Introduction to Linguistics Wardani D. W, M.Pd STKIP PGRI JOMBANG
Dec 23, 2015
Introduction to Linguistics
Wardani D. W,
M.PdSTKIP PGRI JOMBANG
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
A. Definition of Linguistic B. History of Linguistics
1. Antiquity (Old English)2. Middle Ages (Middle English)3. Modern Linguistics (Modern
English)
A. Definition of Linguistic
The scientific study of language and its structure
phoneticssyntaxgrammar
Linguistics
B. History of Linguistics
1. Antiquit
y (Old English)
• Before 8th century• disambiguate
discourse, • ritual texts or in
arguments,• word meanings are
derived from sentential usage.
B. History of Linguistics
2. Middl
e Ages (Midd
le English)
• 8th – 13th century• terms of expanding
Islam, • ritual texts or in
arguments,• universal grammar.
B. History of Linguistics
3. Mode
rn Linguistics (Modern
English)
• 18th century - present• linguistics contains
increasing, • as the recovery of speech
ability,• linguistic principles and
theories of language teaching and learning.
CHAPTER II: The Nature of Language
a phenomenon that one may naturally be tempted to explore it further.
“What is language”?
a system of arbitrary vocal symbols by means of which a social group co-operates
Bloch and Trager (1942)
A symbols is sound
ARBITRARY VOCAL SYMBOLS
A symbol is a form
Phonic medium Graphic medium
SPOKEN WRITTEN
CHAPTER II: The Nature of Language
speech is basic and writing is only secondary
Primacy of speech
a composite definition of language
Systematic A Set Of Arbitrary Symbols. Primarily Vocal, But May Also Be Visual. Conventionalized Meanings To Which They
Refer. Used For Communication. Operates In A Speech Community Or Culture. Essentially Human, Although Possibly Not
Limited To Humans. Acquired By All People In Much The Same
Way; Language And Language Learning Both Have Universal Characteristics
Brown, H.D. (2000, p. 5)
CHAPTER III: The Scope of Linguistic
General linguistic
concepts and categories of a particular language
Micro linguistic
Macro linguistic
internal view of language itself
external view of language itself
General linguistic
analyzed theory of the language
Descriptive linguistic
Some fields of micro linguistic
Micro linguistic
Phonetics Phonology
Morphology Syntax
Semantics Pragmatics
Discourse analysis Applied linguistic
Some fields of macro linguistic
Macro linguistic
Stylistics Developmental linguistics Historical or Diachronic
linguistics Language geography Evolutionary linguistics Psycholinguistics Sociolinguistics Clinical linguistics Neurolinguistics Biolinguistics
CHAPTER IV: Language Acquisition
First language acquisition
learning first language or childhood
basic physical capability of sending and receiving sounds
Second language acquisition
learning native language
the ability to learn more than one language