Introduction to 3G

• 1. Introduction To 3G
  BySherjeelChughtai (FAST-NU)
  (Founder of Telecom Pak Group)
  

2. Communication tools dont get socially interesting
Until they get technologically boring.
Clay Shirky
3. 3Gor3rd generation mobile telecommunications, is a generation of standards formobile phonesandmobile telecommunicationservices fulfilling theInternational Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT 2000)specifications by theInternational Telecommunication Union.
4. Generation Standards
0G
MTSMTAMTBMTCIMTSMTDATSOLT Autoradiopuhelin
1G
AMPSfamily
AMPS(TIA/EIA/IS-3, ANSI/TIA/EIA-553)N-AMPS (TIA/EIA/IS-91)TACSETACS
5. 2G
GSM/3GPPfamily
GSMCSD
3GPP2family
cdmaOne(TIA/EIA/IS-95and ANSI-J-STD 008)
AMPSfamily
D-AMPS(IS-54andIS-136)
Other
CDPDiDENPDCPHS
6. 2G transitional (2.5G, 2.75G)
GSM/3GPPfamily
HSCSDGPRSEDGE/EGPRS(UWC-136)
3GPP2family
CDMA2000 1X(TIA/EIA/IS-2000)1X Advanced
Other
WiDEN
7. 2G
IS-95
IS-136 & PDC
GSM-
GPRS
IS-95B
2.5G
EDGE
HSCSD
Cdma2000-1xRTT
W-CDMA
Cdma2000-1xEV,DV,DO
EDGE
3G
TD-SCDMA
Cdma2000-3xRTT
3GPP
3GPP2
From 2G to 3G
8. 3G
3GPPfamily
UMTS(UTRAN)WCDMA-FDDWCDMA-TDDUTRA-TDD LCR (TD-SCDMA)
3GPP2family
CDMA20001xEV-DO Release 0(TIA/IS-856)
9. 3G transitional(3.5G, 3.75G, 3.9G)
3GPPfamily
HSPAHSPA+LTE(E-UTRA)
3GPP2family
CDMA20001xEV-DO Revision A(TIA/EIA/IS-856-A)EV-DO Revision B(TIA/EIA/IS-856-B)DO Advanced
IEEEfamily
Mobile WiMAX(IEEE 802.16e-2005)
Flash-OFDMIEEE 802.20
10. 4G (IMT-Advanced)
3GPPfamily
LTE Advanced
IEEEfamily
WiMAX-Advanced(IEEE 802.16m)
5G
Under development, no approved standard
11. International Telecommunication Union
TheInternational Telecommunication Union(Union internationale des tlcommunications, in French) is the specialized agency of theUnited Nationswhich is responsible for information and communication technologies.
ITU coordinates the shared global use of the radio spectrum, promotes international cooperation in assigning satellite orbits, works to improve telecommunication infrastructure in the developing world and establishes worldwide standards.
12. IMT-2000 (International Mobile Telecommunications-2000)
Global standard adopted by the ITU for third generation (3G) wireless communications
Associations
IMT-2000 is based on
WCDMA
IMT-2000 implements
Telephony Network
13. W-CDMA
W-CDMA(WidebandCode Division Multiple Access),UMTS-FDD,UTRA-FDD, orIMT-2000CDMA Direct Spreadis anair interface standard found in3Gmobile telecommunicationsnetworks.
14. W-CDMA Sphere
15. Application services Of 3G
Wide-areawirelessvoicetelephone
Mobile Internetaccess
Video calls
Mobile TV
16. Application services Of 3G
Tele Medicine
Mobile Tv
Video Conferencing
17. Recent releases of 3G
Recent 3G releases, often denoted3.5Gand3.75G, also providemobile broadbandaccess of severalMbits/stosmartphones and mobile modemsin laptop computers.
18. Standards Of 3G
UMTSsystem
TD-SCDMAradio interface.
The latest UMTS release,HSPA+
CDMA2000system
GSM EDGE standard ("2.9G")
DECTcordless phones
MobileWiMAX
19. History of 3G
The 3G (UMTS and CDMA2000) research and development projects started in 1992.
In 1999, ITU approved five radio interfaces for IMT-2000 as a part of the ITU-R M.1457 Recommendation;WiMAXwas added in 2007.
20. History of 3G
The first pre-commercial 3G network was launched byNTT DoCoMoin Japan, branded asFOMA. It was first available in May 2001 as a pre-release (test) of
W-CDMAtechnology.
The first commercial launch of 3G was also by NTT DoCoMo in Japan on 1 October 2001, although it was initially somewhat limited in scope;broader availability of the system was delayed by apparent concerns over its reliability.
21. History of 3G
The second network to go commercially live was bySK Telecomin South Korea on the CDMA-based1xEV-DOtechnology in January 2002. By May 2002 the second South Korean 3G network was byKTon EV-DO and thus the Koreans were the first to see competition among 3G operators.
