A STUDY ON TRAVEL AND AIRTICKETING ACTIVITIES ON GLOBAL
VACATIONS TRAVEL AGENCY.A Project report submitted to Acharya
Nagarjuna University in partial fulfillment for the degree ofMASTER
OF TOURISM & TRAVEL MANAGEMENT
Submitted byK. MANI GRACE Reg No: Y8TT20016
Under the guidance of Prof. V.V.L. Narasimha Rao Department of
Tourism and Hospitality Management Acharya Nagarjuna University
Guntur.
i
A STUDY ON TRAVEL AND AIRTICKETING ACTIVITIES ON
GLOBAL VACATIONS TRAVEL AGENCY.A Project report submitted to
Acharya Nagarjuna University in partial fulfillment for the degree
ofMASTER OF TOURISM & TRAVEL MANAGEMENT
Submitted byK. MANI GRACE Reg No: Y8TT20016
Under the guidance of Prof. V.V.L. Narasimha Rao Department of
Tourism and Hospitality Management Acharya Nagarjuna University
Guntur.ii
DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT ACHARYA
NAGARJUNA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE NAGARJUNA NAGAR
CERTIFICATEThis is to certify that the, my project report has
TitledON A STUDY ON TRAVEL AND AIRTICKETING ACTIVITIES
GLOBAL VACATIONS TRAVEL AGENCY. Is a bonifide
work done and submitted by K. MANI GRACE (Regd.No.Y8TT20016) in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of MASTER OF
TOURISM AND TRAVEL MANAGEMENT from Acharya NagarjunaUniversity
Guntur during the period 2006-2008. Head of the
DepartmentProf.V.V.L.Narasimha Rao M.Com.PhD Head of the
department, Dept of Tourism &Hospitality Management Acharya
Nagarjuna University,Nagarjuna nagar, Guntur. (D.T)
Project GuideProf.Miss. J.J.L.R. Bharathi Devi Dept of Tourism
& Hospitality Management A.N.University,
Nagarjuna nagar Guntur. (D.T
DECLARATIONiii
I K. MANI GRACE student of MTTM at AcharyaNagarjuna University,
with registration number Y8TT20016, do here by declare that this
Internship report titled A STUDY ON GLOBAL VACATIONS TRAVEL AGENCY,
HYDERABAD has been prepared by me as partial fulfillment of the
MTTM programme.
I further declare that this Internship report has notbeen
submitted earlier to any other university or institute for the
award of any degree or diploma.
(K. MANI GRACE) (Reg No: Y8TT20016)
AKCNOWLEDGEMENT
iv
The satisfaction and pleasure that accompany the successful
completion of task would be incomplete without the mention of the
people who have made it possible and whose consent, guidance and
encouragement served as a guiding light for the completion of the
study. My special thanks to Mr.BHARATH sirManager & Trainer.
ANIL KUMAR- Managing Director. CHANDRA SEKHAR - General Manager,
GLOBAL VACATIONS TRAVEL AGENCY, Hyderabad, for giving me an
opportunity to do project in this esteemed company and sharing his
valuable views regarding the study. My special
thanks to my consult persons Ms.SUMA, and Mr.RAJ
KUMAR of GLOBAL VACATIONS TRAVEL AGENCY, HYD, forencouraging me
to do the project work. I would like to express my deep sense of
gratitude to my guide, Prof. V.V.L. Narasimha Rao, MASTER OF
TOURISM AND TRAVEL MANAGEMENT, Nagarjuna University for the
valuable
support, timely advices and encouragement. I would also like to
mention the valuable inputs given by other faculty members of my
college and also my colleagues at GLOBAL VACATIONS TRAVEL AGENCY,
Hyderabad. Without which this would not have been possible. I also
take this opportunity to thank my father Ravi Kumar, my cousine
Ms.Thabitha and my friends who have helped and guided me all the
way. (K. MANI GRACE)(Reg No: Y8TT20016)
v
CONTENENTS
CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Air ticketing and Tourism management.
CHAPTER 2
Objectives-methodology-limitations
CHAPTER 3 Company Profile
CHAPTER 4
Tour operations
CHAPTER 5 Tour packages CHAPTER 6
Summary
Conclusion Suggestions Bibliography
vi
CHAPTER 1
vii
INTRODUCT ION TO TOURISM &AIRTICKETIN G MANAGE MENTviii
:: INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM. ::THE DEFINITION: The International
dictionary of tourism, published in 1953 by the international
Academy of Tourism at Monte Carlo, points out that tour in English
in French means a journey, a circulative trip. The 19th century
defines tourist has people who travel for pleasure of traveling,
out of curiosity; and because they have nothing better to do, and
even for the joy of boasting about it afterwards. The WTO has
defined tourist as a temporary visitor staying for at least 24
hours in a country visited when the purpose of the journey can be
classified under one of the following headings:(a)
Leisure recreation, holiday, health, study, religion and
sports.
(b)
Business, family, missions meetings.
ix
Tourism is a pleasure activity in which money earned in ones
normal domicile is spent in places visited. 75% of international
travel and 50% of domestic travel account for pleasure, according
to the US study on travel in the eighties. The pattern has not
changed in the nineties. BASIC COMPONENTS: The force behind this
very complex activity encompassing a wide range of relationships in
tourism is a phenomenon of modern times. Understanding the meaning
and the nature of this phenomenon and its various components is
very essential. In order to understand tourism systematically, it
is necessary to know the various components which together make
tourism happen. Three of these are considered to be basic:(a) (b)
(c)
Transport, Attractions /Locale, Accommodation.
ELEMENTS OF TOURISM: In addition to the three basic components,
there are certain elements in ingredients, which are also crucial
to tourism.(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
Pleasing weather, Scenic attractions, Historical and cultural
factors, Accessibilities, Amenities.
NEWCOMPONENTS: -
x
Tourism comprises the activities of persons traveling to and
staying in places out side their usual environment for not more
than one consecutive year of leisure, business and other purposes.
The report distinguishes the following types of tourism:(a)
Domestic tourism involving residents of a country visiting their
own country.
(b)
Inbound tourism involving non-residents visiting a country other
than their own.
(c)
Outbound tourism involving residents of a country visiting other
countries. These three basic forms of tourism can in turn be
combined to
derive the following categories of tourism: (a) Internal
tourism, which comprises domestic tourism inbound tourism, (b)
National tourism which comprises domestic tourism and outbound
tourism, and (c) International tourism, which comprises inbound and
outbound tourism. Avisitoris defined as a person who travels to a
country other than that in which he has his usual residence but
outside his usual environment for a period not exceeding 12months
and whose main purpose of visit is other than the exercise of an
activity remunerated from within the place visited. and
Visitors are sub-divided into two categories:(1)
Same-day visitors:
xi
Visitors who do not spend the night in a collective or private
accommodation in the country visited.(2)
Tourists: -Visitors who stay for at least one night in a
collective or private accommodation in the country visited.
(3)
MOTIVATING FACTORS: In the course of history, motivation for
most travel has been fairly
obvious-religion, economic gain, war, escape, and migration. The
following may be listed as motivations to travel: Education and
culture: (a) (b) (c) (d)
To see how people in other countries live, work and play. To
enjoy scenic beauty and cultural sights. To gain a better
understanding of what goes on elsewhere. To attend special events/
festivals/ cultural functions.
Relaxation and pleasure: (a) (b) (c)
To get away from the routine of life. To have a good time away
from home. To have a romantic or exotic experience.
Ethnic: (a) (b) (c)
To visit places from where ones family came from. To visit
places where ones family or friends lived in the past. Indians
settled abroad and holding foreign passports keep on coming to
India again and again, swelling the no. of tourist arrivals in
India.
TOURISM DEVELOPMENTS IN INDIA: India is a land of contrasts-from
tropics to snow. The second most populous and the seventh largest
country in the world. India has the most
xii
ancient culture. It is vast, varied and strikingly beautiful.
The variety of its scenery, its incentive and equally varied
agriculture, its extremely diversified industry, its big cities and
thickly populated areas, its open country side, its ports, its
variety of languages and finally its manifold relations with other
nations of the world altogether makes India a fascinating
destination. India started taking interest in the modern concept of
tourism rather late in the day. The development of tourism in India
is a fascinating subject. The role of India tourism development
corporation (ITDC) in the early years of tourism development and
promotion in India is a case in point. Now, the state tourism
development corporations are providing similar services at state
level-even selling package tours. The role of government in the
regulation of tourism and aviation has increased in many other
countries. The role of state is very important. . Travel industry
is, therefore, a composite of organizations, both
public and private, that are involved in the development,
production and marketing of products and services to serve the
demands of the travelers.
AIR TICKETING
UNIT - III Basic Elements if Air Fares: An understanding of the
air fares requires the familiarity of certain basic elements. They
are: 1) class of service
xiii
2) Fare Basis 3) Rules and Regulations Class of Service: There
are three basic types of classes 1) First is first or premium class
2) Business connoisseur or ambassador class 3) Economy coach or
standard class. 1. First Class: In this service seats are
relatively spacious comfortable with lot of leg space. Superior
meals service is provided and alcoholic beverages are serviced free
of charge. 2. Business Class: These are less expensive than first
class, but comfortable and experience than economy class. 3.
Economy, Coach Class: Any seats are available in the economy class
and the passengers received a standard class of service. In the
class some tickets are sold on discount basis some seats in the
coach cabin are classified as undesirable seats for Ex. Seats which
do not have the full screen view, seats which do not decline etc.
