejaulk us~isld}

Us~isld}

mgxblglksismak

\ul Lfflesmvl mgxblglksismak

U|xl~ma~ ~ls|~ku Li~k Li~k inavl ivl~idl ~ls|~ku

^lua|~el'Niulc Gaclb af Inavl'Ivl~idl ^ls|~ku *II^-

Iuu|glu sjis sjl a~dikmpismak mu i eabblesmak af |kmy|l ~lua|~elu & eixinmbmsmlu" tjmej

x~avmcl sjl niumu fa~ msu us~isld}" tjmej mu sjl x~mgi~} ua|~el af msu ~ls|~ku

I~li Iesmvms} Iesmak^lua|~elu Mclksmf} Mkx|su mk i fm~gu x~ac|esmak x~aeluu

Fm~gu eixinmbmsmlu Clsl~gmkl Mksld~islc uls af ~lua|~elu ~ly|m~lc sa xl~fa~g" mk

ik mksld~ismvl gikkl~

Eagxlsmsmvl

icviksidl

Xaslksmib

af

Inmbms} sa a|sxl~fa~g ~mvibu

Iss~iesmvl mkc|us~} Baeisl Sa lzxbams axxa~s|kmsmlu

Us~isld} Ulbles Sa li~k inavl ivl~idl ~ls|~k

U|xl~ma~ ~ls|~ku Li~k Li~k inavl ivl~idl ~ls|~ku

Us~isldme Mkslks' Eagxik}$u vmumak af tjis ms tiksu sa iejmlvl mk sjl bakd sl~g

G|us eakvl} i umdkmfmeiks us~lsej fa~ sjl eagxik}" i ulkul af cm~lesmak" cmueavl~}" ikcaxxa~s|kms} sjis eik nl eagg|kmeislc iu ta~sjtjmbl sa lgxba}llu

Uja|bc fae|u ua ak saga~~at$u axxa~s|kmsmlu sjik ak saci}$u x~anblguUs~isldme Gmuumak' Usislglks af fm~gu |kmy|l x|~xaul

Clue~mnlu ueaxl af axl~ismaku mk x~ac|es & gi~ols sl~guLzsl~kibb} fae|ulc" mkuxm~mkd ikc ~lblviks sa ibb usioljabcl~uUsioljabcl~u' Mkcmvmc|ibu ikc d~a|xu iffleslc n} sjl fm~gu xl~fa~gikel ikc tja jivlebimgu ak msu xl~fa~gikel+ 5 Usioljabcl~ D~a|xu

Eixmsib Gi~ols Usioljabcl~u

Uji~ljabcl~u" nikou & blkcl~u lzxles fm~g sa lkjikel sjl tlibsj lks~|uslc ^ls|~ku uja|bc nl eagglku|~isl tmsj sjl cld~ll af ~muo sa sjl uji~ljabcl~X~ac|es Gi~ols Usioljabcl~u

E|usagl~u' Clgikc ~lbminbl x~ac|esu is bat x~melu U|xxbml~u' Ullo ba}ib e|usagl~u tmbbmkd sa xi} jmdjlus x~melu fa~ daacu ikc ul~vmelu


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Jaus eagg|kmsmlu' Tiks eagxikmlu tmbbmkd sa nl bakd'sl~g lgxba}l~u ikc x~avmcl~uaf siz ~lvlk|lu tjmbl gmkmgmpmkd clgikcu ak x|nbme u|xxa~s ul~vmelu

\kmak affmemibu' Tiks ule|~l `anu ikc clum~inbl ta~omkd eakcmsmakuA~dikmpismakib Usioljabcl~u

Lgxba}llu & gikidl~u' Lzxles i usmg|bismkd ikc ~lti~cmkd ta~o lkvm~akglks"uismufmlc n} i eagxik} sjis d~atu ikc iesmvlb} clvlbaxu sjlm~ uombbu

Us~isldme Blicl~u' Xlaxbl ~luxakumnbl fa~ clumdk ikc lzle|smak af us~isldme gikidlglks

x~aeluulu *Sax gikidlglks-+ Sjl} tmbb clemcl jat ~lua|~elu tmbb nl clvlbaxlc a~

iey|m~lc" is tjis x~mel ~lua|~elu tmbb nl ansimklc" ikc jat ~lua|~elu tmbb nl |ulc

A~dikmpismakib E|bs|~l' Sjl eagxblz uls af mclabadmlu" u}gnabu ikc ea~l vib|lu"

uji~lc sj~a|dja|s sjl fm~g" sjis mkfb|lkel jat sjl fm~g eakc|esu n|umkluu


11/45


ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag : igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

Lzsl~kib Lkvm~akglksib Ikib}umuLkvm~akglksib ueik fa~gibmplu sjl x~aeluu af |kcl~usikcmkd lzsl~kib fa~elu mgxiesmkdsjl fm~g+ Sjl~l i~l sj~ll cmffl~lks s}xlu af ikib}ulu sa u|xxa~s sjmu x~aeluu0 leakagme

avl~vmlt" x~mgi~} mkc|us~mib ulesa~u" ikc niume lzsl~kib fiesa~u+

Eagxaklksu af sjl Lzsl~kib Lkvm~akglksib Ikib}umuUeikkmkd Mclksmf} li~b} umdkibu af lkvm~akglksib ejikdlu & s~lkcu

Gakmsa~mkd Ikib}ul ikc anul~vl lkvm~akglksib ejikdlu & s~lkcu

Fa~leiusmkd Clvlbax x~a`lesmaku af iksmemxislc a|seaglu

Iuuluumkd Clsl~gmkl lkvm~akglksib s~lkcu fa~ fm~gu us~isldme gikidlglks

Sjl lzsl~kib n|umkluu lkvm~akglks gi} nl cmvmclc mksa > ulesa~u0 N~aic & siuo

N~aic Lkvm~akglks' eakslzs tmsjmk tjmej fm~g ikc msu siuo lkvm~akglks lzmus+ Eakumusuaf caglusme ikc dbanib fa~elu

xabmsmeib s~lkcu *l+d+ axlk gi~olsu- leakagme s~lkcu *l+d+ d~atmkd leakag}- uaema'e|bs|~ib s~lkcu *l+d+ clgad~ixjmeu- slejkabadmeib s~lkcu *l+d+ mksl~kls-

Siuo Lkvm~akglks' eakumusu af lzsl~kib usioljabcl~u' d~a|xu ! mkcmvmc|ibu a|sumcl sjla~dikmpismak n|s umdkmfmeiksb} mkfb|lkelc n} a~ jivl i gi`a~ mgxies ak sjl a~dikmpismak0

E|usagl~u U|xxbml~u Eagxlsmsa~uDlkl~ib lkvm~akglks *XLUS' CD-

Cmglkumaku mk sjl n~aicl~ uaemls} sjis mkfb|lkel mkc|us~} ikc sjl fm~gu tmsjmk ms


12/45


ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag = igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

XLUS ikib}umu

Y|ic~iksu eaksimk e~msl~mi *kas lzji|usmvl a~ lzeb|umvl- |ulc sa ikib}ul lmsjl~ XLUS

Xabmsmeib Leakagme

Leabadmeib!lkvm~akglksib muu|lu

Bldmubismaku ! ~ld|bisa~} ! xabme}

Davl~kglks sl~g ikc ejikdlF|kcmkd" d~iksu ikc mkmsmismvlu

Bannmlu ! x~luu|~l d~a|xu

Ti~u ikc eakfbmes

Caglusme ! Mksl~kismakib leakag}

Sizlu" blvmlu" FCM" mksl~lusu

Usaeo gi~olsu ikc lzejikdl ~isluUliuakibms}!tlisjl~ muu|lu

Gi~ols ikc s~icl e}eblu

Mkc|us~} Uxlemfme fiesa~u

Uaemae|bs|~ib Slejkabadmeib

Bmflus}bl s~lkcu

Clgad~ixjmeu

Xu}ejad~ixjmeuEaku|gl~ issms|clu ikc axmkmaku

Bit ejikdlu ifflesmkd uaemib fiesa~u

Eaku|gxsmak & n|}mkd xissl~ku

Lvlksu ikc mkfb|lkeluLsjkme ! lsjmeib ! ~lbmdma|u fiesa~u

Eagxlsmkd & lgl~dmkd slejkabadmlu

^&C

Slejkabad}!uab|smaku gis|~ms}Gik|fies|~mkd eausu ! eixiems}

Mkfa~gismak ikc eagg|kmeismak

Mkkavismak

Bmelkumkd" xislksu" MX^ muu|luCmu~|xsmvl mkkavismak

Jat sa ikib}ul Mkc|us~} ' *Gmejilb Xa~sl~" JN^'@ik" >88:-

Daac mkc|us~} ikib}umu baaou is ivl~idl x~afmsinmbms} avl~ i xl~mac 5'< }li~ xl~mac eik cmusmkd|muj slgxa~i~}! e}ebmeib ejikdlu f~ag us~|es|~ib ejikdlu Mkc|us~} ikib}umu uja|bc kas clebi~l ik mkc|us~} iss~iesmvl a~ |kiss~iesmvl n|s jlbx

|kcl~usikc sjl |kcl~xmkkmkdu af eagxlsmsmak ikc sjl ~aas ei|ulu af x~afmsinmbms}

Ikib}ul mkc|us~} us~|es|~l y|iksmsismvlb}" sjik y|ibmsismvlb} tmsj bmusu af fiesa~u Y|iksmf} sjl < fa~elu0 , idl af n|}l~$u sasib eaus ieea|kslc fa~ n} mkc|us~}$u x~ac|es

*sa |kcl~usikc n|}l~ x~mel ulkumsmvms}-? ,idl af mkc|us~} uiblu ~ly|m~lc sa fmbb i xbiks

a~ axl~isl badmusmeib klsta~o af lffmemlks ueibl *sa iuuluu ni~~ml~u sa lks~}-? n|}l~$uutmsejmkd eaus *sa clsl~gmkl mkc|elglks ik lks~iks a~ ~mvib g|us affl~ e|usagl~u-+

Clfmkl ~lblviks mkc|us~}0 X~ac|esu" lzeb|umvl! mkcm~les mkc|us~}" ueaxl" eagxlsmsmak Mclksmf} & uldglks xi~smemxiksu' n|}l~u" u|xxbml~u" eagxlsmsa~u" u|nusms|slu &

xaslksmib lks~iksu

Iuuluu c~mvl~u af liej eagxlsmsmvl fa~el' clsl~gmkl tjmej i~l us~akd & tlio' Tj} Clsl~gmkl avl~ibb mkc|us~} us~|es|~l & eakumuslke}' x~afmsinmbms} blvlbu & ~liuaku"

eaks~abbmkd fiesa~u? i~l ga~l x~afmsinbl xbi}l~u nlssl~ xaumsmaklc t~s sjl < fa~elu

Ikib}ul f|s|~l ejikdlu */!'- mk liej fa~el Iuxlesu af mkc|us~} us~|es|~l" mkfb|lkelc n} eagxik}" eagxlsmsa~u a~ klt lks~iksuEaggak Xmsfibbu

Clfmkmkd mkc|us~}' saa n~aicb} a~ saa ki~~atb}+ Xi}mkd ly|ib isslksmak sa ibb fa~elu sjik fae|umkd ak sjl gaus mgxa~siks aklu+ Eakf|umkd lffles *x~mel ulkumsmvms}- tmsj ei|ul *n|}l~ leakagmeu-+ \umkd usisme ikib}umu sjis mdka~lu mkc|us~} s~lkcu+ Eakf|umkd e}ebmeib a~ s~ikumlks ejikdlu tmsj s~|l us~|es|~ib ejikdlu+ \ul f~iglta~o fa~ us~isldme ejamelu sjik clebi~l mkc|us~} ' iss~iesmvl! |kiss~iesmvl


