Large-Scale Slope Erosion Testing (ASTM D 6459) of Winters Excelsior’s Straw Bio, Double Biodegradable Net Straw Blanket over Loam June 2014 Submitted to : AASHTO/NTPEP 444 North Capitol Street, NW, Suite 249 Washington, D.C. 20001 Attn: Russell Dabbs, NTPEP [email protected]Submitted by: TRI/Environmental, Inc. 9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 C. Joel Sprague Project Manager
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Pictures of the eroded slopes are shown in Figures 5 thru 7.
Straw Bio, Double Biodegradable Net Straw Blanket, over Loam
Slope Erosion Testing for NTPEP
June 30, 2014
5
Figure 5a. Test Slope #1 –
Start of the 2 in/hr Event
Figure 5b. Test Slope #1 –
End of the 4 in/hr Event
Figure 5c. Test Slope #1 –
End of 6 in/hr Even
Figure 5d. Test Slope #1 –
RECP Removed
Figure 6a. Test Slope #2 –
Start of the 2 in/hr Event
Figure 6b. Test Slope #2 –
End of the 4 in/hr Event
Straw Bio, Double Biodegradable Net Straw Blanket, over Loam
Slope Erosion Testing for NTPEP
June 30, 2014
6
Figure 6c. Test Slope #2 –
End of 6 in/hr Event
Figure 6d. Test Slope #2 –
RECP Removed
Figure 7a. Test Slope #3 –
Start of 2 in/hr Event
Figure 7b. Test Slope #3 –
End of the 4 in/hr Event
Figure 7c. Test Slope #3 –
End of 6 in/hr Event
Figure 7d. Test Slope #3 –
RECP Removed
Straw Bio, Double Biodegradable Net Straw Blanket, over Loam
Slope Erosion Testing for NTPEP
June 30, 2014
7
TEST RESULTS
The Cover Management (C) Factor from the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) of the
USDA-ARS Agricultural handbook 703 is the reported performance measure for slopes determined
from this testing. The C-Factor and R-Factor reported herein are related through RUSLE by the
following relationship:
A = R x K x LS x C x P
where: A = the computed soil loss in tons per acre (measured/calculated from test);
R = the rainfall erosion index (measured/calculated from test);
K = the erodibility of the soil (calculated from test – see Figure 9);
LS = the topographic factor (2.78 for 8 x 40 ft slope);
C = the cover factor = ratio of protect soil loss to control soil loss (1.0 for control); and
P = the practice factor (1.0 for all test slopes).
Total soil loss and the associated rainfall depth measured during the testing are the principle data
used to determine the C Factor. The cumulative C-Factors shown in Table 3 are the ratio of the soil
loss from the protected condition at a calculated cumulative R-Factor divided by the cumulative soil
loss from the control plot (Figure 9) at that same R-Factor.
In all cases, the soil loss and associated rainfall data for both protected and control conditions are
used to develop a normalized cumulative graph of R-Factor versus C-Factor (R factor = total kinetic
energy of the storm (E) times its maximum 30-minute Intensity (I)). The maximum average
normalized cumulative R-Factor calculated for the target test events: 2 in/hr for 20 minutes + 4 in/hr
for 20 minutes + 6 in/hr for 20 minutes, is R = 231 assuming all raindrops achieve terminal velocity.
Since this is not the case, the R-Factor must be “scaled” to reflect the kinetic energy associated with
the actual velocity achieved by each size of raindrop. For the tests reported herein, the C-Factor
associated with this scaled R-Factor of 162 is the reported performance value. This facilitates
product-to-product comparison of test results at a common point of the storm event.
Graphs of R-Factor versus C-Factor for the protected condition and Soil Loss versus R-Factor for the
control condition are shown in Figures 8 and 9, respectively. Figure 8 includes the best regression
line fit to the test data to facilitate the determination of the C-factor. Figure 8 additionally allows
users of this report to evaluate performance at other points in the model storm by selecting the R
factor (and the corresponding C Factor) that may fit local conditions.