These seats are generally allotted to the passengers who travel on
low fare basic or who check in late for boarding. Fare Basis: A
fare basis is a price category which is determined upon factors,
such as class of service, destination, season, day of the week. One
way or round trip, advance purchase and lunch of stay. Each fare is
indicated by a code no. the fare code consists of two types of fare
codes. 1. Primary Fare Codes 2. Secondary Fare Codes. The first
letter with the fare code indicates the primary fare code The other
letters indicate the secondary fare code Code P F A C/J K X CODES
AP CA Primary Fare Codes Primary Fares PREMIUM FIRST CLASS FIRST
CLASS DICOUNTED FIRST CLASS PREMIUM COACH (ECONOMY) DISCOUNT COACH
FREE TRAVEL SECONDARY CODES SECONDARY FARE CODES ADVANCE PURCHASE
DISCOUNT AND FARE FOR GOVT.
xiv
CD CH E G M NR PE R W Z
EMPLOYEE SENIOR CITIZEN DISCOUNT CHID FARE EXCURSION FARE GROUP
FARE MILITARY DISCOUNT NON REFUNDABLE ROUND TRIP STAND BY TRIP
WEEKEND FARE YOUTH FARE
Other Codes: The generally numbers are indicated for days of the
week. One for Monday, two for Tuesday, three for Wednesday, four
for Thursday, five for Friday, six for Saturday, seven for Sunday.
Air Transportation Taxes: A passenger has to pay different types of
taxes in addition to the basic fare the following of some of the
taxes. 1. Air Transportation Tax. 2. International Departure Tax.
3. Service Tax. 4. Sales Tax 5. Security Taxes. 6. Passenger
Facility Tax. 7. Refuelling Charges Taxes. Some of the Important
Taxes: 1. Sales Tax:- many countries charge sales tax on the ticket
sold. In some cases sales tax will revealed on the basic fare. And
some cases it is revealed on excess baggage charge and M C
O.;{Misleanious Charges Order}. 2. Airport Taxes:-These taxes are
lived on International passengers up on departure. 3. Customs User
fees:-These taxes are collected from International passenger upon
Arrival at a Destination. 4. Misleanious chargers:-It includes
different sub chargers like passengers like facilities chargers
refueling charge. Expansion of Airtime terminal construction of new
run away etc. Fare Rules: When the airlines offers discount to the
customers. They are called as discounted fares. The discounted
fares are are commonly governed with certain rules or
ristrictions.The lower fare more will be the rictriction.These
restriction are called as Fare rules. These rules fall into six
categories. 1. Minimum Maximum stays 2. Advanes Purchase 3.
Valiolity Dates 4. Combinability
xv
5. Routing 6. Penalities 7. Other Restriction 1.
Minimium,Maximium Stays:-For a around trip {go and flow} generally
discount is offered. But the discount fare is valid only between
two times periods between outbound ands return journey. The time
between these two times may be fixed as minimum stay or Maximum
stay. 2. Advance Purchase:-Some Airlines offer discount when the
ticket is purchased in advanced. When the ticket is called as super
saver 3. Valadity Dates:-some airlines allowed discount travel only
on certain dates. They may same that the discount is valid from a
date to a date. They may blackout certain dates or periods on which
they are will be very demand for seats. 4. Combinability:- A
passenger can be combine different discount fares on the same
flight by using different class fares for different segments. 5.
Routing:-When the discount fare is offered passenger has to travel
only on the route specified. He is not supposed to travel by any
other route. 6. Penalities:-for cancellations and change in the
itinerary penalties are imposed. In same cases discount fares are
non refoundable.In the event of death or illness of the passenger
the penalties are not imposed 7.Other Restrictions:-There will be
some other special conditions which may be imposed on discount
fares. A person or the passenger who is not sure of the date of
return journey by an open ticket. It means he can travel on any
available flight of the same airlines on a day which is convenient
to him. But he is supposed to conform his reservation or he must be
ready to travel as a stand by passenger. FARE CALCULATION One
Segment:-In the fare calculation we have to show how the total fare
is calculated by showing base fare and other airport charges and
Taxes. The total fare should be shown at the end. Example:- Base
fare Rs,8,000/Taxes 10% 8, 00 Total Fare 8,800 On the ticket the
fare is shown like, this. Example:-18 APLNO. A
I.LONDON.8000.800.TTL8800, INR. More than one segment:-A ticket can
be issued using a horizontal fare calculation Vertical fare
calculation. In the horizontal for each segment a separate line has
to be used. Example-Horizontal Fare Calculation:18 JULY AI 330
NDLLON QAPI4 INR 8,000 15 JULY BA 740 LON NYC MAPI4 INR 15,000
VERTICAL FARE CALCULATION:In the vertical fare calculation the fare
lader is written as fallows. 1. Date (first itinerary) 2.
Carrier/Flight(F.I) 3. Origin Point/Board Point(F.I) 4. Off Point
(F.I)
xvi
5. Primary Fare Code(F.I) Secondary Fare Code 6. Fare First
Itinerary Date (Second itinerary) Carrier (S.I) Origin Point (S.I)
Off point (S.I) Primary fare code, Secondary fare code (S.I) Fare
Second Itinerary. Four types of softwares are used for Air
ticketing 1. Galileo 2. Abacus 3. Amadeus 4. World Span Special Air
Fares:-The Airlines Something offers discount fares, special group
of customers. They are called as special Air fares.hey may be as
follow:Promotional Fares:-In times of unreason and low demand
routes the airlines may offer discount fare they encourage the
passengers to travel frequently. Group Fares:-In the Airlines
offers discount if the seats are booked in bulk. Generally they are
offered to tour operators, travel agencies Inventions, Conferences,
Event). Tour Fares:-These are discounted fares offered to tour
operators who garneted to purchase a specified number of seats on
particular a special number of seats on particular routs Military
Fares:- These are the fares offered to armed Forces who are going
on leave or going to homes after discharge from the service. Senior
Citizen Fares:-The passenger above 65 years is offered .They must
show the proof of age and carry the proof during the trip. Child
Fares:-Children between 2 to 12 years are offered discount. But
they must be accompanied by a fare paying adult. Unaccompanied
children are generally charged full adult fare. Ticket Issuance
Separate tickets issued for each fare paying passenger. On domestic
carriers a ticketing is not issued to an infant who will not occupy
a seat. On International flights a separate tickets is issued even
to the infant because a infant fare is charged.
Supply and Security Of Ticket:Before the system of E-ticketing
came to fare the ticket division of IATA used to supply the tickets
to the travel agents. The Travel Agency must get the stock from the
IATA for its 3 months requirement. The stock should be kept under
safe lock and key.
xvii
Ticket validation:The ticket is considered Valid only when all
the columns in the stamp of the travel agents is put on the ticket.
A special machine which is called as ticket Validators has to be
used o brings the details on the ticket. The ticket va;idetors
machine has to print the following details. (1) Airlines
Identification with its 3 digits numbered the place of issue , the
date of issue , the name and location and IATA number of the travel
agents must be printed on the ticket. With the E-ticketing system
the above requirement have became outdated and with the use of
software like Galileo, Abacus, Amadeus and World Span all these
details will be automatically printed on the computer generated
tickets. From July-12008-E-Ticketing has become Compulsory.
Guides Lines For Construction:The term Itinerarys a frequently
used term in Air Transportation .It includes all cities to be
covered by Air and also the surface transportation. Which is not
covered by Air? These are different types of Itineraries. 1.
One-way trip :-It means the journey to be covered between or among
two or more points. But it does not include Round Trip .Routing
consist of carriers class of service cities covered. 2. Round
Trip:-Round trip means travel from one point and return to the same
point by the same Air route. The term is also used It the out bound
journey is different from the in bound journey. 3. Circle trip or
Circle Route:-It means a trip starting from one point and coming
back to the same point by a circuitous Air route .It includes
around the world Air trips. 4. Open Jaw:-It means a route trip or a
circle trip are used only when Air transportation is used to cover
all the points. In the Round trip or circle trip if one segment or
the Itinerary is covered by surface transport. Lowest Combination
Of Fare Method:The Mileage system should be a desired itinerary
between two points is not included in the published material .These
are 3 methods of calculating the mileage system. 1. Maximum
Permitted Mileage:-It is the maximum distance between two points by
the Direct Fare. 2. Non-Stop Sector Mileage:-In any route the
non-stop sector mileage should be taken to calculate the fare
between two points to calculate the maximum fare.
xviii
3. Excess Mileage Surcharge:-It the total sector mileage is more
than the MPM (Maximum Permitted Mileage) Published table must be
used to calculate the Applicable Fare
xix
CHAPTER 2
xx
OBJETIVES METHODOLOGY LIMITATIONS
Objectives:Methodology:Limitations:-
xxi
xxii
CHAPTER 3
xxiii
Company profile
xxiv
CHAPTE R- 4xxv
TOUR PACKAGEA tour package is a total tourism product as it
generally includes, transport from the origin place to the
destination, accommodation at an en route place or at the
destination, and other recreational or travel
services.
xxvi
TOUR PACKAGEMEANING OF PACKAGE TOUR: The package holidays are
popularly known as a package Tour. The word Tour is refers to
package Tour and it is a vital segment of the worlds travel &
tourism Industry. It means a pre arrangement, prepaid trip that
combines two or more travel components Like Airfare, Airport
transfer, accommodation and other services. A package tour is a
total tourism product as it generally includes transport from the
origin place to destination, accommodation at an enrooted place or
at the destination and other recreational or travel services. These
components are purchased by an individual, firm or company called
the Tour Operator. He combines all the travel components in a
package and sells them at all inclusive prices to the clients. A
travel agency/tour operator deals with a variety of Tour packages;
catering to the diverse needs of tourists such as adventure beach,
architecture, cultural, business, Conference, incentive tours,
Ayurvedic packages, Buddhist religious, incentive tour, Special
interest tours, cruise tour, group tour, educational tour package,
heritage, Moments, wildlife, etc.
xxvii
TYPES OF PACKAGE TOUR: 1. Independent tours: -
Independent tours are prepared/formulated for these tourists who
want to travel independents. The components of such tours are air
travel, Air Transfer, accommodating, travel documents, sightseeing
boat riding, Entertainment and other travel services.2. Escorted
Tour: -
When an Agency induces the services of as well educated and
trained tour Manager in its package tour it is called an Escorted
Tour.3. Hosted Tours: -
A hosted tour means when an agency utilizes the services of
another agency at a particular destination. A hosted tour provides
the tourist maximum level of pre-arranged and personalized services
every destination.4. Incentives Tours: -
It is a motivational program or a fully paid holiday which is
even to the Employees by the enterprises as a reward to when in
maintaining there Track record, to increase output, improve image
and moreover to earn the Long period loyalty of the employee. The
packages offered by a tour Company such as a custom tour an
excursion tour, adventure and special Interest package tours.5.