13/45



Mkc|us~} Lkvm~akglks Ikib}umu

< Fa~elu af eagxlsmsmak *Xa~sl~-

9- Sj~lis af Klt Lks~iksu0 Lks~}

Ni~~ml~u Leakagmlu af ueibl' Gi~dmkib

lffmemlke} mgx~avlglksu" fm~glzxl~mlkelu iu ms mke~lglksibb}

mke~liulu msu umpl+ Icviksidlu ikc

cmuicviksidlu af bi~dl'ueibl ikc ugibb'ueibl lks~}

X~ac|es cmffl~lksmismak' \kmy|lx~ac|esu" E|usagl~ ba}ibs}"eagxlsmsmvl x~melu

Eixmsib ~ly|m~lglksu' Xj}umeibfiembmsmlu" Mkvlksa~mlu" Gi~olsmkdiesmvmsmlu" Ivimbinmbms} af eixmsib

Utmsejmkd Eausu'Akl'smgl eausu e|usagl~u mke|~ tjlk n|}mkd f~ag cmffl~lksu|xxbml~+ Eausu af klt ly|mxglks a~ ~ls~imkmkd lgxba}llu

Ieeluu sa Cmus~mn|smak Ejikklbu' Usaeomkd a~ ujlbf uxiel" x~mel n~liou" eaaxl~ismvlicvl~smumkd ibbatikelu

Eaus Cmuicviksidlu' Mkclxlkclks af Ueibl' x~ax~mlsi~} x~ac|es slejkabad}"fiva~inbl ieeluu sa ~it gisl~mibu" clum~inbl baeismaku

Davl~kglks xabme}' Bmelkumkd ikc xl~gms ~ly|m~lglksu" cl~ld|bismak af mkc|us~mluLzxleslc ~lsibmismak' ^luxakulu n} lzmusmkd eagxlsmsa~u gi} clxlkc ak i fm~gu x~lulks

usiol mk sjl mkc|us~} *ivimbinbl n|umkluu axsmaku-

>- Ni~dimkmkd Xatl~ af U|xxbml~u

U|xxbml~ xatl~ mke~liulu tjlk0 U|xxbml~u i~l bi~dl ikc flt mk k|gnl~ U|msinbl u|nusms|sl x~ac|esu i~l kas ivimbinbl Mkcmvmc|ib n|}l~u i~l kas bi~dl e|usagl~u af u|xxbml~u ikc sjl~l i~l gik} af sjlg U|xxbml~u daacu i~l e~msmeib sa n|}l~u gi~olsxbiel u|eeluu U|xxbml~u x~ac|esu e~lisl jmdj utmsejmkd eausu+ U|xxbml~u xaul i sj~lis sa mksld~isl fa~ti~c mksa n|}l~u mkc|us~}

5- Ni~dimkmkd Xatl~ af N|}l~u

N|}l~ xatl~ mke~liul tjlk0 N|}l~u i~l bi~dl ikc flt mk k|gnl~ N|}l~u x|~ejiul i bi~dl xa~smak af ik mkc|us~}u sasib a|sx|s N|}l~u x|~ejiulu i~l i umdkmfmeiks xa~smak af i u|xxbml~u ikk|ib ~lvlk|lu N|}l~u eik utmsej sa ikasjl~ x~ac|es tmsja|s mke|~~mkd jmdj utmsejmkd eausu N|}l~u xaul sj~lis sa mksld~isl nieoti~c mksa sjl ulbbl~u mkc|us~}


14/45



3- Sj~lis af U|nusms|sl X~ac|esu

Sjl sj~lis af u|nusms|sl x~ac|esu mke~liulu tjlk0 N|}l~u fiel flt utmsejmkd eausu Sjl u|nusms|sl x~ac|esu x~mel mu batl~ U|nusms|sl x~ac|esu y|ibms} ikc xl~fa~gikel i~l ly|ib sa a~ d~lisl~ sjik sjl

lzmusmkd x~ac|es Cmffl~lksmislc mkc|us~} x~ac|esu" vib|lc n} e|usagl~u" ~lc|el sjmu sj~lis


15/45


ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag 9> igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag


16/45



Sjl < Fa~elu *C~mvl Mkc|us~} X~afmsu Catk-

Sjl Vib|l Kls *C~mvl Mkc|us~} X~afmsu \x-'N~ikclknl~dl~ & Kibln|ff

Eagxblglksi~} x~ac|esu' *Slbleag Satl~u mgx~avl ganmbl umdkib" JC Xbiugi SV- Eaaxl~ismak tmsj n|}l~u & u|xxbml~u Eaa~cmkismak igakd eagxlsmsa~uLffles af Mkc|us~} Fa~elu ak Vib|l" Eaus & X~mel *X:>Tibol~ >l-

Lffles ak

Mkc|us~} fa~el Vib|l Eaus X~mel

Us~akdl~~mvib~}

îmul vib|l sa eagxlsl Mke~liul eaus iuuaemislctmsj jmdjl~ vib|l

Batl~ x~mel saeagxlsl

Us~akdl~n|}l~u

îmul vib|l sa eagxlsl Batl~ x~mel saeagxlsl

Us~akdl~

u|xxbml~u

Batl~ vib|l îmul eausu

Batl~ lks~}eausu

Batl~ x~mel sa ollxklt lks~iksu a|s

Ga~l xatl~f|b

u|nusms|lu

îmul vib|l sa eagxlsl Batl~ x~mel sa

eagxlsl

Mkc|us~} eaaxl~ismak

Nlstllk fm~g

& n|}l~u

îmul vib|l sa n|}l~u

tmsja|s eagxi~inbl

~mul mk u|xxbml~ eausu

Batl~ fm~g eausu

tmsja|s eagxi~inbl

c~ax mk n|}l~ vib|l

Nlstllk fm~g

& u|xxbml~u

îmul vib|l sa fm~g

tmsja|s eagxi~inbl~mul mk u|xxbml~ eausu

Batl~ u|xxbml~ eausu

tmsja|s eagxi~inblc~ax mk fm~g vib|l

Nlstllk fm~g& eagxlsmsa~u

îmul vib|l sa mkc|us~}n|}l~u tmsja|s

eagxi~inbl ~mul mk

mkc|us~} eausu *uji~lcmkkavismak-

Batl~ eausu mk mkc|us~}tmsja|s eagxi~inbl

c~ax mk vib|l sa

mkc|us~} n|}l~u *uji~lcmkkavismak-

îmul xaslksmibx~mel kleluui~} sa

eagxlsl

*eaaxl~ismvlx~memkd-

Eagxblglksu

Lfflesmvl

eagxblglksu

îmul vib|l sa mkc|us~}

n|}l~u tmsja|s

eagxi~inbl ~mul mkmkc|us~} eausu


17/45


18/45


ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag 9< igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

Ea~l Eagxlslkemlu

Tjlk sjl 3 ol} e~msl~mi af ^&E i~l gls" sjl} nleagl ea~l eagxlslkemlu" ikc ul~vl iu i

ua|~el af eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl+ Gikidl~mib eagxlslkemlu i~l luxlemibb} mgxa~siks

^lua|~elu

Mkx|su mksa i fm~gu x~ac|esmak x~aeluu' Eixmsib ly|mxglks" lgxba}ll uombbu"xislksu" fmkikelu" siblks"n~ikcu" fmkikemib ~lua|~elu" ikc siblkslc gikidl~u

A~dikmpismak mu gicl |x af ~lua|~elu0 fmkikemib" xj}umeib" j|gik" dlkl~iba~dikmpismakib *us~|es|~l" u}uslgu" e|bs|~l" ~lx|sismak" usioljabcl~ ~lbismakujmxu

Ua|~el af i fm~gu eixinmbmsmlu & iuulsu" mkeb|cmkd xlaxbl & vib|l af msu n~ikckigl

N~aic mk ueaxl" eavl~ i uxles~|g af mkcmvmc|ib" uaemib & a~dikmpismakibxjlkaglki Sikdmnbl ' Ullk & y|iksmfmlc' fmkikemib" xj}umeib" x~ac|esmak ~lua|~elu Mksikdmnbl ' Cllx ~aasu mk fm~gu jmusa~}' s~|us" mkkavismak" okatblcdl" ~lx|sismak Lfflesmvl clvlbaxglks a~ iey|mumsmak af a~dikmpismakib ~lua|~elu gi} nl sjl gaus

mgxa~siks ~liuak sjis uagl a~dikmpismaku i~l ga~l u|eeluuf|b sjik asjl~u

Eixinmbmsmlu

Eixiems} af i uls af ~lua|~elu sa xl~fa~g" mk ik mksld~ismvl gikkl~+Eixinmbms} uja|bckas nl jmdjb} mgmsinbl n|s uja|bc nl gikidlinbl &

eaks~abbinbl

Fm~gu eixiems} sa clxba} ~lua|~elu" mksld~islc sa iejmlvl i clum~lc lkc usisl Lgl~dl avl~ smgl n} eagxblz mksl~iesmaku igakd sikdmnbl & mksikdmnbl ~lua|~elu N} clvlbaxmkd" ei~~}mkd" lzejikdmkd mkfa~gismak & okatblcdl sj~a|dj fm~gu

J^

Fa|kcismak mk |kmy|l uombbu" okatblcdl af fm~gu lgxba}llu & f|kesmakiblzxl~smul

Ol} E~msl~mi af ^lua|~elu ikc Eixinmbmsmlu

F|kesmak Eixinmbms} Fm~g

Cmus~mn|smak Lfflesmvl badmusmeu MSE" J\B

J^ S~imkmkd ! ^lsimkmkd L|~loi Fa~nlu ! IV Nm~bi

GMU Lfflesmvl & lffmemlks mkvlksa~} eaks~ab Nmd Nipii~Gi~olsmkd N~ikcmkd!X~agasmak!E|usagl~ ul~vmel Xi~iu! J|sej! Gi~|sm

^&C Mkkavismak!Slejkabad}!Uaxjmusmeismak Ixxbl ! Dmbblssl ! Naul

Gikidlglks Cmvl~ul mkc|us~mlu Sisi ! ^lbmikel! Vmclaeak

Gik|fies|~mkd Vab|glu ! Leakagmlu Ejmklul ! Kaomi


19/45



Vib|inbl' Tjlk sjl} ibbat fm~g sa siol icviksidl af axxa~s|kmsmlu a~ kl|s~ibmplsj~lisu mk lzsl~kib lkvm~akglks

^i~l' ^&E ~i~l mf xauuluulc n} flt" mf ik}" e|~~lks ikc xaslksmib eagxlsmsa~uEausb} sa Mgmsisl' Tjlk asjl~ fm~gu eikkas ansimk sjlg ! is i eaus cmuicviksidl mk

ansimkmkd sjlg

Kaku|nusms|sinbl' ^&E i~l kaku|nusms|sinbl tjlk sjl} jivl ka us~isldme ly|mviblksuEa~l Eagxlslkemlu

Tjlk sjl 3 ol} e~msl~mi af ^&E i~l gls" sjl} nleagl ea~l eagxlslkemlu" ikc ul~vl iu i

ua|~el af eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl+ Gikidl~mib eagxlslkemlu i~l luxlemibb} mgxa~siks

^lua|~elu & eixinmbmsmlu sjis ul~vl iu i ua|~el af i fm~gu eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl0 Iesmvmsmlu" i fm~g xl~fa~gu luxlemibb} tlbb eagxi~lc sa eagxlsmsa~u" ikc sj~a|dj

tjmej sjl fm~g iccu |kmy|l vib|l sa msu daacu a~ ul~vmelu avl~ i bakd xl~mac af smgl