According to the test procedure ASTM D6459, a test may be stopped in the event of catastrophic soil
loss, as determined by the lab. AASHTO NTPEP ECP Panel has determined this practice places an
undue amount of subjectivity into the test. In lieu of stopping the test, the test is run to completion.
The runoff and sediment loss just prior to catastrophic failure is separated from that occurring after.
This additional point is used in the creating of the Soil Loss verses R Factor Graph.
The tests reported herein did not experience catastrophic slope failure. Linear (R2=0.67), power
(R2= 0.88), and polynomial (R
2 = 0.70) fits were the best fits evaluated.
The overall C-Factor information shown in Table 4 is derived from Figure 8 which relates the C-
Factors and associated R-Factors given in Table 3.
Straw Bio, Double Biodegradable Net Straw Blanket, over Loam
Slope Erosion Testing for NTPEP
June 30, 2014
8
Table 3. Summary Data Table – Protected Slopes
Slope # &
Product
Test #
(run # -
target
intensity)
Intensity
(in/hr)
Runoff
(gallons)
Cumm.
R-Factor
Soil Loss
(lbs/plot/event)
Cumm. Soil
Loss
(Tons/Acre)
Control Soil
Loss at
Cumm. R-
Factor
(Tons/Acre)
Cumm.
C-Factor
1 – Straw Bio
1-2 2.05 6.84 6.74 0.034 0.002 2.311 0.0010
1-4 4.02 103.03 51.16 7.492 0.513 17.528 0.0292
1-6 6.06 224.85 165.86 53.360 4.148 56.824 0.0730
2 – Straw Bio
2-2 2.05 1.17 6.74 0.004 0.000 2.311 0.0001
2-4 4.09 95.19 52.66 3.184 0.217 18.043 0.0120
2-6 5.98 192.96 165.07 18.834 1.500 56.552 0.0265
3 – Straw Bio
3-2 2.17 2.20 7.60 0.012 0.001 2.605 0.0003
3-4 4.09 113.58 54.40 7.642 0.521 18.637 0.0280
3-6 5.98 232.13 166.82 26.422 2.321 57.151 0.0406
Table 4. Overall C-Factor
Product C-Factor Calculation
Straw Bio, Double Biodegradable Net
Straw Blanket & 1.7 staples/sy 0.064 C = 0.00001925R
1.59408157
C = 0.00001925R1.59408157
R² = 0.87510052
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
C-F
acto
r
R-Factor
C-Factor vs. R-Factor(Straw Bio @ 1.7 staples/sy on TRI-Loam; 3:1 Slope)
All Slopes - SCALED Power (All Slopes - SCALED)
"SCALED" FOR K.E.: The cummulative R-Factor calculated for the following events: 2 in/hr for 20 min + 4 in/hr for 20 min + 6 in/hr for 20 min, is R = 162 and the associated C-Factor is determined from the best-fit regression eqn.
