Korea Genebank,National Agrobiodiversity Center

Korea Genebank, National Agrobiodiversity Center

Korea Gene bank

Rural Development Administration

Overview

General View of Korea Genebank(NAC) and its activities

Current status of Germplasm holdings in NAC

Integrated PGR Management System

Current Research Activities

My research activities

Mission

Introduction & Collection

Useful species for crop improvement

Traditional landrace

Wild relatives of crop species

Conservation

Periodic viability tests

Multiplication

Evaluation & Characterization

Nationwide collaborative projects

Database construction

Utilization, Distribution & Exchange

Public & private users

Distribution of seeds and information

Rural Development Administration

Rural Development Administration

Planning and Managenment Office

Research Management Bureau

Extension Service Bureau

Farm Management and Information Office

Audit and Legal Affairs Office

Communication & Media Office

General Services Division

National Inst. of Ag. Science & Technology

National Inst. of Ag. Biotechnology

National Inst. of Ag. Engineering

National Horticultural Research Inst.

National Livestock Research Inst.

National Institute of Crop Science

National Inst. of Highland Agriculture

National Jeju Ag. Experiment Stn.

Korea National Agricultural College

Provincial Ag. Research

& Extension Services

City/county Ag.

Development

& Technology Centers

Region-specific Crop

Experiment Station

Provincial

govemor

City(county)

mayor

Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

Rural Development Administration(RDA)

National Institute of Agricultural

Biotechnology(NIAB)

Nat’l Agrobiodiversity Center

(Korea Genebank)

Genetic Resources

Council (GRC)

Germplasm Advisory

Committee(GAC)

Collection &

Introduction

Integrated management of national

germplasm conservation

Documentation & Information

Network

Organization and function for national genetic resources system in Korea

(2)

Evaluation &

Regeneration

(6)

Conservation &

Distribution

(4)

(5) (2)

19 researchers

4 technicians

Storage Facilities

Room designation Capabilities Area Temperature Humidity

Storage Facilities

Long-term

Mid-term

Seed Drying Room

Packing Room

Laboratories &

Others

500,000 samples

500,000 samples

3~6% seed moisture

content

Reducing infiltration of

moisture

Monitoring seed viability,

machinery & database,

management

264

795

54

98

8,296

-18 + 1

4 + 1

15 + 3

20 + 3

Air-conditioned

m 2 oC %RH

40

30

10 + 5

30 + 5

Ambient

conditions

* An international standard recommended by IPGRI

Automated Long-term Storage Facility

Mid-term Storage Facility

Vacuumed aluminum foil pack and plastic bottle with silica gel indicator are used for long- & mid-term packing, respectively

Bar-code system for each accession

Cereal crops

76%

Vegetables & fruit

trees

10%

Industrial &

medicinal plants

12% Forage crops &

others

2%

Germplasm holdings

Crops

Cereal cropsVegetables & fruit treesIndustrial & medicinalplantsForage crops & others

No. of species

414462258

643

1,777

No. of accessions

116,22514,71918,555

3,807

153,306

No. of landrace accessions

22,974 (19.9%)5,188 (28.1%)2,346 (16.3%)

361 (9.5%)

20.5%

Germplasm collections in the NAC (2006)

Germplasm holdings

Collections of vegetatively propagating plants

Crops

Fruit treesFlowersVegetablesMedicinal plantsFiber cropsShrubs & grassesTuber and Others

Total

No. of species

253224463

32239

491

No. of accessions

7,2294,5852,2633,685155829

4,376

23,122

Flowers

20%Vegetables

10%

Medicinal plants

16%

Fiber crops

1%

Shrubs & grasses

4%

Tuber and Others

19%Fruit trees

30%

단백질 공급원의 효자종자, 콩

Gaeseongbaechoo Joseonjaerae roots of landrace cabbages

Soobicho Eumseongjaerae

Landrace peppers

Landrace Chinese cabbages

김치문화의 견인종자, 배추와 무

Hanyangjo Nokdudo

Hanagarikong

Landrace rice

Landrace soybeans

vegetables

738acc(27.8%)

Industrial grops

124acc(4.7%) Cereals and

Legumes

1789acc(67.5%)

Wild species conserved in NAC

Total: 2,651 accessions

Germplasm Exploration and Collection

Crop-specific collaborative explorations with different countries,

like Russia, Mongolia, Uzbekistan, Nepal and other Central Asian

Regions have been done since 1997

Bilateral Agreement on PGR Exchange

Collaborative research and explorations under the MOU

Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan, Bulgaria, China and IPGRI-APO

Germplasm Exploration and Collection

Domestic explorations and collections were targeted to landraces

and wild relatives.

Landraces were collected directly from farmers and/or various sources such as research centers and universities.

Wild relatives were explored and collected from mountainous, islands, basins and hinter lands

Characterization and Evaluation

Since 1991, the NAC has been designated as a Center for World Sesame germplasm collection by FAO and IPGRI, and 1,600 accessions have been characterized and evaluated.

Crops

CerealsIndustrial &Medicinal plantsVegetablesOthers

Total

No. of conserved accessions

115,65818,461

14,3453,805

152,269

No. of characterized accessions

92,01911,121

8,1291,501

112,770

Ratio (%)

79.660.2

56.639.4

74.1

Characterization and Evaluation

1. Chinese Cabbage Landrace

2. Screening of Clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae) Resistance

3. characteristics of plant and spike type of weedy rice

토종유전자원 DNA 뱅크구축

Seedling for DNA extraction Genetic analysis

DNA Bank Construction for Korean Landraces

Landraces and rice core collection

Regeneration

Seed viability test is carried out every 5 to 10 years for the medium term storage, and every 10 to 20 years for the long-term storage.