Lgl~dl avl~ smgl sj~a|dj ik a~dikmpismakib x~aeluu af iee|g|bismkd ikc bli~kmkd jatsa clxba} cmffl~lks ~lua|~elu ikc eixinmbmsmlu

Eagxlsmsmvl Icviksidl

Fm~gu iejmlvl us~isldme eagxlsmsmvlkluu ikc li~k inavl'ivl~idl ~ls|~ku tjlk sjlm~ea~l eagxlslkemlu i~l lfflesmvlb}' iey|m~lc" n|kcblc a~ blvl~idlc

Avl~ smgl" eagxlsmsa~u gi} c|xbmeisl nlklfmsu af ik} vib|l'e~lismkd us~isld}E~lismkd eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl

Ea~l eagxlslkemlu / x~ac|es'gi~ols xaumsmaku' ua|~el af eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl Ea~l eagxlslkemlu / lkvm~akglksib ikib}umu *dlkl~ib" mkc|us~} & eagxlsmsa~- c~mvl

us~isld} ulblesmak

U|usimkinbl Eagxlsmsmvl Icviksidl' eagxlsmsa~u |kinbl sa c|xbmeisl fm~gu vib|l'

e~lismkd us~isld}+ Eaglu f~ag i ~lua|~el sjis mu vib|inbl mk sjl gi~ols" xauuluulc n} akb}

i ugibb k|gnl~ af fm~gu *~i~l-" ikc eausb} a~ cmffme|bs sa mgmsisl mk sjl uja~s sl~g+

Fa|~ E~msl~mi af U|usimkinbl Eagxlsmsmvl Icviksidl

Eixinmbmsmlu Icviksidl

Vib|inbl Jlbx i fm~g kl|s~ibmpl sj~lisu a~ lzxbams axxa~s|kmsmlu

^i~l Kas xauuluulc n} gik} asjl~u

Eausb}

sa mgmsisl

Jmusa~meib0 \kmy|l & vib|inbl a~dikmpismakib e|bs|~l! n~ikcIgnmd|a|u ei|ul0 Ei|ulu & |ulu af i eagxlslkel |kebli~

Uaemib eagxblzms}0 Mksl~xl~uakib ~lbismakujmxu" s~|us" ikc f~mlkcujmx

Kaku|nusms|sinbl Ka us~isldme ly|mviblks


20/45



A|seaglu af eagnmkismaku af e~msl~mi af U|usimkinbl Eagxlsmsmvl Icviksidl

Eixinmbms}

vib|inbl

Eixinmbms}

^i~l

Eixinmbms}

eausb} sa

mgmsisl

Eixinmbms}

Kak'

u|nusms|sinbl

Eagxlsmsmvl

eakuly|lkelu

Xl~fa~gikel

mgxbmeismaku

Ka Ka Ka Ka Eagxlsmsmvl

cmuicviksidl

Nlbat ivl~idl

~ls|~ku

]lu Ka Ka ]lu!Ka Eagxlsmsmvl

xi~ms}

Ivl~idl

~ls|~ku

]lu ]lu Ka ]lu!Ka Slgxa~i~}

eagxlsmsmvl

icviksidl

Ivl~idl sa

inavl'ivl~idl

~ls|~ku

]lu ]lu ]lu ]lu U|usimkinbl

eagxlsmsmvl

icviksidl

Inavl'ivl~idl

~ls|~ku

Vib|l Ejimk Ikib}umu0 Slgxbisl sjis ibbatu fm~g sa |kcl~usikc xi~su af msu axl~ismaku

sjis e~lisl vib|l & sjaul sjis ca kas

\kcl~usikc eaus xaumsmak Mclksmf} gliku sa

fiembmsisl mgxblglksismak

af i ejaulk n|umkluu'blvlb

us~isld}

X~mgi~} iesmvmsmlumkvabvlc tmsj0 x~ac|esuxj}umeib e~lismak"

x~ac|esu uibl &

cmus~mn|smak sa n|}l~u"

x~ac|esu ifsl~ uiblu

ul~vmel U|xxa~s iesmvmsmlu'

x~avmcl kleluui~} u|xxa~ssa lkinbl x~mgi~}

iesmvmsmlu

Ujatu jat i x~ac|esgavlu f~ag ~it'gisl~mibusidl sa sjl fmkib e|usagl~

Sa nl ua|~el afeagxlsmsmvl icviksidl" ^!E g|us ibbat fm~g0 Sa xl~fa~g ik iesmvms} mk i u|xl~ma~

gikkl~ t~s jat eagxlsmsa~u xl~fa~g ms" a~ xl~fa~g i vib|l'e~lismkd iesmvms} sjis

eagxlsmsa~u eikkas eagxblsl

Sjl Vib|l'E~lismkd Xaslksmib af X~mgi~} Iesmvmsmlu

Mkna|kc badmusmeu' Usa~l & cmuulgmkisl mkx|su *gisl~mibu" mkvlksa~}-Axl~ismaku' Eakvl~s mkx|su f~ag mkna|kc badmusmeu sa fmkib x~ac|es fa~g *giejmkmkd"

xieoidmkd" iuulgnb}" lse+-

A|sna|kc badmusmeu' Eabblesmkd" usa~mkd & xj}umeibb} cmus~mn|smkd x~ac|es sa e|usagl~u*daacu ti~lja|umkd" a~cl~ x~aeluumkd-


21/45


ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag 9: igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

Gi~olsmkd ikc uiblu' X~avmcmkd gliku ikc mkc|emkd e|usagl~u sa x|~ejiul x~ac|esu*icvl~smumkd" x~agasmak" cmus~mn|smak ejikklbu" lse+-

Ul~vmel' Lkjikemkd a~ gimksimk i x~ac|esu vib|l *~lxim~" s~imkmkd" ic`|usglks-X~ae|~lglks' mkx|su sa x~ac|el fm~gu x~ac|esu *~it gisl~mibu & u|xxbmlu-Slejkabadmeib clvlbaxglks' Mgx~avmkd fm~gu x~ac|es & x~aeluulu mk gik|fies|~mkd

*x~aeluu ly|mxglks" niume ~luli~ej" x~ac|es clumdk" lse-J^ gikidlglks' ^le~|msmkd" s~imkmkd ikc eagxlkuismkd xl~uakklbFm~g mkf~ius~|es|~l' U|xxa~smkd sjl ta~o af sjl lksm~l vib|l ejimk *gikidlglks"

xbikkmkd" fmkikel" ieea|ksmkd" bldib" davl~kglks ~lbismaku" lse+-

Lfflesmvlb} ikc eakumuslksb} mclksmf} lzsl~kib axxa~s|kmsmlu ikc sj~lisu Mclksmf} ~lua|~elu ikc eixinmbmsmlu" u|xxa~s ea~l eagxlslkemlu

Lzigmkl liej iesmvms} t~s eagxlsmsa~u inmbmsmlu & ~isl iu u|xl~ma~" ly|mviblks a~ mkfl~ma~

Sjl Ejibblkdl af Mksl~kib Ikib}umu

Umdkmfmeiksb} mkfb|lkel fm~gu inmbms} sa li~k inavl'ivl~idl ~ls|~ku

Sa clvlbax ikc |ul ea~l eagxlslkemlu" gikidl~u g|us jivl Ea|~idl" ulbf'eakfmclkel" mksld~ms}" eixiems} sa clib tmsj |kel~simks} &

eagxblzms}

Tmbbmkdkluu sa jabc xlaxbl *ikc sjlgulbvlu- ieea|ksinbl fa~ sjlm~ ta~oA|sua|~emkd' Sjl x|~ejiul af i vib|l'e~lismkd iesmvms} f~ag ik lzsl~kib u|xxbml~

Flt a~dikmpismaku xauuluu ~lua|~elu ikc eixinmbmsmlu ~ly|m~lc sa iejmlvleagxlsmsmvl u|xl~ma~ms} mk ibb x~mgi~} ikc u|xxa~s iesmvmsmlu

N} fae|umkd ak fltl~ eixinmbmsmlu fm~g eik eakelks~isl ak e~lismkd vib|l Uxlemibs} u|xxbml~u eik xl~fa~g a|sua|~elc eixinmbmsmlu ga~l lffmemlksb}

A|sua|~emkd ^ismakibl A|sua|~emkd Muu|lu

N|umkluu fae|u A|sua|~el sa fm~gu xauuluumkd ea~l eagxlslkel af xl~fa~gmkd x~mgi~}

a~ u|xxa~smkd a|sua|~elc iesmvms}

Ieeluu sa ta~bc'ebiuueixinmbmsmlu

Lvib|isl iesmvmsmlu tjl~l fm~g msulbf eik e~lisl & eixs|~l vib|l

Ieelbl~isl n|umkluu ~l'

lkdmkll~mkd nlklfmsu

^muo} sa a|sua|~el x~mgi~} & u|xxa~s iesmvmsmlu |ulc sa kl|s~ibmpl

lkvm~akglksib sj~lisu

Fblzmnmbms} A|sua|~el e~msmeib eixinmbmsmlu a~ iesmvmsmlu sjis usmg|bisl clvlbaxglks

af klt eixinmbmsmlu & eagxlslkemlu

Ei|smaku ikc ^lgmkcl~u Ea~l eagxlslkemlu tmbb kas eaksmk|l sa x~avmcl i ua|~el af eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl Ea~l eagxlslkemlu gi} nleagl ea~l ~mdmcmsmlu" dlkl~isl mkl~smi & usmfbl

mkkavismak

Clsl~gmkmkd tjis sjl fm~g eik ca sj~a|dj eaksmk|a|u ikc lfflesmvl ikib}ulu af msumksl~kib lkvm~akglks mke~liul sjl bmolbmjaac af bakd'sl~g eagxlsmsmvl u|eeluu


22/45


ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag 9= igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

EE||uussaaggll~~uu MM kkcc||uuss ~~ mmii bb GGii~~oollssuuEEaakkuu||ggll~~ GGii~~oollssuu

N|umkluu blvlb us~isld} Mksld~islc & eaa~cmkislc uls af

eaggmsglksu & iesmaku" fm~g |ulu sa dimk

eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl n} lzxbamsmkd ea~l

eagxlslkemlu mk uxlemfme x~ac|es gi~olsu

Mkslkclc sa e~lisl cmffl~lkelu nlstllkfm~gu xaumsmak ~lbismvl sa ~mvibu

Xaumsmakmkd' Clemcl tjlsjl~ sa Xl~fa~g iesmvmsmlu cmffl~lksb}' batl~

avl~ibb eausu" ejlixl~ x~aeluu- a~

Xl~fa~g cmffl~lks *vib|inbl- iesmvmsmlu'eixinmbms} sa cmffl~lksmisl x~ac|es !ul~vmel ikc eaggikc x~lgm|g x~mel

N|umkluu'Blvlb Us~isldme Muu|lu

E|usagl~u i~l sjl fa|kcismak af u|eeluuf|b n|umkluu'blvlb us~isld}

Tja tmbb nl ul~vlc n} sjl us~isld}1 Tjis kllcu sjaul si~dls e|usagl~u jivl sjis sjl us~isld} tmbb uismuf}1 Jat sjaul kllcu tmbb nl uismufmlc n} sjl us~isld}1

E|usagl~u0 Tja" Tjis" Tjl~l

Fm~gu g|us gikidl ibb iuxlesu

af sjlm~ e|usagl~ ~lbismakujmx

tmsj

^liej0 fm~gu u|eeluu ikc eakklesmak sa e|usagl~u ^mejkluu0 clxsj & clsimb af >'ti} mkfa~gismak fbat nlstllk fm~g & sjl e|usagl~ Iffmbmismak0 fiembmsismak af |ulf|b mksl~iesmaku tmsj e|usagl~u