C-Factor = 0.064 for R-Factor = 162
Figure 8. R-Factor vs. C-Factor – Tested Product
Straw Bio, Double Biodegradable Net Straw Blanket, over Loam
Slope Erosion Testing for NTPEP
June 30, 2014
9
y = 0.2409xR² = 0.9527
y = 0.3426xR² = 1
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
So
il L
os
s (
T/A
)
RUSLE R (US Customary Units)
Soil Loss vs RUSLE R (Control Testing of TRI-Loam; 3:1 Slope; 2009-2014: 40 tests)
From RUSLE:A = R K LS C P
For Control: LS = 2.78; P = 1.0; C = 1.0K = (A/R) / 2.78 = m / 2.78K = 0.3426 / 2.78 = 0.123
Scaled Because Terminal Velocity Not Achieved:The cummulative R-Factor calculated for the following events: 2 in/hr for 20 min + 4 in/hr for 20 min + 6 in/hr for 20 min, is R = 162 and the associated soil loss is 55.5 tons/acre
If Terminal Velocity Achieved:The cummulative R-Factor vs. Soil Loss is initially plotted as though terminal velocity of the raindrops is achieved. This produces an R = 231 and the associated soil loss is 55.5 tons/acre
Figure 9. R-Factor vs. Soil Loss – Control Tests
Straw Bio, Double Biodegradable Net Straw Blanket, over Loam
Slope Erosion Testing for NTPEP
June 30, 2014
Appendix
APPENDIX A – RECORDED DATA
Test Record Sheets
Sediment Concentration Data
Runoff Data
Soil Moisture Content
Soil Loss Tables
# Time
Start Rain: 8:35 AM 1 8:38 X
Sampling interval: 0:03 2 8:41 X
Rain Time: 20.00 Test Time: 1.00 3 8:44 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 8:47 X
Anchors: Anchorage: 1.7 / sy 5 8:50 X
6 8:53 X
wc1 = 18.5% 7
d = 18 mm 8
i = 2.13 in/hr P = 9 psi 9
10
x 11
B P = 9 psi X 10
x x 13
X P = 9 psi C x 14
x x 15
x D P = 9 psi X 10
x x 13
X P = 9 psi E x 14
x x 15
x F P = 9 psi X
x x
x P = 9 psi G x # Time
Time to Collect 1
gal, sec
X x 1 3 180
x H P = 9 psi x 2 6 180
x X 3 9 140
x P = 9 psi I x 4 12 128
X x 5 15 98
X J P = 9 psi x 6 18 94
X 7
X 8
d = 17 mm 9
i = 20.00 in/hr Temp. 78 deg 10
wc3 = 16.8% Hum. 74 % 11
d = 17 in 10
i = 2.01 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc2 = 18.2% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
10
13
14
15
Notes:0 mph breeze.Approx 10 gal collected.
0.68
2.05
Slope #: 1 Target Rain: 2 in/hr
SLOPE #1
A
DDRF Rainfall Testing
8:36 AM
x X x x
Roll #:
Date:
Product:
12-Jun-14
Set system pressure to 16
psi.
0001091 6 in Staples
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
Runoff Rate Measurements
TOP OF SLOPE
End Rain: 8:55 AM
(circle "x" for open valves)
End Runoff:
Winters Straw Bio
# Time
Start Rain: 9:02 AM 1 9:04 X
Sampling interval: 0:02 2 9:06 X
Rain Time: 20.00 Test Time: 21.00 3 9:08 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 9:10 X
Anchors: Anchorage: 1.7 / sy 5 9:12 X
6 9:14 X
wc1 = 18.5% 7 9:16 X
d = 34 mm 8 9:18 X
i = 4.02 in/hr P = 9 psi 9 9:20 X
10 9:22 X
X 11
B P = 9 psi X 10
X x 13
X P = 9 psi C x 14
x X 15
x D P = 9 psi X 10
X x 13
X P = 9 psi E x 14
x X 15
x F P = 9 psi X
x x
x P = 9 psi G x # Time
Time to Collect 1
gal, sec
X x 1 2 32
X H P = 9 psi x 2 6 12
x X 3 8 12
X P = 9 psi I X 4 10 11
X x 5 12 11
X J P = 9 psi X 6 14 11
X 7 16 11
X 8 18 10
d = 34 mm 9 20 10
i = 4.02 in/hr Temp. 78 deg 10
wc3 = 16.8% Hum. 79 % 11
d = 34 mm 10
i = 4.02 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc2 = 18.2% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
10
13
14
15
Notes:0 mph breeze. Approx 105 gal collected.
1.34
4.02
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
Date:
SLOPE #1
Slope #: 1 Target Rain: 4 in/hr
End Rain: 9:22 AM
9:23 AM
A
DDRF Rainfall Testing
12-Jun-14
Roll #:
Product: Winters Straw Bio
End Runoff:
TOP OF SLOPE
Set system pressure to 16
psi.
