Leadership Theories & Styles

8/3/2019 Leadership Theories & Styles

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Motivation The word motivation is often defined as "getting

someone moving."

Motivation theorybreaks down these forces intointernal or intrinsic motivation, and external orextrinsic motivation. If you're in a leadership role,then it's important to understand how employees are

motivated, and what you can do as a leader to keepthem motivated.


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Motivational theoryWhen we motivate ourselves, or someone else, we are

developing those incentives or conditions that webelieve will help move a person to a desired behavior.

Whether it is through intrinsic motivation orextrinsic motivation, most individuals are moved bytheir beliefs, values, personal interests, and even fear.
http://www.money-zine.com/Definitions/Career-Dictionary/Motivation/http://www.money-zine.com/Definitions/Career-Dictionary/Motivation/


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Types of motivationIntrinsic or Self Motivation

Fundamentally, all motivation comes from within. So

the most common concepts of motivation are those ofself motivation, internal motivation, or intrinsicmotivation.


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Types of motivationMotivation through Challenges

Individuals are motivated when they are working

towards personally meaningful goals. Attainment ofthose goals must require activity that is increasinglydifficult, but attainable.


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Types of motivationMotivation through Curiosity

In this concept of self motivation, we are talking about

providing something in the individual's environmentthat arouses their curiosity.

Motivation through competition

Through fantasy


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Contemporary theories of

Leadership

The variables include organizational culture,the values of the leader and the followers, thework, the environment, the influence of theleader manager, and the complexities of thesituation

Theory introduced in late 1970s


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Strong control is maintained over the workgroup

Others are motivated by coercion

Others are directed with commands

Communication flows downward

Decision making does not involve others

Emphasis is on difference in status(I and

you


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Merits Results in well defined group actions that are that are

usually predictable

Reducing frustration in the work group and givingmembers a feeling of security

Productivity is usually high

Useful in crisis situations e.g. Very large bureaucracies

such as the armed force


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Demerits Creativity, self- motivation and autonomy are reduced


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Democratic leaders Less control is maintained

Economic and Ego awards are used to motivate

Others are directed through suggestions and guidance

Communication flows up and down

Decision making involves others

Emphasis is on we" rather than I and you Criticism is constructive


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meritsAppropriate for groups that work together for

extended periods

Promotes autonomy and growth in individual workers Effective when cooperation and coordination between

groups are necessary


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Demerits Because many people must be consulted, democratic

leadership takes more time and, there for, may befrustrating for those who want decisions made rapidly.

Less efficient quantitatively than authoritativeleadership


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Laissez-faire leaders Permissiveness, with little or no control

Motivation by support when requested by the group or

individuals Provision of little or no direction

Communication upward and downward flow amongmembers of the group

Emphasis on the group Criticism withheld


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MeritsWhen all group members are highly motivated and

self directed, this leadership style can result in muchcreativity and productivity

Appropriate when problems are poorly defined and isneeded to generate alternative solutions


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Changes in the leadership concept Leadership style has a great deal on the climate and

out come of the work group

In 1940s-followed a predominant leader ship style In 1950s Followed the style between authoritarian

and Laissez fair

Leadership Theories & Styles

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