Niumu fa~ E|usagl~ Uldglksismak

Eaku|gl~ Gi~olsu

Clgad~ixjme fiesa~u *idl" mkeagl" ulz" lse+- Uaemaleakagme fiesa~u *uaemib" ~lbmdmak" FBE usidl- Dlad~ixjme fiesa~u *e|bs|~ib" ~ldmakib" |~nik" ~|~ib- Xu}ejabadmeib fiesa~u *bmflus}bl" xl~uakibms} s~imsu- Eaku|gxsmak xissl~ku *jliv}" gacl~isl" bmdjs |ul~u- Xl~elxs|ib fiesa~u *nlklfms uldglksismak" xl~elxs|ib gix-

Mkc|us~mib Gi~olsu

Lkc'|ul uldglksu X~ac|es uldglksu *slejkabad}" x~ac|esmak leakagmeu- Dlad~ixjme uldglksu *ea|ks~}" ~ldmakib cmffl~lkelu- Eaggak n|}l~ uldglksu *x~ac|es gi~ols &

dlad~ixjme uldglksu-

E|usagl~ umpl uldglksu


23/45


ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag >8 igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

E|usagl~ Kllcu sa Uismuf}

Tjis Jat

^lbislc sa i x~ac|esunlklfmsu ikc flis|~lu

^lx~lulksmkd clum~lumk sl~gu af flis|~luikc xl~fa~gikeleixinmbmsmlu

Clsl~gmkl ea~l eagxlslkemlu kleluui~} sauismuf} e|usagl~ kllcu

\ul ea~l eagxlslkemlu sa mgxblglks vib|le~lismkd us~isldmlu sjis uismuf} e|usagl~u kllcu

Fm~gu tmsj eixiems} sa eaksmk|a|ub} mgx~avl"mkkavisl & |xd~icl eagxlslkemlu eik lzxles saglls !lzellc e|usagl~ lzxlesismaku ie~auu smgl

Eagxlsmsmvl ueaxl

Ueaxl' Cmglkumaku" mkeb|cmkd x~ac|es d~a|xu" e|usagl~ uldglksu & dlad~ixjme gi~olsu

N~aic ueaxl' fm~g eagxlslu mk gik} e|usagl~ uldglksu Ki~~at ueaxl' fm~g ulblesu i uldglks ! d~a|x af uldglksu mk sjl mkc|us~} ikc

simba~u msu us~isld} sa ul~vmkd sjlg is sjl lzeb|umak af asjl~u

Fmvl N|umkluu'Blvlb Us~isldmlu *Xa~sl~-Eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl

Eaus \kmy|lkluu

Eagxlsmsmvl

ueaxl

N~aic

Si~dls

Eaus blicl~ujmx Cmffl~lksmismak

Ki~~at

Si~dls

Fae|ulc eaus blicl~ujmx Fae|ulc cmffl~lksmismak

Eaus Blicl~ujmx Us~isld}

Mksld~islc uls af iesmaku siolk sa x~ac|el ~lbismvlb} usikci~cmplc daacu!ul~vmelutmsj flis|~lu ieelxsinbl sa gik} e|usagl~u" is batlus eagxlsmsmvl eaus

Eaus uivmkd iesmaku ~ly|m~lc i~l0

N|mbcmkd lffmemlks ueibl" gik|fies|~mkd fiembmsmlu" umgxbmf}mkd x~ac|esmak x~aeluulu Smdjsb} eaks~abbmkd!gmkmgmumkd x~ac|esmak! uiblu!^&C ikc ul~vmel eausu Gakmsa~mkd eausu af iesmvmsmlu x~avmclc n} a|sumcl~uJat sa ansimk i Eaus Icviksidl

Eaus C~mvl~u Vib|l Ejimk

Ibsl~ x~ac|esmak x~aeluu Klt ~it gisl~mib

Ejikdl mk i|sagismak Fa~ti~c mksld~ismak

Klt cmus~mn|smak ejikklb Nieoti~c mksld~ismak

Klt icvl~smumkd glcmi Ejikdl baeismak ~lbismvl sa u|xxbml~u a~ n|}l~u

Cm~les uiblu mk xbiel af mkcm~les uiblu

Us~isld}' Clsl~gmkl ikc eaks~ab Us~isld} '^leakfmd|~l" mf kllclc

Mksld~islc Eaus blicl~ujmx

! Cmffl~lksmismak


24/45



Ld' Vib|l'E~lismkd Iesmvmsmlu Iuuaemislc tmsj sjl Eaus Blicl~ujmx Us~isld}

Eaus Blicl~ujmx Us~isld} af mke|gnlksu fa~

Klt Lks~iksu f~mdjslk aff n} leakagmlu af ueibl & smgl sa ueibl sjl bli~kmkd e|~vl

U|xxbml~u gmsmdisl u|xxbml~u xatl~ n} inua~nmkd eaus mke~liul c|l sa bat eausxaumsmak a~ n} inmbms} sa giol vl~} bi~dl x|~ejiulu

N|}l~u gmsmdisl n|}l~u xatl~ n} c~mvmkd x~melu fi~ nlbat eagxlsmsa~u"

ei|umkd sjlg sa lzms" sj|u ujmfsmkd xatl~ tmsj n|}l~u nieo sa sjl fm~g

U|nusms|slu tlbb xaumsmaklc sa mkvlus sa e~lisl u|nusms|slu" a~ n|} xislksu clvlbaxlc

n} xaslksmib u|nusms|slu" a~ batl~ x~melu sa gimksimk vib|l xaumsmak

Eagxlsmsa~u c|l sa eaus blicl~u icviksidla|u xaumsmak" ~mvibu jlumsisl sa eagxlsl

ak niumu af x~mel" bieo af x~mel eagxlsmsmak blicu sa d~lisl~ x~afmsu

Eagxlsmsmvl ^muou af eaus blicl~ujmx us~isld}

Anuabluelkel af daac!ul~vmelu x~ac|emkd x~aeluulu c|l sa eagxlsmsa~u mkkavismaku Fae|u ak eaus ~lc|esmaku is lzxlkul af e|usagl~u xl~elxsmaku af cmffl~lksmismak Eagxlsmsa~u gi} |ul atk ea~l eagxlslkemlu sa mgmsisl sjl eaus blicl~u us~isld}Cmffl~lksmismak

Ik mksld~islc uls af iesmaku siolk sa x~ac|el daacu a~ ul~vmelu *is ik ieelxsinbl eaus-

sjis e|usagl~u xl~elmvl iu nlmkd cmffl~lks mk ti}u sjis i~l mgxa~siks sa sjlg

Kakusikci~cmulc x~ac|esu E|usagl~u vib|l cmffl~lksmislc flis|~lu ga~l sjik sjl} vib|l bat eaus


25/45


ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag >> igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

Jat sa Ansimk i Cmffl~lksmismak Icviksidl

Cmffl~lksmismak Us~isld} af mke|gnlksu fa~

Klt lks~iksu Clflkc n} affl~mkd klt x~ac|esu tmsj ly|ib xl~fa~gikel n|s batl~

x~melU|xxbml~u

xatl~

Gmsmdisl n} inua~nmkd x~mel mke~liul c|l sa jmdjl~ gi~dmku" xiuu ak

jmdjl~ u|xxbml~ x~melu sa n|}l~u ba}ib sa cmffl~lksmislc n~ikc

N|}l~u

xatl~

Gmsmdisl n|}l~u xatl~ iu tlbb cmffl~lksmislc x~ac|esu ~lc|el e|usagl~

ulkumsmvms} sa x~mel mke~liulu

U|nusms|slu

sj~lis

Tlbb xaumsmaklc ~lbismvl sa u|nusms|slu" n~ikc ba}ibs} sa cmffl~lksmislcx~ac|es gi} clsl~ e|usagl~u s~}mkd klt x~ac|esu a~ utmsejmkd n~ikcu

Eagxlsmsa~u Clflkcu idimkus eagxlsmsa~u nlei|ul n~ikc ba}ibs} sa cmffl~lksmislc

x~ac|es affulsu x~mel eagxlsmsmak

Fae|u us~isldmlu' Mksld~islc uls af iesmaku sjis x~ac|el daacu ! ul~vmelu sa ul~vl i

xi~sme|bi~ eagxlsmsmvl uldglks *n|}l~ d~a|x- ! cmffl~lks uldglks af i x~ac|es bmkl !cmffl~lks dlad~ixjme gi~olsu

Fiesa~u Sjis C~mvl Fae|ulc Us~isldmlu

Bi~dl fm~gu gi} avl~baao ugibb kmejlu I fm~g gi} bieo sjl ~lua|~elu kllclc sa eagxlsl mk sjl n~aicl~ gi~ols Fm~g eik ul~vl i ki~~at gi~ols uldglks ga~l lfflesmvlb} sjik bi~dl~ eagxlsmsa~u Fm~g eik cm~les ~lua|~elu sa vib|l ejimk iesmvmsmlu sa n|mbc eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl


26/45



Mksld~islc Eaus Blicl~ujmx! Cmffl~lksmismak Us~isld}

Fm~g |umkd ik mksld~islc eaus blicl~ujmx!cmffl~lksmismak us~isld} mk i nlssl~ xaumsmak sa0

Icixs y|meob} sa lkvm~akglksib ejikdlu Bli~k klt uombbu ikc slejkabadmlu ga~l y|meob} Lfflesmvlb} blvl~idl msu ea~l eagxlslkemlu tjmbl eagxlsmkd idimkus msu ~mvibu


27/45



Eagxlsmsmvl ^mvib~} & Eagxlsmsmvl C}kigmeuEagxlsmsa~u' Fm~gu axl~ismkd mk sjl uigl gi~ols" affl~mkd umgmbi~ x~ac|esu ikcsi~dlsmkd umgmbi~ e|usagl~u

Eagxlsmsmvl C}kigmeu' Akdamkd iesmaku ikc ~luxakulu siomkd xbiel nlstllk ibb fm~gu

eagxlsmkd tmsjmk i gi~ols fa~ icviksidla|u xaumsmaku

Eagxlsmsmvl nljivma~' Sjl uls af eagxlsmsmvl iesmaku & eagxlsmsmvl ~luxakulu sjl fm~gsiolu sa n|mbc a~ clflkc msu eagxlsmsmvl icviksidlu ikc sa mgx~avl msu gi~ols xaumsmak

Eagxlsmsmvl c}kigmeu' Sjl sasib uls af iesmaku ikc ~luxakulu siolk n} ibb fm~gu

eagxlsmkd tmsjmk i gi~ols

G|bsmgi~ols eagxlsmsmak' Fm~gu eagxlsmkd idimkus liej asjl~ mk ulvl~ib x~ac|es a~dlad~ixjme gi~olsu

Eagxlsmsmvl C}kigmeu

I Gaclb af Eagxlsmsmvl ^mvib~}

Fm~gu eagxlsmsmvl iesmaku jivl kasmelinbl lfflesu ak eagxlsmsa~u & lbmems eagxlsmsmvl

~luxakulu+ Gi~ols u|eeluu mu i f|kesmak af mkcmvmc|ib us~isldmlu & eakuly|lkelu af sjlm~

|ul


28/45


ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag >< igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

Eagxlsmsa~ ikib}umu

\kcl~usikc eagxlsmsa~u f|s|~l an`lesmvlu" e|~~lks us~isldmlu" iuu|gxsmaku & eixinmbmsmluX~lcmes eagxlsmsa~ nljivma|~" iksmemxisl ~luxakul" fa~g eagxlsmsmvl iesmaku &