0001091 6 in Staples
(circle "x" for open valves)
X X x x
Runoff Rate Measurements
# Time
Start Rain: 9:28 AM 1 9:30 X
Sampling interval: 0:02 2 9:32 X
Rain Time: 20.00 Test Time: 22.00 3 9:34 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 9:36 X
Anchors: Anchorage: 1.7 / sy 5 9:38 X
6 9:40 X
wc1 = 18.5% 7 9:42 X
d = 53 mm 8 9:44 X
i = 6.26 in/hr P = 9 psi 9 9:46 X
10 9:48 X
X 11
B P = 9 psi X 10
X X 13
X P = 9 psi C x 14
X X 15
x D P = 9 psi X 10
X X 13
X P = 9 psi E x 14
X X 15
x F P = 9 psi X
x X
X P = 9 psi G x # Time
Time to Collect 1
Gallon, sec
X x 1 2 10
X H P = 9 psi X 2 4 7
X X 3 6 6
X P = 9 psi I X 4 8 6
X X 5 10 5
X J P = 9 psi X 6 12 5
X 7 14 5
X 8 16 5
d = 51 mm 9 18 5
i = 6.02 in/hr Temp. 77 deg 10 20 5
wc3 = 16.8% Hum. 79 % 11
d = 50 mm 10
i = 5.91 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc2 = 18.2% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
10
13
14
15
Roll #:
End Runoff:
Product: Winters Straw Bio
Set system pressure to 16
psi.
6 in Staples0001091
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
DDRF Rainfall Testing
Date: 12-Jun-14
Slope #: 1 Target Rain: 6 in/hr
SLOPE #1
Runoff Rate Measurements
TOP OF SLOPE
End Rain: 9:48 AM
A
X X X x
(circle "x" for open valves)
9:50 AM
Notes:0 mph breeze.Approx 225 gal collected.
2.02
6.06
# Time
Start Rain: 10:00 AM 1 10:03 X
Sampling interval: 0:03 2 10:06 X
Rain Time: 20.00 Test Time: 20.00 3 10:09 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 10:12 X
Anchors: Anchorage: 1.7 / sy 5 10:15 X
6 10:18 X
wc1 = 16.4% 7
d = 18 mm 8
i = 2.13 in/hr P = 9 psi 9
10
x 11
X P = 9 psi B 10
x x 13
x C P = 9 psi X 14
x x 15
X P = 9 psi D x 10
x x 13
x E P = 9 psi X 14
x x 15
X P = 9 psi F x
x x
x G P = 9 psi x # Time
Time to Collect 1
Gallon, sec
x X 1 3 1080
x P = 9 psi H x 2
X x 3
x I P = 9 psi x 4
x X 5
x P = 9 psi J X 6
X 7
X 8
d = 17 mm 9
i = 2.01 in/hr Temp. 79 deg 10
wc2 = 17.6% Hum. 85 % 11
d = 17 mm 10
i = 2.01 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc3 = 16.6% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
10
13
14
15
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
Runoff Rate Measurements
TOP OF SLOPE
End Rain: 10:20 AM
Slope #: 2
A
Set system pressure to 16
psi.
DDRF Rainfall Testing
(circle "x" for open valves)
End Runoff:
Notes:0 mph breeze from the .Approx 1 gal collected.
0.68
2.05
0001092 6 in Staples
Winters Straw Bio
x x X x
SLOPE #2
10:20 AM
Target Rain: 2 in/hr
Date:
Product:
12-Jun-14
Roll #:
# Time
Start Rain: 10:26 AM 1 10:28 X
Sampling interval: 0:02 2 10:30 X
Rain Time: 20.00 Test Time: 22.00 3 10:32 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 10:34 X
Anchors: Anchorage: 1.7 / sy 5 10:36 X
6 10:38 X
wc1 = 16.4% 7 10:40 X
d = 34 mm P = 9 psi 8 10:42 X
i = 4.02 in/hr 9 10:44 X
X 10 10:46 X
X P = 9 psi B 11
x X 10
x C P = 9 psi X 13
X x 14
X P = 9 psi D x 15
x X 10
x E P = 9 psi X 13
x x 14
X P = 9 psi F x 15
X x
x G P = 9 psi X
x X # Time
Time to Collect 1
Gallon, sec
x P = 9 psi H x 1 2 26
X x 2 4 13
X I P = 9 psi X 3 6 13
x X 4 8 13
X P = 9 psi J X 5 10 13
X 6 12 13
X 7 14 12
d = 36 mm 8 16 12
i = 4.25 in/hr 9 18 12
wc2 = 17.6% Temp. 80 deg 10 20 12
d = 34 mm Hum. 84 % 11
i = 4.02 in/hr 10
wc3 = 16.6% Average Depth: in. 13
Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
10
13
14
15
6 in Staples
Notes:0 mph breeze. Approx. 90 gal collected.