22. History of 3G
The first European pre-commercial network was anUTMSnetwork on theIsle of ManbyManx Telecom, the operator then owned byBritish Telecom, and the first commercial network (also UTMS basedW-CDMA) in Europe was opened for business byTelenorin December 2001.
23. History of 3G
The first commercial United States 3G network was byMonet Mobile Networks, onCDMA20001x EV-DO technology, but this network provider later shut down operations.
The second 3G network operator in the USA wasVerizon Wirelessin October 2003 also on CDMA2000 1x EV-DO.
24. By June 2007, the 200 millionth 3G subscriber had been connected. Out of 3 billion mobile phone subscriptions worldwide this is only 6.7%. In the countries where 3G was launched first Japan and South Korea 3G penetration is over 70%.
25. In Europe the leading country is Italy with a third of its subscribers migrated to 3G. Other leading countries by 3G migration include UK, Austria, Australia and Singapore at the 20% migration level.
26. A confusing statistic is counting CDMA2000 1x RTT customers as if they were 3G customers. If using this definition, then the total 3G subscriber base would be 475 million at June 2007 and 15.8% of all subscribers worldwide.
27. Adoption of 3G
3G was relatively slow to be adopted globally. In some instances, 3G networks do not use the same radio frequencies as2Gso mobile operators must build entirely new networks and license entirely new frequencies, especially so to achieve high-end data transmission rates. Other delays were due to the expenses of upgrading transmission hardware, especially forUMTS, whose deployment required the replacement of most broadcast towers. Due to these issues and difficulties with deployment, many carriers were not able to or delayed acquisition of these updated capabilities.
28. Adoption of 3G
In December 2007, 190 3G networks were operating in 40 countries and 154HSDPAnetworks were operating in 71 countries, according to the Global Mobile Suppliers Association (GSA). In Asia, Europe, Canada and the USA, telecommunication companies useW-CDMA technology with the support of around 100 terminal designs to operate 3G mobile networks.
29. Adoption of 3G
Roll-out of 3G networks was delayed in some countries by the enormous costs of additional spectrum licensing fees. The license fees in some European countries wereparticularly high, bolstered by government auctions of a limited number of licenses and sealed bid auctions, and initial excitement over 3G's potential.
30. Adoption of 3G
The 3G standard is perhaps well known because of a massive expansion of the mobile communications market post-2G and advances of the consumer phone. An especially notable development during this time is thesmartphoneleading to widespread demand for mobile internet connectivity. 3G has also introduced the term "mobile broadband" because its speed and capability make it a viable alternative for internet browsing, and USB Modems connecting to 3G networks are becoming increasingly common.
31. Features
Security
3G networks offer greater security than their 2G predecessors. By allowing the UE (User Equipment) to authenticate the network it is attaching to, the user can be sure the network is the intended one and not an impersonator. 3G networks use theKASUMIblock crypto instead of the olderA5/1stream cipher. However, a number of serious weaknesses in the KASUMI cipher have been identified
32. Features
Data rates
ITU has not provided a clear definition of the data rate users can expect from 3G equipment or providers.
Improved flexibility
Improved Security
33. Services Roadmap
Push-to-talk
GSM
9.6
kbps
WCDMA
2
Mbps
EGPRS
473
kbps
GPRS
171
kbps
HSDPA
1-10
Mbps
CDMA2000-EVDO
CDMA2000-EVDV
CDMA2000 1x
Improved performance, decreasing cost of delivery
Broadband
in wide area
3G-specific services take advantage of higher bandwidth and/or real-time QoS
Video sharing
Video telephony
Real-time IP
multimedia and games
Multicasting
A number of mobile services are bearer independent in nature
Multitasking
WEBbrowsing
Corporate data access
Streaming audio/video
MMS picture / video
xHTML browsing
Application downloading
E-mail
Presence/location
Voice & SMS
34. Evolution
Both3GPPand3GPP2are currently working on extensions to 3G standard that are based on anall-IP network infrastructureand using advanced wireless technologies such asMIMO, these specifications already display features characteristic forIMT-Advanced(4G), the successor of 3G. However, falling short of the bandwidth requirements for 4G (which is 1 Gbit/s for stationary and 100 Mbit/s for mobile operation), these standards are classified as 3.9G or Pre-4G.
35. Evolution
3GPP plans to meet the 4G goals withLTE Advanced, whereas Qualcomm has halted development of UMB in favour of the LTE family.
On 14 December 2009, TeliaSonera announced in an official press release that "We are very proud to be the first operator in the world to offer our customers 4G services."With the launch of their LTE network, initially they are offeringpre-4G(orbeyond 3G) services in Stockholm, Sweden and Oslo, Norway
36. Conclusion
3G is an exciting new technology that is being incorporated into mobile devices across the globe. Users are now able to make person-to-person calls, download data and do a variety of other tasks they never imagined possible all via their 3G cell phones
37. The dwarf sees farther than the giant, when he has the giant's shoulders to mount on.- Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Friend (sect. I, essay VIII)
38. Special Thanks To Engr. DaudChanna
(IT Faculty Head FAST-NU)
39. THE END