~luxakulu

Gi~ols eaggakibms} & ~lua|~el umgmbi~ms} tmsj eagxlsmsa~uEagxlsmsmvl ~mvib~}' Akdamkd iesmaku ikc ~luxakulu siomkd xbiel nlstllk ik mkcmvmc|ib

fm~g ikc msu eagxlsmsa~u fa~ ik icviksidla|u gi~ols xaumsmak

Us~isldme iesmak a~ ~luxakul' I gi~ols'niulc gavl sjis mkvabvlu i umdkmfmeiks

eaggmsglks af a~dikmpismakib ~lua|~elu ikc mu cmffme|bs sa mgxblglks ikc ~lvl~ul

Siesmeib iesmak a~ ~luxakul' I gi~ols'niulc gavl siolk sa fmkl's|kl i us~isld}+

\u|ibb} mkvabvlu fltl~ ~lua|~elu ikc mu ~lbismvlb} liu} sa mgxblglks ikc ~lvl~ul

Eagxlsmsmvl iesmak' I us~isldme a~ siesmeib iesmak sjl fm~g siolu sa n|mbc a~ clflkc msu

eagxlsmsmvl icviksidlu a~ mgx~avl msu gi~ols xaumsmak

Eagxlsmsmvl ~luxakul' I us~isldme a~ siesmeib iesmak sjl fm~g siolu sa ea|ksl~ sjl lfflesu

af i eagxlsmsa~u eagxlsmsmvl iesmak

Fiesa~u Ifflesmkd Bmolbmjaac af Issieo

Fm~us gavl~ Ibbaeisl f|kcu fa~ x~ac|es mkkavismak" idd~luumvl icvl~smumkd" ^&C

Eik dimk ba}ibs} af e|usagl~u eaggmsslc sa sjl fm~gu daacu a~ ul~vmelu

Cmffme|bs fa~ eagxlsmsa~u sa siol gi~ols uji~l

Uleakc

gavl~

^luxakcu s}xmeibb} sj~a|dj mgmsismak

Us|cmlu e|usagl~ ~liesmaku sa mkkavismak" ivamcu gmusiolu & j|dl uxlkcu

Gi} clvlbax ga~l lffmemlks x~aeluulu ikc slejkabadmluBisl gavl~ ^luxakcu sa eagxlsmsmvl iesmak ifsl~ eakumcl~inbl smgl jiu lbixulc

Ubat sa u|eellc" bluul~ uji~l & ivl~idl ~ls|~ku sjik fm~us & uleakc

gavl~u

Ugibb fm~gu Ga~l bmolb} sa bi|kej y|meol~ eagxlsmsmvl iesmaku" ~lb} ak uxllc ikc

u|~x~mul sa clflkc eagxlsmsmvl icviksidlu a~ clvlbax klt aklu

Bi~dl fm~gu Bmolb} sa mkmsmisl ga~l eagxlsmsmvl ikc us~isldme iesmaku avl~ i xl~mac

Y|ibms} lzmusu tjlk fm~gu daacu a~ ul~vmelu glls a~ lzellc e|usagl~u lzxlesismaku

X~ac|es Y|ibms} Cmglkumaku

Xl~fa~gikelAxl~ismkd eji~iesl~musmeu Flis|~luMgxa~siks uxlemib eji~iesl~musmeu Fblzmnmbms}Gllsmkd axl~ismkd uxlemfmeismaku avl~ uagl xl~mac af smgl C|~inmbms}Iga|ks af |ul nlfa~l xl~fa~gikel clsl~ma~islu Eakfa~gikelGisej tmsj x~llusinbmujlc usikci~cu Ul~vmelinmbms}Liul ikc uxllc af ~lxim~ IlusjlsmeuJat i x~ac|es baaou ikc fllbu Xl~elmvlc y|ibms}U|n`lesmvl iuuluuglks af eji~iesl~musmeu *x~ac|es mgidl-


29/45



Ul~vmel Y|ibms} Cmglkumaku

SmglbmkluuXl~fa~glc mk sjl x~agmulc xl~mac af smgl Ea|~slu}Xl~fa~glc ejll~f|bb} Eakumuslke}Dmvmkd ibb e|usagl~u umgmbi~ lzxl~mlkelu liej smgl EakvlkmlkelIeeluumnmbms} sa e|usagl~u EagxblslkluuF|bb} ul~vmelc" iu ~ly|m~lc Iee|~ie}Xl~fa~glc ea~~lesb} liej smgl

Eagxlsmsmvl c}kigmeu

Ubat e}ebl gi~ols Fius e}ebl gi~ols Usikci~c e}ebl

gi~ols

Eagxlsmsmvl

icviksidl

Ujmlbclc f~ag

mgmsismak fa~ bakd

xl~macu af smgl

Kas ujmlbclc f~ag

mgmsismak

Gacl~islb} ujmlbclc

f~ag

U|usimkinmbms} Jmdj Bat Xi~smib

Mgmsismak Eausb} Y|meo & mklzxlkumvl gacl~isl

Us~isld} Eakelks~isl akeagxlsmsmvl iesmaku

& ~luxakulu sa

x~asles" gimksimk &lzslkc x~ax~mlsi~}

icviksidl

Eagxlsmsa~u ~lvl~ullkdmkll~ sa y|meob}

mgmsisl a~ mgx~avl ak

fm~gu x~ac|esuKak'x~ax~mlsi~}

slejkabad} cmff|ulc~ixmcb}

\xd~icl y|ibms} mueaksmk|a|ub}

Fm~gu ullo bi~dl

gi~ols uji~luFm~gu dimk e|usagl~

ba}ibs} sj~a|dj n~ikckiglu

Fm~gu ei~lf|bb} eaks~ab

axl~ismaku

Mkc|us~} Xji~gi ^&C xislksu

Cmukl} eji~iesl~u

^lvl~ul lkdmkll~mkd

fm~gu' Mkcmik xji~gi

XE giol~u

J\B" X&D


30/45



Ea~xa~isl blvlb us~isld}

Ea~xa~isl'blvlb Us~isld} *Eagxik}tmcl-

Uxlemfmlu iesmaku siolk n} i fm~g sa dimk eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl n} ulblesmkd & gikidmkd

i d~a|x af cmffl~lks n|umkluulu eagxlsmkd mk ulvl~ib mkc|us~mlu ikc x~ac|es gi~olsu

N|umkluu'blvlb Us~isld} *Eagxlsmsmvl-

Liej n|umkluu |kms mk i cmvl~umfmlc fm~g ejaaulu i n|umkluu'blvlb us~isld} iu msu gliku afeagxlsmkd mk mkcmvmc|ib x~ac|es gi~olsu

Cmvl~umfmeismakTjlk i fm~g ejaaulu sa cmvl~umf} nl}akc i umkdbl mkc|us~} ikc axl~isl n|umkluulu mk

ulvl~ib mkc|us~mlu+ Fm~g e~lislu vib|l n} x~ac|esmvlb} |umkd lzeluu ~lua|~elu+

X~ac|es cmvl~umfmeismak eakel~ku ueaxl af sjl mkc|us~mlu ikc gi~olsu mk tjmej sjl fm~geagxlslu ikc jat gikidl~u n|}" e~lisl ikc ulbb cmffl~lks n|umkluulu sa gisej uombbu ikc

us~lkdsju tmsj axxa~s|kmsmlu x~lulkslc sa sjl fm~g

Cmvl~umfmeismak blvlbu

Bat Umkdbl

n|umkluu

;=


31/45


ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag >: igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

\k~lbislc Cmvl~umfmeismak

Fmkikemib leakagmlu' eaus uivmkdu sj~a|dj mgx~avlc ibbaeismaku af fmkikemib~lua|~elu" e~lisl vib|l sj~a|dj lffmemlks mksl~kib eixmsib ibbaeismaku" x|~ejiulasjl~ ea~xa~ismaku & ~lus~|es|~l sjlm~ iuulsu

Lffmemlks mksl~kib eixmsib ibbaeismak' Ea~xa~isl affmel cmus~mn|slu eixmsib sa UN\ sae~lisl avl~ibb vib|l

N|umkluu ~lus~|es|~mkd' E~lislu vib|l n} n|}mkd & ulbbmkd asjl~ fm~gu iuulsu mk lzsl~kib gi~ols Fae|u ak gis|~l" bat'slejkabad} n|umkluulu" kas ~lbmiks ak i ebmlks a~mlksismak

^liuaku fa~ Cmvl~umfmeismak

Mkelksmvlu ikc ^lua|~elu tmsj Kl|s~ib Lfflesu ak Us~isldme Eagxlsmsmvlkluu0

Iksms~|us ~ld|bismak" Siz bitu Bat xl~fa~gikel" \kel~simk f|s|~l eiuj fbatu ^muo ~lc|esmak fa~ fm~g Sikdmnbl ~lua|~elu" Mksikdmnbl ~lua|~elu

Gikidl~mib Gasmvlu *Vib|l ^lc|esmak-

Cmvl~umf}mkd gikidl~mib lgxba}glks ~muo Mke~liumkd gikidl~mib eagxlkuismak

Us~isldme Gasmvlu

Leakagmlu af ueaxl *~lbislc cmvl~umfmeismak-Uji~mkd iesmvmsmluS~ikufl~~mkd ea~l eagxlslkemlu

Gi~ols xatl~ *~lbislc cmvl~umfmeismak-Nbaeomkd eagxlsmsa~u sj~a|dj g|bsmxamks eagxlsmsmak

Vl~smeib mksld~ismak

Fmkikemib leakagmlu *|k~lbislc cmvl~umfmeismak-Lffmemlks mksl~kib eixmsib ibbaeismakN|umkluu ~lus~|es|~mkd

Cmvl~umfmeismak Glsjacu' Mksl~kib Vlks|~lu" G&I" @V


32/45


ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag >= igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag


33/45



Iey|mumsmak & ^lus~|es|~mkd Us~isldmlu

Mksl~kib Vlks|~lu

Mksl~kib vlks|~lu giol |ul af sjl ^&C x~ad~igu af sjl a~dikmpismak

Icviksidlu' Eaks~ab avl~ sjl vlks|~l" mkfa~gismak kas uji~lc" x~afmsu ~lsimklc Cmuicviksidlu' Jmdj fimb|~l ~muo" bas af smgl sa lzle|sl" Mksl~kib ~lua|~elu baeolcGl~dl~u ikc Iey|mumsmaku *G&I-

Gl~dl~u & iey|mumsmaku ibua |kcl~siolk sa n|} mkkavismak sjik x~ac|el mk'ja|ul

Icc ueibl Fius ti} sa lksl~ klt gi~olsu ikc dlad~ixjmlu Iey|m~l klt x~ac|esu ! ul~vmelu ! slejkabadmlu ! okatblcdl ikc uombbu Vl~smeibb} mksld~isl Fmbb kllcu mk sjl ea~xa~isl xa~sfabma

Gl~dl~' tjlk > fm~gu id~ll sa mksld~isl axl~ismaku ak i ~lbismvlb} ea'ly|ib niumu Iey|mumsmak' us~isld} tjl~l i fm~g n|}u i eaks~abbmkd" a~ 988, mksl~lus mk ikasjl~

fm~g" sa giol sjl iey|m~lc fm~g i u|numcmi~} n|umkluu tmsjmk msu xa~sfabma

Siolavl~' I uxlemib s}xl af iey|mumsmak tjlk sjl si~dls fm~g cmc kas uabmems sjliey|m~mkd fm~gu nmc fa~ a|s~mdjs atkl~ujmx

Gaus ~luli~ej mkcmeislu sjis gl~dl~u ikc iey|mumsmaku xl~fa~g xaa~b}Ja~mpaksib iey|mumsmak

Iey|mumsmak mk sjl uigl mkc|us~} mke~liulu fm~gu gi~ols xatl~ n} lzxbamsmkdeaus'niulc ikc ~lvlk|l'niulc u}kl~dmlu