Excursion Tours: -
These are the brief tours such as sightseeing tours that can be
sold by it or added on to other travel products. Excursion
tours
xxviii
are conducted by air, boat, bus, and rail. Limousine and even
taxicabs. The length of Excursion tour ranges from hours to days if
an overnight is required Accommodation may be packaged with
transportation. Most excursions.
PACKAGE TOURS IN GLOBAL VACATIONS TRAVELS(A) PREPARATION /
PLANNING OF PACKAGE TOURS: Packaging a tour is the most challenging
Job of a tour operator. Tour-Operator combines and co-ordinates the
diverse, components of the Tourism infrastructure to create a
package or a service, the tour Operator Does not necessarily have
any product of his own but act as an Intermediary to tailors. A
group inclusive term includes air and surface transportation, hotel
accommodation, guide services, sightseeing, excursions, entrance
fees at monuments and place of visit. The package Tours are printed
in the form of brochures along with a detailed itinerary, terms and
condition, the tour price, type of hotel Accommodation and quality
of services etc. The tour operator offers a Price advantage because
he obtains special rates from airlines, transport Companies. It is
depend upon the performance & demand of company against bulk
purchase/business the planning of a package tour requires
Creativity blended with innovation and good tour management.
xxix
(B) TOUR DESIGN: The businesses of package Tour involve great
risks, high quality products and competitive prices. The tour
manager has to take the biggest responsibility, imitativeness,
imagination and innovation coupled with a lot of business
activities which range from finding new exotic designations and
planning, organizing or promoting such tour.
(C) ITINERARY PREPARATION OF A PACKAGE TOUR: The cost of a
package tour is often lower than the combined costs of the same
services if purchased separately. Some tour wholesalers offer tour
basis fares, special group airfares, from selected origin points.
Tour basis fares are usually lower than the airfares that are
offered to the general public by the airlines. These special fares
are subject to restrictions such as departure date, carriers, and
time limits on reservations and ticketing. Generally package tours
have two basic rates.(i)
Double Rate: A double rate applies if two people are booked
together in the same reservation and will share the same
accommodation. The rate applies for each traveler. In some cases, a
reduced rare is offered for a third or fourth traveler sharing the
same accommodations.
(ii)
Single Rate: This rate is applied to unaccompanied travelers Who
do not wish to share their accommodations? The single rate is
usually higher than the double rate for the same accommodations.
The reason for this discrepancy is that hotel
xxx
rooms are usually priced on the basis of double occupancy. If a
room will be occupied by one person, a higher rate is applied to
offset the loss of revenues from not having two people occupy the
room. On some tours, a discount rate is available for single
travelers who are willing to share accommodations with another
traveler of the same sex. ITINERARY PREPARATION:--
Itinerary is designed to identify the origin, Destination and
allthe en route stopping points along with transportation,
accommodation and other services a travelers trip. This is a
significant part & first step in making tour package. It is a
primary layout of a tour package which shows following things.
Departure point, Stop over point (destination point), Enrooted
stopping points, Transportation, Accommodation & various
services & activities. Making an itinerary is a comprehensive
job. Before itinerary planning following things must be considered.
Purpose of Tour. Choice of destination. Prepare Tour Programme.
Tour budget. Calculate No. of days for Accommodation. Calculate No.
of Kilometers for Transportation
xxxi
Legal requirements & Itinerary planning tools as Timetables.
Travel Information Manual. ABC Travel Guide. World Hotel Guide. The
Official Rail Guide. World Wide Cruise & Steamship Guide.
(D) BROUCHER RELEASING: In Southern Travels, New Delhi there
more than 16 conducted tours are running and covers north India and
south India. There are conducted tours are pilgrimage tours and
leisure tours, etc. The clear views of tours in southern travels
are attached in next pages
Tour package Booking: Customers can book tour package directly
or through Travel Agent. They can also see and book the tour
package through Internet (www.southerntravelsindia.com). They can
also book tour packages to
North India or South India from different branches of travel
agency like Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Mumbai, Vijay Wada and
Visage.
(E) SINGLE SUPPLEMENT: If a package tour does not have a single
rate, and addon charge called a single supplement is applied to
unaccompanied travelers. In some case, unaccompanied travelers are
required both to pay a single supplement and to share a room with
another unaccompanied traveler. The package tour price depending on
two factors:
xxxii
(). (ii).
The number of persons sharing the accommodations, and,
The desired room category. The tour cost is calculated by
multiplying
desired rate by the number of adults per room. For instance;
assume two travellers select superior/deluxe category
accommodations. Both travelers will share accommodations, and
therefore, the double rate applies. The single rate for the same
category of room may be about 50 percent, higher than the double
rate for one traveler. In some cases the single twice as high as
the double rate.
(F) TOUR BOOKING: On coming any booking for tour booking
transportation at a place, the travel agency provided
transportation at that place to ask the available of client
requirement. It client requirement will be available on that day
confirm the booking to that which has ordered the booking of
transport service. After getting confirmation of booking they issue
a voucher to client. Client goes with voucher and tally on that
time after tallying they provide every service required in the
v
Conducted Tour Ticket: - Conducted tour Ticket is the
documentswhich use to give to the tourist to having the information
to it also for the company having information of customer regarding
particular tour. These document include,
xxxiii
BOOKING TOUR TICKET: Client Name File Number Agent Name / Direct
Destination & Date of Travel PAYABLES AIR / TRAIN TICKETS
TRANSPORT HOTELS
COST SHEET File Handler Invoice No.
Accounts Verification COSTED ACTUALS BILL NO.
GUIDES AND ENTRANCES / MISCELLANEOUS TOTAL COST
xxxiv
MARK-UP RECEIVABLES Total Quoted PROFIT / LOSS Signed by File
Handler: ___________________________ Actual Bills verified by
Accounts and entered into tally: File Closed: ___________________
QUOTED ACTUAL RECEIPT NO.
xxxv
CHAPTER -5
xxxvi
KeralaIntroduction
Palm-fringed beaches, endless paddy fields, rolling hills,
backwaters that Snake past tiled-roof houses and spotless village
roads: Kerala is a land of unmatched Beauty.malayali society is
unique, boasting a highly literate population, a sex ratio Favoring
women, matriarchal sub-societies and a people unfettered by the
divisions of Caste and creed.
xxxvii
Add vibrant arts and colorful festivals, ancient shrines and
delectable Cuisine, and Kerala is a must stop destination.
xxxviii
KeralaArea: 38,863 sq.km. Capital: Thiruvananthapuram
Population: 31,838,619 Density: 819 (persons per km) Districts: 14
Urban population: 25.97% Life expectancy: Men-71.67% Birth rate:
16.9/1000 Death rate: 6.4/1000 Infant mortality: 10/1000 Fertility:
1.8 Literacy: 90.92% Sex ratio: 1058(w) Per capita income: $572
xxxix
Language: Malayalam, English.
Figures: 2003.
Places of Interest:1.Kasaragod.
2.Kannur.
3.Kalpetta.
4.Kozhikode.
5.Malapuram.
6.Palakkad.
7.Thrissur.
8.Ernakulam.
xl
9.Painavu.
11.Alappuzha.
12.Pathanamthitha.
13.Kollam.
14.Thiruvananthapuram.
How to Reach Kerala:Referred to as God's own Country, Kerala is
a major tourist destination in India and is well connected with
other parts of the country. Also being a popular destination in
India and the world tourism map, How to reach Kerala is a commonly
asked question. Getting to Kerala has never been as easy. A modern
and progressive state with a cosmopolitan look, Kerala is
accessible quite easily. Well connected by all major systems of
transport, is now one of
xli
the most sought after travel destinations in the world. Cochin
is the main seaport opening out into the Arabian Sea. Traveling to
is a whole new experience, educative and enriching, rejuvenating
and fulfilling. Heres wishing you a very warm welcome to a
beautiful land and its equally beautiful people.
An important tourist destination among Indians and foreigners is
very well connected by air, rail and road.
Air: There are three airports in the state - Thiruvananthapuram,
Kochi and Kozhikode. Thiruvananthapuram is also an international
airport, connecting the state to many places in India and the
world. Thiruvananthapura International Airport
Domestic flights (direct): From/To: Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore,
Chennai International flights (direct): From/To: Colombo, Maldives,
Dubai, Sharjah, Bahrain, Doha, Ras-al-Khaimah, Kuwait, Riyadh,
Fujairah and Singapore. Karipur Airport, Kozhikode
Domestic flights (direct): From/To: Mumbai, Chennai,
Coimbatore
xlii
International flights (direct): From/To: Sharjah, Bahrain,
Dubai, Doha,Ras-al-Khaimah,Kuwait,Riyadh,Fujairah
Cochin
International
Airport,
Nedumbassery
Domestic flights (direct): From/To: Mumbai, Chennai, Goa,
Agathi, Bangalore . Airline Departure Arrival Duration Price
DEPARTUREIndian Airlines IC-465 New Delhi Cochin at 17:30
JetAirways 9w-332 Via: Mumbai at 06:50 at 15:25 8:35Hrs Rs:37,190
at 20:30 3:0:hrs Rs.34,615
Kingfisher IT-201 Via: Bangalore Indigo 6E-305 Via: Hyderbad
Jetlite S2-255 at 12:30 RETURN Jet Airways at 008:30 at 12:55
4:25:Hrs Rs:8,628 at 15:30 3:00Hrs Rs:6,648 at 12:15 at 16:20
2:15Hrs Rs: 6,672 at 6.45 at12: 40 2:30Hrs Rs: 10,003
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International flights (direct): From/To: Sharjah, Dubai, Abu
Dhabi, Bahrain,Riyadh,Muscat .