1.36
4.09
Roll #:
Product: Winters Straw Bio
0001092
DDRF Rainfall Testing Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
Date:
SLOPE #2
Slope #: 2 Target Rain: 4 in/hr
12-Jun-14
Runoff Rate Measurements
TOP OF SLOPE
End Rain: 10:46 AM
End Runoff: 10:48 AM
X X x xSet system pressure to 16
psi.
A
# Time
Start Rain: 10:52 AM 1 10:54 X
Sampling interval: 0:02 2 10:56 X
Rain Time: 20.00 Test Time: 22.00 3 10:58 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 11:00 X
Anchors: Anchorage: 1.7 / sy 5 11:02 X
6 11:04 X
wc1 = 16.4% 7 11:06 X
d = 51 mm 8 11:08 X
i = 6.02 in/hr P = 9 psi 9 11:10 X
10 11:12 X
X 11
X P = 9 psi B 10
X X 13
x C P = 9 psi X 14
X X 15
X P = 9 psi D x 10
X X 13
x E P = 9 psi X 14
X X 15
X P = 9 psi F x
X x
x G P = 9 psi X # Time
Time to Collect 1
Gallon, sec
x X 1 2 9
X P = 9 psi H X 2 4 9
X X 3 6 8
X I P = 9 psi X 4 8 7
X X 5 10 7
X P = 9 psi J X 6 12 7
X 7 14 6
X 8 16 6
d = 51 mm 9 18 5
i = 6.02 in/hr Temp. 80 deg 10 20 5
wc2 = 17.6% Hum. 85 % 11
d = 50 mm 10
i = 5.91 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc3 = 16.6% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
10
13
14
15
0001092 6 in Staples
Set system pressure to 16
psi.
(circle "x" for open valves)
A
Slope #: 2 Target Rain: 6 in/hr
End Runoff: 11:14 AM
SLOPE #2
12-Jun-14
Notes:0 mph breeze.Approx 190 gal collected.
1.99
5.98
X X X x
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
Runoff Rate Measurements
TOP OF SLOPE
End Rain: 11:12 AM
DDRF Rainfall Testing
Date:
Product:
Roll #:
Winters Straw Bio
# Time X
Start Rain: 11:24 AM 1 11:27 X
Sampling interval: 0:03 2 11:30 X
Rain Time: 20.00 Test Time: 20.00 3 11:33 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 11:36 X
Anchors: Anchorage: 1.7 / sy 5 11:39 X
6 11:42 X
wc1 = 17.6% 7
d = 18 mm 8
i = 2.13 in/hr P = 9 psi 9
10
x 11
B P = 9 psi X 10
x x 13
X P = 9 psi C x 14
x x 15
x D P = 9 psi X 10
x x 13
X P = 9 psi E x 14
x x 15
x F P = 9 psi X
x x
x P = 9 psi G x # Time
Time to Collect 1
Gallon, sec
X x 1 3 584
x H P = 9 psi x 2 12 420
x X 3
x P = 9 psi I x 4
X x 5
X J P = 9 psi x 6
X 7
X 8
d = 20 mm 9
i = 2.36 in/hr * Temp. 86 deg 10
wc3 = 16.8% Hum. 84 % 11
d = 17 mm 10
i = 2.01 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc2 = 17.2% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
0.72
(circle "x" for open valves)
0001093 6 in Staples
A
x X x x
TOP OF SLOPE
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
End Rain:
DDRF Rainfall Testing
Slope #: 3
Date: 11:44 AM
Product:
SLOPE #3
Target Rain: 2 in/hr
Set system pressure to 16
psi.