Iey|mumsmaku tmsj umgmbi~ eji~iesl~musmeu ~lu|bs mk jmdjl~ xl~fa~gikel sjik sjaul tmsjcmuumgmbi~ eji~iesl~musmeu

Vl~smeib iey|mumsmaku

Iey|mumsmak af i u|xxbml~ a~ cmus~mn|sa~ af akl a~ ga~l af sjl fm~gu daacu a~ ul~vmeluMke~liulu i fm~gu gi~ols xatl~ n} eaks~abbmkd iccmsmakib xi~su af sjl vib|l ejimk

^lbislc iey|mumsmaku

Iey|mumsmak af i eagxik} mk i jmdjb} ~lbislc mkc|us~}Cmffme|bs} mk mgxblglksmkd u}kl~d}" giol ~lbislc iey|mumsmaku cmffme|bs sa mgxblglks

^liuaku fa~ iey|mumsmaku X~anblgu tmsj iey|mumsmakuMke~liulc gi~ols xatl~ Avl~lusmgismak af u}kl~dmlu

Avl~eagmkd lks~} ni~~ml~u ^leavl~mkd clib x~lgm|g

Bat ~muo eagxi~lc sa KXC Mksld~ismak

Clvlbax klt eixinmbmsmlu Mkicly|isl si~dls lvib|ismak

Eagxlsmsmak Gikidmkd umpl

Cmvl~umfmeismak Saa g|ej cmvl~umfmeismak

Fiusl~ sa gi~ols sjik KXC Eagxbielke}


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Tj} Gl~dl~u Caks Ta~o Tj} Gl~dl~u Ta~o

Bi~dl a~ lzs~ia~cmki~} clns Avl~eakfmclks a~ mkeagxlslks

gikidlglks

Lsjmeib eakel~ku Ejikdlu mk sax gikidlglks slig

ikc!a~ a~dikmpismakib

Mkicly|isl ikib}umu *c|l cmbmdlkel- Cmvl~umfmeismak iti} f~ag sjl fm~gu

ea~l

Us~akd ~lbislckluu F~mlkcb} kldasmismaku Bat'sa'gacl~isl clns Eaksmk|lc fae|u ak ea~l us~lkdsju Ei~lf|b ulblesmak af & kldasmismaku tmsj

si~dls fm~g

Us~akd eiuj a~ clns xaumsmak Umgmbi~ fm~g e|bs|~lu & gikidlglks

us}blu

Uji~mkd ~lua|~elu ie~auu eagxikmlu

^lus~|es|~mkd

I us~isld} sj~a|dj tjmej i fm~g ejikdlu msu uls af n|umkluulu a~ fmkikemib us~|es|~l Fimb|~l af ik iey|mumsmak us~isld} afslk x~lelclu i ~lus~|es|~mkd us~isld} C|l sa ejikdlu mk sjl lzsl~kib a~ mksl~kib lkvm~akglksu^lus~|es|~mkd us~isldmlu0

Us~isld} Tjis jixxlku Uja~s sl~g a|seaglu Bakd sl~g

a|seaglu

Catkumpmkd

^lc|esmak mk k|gnl~ aflgxba}llu!axl~ismkd

|kmsu

^lc|elc bina|~ eausuGa~l lffmemlks axl~ismaku

Bauu af j|gikeixmsib

Batl~ xl~fa~gikel

Catk

ueaxmkd

Cmvlusglks ! uxmk'aff sa

lbmgmkisl kak ea~l

n|umkluulu & ~lfae|u

^lc|elc clns eausu

Us~isldme eaks~abu lgxjiumu

Jmdjl~ xl~fa~gikel

Blvl~idlcn|}a|su

I xi~s} n|}u sjl fm~guiuulsu sa siol ms x~mvislEik ea~~les gikidl~mib

gmusiolu" fiembmsisl

lks~lx~lkl|~mib d~atsj

Us~isldme eaks~abu lgxjiumuJmdj clns eausu

Jmdjl~ ~muo

Eakelks~ismak

Eakelks~ismak ~isma

Eakuabmcismak


35/45


36/45



Lgxjiumplu leakagmlu af ueibl Bieo baeib gi~ols ~luxakumvlkluu ^ly|m~lu ~lua|~el uji~mkd ikc eaa~cmkismak ie~auu na~cl~u *ji~c sa gikidl-

S~ikukismakib us~isld}' Ullou sa iejmlvl nasj dbanib lffmemlke} ikc baeib

~luxakumvlkluu Cmffme|bs sa iejmlvl nlei|ul af umg|bsikla|u ~ly|m~lglksu Us~akd elks~ib eaks~ab ikc eaa~cmkismak sa iejmlvl lffmemlke} Clelks~ibmpismak sa iejmlvl baeib gi~ols ~luxakumvlkluu G|us x|~u|l a~dikmpismakib bli~kmkd sa iejmlvl eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl

Ejamel af Mksl~kismakib Lks~} Gacl

S}xl af Lks~} Eji~iesl~musmeu C}kigmeu

Lzxa~smkd Jmdj eaus" bat eaks~ab Sjl fm~g jiu ka fa~lmdk

gik|fies|~mkd lzxl~smul ikc ~ly|m~lumkvlusglks akb} mk cmus~mn|smak+

Bmelkumkd Bat eaus" bat ~muo" bmssbl eaks~ab"bat ~ls|~ku

Sjl fm~g kllcu sa fiembmsisl sjlx~ac|es mgx~avlglksu kleluui~} sa

lksl~ fa~lmdk gi~olsu+

Us~isldme

ibbmikelu

Uji~lc eausu" uji~lc ~lua|~elu"

uji~lc ~muou" x~anblgu af

mksld~ismak

Sjl fm~g kllcu sa eakkles tmsj ik

lzxl~mlkelc xi~skl~ ib~lic} mk sjl

si~dlslc gi~ols+

Iey|mumsmak Y|meo ieeluu sa klt gi~ols"

jmdj eaus" eagxblz kldasmismaku"x~anblgu af gl~dmkd tmsj

caglusme axl~ismaku

Sjl fm~g kllcu sa ~lc|el msu ~muo

sj~a|dj sjl uji~mkd af eausu+

Klt tjabb}

atklc

u|numcmi~}

Eagxblz" afslk eausb}" smgl

eaku|gmkd" jmdj ~muo" gizmg|g

eaks~ab" xaslksmib inavl'ivl~idl~ls|~ku

Sjl fm~gu mkslbbles|ib x~axl~s}

~mdjsu mk ik lgl~dmkd leakag} i~l

kas tlbb x~asleslc" sjl k|gnl~ affm~gu mk sjl mkc|us~} mu d~atmkd fius"

ikc sjl kllc fa~ dbanib mksld~ismak mu

jmdj+

^muo mk sjl Mksl~kismakib Lkvm~akglks

Xabmsmeib0 Xabmsmeib mkusinmbms}" emvmb & mksl~kismakib ti~" kismakibmpismak af ~lua|~elu Leakagme' Mksl~clxlkclks tmsj xabmsmeib & mkeb|cl fb|es|ismaku mk fa~lz ~islu" tidl

~islu" lkfa~emkd x~axl~s} ~mdjsu ikc |klgxba}glks

E|bs|~ib' baeib e|usagu" s~icmsmaku ikc bikd|idl


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Eaaxl~ismvl Us~isld}Us~isld} mk tjmej fm~gu ta~o sadlsjl~ sa iejmlvl i uji~lc an`lesmvl sa e~lisl e|usagl~vib|l ikc lusinbmuj i fiva~inbl xaumsmak ~lbismvl sa eagxlsmsa~u

Us~isldme Ibbmikel

Eagnmkl ~lua|~elu ikc eixinmbmsmlu af fm~gu sa e~lisl i g|s|ibb} eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl+Sa ea'clvlbax" ea'gi~ols a~ cmus~mn|sl daacu ikc ul~vmelu+ Eagxlsmsmvl icviksidlclvlbaxlc sj~a|dj i eaaxl~ismvl us~isld} mu eibblc i eabbina~ismvl a~ ~lbismakib icviksidl+

S}xlu

@amks Vlks|~l' > a~ ga~l fm~gu e~lisl ik mkclxlkclks fm~g n} uji~mkd uagl af sjlm~~lua|~elu ikc eixinmbmsmlu

Ly|ms} Us~isldme Ibbmikel' Xi~skl~u atk cmffl~lks ly|ms} uji~lu mk ulxi~isl eagxik} Kak'ly|ms} Us~isldme Ibbmikel' > a~ ga~l fm~gu clvlbax i eaks~ies|ib ~lbismakujmx sa

uji~l uagl af sjlm~ |kmy|l ~lua|~elu ikc eixinmbmsmlu

Mksl~kismakib Eaaxl~ismvl Us~isldmlu E~auu'na~cl~ Us~isldme Ibbmikel' fm~gu ie~auu kismaku eagnmkl ^&E sa e~lisl i

eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl" mk lmsjl~ caglusme ! mksl~kismakib gi~olsu

U}kl~dmusme Us~isldme Ibbmikel' Ibbatu ~muo uji~mkd n} ~lc|emkd fmkikemib mkvlusglks Jaus xi~skl~ okatu baeib gi~ols ikc e|usagu Cmffme|bs sa gikidl cmffl~lkelu mk us}blu" e|bs|~lu a~ ~ld|bisa~} eakus~imksu ^muo af xi~skl~ dimkmkd slejkabad} ieeluu ikc nleagmkd i eagxlsmsa~^liuaku fa~ Us~isldme Ibbmikelu

Gi~ols ^liuak

Ubat E}eblDimk ieeluu sa i ~lus~meslc gi~ols *Mku|~ikel @Vu mk Mkcmi-Lusinbmuj i f~ikejmul mk i klt gi~olsGimksimk gi~ols usinmbms} *l+d+" lusinbmujmkd usikci~cu-

Fius E}ebl Uxllc |x clvlbaxglks af klt daacu a~ ul~vmel *Clbb-Uxllc |x klt gi~ols lks~}Gimksimk gi~ols blicl~ujmxFa~g ik mkc|us~} slejkabad} usikci~cUji~l ~muo} ^&C lzxlkulu" avl~eagl |kel~simks}

Usikci~c E}ebl Dimk gi~ols xatl~ *~lc|el mkc|us~} avl~eixiems}-Dimk ieeluu sa eagxblglksi~} ~lua|~elu

Lusinbmuj leakagmlu af ueiblAvl~eagl s~icl ni~~ml~uGlls eagxlsmsmvl ejibblkdlu f~ag asjl~ eagxlsmsa~uXaab ~lua|~elu fa~ vl~} bi~dl eixmsib x~a`lesuBli~k klt n|umkluu slejkmy|lu


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ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag 5< igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

N|umkluu'Blvlb Eaaxl~ismvl Us~isldmlu

Eagxblglksi~} us~isldme ibbmikelu' Vl~smeib" Ja~mpaksib Eagxlsmsmak ~luxakul us~isld} \kel~simks} ~lc|emkd us~isld} Eagxlsmsmak ~lc|emkd us~isld} Eagxblglksi~} Ibbmikelu' Eagnmkl xi~skl~ fm~gu iuulsu mk eagxblglksi~} ti}usa e~lisl klt vib|l+ Mkeb|cl cmus~mn|smak" u|xxbml~ a~ a|sua|~emkd ibbmikelu tjl~l

fm~gu ~lb} ak |xus~lig a~ catkus~lig xi~skl~u sa n|mbc eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl F~ikejmumkd' Ux~licu ~muou ikc |ulu ~lua|~elu" eixinmbmsmlu" ikc eagxlslkemlu

tmsja|s gl~dl~ a~ iey|mumsmak+ I eaks~ies|ib ~lbismakujmx

Ibsl~kismvl sa d~atsj sj~a|dj G&IMksl~kismakib Eaaxl~ismvl Us~isldmlu

E~auu'na~cl~ Us~isldme Ibbmikel' Fm~gu tmsj jlicy|i~sl~u mk cmffl~lks kismakueagnmkl ~lua|~elu ikc eixinmbmsmlu sa e~lisl i eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl

U}kl~dmusme Us~isldme Ibbmikel' Ibbatu ~muo uji~mkd n} ~lc|emkd fmkikemibmkvlusglks+

Klsta~o Eaaxl~ismvl Us~isld} Ulvl~ib fm~gu id~ll sa fa~g g|bsmxbl xi~skl~ujmxu sa iejmlvl uji~lc an`lesmvluEagxlsmsmvl ^muou af Eaaxl~ismvl Us~isldmlu

Xi~skl~u gi} ies axxa~s|kmusmeibb} a~ gmu~lx~lulks eagxlslkemlu Xi~skl~u fimb sa giol eaggmsslc ~lua|~elu & eixinmbmsmlu ivimbinbl sa xi~skl~u Akl xi~skl~ gi} giol mkvlusglksu uxlemfme sa sjl ibbmikel tjmbl msu xi~skl~ calu kasUs~isldme Ibbmikelu ikc @amks Vlks|~lu

^lua|~el uji~mkd''gi~olsmkd" slejkabad}" ~it gisl~mibu ikc eagxaklksu" fmkikemib"gikidl~mib" xabmsmeib

Uxllc af lks~} Ux~lic ~muo af fimb|~l Mke~liul us~isldme fblzmnmbms} Bli~k f~ag vlks|~l xi~skl~uX~anblgu tmsj Us~isldme Ibbmikelu ikc @amks Vlks|~lu

Akb} xi~smib eaks~ab ikc uji~lc x~afmsinmbms} Jmdj icgmkmus~ismvl eausu Xauumnbl bieo af fms ^muo af axxa~s|kmug Fa~lmdk @V i~l lvlk ga~l ~muo} c|l sa xaslksmib fa~ gmueagg|kmeismaku"

gmu|kcl~usikcmkdu ikc bieo af uji~lc okatblcdl ina|s sjl eakus~imksu af sjl lzsl~kib

lkvm~akglks

Us~isldme Cm~lesmak

Ulssmkd bakd'sl~g daibu ikc an`lesmvlu" bmol' gmuumak & vmumak Clfmklu sjl x|~xaulu fa~ tjmej ik a~dikmpismak lzmusu & axl~islu


39/45



Us~isld} Fa~g|bismak

Us~isld} mu ik a~dikmpismakib xbik af iesmak mkslkclc sa ieeagxbmuj daibu+ Ea~xa~isl us~isld} fa~g|bismak ~lfl~u sa cagimk clfmkmsmak" a~ sjl ejamel af n|umkluu

i~liu+ \u|ibb} clemclc n} sjl ELA ikc sjl NAC+

N|umkluu us~isld} fa~g|bismak mkvabvlu cagimk cm~lesmak ikc kivmdismak" a~ jat saeagxlsl mk i dmvlk i~li+ \u|ibb} clemclc n} UN\ jlicu & gikidl~u+

F|kesmakib us~isld} fa~g|bismak eaksimku sjl clsimbu af jat sjl f|kesmakib i~liu u|ejiu gi~olsmkd" axl~ismaku" fmkikel" ikc ~luli~ej uja|bc ta~o sadlsjl~ sa iejmlvl sjln|umkluu'blvlb us~isld}+

Us~isld} Mgxblglksismak ikc Eaks~ab

Us~isld} mgxblglksismak mkvabvlu e~lismkd sjl f|kesmakib us~isldmlu" u}uslgu"us~|es|~lu" ikc x~aeluulu kllclc n} sjl a~dikmpismak mk iejmlvmkd us~isldme lkcu+

Us~isldme eaks~ab~lfl~u sa sjl x~aeluulu sjis blic sa ic`|usglksu mk us~isldme cm~lesmak"us~isldmlu" a~ sjl mgxblglksismak xbik tjlk kleluui~}+

Us~isldme ~lus~|es|~mkd mkvabvlu i ~lkltlc lgxjiumu ak tjis ik a~dikmpismak calutlbb" eagnmklc tmsj i vi~mls} af siesmeu sa ~lvmsibmpl sjl a~dikmpismak ikc us~lkdsjlk msu

eagxlsmsmvl xaumsmak+

Ibsl~kismvl Xl~uxlesmvlu ak Us~isld} Clvlbaxglks

S~icmsmakib Us~isldme Gikidlglks X~aeluu

Ums|ismak Ikib}umu''Us~lkdsju" Tliokluulu" Axxa~s|kmsmlu ikc Sj~lisu *UTAS-Us~isldmlu uja|bc siol icviksidl af us~lkdsju ikc axxa~s|kmsmlu a~ kl|s~ibmpl a~

avl~eagl tliokluulu ikc sj~lisu

Lkvm~akglksib Clsl~gmkmug''sjl nlus us~isld} mkvabvlu icixsmkd sa lkvm~akglksib"slejkmeib ikc j|gik fa~elu

Us~isld} mu clbmnl~isl *ibti}u xbikklc ikc mkslkclc n} gikidlglks-N|umkluu Blvlb us~isldmlu

N|umkluu'Blvlb Us~isld} Fa~g|bismak ^luxakumnmbmsmlu

Cm~lesmak ulssmkdGmuumak" vmumak" lsjmeu" daibu Ums|ismak ikib}umuEagxmbismak ikc iuuluuglks af mkfa~gismak Ulblesmak af us~isldmluDlkl~me us~isld} *eaus blicl~ujmx" cmffl~lksmismak" nlus eaus"

fae|u- ikc us~isldme xaus|~l *uxlemfme us~isldmlu-

Gikidlglks af ~lua|~eluIey|mumsmak ikc!a~ clvlbaxglks af ~lua|~elu blicmkd saeagxlsmsmvl icviksidl

N|umkluu'Blvlb Us~isldmlu' D~atsj & Eagxlsmsmvl Us~isldmlu

D~atsj Us~isldmlu

Mkvlusglks mk ~lua|~elu sa iejmlvl d~atsj mk uiblu *iuu|gmkd sjl mkc|us~} mu iss~iesmvl- Mkvlusglksu avl~ smgl gi} mkvabvl i ~lclfmkmsmak!lzxikumak af a~dikmpismakib ueaxl Eakel~ku0 Iesmvmsmlu ikc ~lua|~elu sa mkvlus mk" mgxbmeismaku fa~ ueaxl ikc eagxblzms}"

ikc sjl smgmkd ~lbismvl sa eagxlsmsa~u


40/45



D~atsj Us~isldmlu

Mksl~kib Us~isldmlu Lzsl~kib Us~isldmlu

Gi~ols xlkls~ismakGi~ols clvlbaxglksIxxbmeismaku clvlbaxglksX~ac|es clvlbaxglks

Ja~mpaksib mksld~ismakIbbmikel fa~gismak

^isl is Tjmej Fm~gu Mks~ac|el Klt X~ac|esu a~ Lksl~ Klt Gi~olsu

X~auxlesa~u' Fm~us gavl~ Ikib}pl~u' Fabbat fm~us gavl~ tjlk axxa~s|kms} mu x~avlk

Clflkcl~u' Clflkumvl us~isld} ^liesa~u' Ka cmusmkes us~isld}

Eagxlsmsmvl Us~isldmlu'Vib|l x~axaumsmaku iuuaemislc tmsj dlkl~me eagxlsmsmvl

us~isldmluCmffl~lksmismak0Affl~ vib|l sa e|usagl~u n} x~avmcmkd sjlg x~lfl~~lc x~ac|es ! ul~vmelEaus blicl~ujmx0 Affl~ vib|l sa e|usagl~u n} x~avmcmkd sjlg tmsj i usikci~c x~ac|es a~

ul~vmel x~ac|elc is batl~ eaus *ikc s}xmeibb} affl~lc is i batl~ x~mel-Nlus eaus0 I eagnmkismak af sjl fm~us sta axsmaku+

Kasl0 sjlul us~isldmlu iuu|gl sjis sjl fm~g mu ullomkd i n~aic e|usagl~ niul+ Mf sjl fm~g mu

x|~u|mkd i xi~sme|bi~ gi~ols uldglks ms mu |umkd i fae|u us~isld}+

Cmffl~lksmismak

E~lisl Vib|l Sj~a|dj \kmy|lkluu

U|xl~ma~ Y|ibms}Mkkavismaku ikc ^luli~ejUxllc ikc Fblzmnmbms}^lx|sismak ikc N~ikc KiglE~lismvl icvl~smumkd

E|usagl~u G|us Nl Tmbbmkd sa Xi} Ga~l fa~ \kmy|lkluu

Icclc eausu vu+ mke~lglksib x~melEaus Blicl~ujmx

Iee|~isl Clgikc Fa~leiusmkd ikc Jmdj Eixiems} \smbmpismak Leakagmlu af Ueibl Slejkabadmeib Icvikelu Bli~kmkd!Lzxl~mlkel LfflesuS}xmeib Bli~kmkd!Lzxl~mlkel E|~vl

Nlus Eaus'Eagnmkismak af eaus blicl~ujmx ikc cmffl~lksmismak

Gi} ies|ibb} nl sjl cagmkiks us~isld} igakd sjl gaus u|eeluuf|b eagxikmlu saci}Lmsjl~0 Sjl uigl ~lua|~elu!iesmvmsmlu sjis ibbat eaus ~lc|esmaku ibua ibbat

cmffl~lksmismak+ *l+d+" i|sagismak sjis batl~u eausu ikc mgx~avlu uxllc ikc ul~vmel-+

X~afmsu f~ag eaus ~lc|esmaku i~l |ulc sa mkvlus mk cmffl~lksmismkd flis|~lu & vmel vl~ui+


41/45


ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag 5: igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

Mksl~kismakib Lzxikumak Siesmeu

Lzxa~smkd Bmelkumkd F~ikejmumkd @amks Vlks|~l D~llkfmlbc Vlks|~lDbanib X~ac|es!Gi~ols Us~isld}

G|bsmcaglusme X~ac|es!Gi~ols Us~isld} Dbanib X~ac|es!Gi~ols Us~isld} S~ikukismakib X~ac|es!Gi~ols Us~isld}Ea~xa~isl Us~isldmlu

Eakelks~ismak Vl~smeib Mksld~ismak \k~lbislc Cmvl~umfmeismak ^lbislc Cmvl~umfmeismakIcviksidlu af Eakelks~ismak

Giusl~ akl n|umkluu' Mk'clxsj okatblcdl" Liuml~ sa iejmlvl eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl A~dikmpismakib ~lua|~elu |kcl~ bluu us~imk X~lvlksu x~abmfl~ismak af gikidlglks blvlbu ikc usiff f|kesmaku Clxlkclks ak mkc|us~}" uaglsmglu ga~l x~afmsinbl sjik asjl~ us~isldmluCmuicviksidlu af Eakelks~ismak

^muo} mk |kusinbl lkvm~akglksu X~ac|es anuabluelkel ikc mkc|us~} gis|~ms} Eiuj fbat x~anblguSjl Vl~smeib U|xxb} Ejimk

Tjlk sa Vl~smeibb} Mksld~isl'Eaggak ~liuaku fa~ vl~smeib mksld~ismak

Mke~liulc eaks~ab avl~ y|ibms} af u|xxbmlu a~ sjl ti} sjl x~ac|es mu gi~olslc Nlssl~ mkfa~gismak ina|s u|xxbmlu a~ gi~olsu D~lisl~ axxa~s|kmsmlu fa~ cmffl~lksmismak sj~a|dj eaa~cmkislc lffa~s Axxa~s|kms} sa mke~liul x~afmsu n} xl~fa~gmkd ikasjl~ f|kesmak mk vl~smeib u|xxb} ejimkS~ikuiesmaku Eausu ikc Vl~smeib Mksld~ismakNiume X~axaumsmak0 Fm~gu uja|bc n|} f~ag gi~ols iu bakd iu s~ikuiesmaku eausu i~l bat+