Rail: There are around 200 railway stations in Kerala connecting
most of the places in the state to places in the other parts of
India and inside the state. Long-distance express trains connect
important places in the state to places outside Kerala like Mumbai,
New Delhi, Chennai and Kolkata. Road: An extensive network of
metalled roads connects most of the places in the state. National
highways 47, 17, and 49 connect Kerala with other parts of India.
Water: From Cochin, there are regular ships venturing towards the
Lakshadweep, Island.
TOURIST DESTINATIONS IN KERALA I.Kasaragod: Kasaragod was famous
from time immemorial and Arab travelers who came to Kerala in 9th
and 14th centuries AD had visited Kasaragod. The name, kasaragod is
said to be derived from the word kusirakood meaning nuxvomica
forests (kanjirakultom). Kasargod is rich in folk-culture, visual
arts and festivals. Kasargod is rich in folk-culture, visual arts
and festivals.
Places of attraction: -
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Bekal fort It is the largest and best-preserved fort in kerala.
It was built by Sivappa Naik of the Ikkeri dynasty, the fort
changed hands over the years, going to the Kalahari Rajas, the
Vijayanagar Empire, Tippu sultan and finally the British East India
company .Now its is included in the Central Government Historical
place. Today the Bekal fort and its surroundings is fast becoming
an international tourist destination and a favorites shooting
location for film makers. Near the fort there is a beautiful beach
residing and it is recognized as one of the beauties beach. A
mosque and a Hanuman temple are located at the entrance of the fort
as a symbol of religious harmony. Nithyanandasram Swami Nithynada
founded it. It is near to Hsdurg Taluk office. Here Swami
Nityananda constructed 45 guhas. One of the attractions
Nithyanadasram is full size statue of Swami Nithyanda made of
Pnjaloha. Anandasram It was found by Swami Ramadas in 1939.It is
about 5km from Kanhangad Railway station. There is a hill to the
east of the asramam and west, surrounded by landscape. Edneer
mutt
xlv
It is about 10Kms away from Kasargod town. This Mutt belongs to
the Sankaracharya tradition.
Kanjan junga It is about 16Kms away from Kasaragod towards
Sallie road. It is an artist village establish by artist
Punichithaya, the renowned artist of the west cost.
Kottancheri hills An ideal place for picnic and trekking. 30Kms
away from Konnakkad North-East of Kanhangad. Beautiful and natural
rain forest. A real reflection of original beauty of
Kodaikanal.
Chandragiri fort It is 4kms away from Kasaragod town. Shivappa
Naik constructed it in 17th century. The longest railway tunnel in
Kerala passes through Chandragiri Hills.
Ranipuram
xlvi
It is about 48Km away from Kanhangad. It is formally Known as
Modathumalla.It is known as Ooty of Kasaragod.it is situated 780m
above sea level. An ideal place for trekking.
Povvalfort It is about 10kms away from kasaragod town. It is
near to LBS College of engineering.
Kanwatheertha beach resort: -3 Km. North of Manjeshwar It has a
large swimming pool lake, and a beach of 4 Km. lengths. The
swimming pool is formed by sea water in the neat vast beach is one
of the gifts of nature.
Kasaragod town Kasaragod is an important business centre.
Pepper; copra and cashew nuts are the important commodities
Transported from here. Kasaragod is one of the minor ports of the
district. There are number of educational institutions in the
town.
II.Kannur.
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Cannanore or more appropriately kannur it known today is a place
with a rich history right from the time of the Aryan migration. The
word kannur may have evolved from a village named kannathur around
which the Modern town of kannur grew. Kannur is a place with
history right the time of the Aryan migration. With the Western
Ghats in the east (coorg district of Karnataka), Kozhikode and
wayanad district in the south, Lakshadweep in the west and
kasaragod in the North, Kannur is bounded by a wealth of National
beauty. A popular holiday destination in keralatoday Kannur has
contributor to the cultural, religious, political and industrial
heritage of kerala. The several attractions for tourists to visit
when they travel to Kannur. Kannurs days of glory were under the
kolathiri Rajas, and its importance as a spice trading port was
noted by Marco Polo. From the 15th century, various colonial
powers.
Places of Attractions ST.Angels fort:
xlviii
St. Angelo Fort was built in 1505 by Sir Francisco de Almeida,
the first Portuguese Viceroy of India and is on the Arabian sea
about 3 km from Kannur town. There is a sea pathway behind the
fort, stretching a kilometer or two into the sea.
Payyambalam beach: Payyambalam beach is the famous beach in
Kannur town. It has an unbroken coastline of a few kilometres. From
the beach, one can see ships in transit along the Malabar coast,
that is, beyond
calicut(kozhikode)and moving towards Mangalore, Goa and Bombay
(Mumbai). The well laid out garden and the massive landscaped
sculpture of mother and child erected by noted sculptor Kanayi
Kunhiraman makes it extremely captivating.
Kannur town: The major business establishments, government
offices,shopping centres, hotels, and showrooms are located in
Kannur town.
Kannur city:
.
The kannur city centre is a prominent shopping centre on fort
road.
xlix
Arakkal museum: Arakkal museum,located in Ayikkara, is a museum
dedicated to the arakkal family,the only Muslim royal family in
Kerala
Dharma Dam Island: Dharma Dam Island was Small Island. Which is
situated in the sea like a green spot just 100m away from shore,
becomes a blissful experience to tourists.
III.KALPETTA: Kalpetta is a city and a municipality in Wayanad
district in the Indian state of Kerala. It is a small town
surrounded by dense coffee plantations and mountains. Places of
attraction: Sultan Bathery Sultan Butchery, also known as Sultans
Battery lies approximately 25 kms. From Kalpetta. Associated with
Hider Ali and Tipu Sultan, Sultans Butchery no longer has a fort.
It is worth visiting for the Jain temple, which has some
interesting stone carvings. Sultan Butchery can be seen on a drive
from Kalpetta to Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, Muthanga
l
Edakkal caves- (12 kms from Sultan Butchery). 3 caves are
located at a height of 1000 mts on Ambukuthi mala near Ambalavayal.
Glass temple, KoottamunduThis temple is located on the slopes of
Vellarimala and is dedicated to Parshwanatha Swami of the Jain
faith. The mirrors inside the temple wall reflect images of the
icons in the temple's sanctum sanctorum. Wayanad: The natural
scenic beauty of Wayanad and its rich natural resources offer
several opportunities for adventure tourism. The hills rocks and
valley, which make the very unique character of Wayanad, provide a
lot for catering to the ever-increasing demand for adventure
tourist.
Chembra peak Trekking to the Chembra peak is one of the risky
tourist endeavours. Chembra peak is the highest peak in Wayanad at
2100m. Above mean sea level. It is14 kms. West of Kalpetta.
Trekking to the top of this peak takes almost a day. Tourists can
also stay one or two days at the top of the peak in temporary
camps. District Tourism Promotion Council provides guides, sleeping
bags, canvass huts trekking
li
implements on hire charges to the tourists. The scenic beauty of
Wayanad, which is visible from the top of Chembra, is very
challenging and thrilling. The blue-eyed water in the lake at the
top of the hill never dries up even in the peak of summer. All
along the steep and slippery way to the top of the hill, the
whispering of the flowing spring that sprouts from the top of the
hill accompanies the tourist. If he is fortunate enough, on his way
he may come across a passing wild beast, may be a leopard who may
instantly hide behind the bushes. Camping in the night with
campfire and sleeping bags at the top of the peak in shivering cold
is everlasting experience.
Pakshipathalam Pakshipathalam in Brahma Geri hills at Thirunelly
is a challenging tourist spot. It is 7 kms. Northeast of Thirunelly
temple and is situated 1740m. Above mean sea level. To reach
'Pakshipathalam', 17 kms. Have to be covered through wild forest.
The deep rock caves formed among the thick blocks of rocks at the
northern top end of the Brahmagiri is the abode of various birds
and wild beasts. To go to 'Pakshipathalam' special permission has
to be obtained from forest department. DTPC (District Tourism
Promotion Council) arranges vehicle, guides, camping apparatus etc.
to the tourists on hire charges.
lii
Meenmutty
Water
Fall
12 kms. East of Meppadi. Water falls to a depth of more than
500m. In 3 steps. Trekking equipments are available at Tourist
Information Centre, Kalpetta. Rivers: Kabani River, one of the
three east flowing rivers of Kerala, is an important tributary of
the river Cauvery. Kabani and its tributaries constitute a powerful
river system in the landscape of Wayanad. Panamaram rivulet takes
its origin from the perennial lake called, 'Pookode Lake. It flows
swiftly through mountain gorges and joined by other streams,
tumbles down into Panamaram valley. Six kilometers further from
Panamaram, this river joins with the Mananthavady rivulet,
originating from the lower regions of the peak 'Thondarmudi'. From
this confluence onwards, the river is known as Kabani, a mighty,
perennial river that after entering Karnataka State, joins with the
river Cauvery. The Kabani River and its tributaries, namely,
Panamaram River,
Mananthavady River and Thirunelli River, drain almost entire
Wayanad. How to reach Nearest airport is Calicut (Kozhikode), which
is approx. 80kms away. Nearest railway station is Calicut.
liii
Waynad is well connected by road.
IX.Kozhikode: Kozhikode the third largest urban agglomeration
and the third largest city in kerala. According to data compiled by
economics research firm indicusAnalytics on residences, earnings
and investments, Kozhikode ranked ass the second best city in
India. To reside in. Indicus consider six parameters-Health,
Education, Environment, Safety, Public facilities and
Entertainment- for preparing their Reside-in index of livability.
Tourist Attractions Kozhikode beach: The beauty and serenity of
Kozhikode beach is not yet exploited to develop it into a tourist
center. Two sea piers almost 125years old extending well inside the
sea are a specility.
Beypore: Beypore is famous for its ancient shipbuilding
industry. It is one of the important ports of kerala and
naturality, an important trading centre.