Seeds with less than 80% have to be regenerated.

Regeneration of stored germplasm has been carried out in coordination between the NAC and affiliated experimental stations designated as national PGR centers.

Viability level <20% 20~60% 61~80% >81%

Ratio(%) 3.6 10.2 14.8 71.3

Germplasm Distribution & Utilization

Over 198,000 samples and elite lines, varieties, genetic stocks, improved cultivars of agronomic importance have been distributed

These materials have been used by various institutes for their crop improvement program

Distribution of germplasm has been sought with “no charge”

PeriodsDomestic

UsersForeign

InstitutesTotal

19852003 191,673 6,960 198,633

Documentation & Information Networking

Passport, stock, image, characterization, evaluation and distribution data etc. can be accessed at http://genebank.rda.go.kr/.

Network System

SubGenebank

Comprehensive

Networking of Ag.

PGR

Intranet

Information Man.

of PGR

Univ. & Private

Institutes

Intranet

Seed

Veg.Prop.

In vitro

Cryo

DNA ….

Web Master/

Manager

Man. PGR &

Contents

(C/S, Intranet)

General Client

Internet

Search for PGR Inf.

& Inquire Material

Transfer

Info. Exch.

Info. Sharing of PGR

Main Genebank

Sharing of GR

Documentation

Integrated PGR Management System

Sub-Genebank

4 Institutes w/ 12 Div.

8 Prov. RDA w/ 11 Div. & RS

Clonal Germplasm Repository

6 Institutes w/ 16 Div.

9 Prov.RDA w/ 29 Div.& RS

Designated PGR Centers

17 Univ. Research Labs

1 State-run Research Institute

NAC

Germplasm Exploration, Collection, Introduction, & Exchange

Long-term and Mid-term Storage

NAC HQ

NICS : Rice, Corn

NHRI : Vegetables, Flowers

NIHA: Carrot

Kyungbuk : Pepper

Kyunggi : Job’s tears

Honam R.I. : Rice, Wheat

Kangwon : Corn

Chungbuk: Cherry Tomato

Youngnam E. St. : Legumes

Kyungnam : Onion

Chunnam : Mung bean

Chungbuk: Water melon

Sub-Genebank

NICS: Medicinal Plants

NHRI : Fruit trees, Flowering trees

NIHA : Potato

Daegu : Apple

Kyunggi RDA : Cactus

Honam NICS : Herbs

Gangwon RDA : Mountain Herbs

Chungbuk : Grape

Youngnam : Peony

Kyungnam : Chrysanthemum

Naju E.St : Pear

Mokpo E.St : Garlic

NationalJeju Ag. Exp. St.: Citrus fruits

Chungnam RDA : Strawberry

Chunbuk RDA : Herbs

Chunnam : Tea

Kyungbuk : Persimmon

Jeju P.RDA : Citrus fruits, Cymbidium

Clonal Germplasm Repository

SNU : Rice, Bacteria

Korea Univ. : Herbs, Fungi

SWU: Virus

Kunkuk Uni. : Rice

Chungang Uni. Cucurbita

KAERI : Soybean

Mokwon Uni. : Bacteria

Chungnam Univ. Corn,

Brassica.

Kyungsang Univ. : Soybean, Barley

Chungbuk Univ. : Legumes

Kangwon Uni.: Perilla

Kyungbuk Univ.: Lily

Designated PGR Centers

Current Research Activities on the Conservation and Utilization of PGRs

In-situ Conservation

Surveying genetic diversity of wild soybean and Vigna species

Surveying weedy rice throughout the nation

Supporting on-farm management to restore diversity of landraces on farmers’ field

Evolutionary studies of genome diversification using molecular methods

Ex-situ Conservation

Collection and conservation of wild species of soybean (Glycine soja), Vigna, Brassica and weedy rice were conducted from their natural habitats or farmers’ field

Habitats of wild radish and leaf mustard

Ex-situ Conservation

Development of national safe conservation system for genetic stocks and mutant lines for functional genomic research

Expansion of vegetatively propagated collections to universities and private sectors

Development of in vitro and cryopreservation technology for garlic, potato and ginseng

Photographs of cotyledonary embryonic axis and plantlet formationfrom the cryopreserved samples of tea

Cryopreservation of V. P. plants

Ginseng seeds

GarlicDroplet vitrification

Garlic

Utilization of Plant Genetic Resources

Strengthening of evaluation for industrial uses of PGRs

Development of landrace core collection of rice, soybean, corn

and sesame based on agronomic characters and molecular

markers

Developing DNA profiles of core sets of main crops including

under utilized crops and vegetatively propagated crops

Molecular characterization & allele mining of genebank

accessions including EcoTILLING technology

Constructing expression profiles of resistant genes using RNA

profiles including DNA chip analysis

A case study for developing a core set of rice collection using theheuristic algorithm.

Heuristic Algorithm Core Set: 168 accessions, 1.62% Original Population: 10,368 accessions

My Research Activities

Diversity of Legume

Glycine soja : in situ conservation & diversity

development of collecting SOP

Vigna : Molecular systematics on the genus VignaGenetic diversity of V. nakashimae & wild adzuki bean

Re-identification of Korean Soybean landraces

selected representative 53 accessions

Selection of representative landrace soybean (Gumgangdaerip) – morphological & molecular data

Molecular systematics on Vigna

cpDNA TrnL-F intron & TrnL intergenic spacer

nrDNA ITS

Maximum parsimony analysis

- if the genus Vigna is monophyletic

- if the relationship among the subgenera is supported

- if the subgenus Plectotropisis a bridge between African and Asian Vigna