S~ikuiesmaku eausu i~l ~lfbleslc n} sjl smgl ikc ~lua|~elu kllclc sa e~lisl ikc lkfa~eli eaks~ies sa x|~ejiul daacu ikc ul~vmelu+

Mf s~ikuiesmaku eausu i~l jmdj" sjl gi~ols fimbu sa x~avmcl sjl nlus clib S~ikuiesmaku eausu i~l jmdj *sjl gi~ols fimbu- mf0

Jmdjb} |kel~simk f|s|~l


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ttt+c~igms~ikdkloi~+eag 5= igms~ikdkloi~Hdgimb+eag

Akl a~ ugibb k|gnl~ af u|xxbml~u Akl xi~s} sa i s~ikuiesmak jiu ga~l okatblcdl ina|s sjl s~ikuiesmak sjik sjl asjl~ Ik a~dikmpismak jiu sa mkvlus mk ik iuuls sjis eik akb} nl |ulc sa x~ac|el i uxlemfme

daac a~ ul~vmel *iuuls uxlemfmems}-

\k~lbislc Cmvl~umfmeismak Bi~dl" jmdjb} cmvl~umfmlc fm~gu i~l eibblc eakdbagl~islu Kas i jmdj xl~fa~gmkd us~isld} fa~ gaus fm~gu *tmsj i flt kasinbl lzelxsmaku- mk

mkc|us~mibmplc kismaku bmol sjl \+U+

Cmffme|bs fa~ i sax gikidl~ sa |kcl~usikc ikc ixx~lemisl sjl ea~l slejkabadmlu" ol}u|eeluu fiesa~u ikc uxlemib ~ly|m~lglksu af liej n|umkluu i~li

^lbislc Cmvl~umfmeismak

Niulc ak sikdmnbl ikc mksikdmnbl ~lbislckluu Mk sjla~}" eik blic sa u}kl~d} *n|s u}kl~d} mu afslk mbb|umvl-

Afslk i jmdjl~ xl~fa~gmkd us~isld} sjik |k~lbislc cmvl~umfmeismak *batl~ ~muo ikc jmdjl~x~afmsinmbms}-

Eik blic sa ea~xa~isl'blvlb cmusmkesmvl eagxlslkemlu^ly|m~lglksu fa~ U}kl~d} E~lismak

^lbislckluu

Sikdmnbl''uigl xj}umeib ~lua|~elu fa~ g|bsmxbl x|~xauluMksikdmnbl''eixinmbmsmlu clvlbaxlc mk akl i~li eik nl |ulc lbultjl~l

FmsUs~isldme'gisejmkd af a~dikmpismakib eixinmbmsmlu'eagxblglksi~} ~lua|~elu & uombbuA~dikmpismakib''umgmbi~ x~aeluulu" e|bs|~lu" u}uslgu ikc us~|es|~lu

Gikidl~mib iesmaku sa uji~l ~lua|~elu ikc uombbu Nlklfmsu g|us a|stlmdj eausu af mksld~ismakUs~isld} Mgxblglksismak

sjl ~abl af blicl~ujmx mk u|eeluuf|b lzle|smak af us~isldmlu jat e|bs|~l ikc a~dikmpismakib lkl~d} mkfb|lkel u|eeluu af us~isld} mgxblglksismak f|kesmakib us~isldmlu ikc sjlm~ mgxa~sikel sa us~isld} mgxblglksismak sjl usidlu fm~gu lkea|ksl~ iu sjl} lzle|sl dbanib us~isldmlu niume a~dikmpismakib us~|es|~lu" ikc sjlm~ us~lkdsju ikc tliokluulu sjl vi~ma|u ~ablu xbi}lc n} fa~lmdk u|numcmi~mluFa|~ X~mgi~} ^luxakumnmbmsmlu af Blicl~u

Clumdk a~dikmpismakib x|~xaul" vmumak ikc ea~l vib|lu Clvlbax xabmemlu" us~isldmlu ikc us~|es|~l E~lisl ik lkvm~akglks fa~ a~dikmpismakib bli~kmkd Ul~vl iu i uslti~c fa~ sjl a~dikmpismak


43/45



Ums|ismakib Blicl~ujmx

Blicl~ujmx us}bl uja|bc fms sjl ums|ismak Lfflesmvl blicl~u lgxba} ~ikdl af us}blu' eal~emvl sa eaiejmkd sa eakulku|u'n|mbcmkd Gaus u|eeluuf|b blicl~u lzjmnms i jmdj cld~ll af lgasmakib mkslbbmdlkelA~dikmpismakib E|bs|~lIk a~dikmpismaku e|bs|~l" sjl u}uslg af uji~lc vib|lu sjis d|mclu lgxba}ll nlbmlfu ikc

nljivma~" mkfb|lkelu sjl u|eeluu af us~isld} mgxblglksismak+

Afslk ~lfblesu sjl vib|lu ikc blicl~ujmx us}blu af sax lzle|smvlu J^G x~iesmelu eik mkfb|lkel e|bs|~l ~le~|msglks" s~imkmkd" xl~fa~gikel lvib|ismakEjibblkdl af sjl F|s|~l

Slejkabadmeib icvikelglksu" mkeb|cmkd eagg|kmeismaku ikc sjl Mksl~kls Dbanibmpismak Nblkclc e|bs|~lu" cmvl~ul ikc ganmbl bina~ xaabu Klt eagxikmlu f~ag lgl~dmkd gi~olsu Ga~l lc|eislc" clgikcmkd e|usagl~u Mke~liulc eakel~k ina|s davl~kikel ikc uaemib ~luxakumnmbms}Ejibblkdlu fa~ gikidl~u0

~lsimkmkd vib|inbl lgxba}llu e~lismkd ikc x~lul~vmkd eagxlsmsmvl icviksidl jabcmkd nieo klt lks~iksu ul~vmkd mke~liumkdb} clgikcmkd e|usagl~u ejaaumkd ikc smgmkd slejkabad} mkvlusglksu is i smgl tjlk ejikdl mu ua ~ixmc gi`a~ ujaeou iuuaemislc tmsj sl~~a~mug" klt cmuliulu ikc ti~uN|umkluu Siesmeu *Us~isldme Gikidlglks" Iblz Gmbbl~-

Iksmemxisa~} Lkdidlglks

Afflkumvl X~llgxsmak

Xmakll~ Issieo Mksmgmcisl Eixs|~l

Issieo

F~aksib Fbiko D|l~mbbi Umldl

Clflkumvl Clsl~~lkel

^imul us~|es|~ib ni~~ml~u Lzxles ~lsibmismak Cmuea|~idl issieo Cmxbagisme xlielollxmkd

^luxakul

Ea|ksl~ issieo Fius fabbat ^ls~lkejglks Tmsjc~itib

Uelki~ma0 Ik mksl~kibb} eakumuslks vmlt af tjis sjl f|s|~l gmdjs s|~k a|s sa nl kas i

fa~leius" n|s akl xauumnbl f|s|~l a|seagl *Xa~sl~-+


44/45



Uelki~mau jlbx |u sa |kcl~usikc saci} nlssl~ n} mgidmkmkd saga~~at" mke~liumkd sjl

n~licsj af vmumak ikc lkinbmkd |u sa uxas ejikdl li~bml~ Lfflesmvl f|s|~l sjmkomkd

n~mkdu i ~lc|esmak mk sjl blvlb af e~mumu gikidlglks ikc mgx~avlu gikidlglks

eixinmbms}" xi~sme|bi~b} ejikdl gikidlglks+

D~atsj Us~isldmluSjl cmffl~lks ~a|slu sa d~atsj fibb n~aicb} mksa < axsmaku" n|s" sjl} i~l kas g|s|ibb}

lzeb|umvl ikc eik avl~bix+ Sjl} gi}nl bmgmslc n} ivimbinbl ~lua|~elu" n|s ~ly|m~l i ebli~fae|u ak an`lesmvlu ikc i u|usimklc blvlb af eaggmsglks+

A~dikme d~atsj Gl~dl~u ikc iey|mumsmaku Mksld~ismak Cmvl~umfmeismak Uxlemibmuismak

N|umkluu blvlb d~atsj us~isldmlu0 Klt x~ac|esu" klt gi~olsu" klt dlad~ixjmlu*Ikuaffu gaclb-


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Siolavl~ clflkul us~isldmlu

E~atk @ltlbu

I clflkul idimkus i siolavl~ mk tjmej i eagxik} ulbbu msu gaus x~lema|u iuulsu sa if~mlkcb} n|}l~+ Sjl u|msa~ sjlk cmuixxli~u umkel sjl si~dls af msu x|~u|ms jiu dakl

lbultjl~l ikc sjl eagxik} ~ln|}u msu iuulsu f~ag msu f~mlkc+

Xie'gik clflkul

I siolavl~" mk tjmej sjl si~dls nmslu nieo" ikc giolu ik affl~ sa siol avl~ sjl uji~lu af

sjl u|msa~+ Sjl kigl mu cl~mvlc f~ag i akel xax|bi~ vmcla digl+

Xamuak Xmbb

I ~ikdl af clvmelu clumdklc sa giol i siolavl~ |kxibisinbl sa sjl utibbatl~ *iey|m~l~-+

Ld ieeagxik} gmdjs na~~at i bi~dl u|g af gakl} mk a~cl~ sa cmus~mn|sl ms mgglcmislb}iu cmvmclkcu sa sjl eagxik}u uji~ljabcl~u? a~ ms gmdjs giol ik muu|l af x~lfl~~lc usaeo

sjis dmvlu uji~ljabcl~u sjl ~mdjs sa ~lcllg ms is i jlfs} x~lgm|g ifsl~ i siolavl~

Uea~ejlc Li~sj

Uji~o ^lxlbbiks

I uglbb x|s a|s n} i eagxik} sa clsl~ xaslksmib u|msa~u+ Ld Biolc ikka|kelglks ina|s i

ule~ls eaks~ies sa xi} gmbbmaku sa lzmusmkd gikidl~u uja|bc sjl eagxik} nl siolk avl~+

Uea~ejlc Li~sj clflkul

I clflkul idimkus i siolavl~ n} clus~a}mkd *a~ ulbbmkd- bi~dl xi~su af sjl n|umkluu" a~isblius lku|~mkd sjis sjl} tmbb nl clus~a}lc uja|bc sjl eagxik} sjis atku sjlg nl siolk

avl~+ I uagltjis c~iusme clflkul sjis mkvabvlu ik itoti~c m~ak}? tjis uja|bc }a| ca mf

ms u|eellcu" ikc sjl u|msa~ mu clsl~~lc1 Jat ca }a| giol d~iuu d~at idimk ak sjl

uea~ejlc li~sj1

Tjmsl Okmdjs

I fm~g tjmej ~lue|lu i eagxik} sjis mu mk sjl sj~alu af ik |ktlbeagl siolavl~+

Citk ^imc

Ik li~b} ga~kmkd x|~ejiul ak sjl usaeo gi~ols" af i bi~dl nbaeo af i eagxik}u uji~lu"n} ik mkvlusa~ tja jiu ik l}l ak siomkd avl~ sjl eagxik}+ Imglc is x~l'lgxsmkd ik}

asjl~ xaslksmib ~imcl~ f~ag dimkmkd i umgmbi~ us~ikdbljabc ak sjl siolavl~ si~dls+

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