X.MALAPURAM: -
liv
Malapuram district is a district of kerala. The district
headquarters is at Malapuram.
Places of attraction Nilamber: This is an important halting for
tourists on route to ooty, a trading centre in hill products and is
well known for its teak plantations, said to the oldest in the
world in the world and a well designed teak museum, which traces
the history and uses of the wonder wood. Thirunavaya: The ancient
and famous temple on the banks of the of the Bharathapuzha
dedicated to Lord Shiva was the traditional venue of the ritual of
Mamankaman enactment of traditional marital arts by suicide
squads.
Ayurveda kottakkal: 13km from Malapuram is the premier centre
for the traditional classical Indian medical system of
Ayurveda.
Kadalundi Bird Sanctuary: -
lv
Over a 100 varieties of native bird and over 60 varieties of
birds flock here.
migratory
XI.Palakkad: Palakkad is the gateway of kerala due to the
presence of Palakkad Gap, in the Western Ghats.The district nick
named the granary of kerala. The name is a fusion of two Malayalam
words, pala, a tree (alstonia scholars) that is a found abundantly
in palakkad, and kadu, which means forest.
Places of attraction: Silent valley: The core of the Nilgiri
Biosphere Reserve, it probably is one of the magnificent gifts of
nature to mankind. Silent valley is a unique reserve of tropical
rain forest in all-pristine glory with an almost unbroken
ecological history. Above an altitude of 2000mtr with an area of
90sq.km.It has fair representation of rare spices of Flora and
Fauna. Visiting time: -6.00am -6.00pm. Transportation: -A mini bus
and jeep.
lvi
Neeliyampathi:-It is a hill station in the Neeliyampathy forests
ranges.
Palakad fort: -The British Colonial Fullerton stormed the fort
in 1784.Itis also known as Tipus fort.
XII.Thrissur: - (TRICHUR/TRISSUR)
It is situated in the center of kerala. It is known as the
cultural capital of kerala. The city is also a major financial
and
commercial hub. It is famous for the Thrissur Pooram (festival)
and has a large number of well-known temples.
Guruvayur (Pilgrim Centre) Thrissur is a good base for a pilgrim
trip to Guruvayur, 32km away. It is Among India's most important
pilgrimage centers and is also known as the Dwaraka of the South.
The Sree Krishna Swamy Temple, which attracts thousands of pilgrims
is said to date prior to the 16th century.
lvii
Tradition has it that Guru -the preceptor of the Devas, and Vayu
- created the temple the lord of the Winds. Altitude: - sea level
Temperature :-(deg c)Summer Winter max 35 max 32.3 min 22.5 min
20
Rainfall: - 254 cms Best season :-October to march Reach: By
air: - The nearest airport cochin-100 kms is connected with
Bangalore, Bombay Delhi, Goa, Chennai, and Trivendrum. By rail:
-Nearest railhead is trichur 29 kms. By road: -78 kms-cochin,
coimbatore-114 kms, trichur-29 kms, kalady-65 kms, palaghatkms. 67
kms, malampuzha-109 kms, and trivendrum-294
Places of interest Guruvayur shree Krishna temple: -
lviii
The temple is dedicated to Krishna known here as Guruvayurappan
or the Lord of Guruvayur, and the idol is said to have been
worshipped by Lord Brahma himself at Dwaraka.
Punnathur Kotta: Near Guruvayur, 2km away, is 'Punnathur Kotta',
the place where the temple elephants (numbering over 40) are taken
care of. Nowhere else can so many elephants be seen at any one
time.
Art Museum: Within the zoo compound is the small Art Museum,
which has a good collection of woodcarvings metal sculptures,
Kathakali figures, and ancient jeweler. There is also a wonderful
collection of traditional Kerala lamps. Cheruthuruthy (Kerala
Kalamandalam): North of Thrissur, 29km away near the Shoranur
Railway Junction is Cheruthuruthy, home of the renowned repository
of the tradition of the Kathakali dance form. It is in this academy
that the best of Kerala's Kathakali performers get their rigorous
training. The institution also offers training in music, drama, and
other dance forms including Mohiniyattam, Koodiyattam and Ottam
Thullal.
lix
Vadakkumnathan Temple: This temple is a classic example of the
Kerala style of architecture. The temple contains the sacred
shrines of Paramashiva, Parvathy,
Sankaranarayana, Ganapathy, Sri Rama and Sri Krishna. The
central shrines and Koothambalam exhibit exquisite vignettes carved
in wood. Trissur Pooram: The grandest temple pageantry in kerala is
celebrated here in April-may every year.
Zoo: For the animal enthusiasts, Thrissur boasts a zoo, 2km from
the town centre. Within the 13.5 acres of the compound live a
variety of fauna like the lion tailed macaque, sloth bear, species
of birds and deer. The snake park has a reptilian collection of
King Cobras, Kraits, Vipers and Rat Snakes.
VIII.ERNAKULAM:-(QUEEN OF ARABIAN SEA)
One of the finest natural harbors on the Arabian Sea coast,
Kochi, earlier known, as Cochin has been a port of call for foreign
traders from early
lx
times. Its cosmopolitan character is reflected in the buildings
and structures representing different regions of the world. A city
of peninsulas and islands, today it is Kerala's commercial hub.
Kerala's prime tourist destination, it spreads across islands and
promontories in a stunning location between the Arabian Sea and
Backwaters. Its main sections: modern Ernakulam in the east and the
old districts of Mattancherry and Fort Cochin on a peninsula in the
west are linked by a complex system of ferries.
Cochin: Cochin was once the major center of commerce and trade
with the British, Arabs, Chinese, Portuguese, and Dutch etc.
Climate - Ernakulam (K ochi) Mean Max: 32.6 C. 21.4C. Rainfall
rainfall (annual): 344 cm Mean Min:
General Information - Ernakulam (Kochi) Area Population Clothing
2997 sq.km 2,251,727. tropical cottons
lxi
Location Main attraction Best time Altitude
North Malabar Area (Kerala) fort st.angelos, arakkal palace.
August to March. sea level.
How To Get There - Ernakulam (Kochi) By Rail: Kannur railway
station is an important rail head of the Southern Railway and is
well linked to major towns up country as well as within the State.
By Road: Kannur is accessible by road. Ferries: Ferry service is
available for travel between the island towns. Local Transport:
Taxis, city buses and auto rickshaws.
Prime attraction of ernakulam. Bolghatty Palace A Scenic island
near the city of Ernakulam, Bolghatty is famousforthe Bolghatty
Palace built by the Dutch in 1744 AD. Dutch Palace Originally built
by the Portuguese in the mid-16th century, the Dutch Palace or
Mattancherry Palace is located at Mattancherry. It was
lxii
presented to the Kochi Maharaja in 1555 AD and later taken over
by the Dutch who carried out repairs and extended it further.
Jewish Synagogue The oldest synagogue in India, the prosperous
Jewish community whose links with Kerala began in Kodungalloor in
northern Kerala built it in 1586 AD. Aattachamayam The festival of
Attachamayam is held on the Atham day of the Malayalam month of
Chingam (August/ September), at the historical town of
Tripunithura, near Kochi. Cheeyappara Waterfalls The Cheeyappara
and Valara waterfalls are located between
Neriamangalam and Adimali on the Kochi - Madurai highway. The
Cheeyappara Falls cascades down in seven steps. Chottanikkara
Temple Chottanikkara temple, located near Ernakulam enshrines
Bhagawati - the mother Goddess, one of the most popular deities
Cochin Carnival
lxiii
Cochin Carnival is a merry making feast observed during the last
week of every year in Fort Kochi in Kerala. The carnival dates back
to the Portuguese New Year revelry held here during the colonial
days. Edapalli Perunal The feast at the ancient Roman Catholic
Church of Edapalli Perunnal is situated on the National Highway (NH
47) between Ernakulam and Alluvia. Indira Gandhi Boat Race Indira
Gandhi Boat Race is a grand fest on the rolling backwaters of
Kochi. Conducted in the last week of December, it is a fitting
finale to the Tourism Fair. Jewish Festival The Jews of Kerala are
believed to have migrated to this place in the first century
following the destruction of the second temple of Jerusalem in 72
AD. Kanjiramattom Festival The festival of 'Kodikuthu' is
celebrated on the 14th of January each year, in Kanjiramattom
Mosque, 25 kms from Ernakulam.
Kodungaloor Bahraini
lxiv
Kodungalloor, 50 kms north of Kochi, was the ancient port town
of Muziris or Carmagnole. Goddess Bhagavathi is the presiding deity
of the ancient temple here. The Bahraini Festival, which falls in
the Malayalam month of Meehan (March/ April) attracts the largest
congregation of 'Velichappadu' (Oracles), including women from
different parts of the State. Malayatoor Perunal The feast or the
'Perunnal' at the famous Catholic Church at Malayatoor is
celebrated on the Sunday after Easter, in the months of
March/April. Santa Cruz Basilica Church Close to the St. Francis
church, it is Roman Catholic Church, which was also built by
Portuguese. It has a beautiful collection of paintings and a
decorative ceiling, despite having suffered severe damage when the
British fought with the Dutch to take control of Kochi. St. Francis
Church Built in 1503 by Portuguese Francis an Friars, this is the
India's oldest European church. Thalassery Fort Thalaserry fort,
located at a distance of 22 kms from Kannur constructed in 1708 AD
was the military centre of the British.
lxv
Munnar One of the best hill stations of South India - is
situated at a height of 1600 m from Sea Level. Situated at the
confluence of three mountain streams, this hill station was once
the summer capital of the British Government in South India.
Sprawling Tea Plantations, small towns and beautiful houses make
this a popular hill station. Munnar is also famous for exotic flora
like Neelakurunji, which blooms once in 12 years. Anamudi, the
highest peak of south India is situated in this area and is an
ideal place for Trekking.
Places to see Mattupetty Is famous for its highly specialized
Diary Farm - the Indo-Swiss live stock project. Devikulam This
idyllic hill station with its velvet lawns, exotic flora and fauna
and the cool mountain air offer a unique experience to visitors.
