Main Ppt Speed Control System With Rfid Equipped Vehicle

SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM WITH RFID EQUIPPED

VEHICLEBY

M.PRUDVI RAJ (08N41A0455)

CH.PRAVEEN KUMAR (08N41A0453)

M.KRANTHI KUMAR (08N41A0431)

G.RAJEEV KUMAR (08N41A0456)

INTRODUCTION Most of the fatal or serious accidents are

associated with excessive or inappropriate speed.

Safety will be achieved by automatic driving controls and a growing number of sensors both on the road infrastructure and the vehicle itself.

The key idea offered is to use Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to tag the warning signals placed in the dangerous portions of the road.

AIM OF THE PROJECT To control the speed of the vehicles at

restricted areas in city (viz. school zone, hospital zone) with certain speed limits mentioned on the roads.

Here we are using RFID card reader in identifying the speed limit mentioned on the road, which is interfacing with the controller.

RFID is a key role in our project.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

COMPONENTS USED IN THE PROJECT MICRO CONTROLLER (AT89S52) RFID CARD RFID CARD READER MAX-232 DC MOTOR MOTOR DRIVER LCD

MICRO CONTROLLERPIN DIAGRAM

FEATURES OF ATMEL 89S52 Compatible with MCS-51 Products 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash

Memory – Endurance: 1000 Write/Erase Cycles 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz 256K Internal RAM 32 Programmable I/O Lines 3 16-bit Timer/Counters Eight Interrupt Sources Dual Data Pointer Power-off Flag

RFID Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is

a technology that uses radio frequencies to automatically identify and track people or objects.

RFID offers higher data storage capacities, higher identification speeds, and greater immediacy and accuracy of data collection

RFID TAG

RFID WORKING AT BASIC STAGE At a basic level, each tag works in the same

way: Data stored within an RFID tag's microchip

waits to be read. The tag's antenna receives electromagnetic

energy from an RFID reader's antenna. Using power from its internal battery or power

harvested from the reader's electromagnetic field, the tag sends radio waves back to the reader.

The reader picks up the tag's radio waves and interprets the frequencies as meaningful data.

RFID CARD READER An RFID reader is a device that is used to

interrogate an RFID tag. The reader has an antenna that emits radio

waves; the tag responds by sending back its data. RFID tags transmit their identification code

and are detected by the RFID readers onboard the vehicle.

The information is transmitted to a MC, which determines the correspondence between tag ID and readers.

This MC communicates the new target speed as well as other relevant data for the control of the vehicle.

MAX-232 It is a dual RS232 receiver / transmitter

that meets all RS232 specifications while using only +5V power supply.

It has two onboard charge pump voltage converters which generate +10V to -10V power supplies from a single 5V supply.

It has four level translators, two of which are RS232 transmitters that convert TTL/CMOS input levels into +9V RS232 outputs.

The other two level translators are RS232 receivers that convert RS232 input to 5V.

DC MOTOR  An electric motor is a machine which

converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

A DC motor is designed to run on DC electric power.

When electric field passes through the coil in a magnetic field, the magnetic force produces a torque which turns the DC motor.

WORKING OF A DC MOTOR

Electric current is supplied externally through commutatorMagnetic force acts

perpendicular to both wire and magnetic field

Commutator reverses the current each half revolution to keep the torque running the coil in the same direction

Torque in dc motor

Current in dc motor

The running torque of the motor is proportional to magnetic field

The magnetic field is directed from north pole to south pole.

Magnetic force acts perpendicular to both wire and magnetic field

Magnetic field in dc motor

Force in dc motor

RELAYS  A relay is an electrical switch that

opens and closes under the control of another electrical circuit.

In the original form, the switch is operated by electromagnet to open or close one or many sets of contact, because of the relay is able to control an output circuit higher power than the input circuit.

A 16x2 LCD can display 16 characters per line ,

there are two such lines. In this LCD Each character is

displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two registers:

Command and Data. In our project, we use this LCD for

displaying the speed of the vehicle when it is

entered into rfid region and normal region.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY

WORKING Based on rfid principle, whenever the

rfid card reads certain frequency (speed in this case), the vehicle speed reduces to that limit of speed.

This limit of speed is maintained until the frequency changes.

As soon as the vehicle crosses over the speed limit zone, it moves with its own speed.

POWER SUPPLY

For biasing the microcontroller 5 volts is required and hence this circuit is used to get an output of 5 volts.

VIN (ac)

VIN (ac)

Vout (dc)1 2 3

Regulator|||||||

2|||||||

3|||||||

4

SOFTWARE USED…Language : Embedded ‘C’

TOOLS: Keil µvision3. The Keil is used to compile the

program written in embedded C and convert it to hex file.

Express PCB. C Source Compiler.

ADVANTAGES• Accidents are avoided at least in the speed

restricted areas such as school and hospital zones.

• Moreover it also ensures efficient transportation of vehicles.

• Restricted areas are controlled automatically rather than manually.

• Ease of checking process at high ways and check points.

• The proposed on-board architecture is portable and easily adaptable to any commercial car with minimal modifications.

FUTURE ENHANCEMENT In our project, only the test vehicle

was present on the road. In normal driving situations, we can expect other vehicles circulating nearby and possibly blocking or attenuating some of the RFID transmitting signals, especially with large vehicles like trucks.

In this aspect, more experimentation is needed to know how this circumstance will affect the vehicle’s control performance. A possible solution is the use of redundant RFID tags (since their cost relatively low), placed at different locations near the restricted zones, to guarantee RF signal reception in unfavorable conditions

CONCLUSION The speed control of a vehicle on the road

which can help to decrease one of the major causes of fatalities: the excessive or inadequate vehicle speed.

since active RFID technology permits to detect the presence and identity of the vehicles reliably and sufficiently in advance, so corrective actions on the vehicle’s behaviour can be taken.

the vehicle’s speed is successfully controlled as a result of the detection of the signals, increasing the driver’s safety.

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