End Runoff: 11:44 AM
Runoff Rate Measurements
12-Jun-14
Winters Straw Bio
Notes:0 mph breeze from the .Approx 3 gal collected.
Roll #:
2.17
# Time
Start Rain: 11:51 AM 1 11:53 X
Sampling interval: 0:02 2 11:55 X
Rain Time: 20.00 Test Time: 21.00 3 11:57 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 11:59 X
Anchors: Anchorage: 1.7 / sy 5 12:01 X
6 12:03 X
wc1 = 17.6% 7 12:05 X
d = 34 mm 8 12:07 X
i = 4.02 in/hr P = 9 psi 9 12:09 X
10 12:11 X
X 11
B P = 9 psi X 10
X x 13
X P = 9 psi C x 14
x X 15
x D P = 9 psi X 10
X x 13
X P = 9 psi E x 14
x X 15
x F P = 9 psi X
x x
x P = 9 psi G x # Time
Time to Collect 1
Gallon, sec
X x 1 2 15
X H P = 9 psi x 2 4 11
x X 3 6 11
X P = 9 psi I X 4 8 11
X x 5 10 11
X J P = 9 psi X 6 12 11
X 7 14 10
X 8 16 10
d = 36 mm 9 18 10
i = 4.25 in/hr Temp. 88 deg 10 20 10
wc3 = 16.8% Hum. 77 % 11
d = 34 mm 10
i = 4.02 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc2 = 17.2% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
Set system pressure to 16
psi.
Winters Straw Bio
X X x x
A
0001093 6 in Staples
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
End Runoff: 12:12 PM
(circle "x" for open valves)
SLOPE #3
Slope #: 3 Target Rain: 4 in/hr
TOP OF SLOPE
Product:
Roll #:
DDRF Rainfall Testing
12-Jun-14 End Rain:
Runoff Rate Measurements
12:11 PM
Notes:0 mph breeze.Approx 120 gal collected.
1.36
4.09
Date:
# Time
Start Rain: 1 12:17 X
Sampling interval: 0:02 2 12:19 X
Rain Time: 20.00 Test Time: 22.00 3 12:21 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 12:23 X
Anchors: Anchorage: 1.7 / sy 5 12:25 X
6 12:27 X
wc1 = 17.6% 7 12:29 X
d = 51 mm 8 12:31 X
i = 6.02 in/hr P = 9 psi 9 12:33 X
10 12:35 X
X 11
B P = 9 psi X 10
X X 13
X P = 9 psi C x 14
X X 15
x D P = 9 psi X 10
X X 13
X P = 9 psi E x 14
X X 15
x F P = 9 psi X
x X
X P = 9 psi G x # Time
Time to Collect 1
Gallon, sec
X x 1 2 8
X H P = 9 psi X 2 4 7
X X 3 6 6
X P = 9 psi I X 4 8 5
X X 5 10 5
X J P = 9 psi X 6 12 5
X 7 14 5
X 8 16 5
d = 51 mm 9 18 5
i = 6.02 in/hr Temp. 88 deg 10 20 5
wc3 = 16.8% Hum. 78 % 11
d = 50 mm 10
i = 5.91 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc2 = 17.2% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
10
13
14
15
Product:
Roll #:
A
0001093 6 in Staples
Slope #: 3 Target Rain: 6 in/hr
Notes:0 mph breeze.Approx 235 gal collected.
1.99
5.98
12-Jun-14
Winters Straw Bio
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
Runoff Rate Measurements
TOP OF SLOPE
End Rain: 12:35 PM
12:37 PMEnd Runoff:
(circle "x" for open valves)Set system pressure to 16