The sita Devi Lake with its mineral waters and picturesque
surroundings is a good picnic spot.
lxvi
Rajamala 2695 mt. above sea level this place is a natural
habitat of the rare species - Niligiri Thar. Top Station This is
the highest Point on the Munnar - Kodaikanal route and one gets
good view of the nearby towns from this peak. How to reach Nearest
airport is Cochin, which is 140 Kms from Munnar. No railhead to
Munnar. Roads are well connected.
IX.Painavu Painavu is the headquarters of the Idukki District of
Kerala.
Idukki Rugged mountains and forests cover about 97 percent of
the total area of the district. The periyar, thodeepuzhayar are the
important rivers of the district.
lxvii
Periyar (Thekkady) Periyar Tiger Reserve, one of the famous
Wildlife Sanctuaries in India, spread across 777 Sq. Kms out of
which 360 Sq. Kms is thick forest, is one of the best places for
viewing wild elephants. There is a 26 Sq. Km. artificial lake
formed by the Mullaperiyar Dam across the Periyar River. A boat
cruise on the lake is a great way to watch the wildlife. Wild
animals like the Elephant, Gaur, Sam bar Deer and wild boar, which
can be easily seen from close quarters during the serene boat ride.
Other Mammals like the Nilgiri Thar, the lion tailed macaque, and
the bonnet macaque, the Malabar giant Squirrel, the flying
Squirrel, the Tiger, the jungle cat and the sloth bear are seen
only once in a while. Around 265 different species of birds like
the Hornbill, stork, woodpecker, kingfisher, raptor, cormorant,
grackle, darter etc. can also be seen. How to reach The nearest
airport is Cochin, which is 192 kms [5 hrs drive] away. Nearest
Railhead is Kottayam, which is approx. 120 kms away. Periyar is
well connected by road.
Places to see: Periyar National Park
lxviii
National Park is open from morning 0600 hrs to 1800 hrs daily.
Boating is the only way to view the wildlife in Periyar National
Park. Boating Timing: From 07:00 hrs to 11:00 hrs
From 14:00 hrs. To 16:00hrs.
Trekking Trekking is another wonderful way to view the wildlife
from close quarters. Early morning trekking to the jungles can be
arranged. It will be good if you can carry your trekking boots and
gear. 4 days trekking into the Periyar jungles with overnight tent
camping can also be arranged. Plantation Tours Spices are found in
abundance in Periyar. A guided Plantation tour to familiarize you
with different spices and plantations like cardamom, pepper, tea,
coffee, cloves, ginger, turmeric, nutmeg, cumin seed, garlic etc.
is a main attraction of Thekkady.
X.Kottayam: Kottayam situated in south of Cochin is a cultural
centre with beautiful old churches. Though a busy commercial city,
on its west, it has beautiful
lxix
backwaters and on its eastern parts t is full of greenery. At
Vembanad Late in kummarakom tourists can enjoy the beautiful
backwater trips. Area: -15.54sq.km Altitude: sea level Temperature:
(deg c) Max Max Rainfall: 176 sq Best season: October to march Min
Min Summer -35 Deg Summer -32 Deg 22.5 Deg 22 Deg
Places of interest:
Valiya pally, Thazhangadi Mosque and Kumar
Reach: By Air: Nearest Airport is Cochin-76 kms. By Rail: well
connected with major cities. By Road: Cochin -76 kms, Kanyakumari
-267 kms, Thekkady -114 kms, Trivendrum -180 kms.
lxx
Kumarakom: Kumarakom: 16 kms from Kottayam, Kumarakom is a small
backwater town. Kumarakom, situated on the banks of the Vembanad
Lake is one the world famous Backwater destinations of Kerala.
Fishing, Boating and visits to the countryside make this
destination a unique place to look forward to. Kumarakom also has a
small bird sanctuary where different species of birds can be seen.
A boat cruise along the Vembanad Lake is the best way to experience
the serenity of the enchanting backwaters. Luxury hotels situated
in this area to make your stay more relaxing and comfortable. How
to reach The nearest airport is Cochin, which is 80 kms away and
Kottayam, 16 Km away, is the nearest railway head, which is well
connected by trains from all major cities in India. It is easily
accessible by road also.
11.Alleppey Aleppey (Alappuzha) is a District of immense natural
beauty. Known as the Venice of The East, it is famous for
backwaters, boat races, houseboat holidays, beaches, marine
products and coir products.
lxxi
A singular characteristic of this land is the region called
Kuttanad. The land of lush paddy fields, Kuttanad is called the
rice bowl of Kerala and is the one of the few places in the world
where farming is done below the sea level.
How to reach The nearest airport is Cochin, which is 95 Kms
away. Aleppey is well connected by rail from all major places in
India. Aleppey is well connected by Road also. Places to see Places
to see Pathiramanal This Island on the backwaters is a favorite
haunt of hundreds of rare migratory birds from different parts of
the world. The island lies between Thaneermukkom and Kumarakom, and
is accessible only by boat.
R-Block This area is very famous for its backwaters and you can
have very beautiful scenes of paddy fields. This is one of the
places in the world where farming is done below sea level.
lxxii
Aleppey Beach This is one of the most popular picnic spots in
Aleppey. The pier, which extends into the sea here, is over 137
years old. There is also an old lighthouse, which is greatly
fascinating to visitors.
Krishnapuram Palace Built by Marthanda Varma, it is at
Karthikapally in Kayamkulam and is famous for its mural depicting
the story of Gajendramoksham. In this 18century museum you can see
antique sculptures, paintings and bronzes.
Boat Race Allappuzha is world famous for its Snake Boat Race.
Boat Races usually take place at the time of Onam festival. Some of
the important boat races are: 1. 2. Nehru Trophy Boat Race (2nd
(4th Saturday Onam of August) Day)
Payippad
Jalotsavam
3. Champakulam Moolam Boat Race (July)
XII.Pathanamthitha:-
lxxiii
Pathanamthihta is close to the westernghats and is endowed with
scenic landscape comprising of low undultinghills, extensive
stretches of lush forests, rivers and charming countryside. It is
also known for exuberant fairs and festivals. Pathanamthitha
district is known as the `Headquarters of Pilgrimage tourism`, of
the state.
Sabarimala: Is the `Sacred abode of Lord Ayyappa`and one of the
most important Hindu Pilgrimage centre in the Country. The
traditional route to Sabarimala is from Rumble (40 km). Other
routes are from Vandiperiyar; Uppupara and Chalakkayam Via
Plappally.These routes are famous for these scenic splendors and a
mythological value Sabbatical.
XIII.Kollam: Kollam, located 71km to the north of Trivendrum is
another coastal District of kerala. Is one of the oldest ports on
the Malabar Coast.
lxxiv
Once kollam was the port of International spices trade.
Ashtamudi Lake, which covers one third of this place makes it
gateway to the magnificent backwater of kerala. Kollam is an area,
which is well known for the cashew plantation and cashew processing
units. It is the main centre of trading of this cash crop. It is
also an important hub for the states marine products industry, with
neendakara being center trawlers and Ice plants. Kollam
was built by the Syrian Merchant; Sapir I so, in the 9th Century
A.D.Kollam is important commercial, industrial and trading centre.
It is also the headquarters of the Kerala state cashew development
corporation. PLACES OF INTEREST:-
Thangassery Thangassery is a place of historical importance
situated 5 kms. Away from Kollam town. The churches here are pretty
old, having been established in the 18th century. The chief
attraction of the place is the lighthouse, built in 1902. The 144
ft. Lighthouse stands as a sentinel, warning seamen of the
treacherous reefs of Thangassery. The
construction of a fishing harbor is in progress. Thangassery was
an
lxxv
enclave of the Portuguese, Dutch and British in succession. The
remnants of the Portuguese and Dutch forts still exits.
Amrithapuri Amritapuri located at 110 kms from capital of
Kerala. Amritapuri is the realization of the ancient Indian ideal
"the whole world is one family" (vasudhaiva kutumbakam). By bus or
train: Kayamkulam (12 km north of Amritapuri) and Karunagappally
(10 km south) are the major cities to reach. By air and taxi: The
two closest airports are in Trivandrum (110 km south of Amritapuri)
and in Cochin (140 km north).
Palaruvi water falls The famous waterfall in Kollam District is
situated at Palaruvi near Aryankavu, Kollam - Sencottah NH 208.
Season to visit the places is from June to January.
Sasthamco Sasthamcottah is an attractive village situated about
19 kms. From Kollam Town. It is a beauty spot, a health resort and
a centre of pilgrimage. The extensive freshwater lake here is said
to be the biggest of its kind in Kerala. Water supply to the Kollam
town is met by
lxxvi
purifying the water from this lake. Buses are frequently
operated to Sasthamcottah, which can truly be called as Queen of
Lakes.
Thenmala Thenmala is the meeting point of Kollam-Shencottah road
and Trivandrum-Shencottah road, surrounded by dense forest, 66 kms
east of Kollam. There are a large number of rubber and tea
plantations in Thenmala. Timbers of all varieties are exported from
here to all parts of the country. Thenmala Dam site is open for
tourists. Eco tourists center is situated at Thenmala. All buses
passing through Kollam-Shencottah road stop at Tenmala. There is
also a Railway Station here 14.Trivendum Trivandrum, the State
Capital of Kerala is famous for its historical temples, museum and
a long shoreline, with internationally renowned beaches, backwater
stretches, and a rich cultural heritage.
Places to See Sree Padmanabha Swamy Temple
lxxvii
Dedicated to Lord Vishnu, the temple is a blend of the Kerala
and Dravidian styles of sculpture and architecture. The temple pond
and the traditional Kerala style buildings surrounding the temple
are the other interesting attractions.
Shree Chitra Art Gallery This art gallery display select
paintings of Raja Ravi Varma, Svetlova and Nicholas Roe rich and
exquisite works from the Rajput, Mughal and Tanjore schools of art
in India. The collection also includes paintings from China, Japan,
Tibet and Bali.
(Open 1000- 1700 hrs daily except on Mondays and Wednesday
forenoons.)
The Zoological Park One of the first Zoos in India, it is
located in a wellplanned botanical garden. With huge trees like
frangipani and jacaranda dotting the sprawling lawns and wild fowl
swimming in the lake, it is like a small jungle in the heart of the
city. It houses some of the rare wildlife. (Open 1000 - 1700 hrs -
closed on Mondays)
Napier Museum
lxxviii
The Indo-Saracenic structure dating back to the 19 century
boasts of a "natural " air conditioning system, houses a rare
collection of archaeological and historical artifacts, bronze
idols, ancient ornaments, a temple chariot and ivory carvings.
(Open 1000-1700 hrs daily except on Mondays and Wednesday
forenoons.)
Shanghumukham Beach Adjacent to Trivandrum airport this beach is
a favorite haunt of sunset watchers. Daytime you can see fishermen
trying to pull out long fishing nets from the sea. The other
attraction of this area is the 35-m long sculpture of mermaid and a
restaurant shaped like a starfish.
Veli Tourist Village This is the point where the Veli Lake meets
the Arabian Sea. Speedboats and Pedal boats are available here to
explore the charm of the lagoon in leisurely manner.
(Open 1000 hrs to 1700 hrs.) The kanakakunnu palace This palace
in the heart of Trivandrum city is one of the most beautiful
buildings. The palace and its sprawling grounds are today
lxxix
the venue for many cultural meets. The museum buildings are an
architectural splendour. The Napier museum the natural history
museum. The science and Technology museum, the government
secretariat, the kowdiar palace, the senate house, are some of the
other tourist attractions in the city. Ponmudi: The salubrious hill
station of ponmudi is ate distance of 61km from trivendrum. The
enchanting bounty of nature can be witnessed here in the quit
surroundings. The hill ranges, tea-estates and the mist-covered
valleys, pepperd with little toy-like stone cottages pointed a
pretty violet, pink, or white with appointed and peaked roofs.
Altitude :-over 100m above sea level on the Western Ghats. Prime
attractions of ponmudi: Aaranmula boat race: The Aaranmula boat
race is staged each year in the scenic village of Aaranmula in
August /September. This river carnival is part of the Aaranmula
temple festival. Masses the shores of the pamba to watch an
impressing cluster of snake boats called (Palliyodams).
Varkala: -
lxxx
Varkala, 50 km from Trivandrum, is one of the famous and
upcoming beaches in South India. Varkala is famous for its quiet
secluded stretch of sand. The Papanasam beach in Varkala is known
for its mineral springs and rocky cliffs. The 2000-year-old Sree
Janardhana Swamy temple and the Nature care centre are the two main
attractions here. Varkala is also an important Hindu center of
pilgrimage. The final resting-place of the great social reformer,
Sree Narayana Guru, is near Varkala, atop a hill called
Sivagiri.
How to Reach The nearest airport is Trivandrum, which is 50 Kms
from Varkala. Quilon is the nearest major railway head. Varkala
also has rail connection but not all trains stop here. Varkala is
easily connected by road.
Kovalam: Kovalam one of the most beautiful and famous beaches in
South India, is the best place for relaxation. It has three
different beaches of which the Lighthouse beach is the most famous
beach. Ayurvedic treatment especially during monsoon is another
attraction of Kovalam. How to reach
lxxxi
The nearest airport is Trivandrum, which is 16 Kms from Kovalam.
The nearest railway station is Trivandrum. Kovalam is easily
accessible by road. Excursions from Kovalam Kanykumari and
Trivandrum
Padmanabhapuram Palace Enroot to Kanyakumari 40 Kms away is the
majestic old palace famous for its 17th and 18th century murals,
carved mahogany ceiling, colored mica windows, secret underground
passages, inner courtyards, durbar hall, museum, four poster
medicinal bed, Begian mirrors, Granite dance halls and special lac
shiny floors made of a unique combination of egg white, jaggery,
lime, burnt coconut, charcoals and river sand. The palace is built
in the traditional Travancore architectural style. Suchindram
Temple Enrooted to Kanyakumari, it is another famous attraction -
The Sthanumalaya temple that is a popular pilgrim centre. The
temple also houses an emporium of art treasures from various
periods in history.
Kanyakumari
lxxxii
The southern most tip of India, kanyakumari is the point where
the three mighty water bodies, The Arabian Sea, The Bay of Bengal
and The Indian Ocean converge. The famous Vivekananda Rock memorial
amidst the turbent sea is a major attraction, kanyakumari is famous
for its spectacular sunrise and sunset views and `The Devi
Temple`.
lxxxiii
KERALA DISTANCE MAP - Road distance between cities
lxxxiv
Shopping in Kerala: Kerala has a whole range of products, which
can be considered to be the specialty products of Kerala. These are
led by the handlooms of Kerala, which have been made famous the
entire world by the Kasavu materials. A must-buy if you are
planning a trip of shopping in Kerala, these saris are the perfect
combinations of simplicity and elegance and are recognized by their
golden borders, which are made by dipping the material in a 22
karat gold solution.
Bamboo Mat Paintings Human and religious figures, animals,
birds, and beautiful landscapes most commonly inspire these
paintings. The paintings are then framed with bamboo reed.
Coconut Shell Craft Flower vases, snuffboxes, nut bowls, spoons
and sugar basins are some common end products. The district of
Calicut is a major centre of this craft.
Coir Products
lxxxv
Doormats, carpets, floor rugs, crush proof pile carpets, and
flowered Mourzouks are some of the products made from coir.
Alleppey, Kollam and Calicut are the biggest producers of coir
products.
Horn Carving This is an ancient craft perfected by artisans
mostly belonging to the Viswakarma community. Thiruvananthapuram is
the centre of this art. Flowers, birds, combs, lamps etc are the
usual products carved out of horn.
Metal Inlaid Wood Craft The end products of this intricate craft
are figures of dancing ladies, peacocks, Kathakali heads, key
stands, butterflies etc. Rosewood and White wood pieces are cut and
shaped into the desired design, pasted on a plywood base and
polished. Brass pieces are then fixed to make the final product.
Ernakulum district is where this craft is practiced the most.
Metal Work Bell metal, an alloy of brass, tin and copper, is one
of the materials used in this craft. This is also an ancient art.
Temple bells, lamps, different types of cooking vessels such as the
majestic "varpu", tumblers for
lxxxvi
drinking etc. are some products made from bell metal. Bell metal
work is done mainly in Thiruvananthapuram, Irinjalakuda and
Kasargod.
Screw Pine Products Another ancient craft in this long list is
screw pine mat weaving. This is practiced mainly in certain
villages of Kollam, Alappuzha, and Kottayam districts. Screw pine
leaves are woven into mats, hand embroidered, and made into
household linen, straw hats, and bags. Wood Carving Kerala is
famous for its woodcarving. The best places to see the impressive
wood carving styles are temples, palaces, and ancient houses. A
very intricate art, woodcarving requires a high degree of
craftsmanship. Rosewood, Sandalwood, Cedar and Teak are the usual
varieties of wood used in this craft. Life size mythological and
religious figures stylized with gestures and postures are
frequently carved out of wood. Intricately carved elephants,
paperweights, lampshades, decorative furniture and jeweler boxes
are the more common products these days. Kerala's Sandalwood and
Rosewood carvings are distinctly different from those produced in
other states.
lxxxvii
Other Crafts Making products out of Peppier Mache is another
popular craft of Kerala. Masks of dancers, especially Kathakali
dancers, are the most commonly made product. Other natural
materials used for various crafts are floor mats woven out of
banana fiber, collages on black silk made from rice straw and mats
made out of Cora grass.
Shopping in Alleppey Alleppey is widely known for its good
quality coir products and carpets. Alleppey is also famous for the
pepper, coconut oil, areca nut, cardamom, and sugar available
here.
Shopping in Varkala Coconut shell items, other distinctive items
that are sole in the shops in Varkala include numerous horn carved
products, which are very popular owing to the exquisite carvings.
Typical beach products, locally made of shells and oysters, are
also much sought after by the tourists.
Shopping in Kochi
lxxxviii
The various shopping centers in Kochi display and sell a range
of items like metal ware, camel-bone carvings, woodcarvings,
articles made of coconut shells, bamboo cane, embroidered screw
pine mats, grass mats, and other types of handicrafts. You will
also find several antique articles while shopping in Kochi.
Jewelry, readymade garments, and ethnic hand-woven textiles are
also among the best buys in Kochi on your tour to Kerala.
Shopping in Kozhikode Kozhikode is also popular for local
handicraft products like rosewood and buffalo horn carvings, coir
products and miniature snake boats. Kozhikode is famous for being
home to Calico - a soft
printed cotton variety, available by the roll on SM Road. The
traditional boats of Kerala are sold at Beypore, which lies at
about half an hour's journey from Kozhikode. Shopping in Munnar in
Kerala Munnar in Kerala is famous for its acres of tea and coffee
plantations.The region of exotic spices, Munnar is also famous for
its spices
lxxxix
There are also a few shops near Matupetty Dam which also sells
wooden decorative items.
Shopping in Thekkedy Packs of banana chips, freshly fried in
coconut oil, are also good buys while shopping in Thekkady. Kumily,
lying at about 4 km from Thekkady, is renowned as a major shopping
centre and spice trade centre. Apart from a wide variety of spices
and handicrafts. Here, T-shirts that bears exclusive Periyar Tiger
Reserve motifs of tigers and elephants. These will serve as
excellent souvenirs for leisurely shopping in Thekkady.
Shopping in Thrissur in Kerala Silk saris and jeweler attracts
most of the tourists to the shops of Thrissur. From coconut shell
crafts to horn carvings and brass crafts everything is found in
Thrissur. These handicrafts are an age-old art of Kerala and have
been continuing for ages. Shopping in Kerala is an exciting event
for all you who love to collect small items of objects d' art and
little handmade products. So if you are planning a Kerala Tour then
do not forget to do some shopping in Kerala.
xc
4.Travel tips: The people are friendly and cheerful and memories
of your sojourn into this part of the Indian subcontinent will
leave you with a warm smile forever. However, it is advisable to
follow a few basic etiquettes and guidelines to make your tour to
Kerala a pleasant and memorable experience. Here are some Kerala
Travel Tips put together by the Maps Of India team.
Kerala Travel Tips For International Tourists: International
Tourists are required to carry their original Passport and Visa on
their vacation to Kerala. However, it is advisable to make many
copies of these and other important documents and keep them
separate from the originals. Also do carry some ID document on you
at all times. You may need to make an oral declaration of your
baggage as you disembark in one of the airports of Kerala. Although
there is no limit to the amount of foreign currency you bring in,
you may require to fill up a Currency Declaration Form if the value
of foreign currency you bring in is more than US$ 10000 or its
equivalent. Instead of bringing in physical cash it makes sense to
bring in Travelers Checks and Credit Cards.
xci
A Visa to Kerala, India could be valid from anywhere between 15
days to 6 months. If you require an extension on the Visa, please
do apply well in advance to- Foreigners Registration Office Office
of the Commissioner of Police, Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum). Ph:
0471-2320555. International tourists originating or traveling
through Yellow Fever endemic countries should carry a Yellow Fever
Vaccination certificate to conform to the existing International
Health Regulations. Use of cash can be avoided as most hotels and
accommodations accept major credit cards such as Amax, Masters,
Diners and Visa. Change your foreign currency into INR (Indian
Rupees) only through authorized foreign currency exchange agents.
Most established hotels either have such a forex desk or can
arrange for the same. Women are advised to wear decent clothing.
Low necklines and swimwear are best avoided even on a beach. Nudity
is a legal offence; hence do not go topless on the beaches. It is
also advisable to abstain from abusive language and intimate
gestures such as hugging and kissing in public. Use of drugs and
narcotics too is a heavily punishable offence in Kerala. Kerala
Travel Tips-General Tips: The weather conditions in Kerala are
tropical. Summers are hot and winters are pleasant. Thus it makes
sense to carry loose fitting
xcii
cottons clothes, straw hats, sunglasses and sun block lotions.
If you are contemplating a visit to the mountainous destinations
you may require a light blanket and a light sweater. Travel light.
Most of your requirements are available at the local markets.
However if you require equipments and sports gear for your
expeditions and adventure sports, you may do well to carry them. A
variety of cuisine is available in Kerala. Do pamper your
gastronomic juices by indulging in the scrumptious Kerala
delicacies but take care not to eat from the unhygienic roadside
stalls. It is advisable to drink only the packaged drinking water
or mineral water. It helps to remember that most temples do not
allow foreign tourists and non-Hindus to enter. Even Hindu men are
allowed into the sanctum of many only if they go bare-chested and
don a dhoti and not trousers. Women are expected to wear a saris
and surprisingly while a trouser or even the ethnic Indian Sal war
Kames clad women may be restricted, a skirt-donned lady will be
allowed to pass. Do remember to remove your footwear as you enter
the temples or a Malayali household. Photography is restricted in
many temples, museum and wildlife sanctuaries. Do obtain
permissions or special tickets for using the camera where
necessary. Some wildlife sanctuaries require permits even to
enter.
xciii
For more information do contact The Chief Conservator of
Forests, Thiruvananthapuram 695014 Ph: + 91-471-2322217 It is
advisable to carry a list of emergency numbers such as printouts of
the list provided in Maps Of India, Kerala Telephone Directory.
However if such a listing is not available on hand, the police are
contactable by dialing 100 and the fire & rescue team and
ambulance services respond to 101. Most high-class hotels and
resorts provide a 24-hour doctor on call service and house
pharmacies. However tourists are advised to carry a kit of
emergency and essential medications. Keralas allure is wide spread
and the number of tourists visiting this natural paradise is ever
increasing. Hence it is advisable to book your tickets and make
reservations well in advance and also take care to book only
through authorized travel agents. Do go in for Ayurvedic treatment
only at authorized resorts and holistic treatment centers Tourist
Guide and Kerala Travel Tips: The banks of Kerala, like the rest of
India operate between 10 am and 2 pm, Monday to Friday except on
public holidays.
xciv
To get the best deals from curio shopping by bargaining. Take a
local guide along, as he is capable of getting you coveted
souvenirs at throwaway prices. The best season to visit this sylvan
state is from November to March. Not only is the climate pleasant
and windy, this is also the festival season and brings out the best
performing and ritual arts performances. However most Ayurvedic
resorts hold their rejuvenating programs from March to September.
Do remember to save the bills, vouchers tickets and vouchers
amassed on your Kerala tour. Not only may these be required for
customs clearance while leaving the country but these may also be
made into a scrapbook or a travelogue to remind you of the heady
days spent in this wild terrain. The above are general
consideration to be taken into account on your tour to Kerala.
However it is important to develop a humane relation with the
inhabitants of the region because those will be the best-treasured
reward of your trip to this tourist friendly state. Do put forth
your suggestions for improvement without criticism in the
suggestion books available at most tourist attractions and above
all do show appreciation where it is due. A kind word or a pat on
the back of a helpful guide goes a long way to make your trip
rosy.
xcv
5.Itinary Duration: 09 Nights / 10 Days Destinations Covered:
Cochin - Munnar - Thekkady - Kumarakom Alleppey - Kovalam -
Trivandrum - Cochin
Day
01
On arrival at Cochin airport, our representative would receive
you and transfer to the hotel. Now, check into the hotel and get
ready to explore Cochin. a few popular attractions of Cochin are
the Santa Cruz Basilica, The Dutch palace at Mattancherry and St.
Francis' Church. Day 02 Cochin Munnar
Next morning, drive towards Munnar. On arrival, check into the
hotel and relax. Stay overnight at hotel. Day 03 Munnar
After having the breakfast, get ready for popular tourist spots
of Munnar. They are Anaimudi, The Christ Church, the Nilgiritahr,
The Evarikulam National Park and Madupetty Dam. Day 04 Munnar
Thekkady (Periyar)
Next morning, start driving towards Periyar. Upon arrival, check
into the
xcvi
hotel and take rest. On evening, enjoy boat riding at Periyar
Lake. There are also a few tribal villages to explore. Day 05
Thekkady Kumarakom
Next morning, start driving towards Kumarakom and check into the
popular backwater resort. One of the major attractions of Kumarakom
is the backwater. Day 06 Kumarakom
After having breakfast, get ready to explore Kumarakom. One of
its popular tourist attractions is the Kumarakom Bird Sanctuary.
You may also indulge in windsailing & water skiing. Day 07
Kumarakom Alleppey
Next morning, start heading towards Kottayam. After arriving at
Kottayam, board the beautifully decorated houseboats to Alleppey.
After overnight backwater cruising, you will arrive on next morning
at Alleppey. Day 08 Alleppey Kovalam
Now, start driving towards Kovalam. Upon arrival, check into the
hotel and indulge in interesting activities, such as kayaking,
swimming, surfing and skiing. You may also enjoy the herbal or body
toning massage. Day 09 Kovalam
Next morning, stroll down the beautiful beaches of Kovalam
followed by
xcvii
journey
to
Cape
Cameron.
Do
not
miss
the
magnificent
Padmanabhapuram Palace & Archeological museum. You must
drive back to Kovalam by evening and take rest. Day 10 Kovalam
-Trivandrum
Explore the beautiful city of Trivandrum having great tourist
attractions, such as Padmanabhaswami temple. Now, get ready for
departure. Your Kerala tour Itinerary comes to end.
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i.e. the time vehicle leaves Our premises for the assignment till
it return back after completing the assignment. 3. The customer has
to sign the duty slip, and the same to be handed over to the
driver
xcviii
While
leaving
the
transport.
4. The Photographs shown are for illustrative purposes only. 5.
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be responsible to provide The substitute Car / Van.
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charged extra. Cancellations 7 or more days = No Cancellation
xcix
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= 10% Only = 50% Only INCLUDES Parking fees Etc.
2. Assistance of Our Representative during Transfer from Airport
, Railway Station to Hotel or vice versa.
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ci
CHAPTER -6
cii
SUMMARYSummary analysis is of a living encyclopedia. It helps in
Analysis Companys position and its future development prospects. It
is consider as one of the most important tool for the company. SWOT
analysis comprises. 1. Strength 2. Weaknesses 3. Opportunities
STRENGTHS: 1. The main strength of the company is their personnels.
It has
trained and experienced staffs Mr. Anil Kumar - Manager and Mr.
Ramanaiah. Travel Manager both are the backbone of the company. 2.
The strategies and policies of the company are the very dynamics.
Their planning marking and sales promotion activities were result
oriented. The strategy of getting feedback from the customers, help
them to analyze their present status of services and forecasting
for their forth coming strategies and policies. 3. The
infrastructure of the company is really appreciating. Their modern
technologies, online reservation system, well equipped modern
vehicles; companys location, office setup and other super structure
make them in the front lane in travel and tourism industries.
ciii
WEAKNESSES: 1. No. Of staffs in the organization are very less.
One person has to look after other departments. 2. The company has
no overseas offices in other parts of countries. They have to
negotiate with other travel agencies. At the destination. 3. The
company has lack of small vehicles. In the time of peak season they
hired the vehicles with other travel agencies. 4. They do not
handle international inbound tours. 5. They do not offer sea &
beach tourism. 6. They do not maintain Telugu tourist guides in
coaches.
OPPORTUNITIES: 1. If the company increase the number of the
staff and appoint experience and professional can get the maximum
output. 2. If the company will wide the range of the network y
establishing their branches in other part of India and abroad, can
command on global market. 3. If the company offers sectionals tour
packages and handle international in bound tours can earn the
maximum foreign exchange.
civ
CONCLUSIONTravel agencies and the growth of the tourism: in a
country like India, The travel agent is not selling the tour
packages, air tickets,