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Page 1: Internet of Things - buyya.combuyya.com/papers/IoT-Book2016-C1.pdfInternet of Things Principles and Paradigms Rajkumar Buyya Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory
Page 2: Internet of Things - buyya.combuyya.com/papers/IoT-Book2016-C1.pdfInternet of Things Principles and Paradigms Rajkumar Buyya Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory

Internet of ThingsPrinciples and Paradigms

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Page 4: Internet of Things - buyya.combuyya.com/papers/IoT-Book2016-C1.pdfInternet of Things Principles and Paradigms Rajkumar Buyya Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory

Internet of ThingsPrinciples and Paradigms

Rajkumar BuyyaCloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory

Department of Computing and Information Systems

The University of Melbourne, Australia

Manjrasoft Pty Ltd, Australia

Amir Vahid DastjerdiCloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory

Department of Computing and Information Systems

The University of Melbourne, Australia

Edited by

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-

-

Notices

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Publisher:

Acquisition Editor:

Editorial Project Manager:

Project Manager:

Designer:

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v

Contents

PART I IoT ECOSYSTEM CONCEPTS AND ARCHITECTURES

CHAPTER 1 Internet of Things: An Overview 3

F. Khodadadi, A.V. Dastjerdi, R. Buyya

1.1

1.2 5

5

5

5

5

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

1.9

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vi Contents

1.10

1.11

1.12

CHAPTER 2 Open Source Semantic Web Infrastructure for Managing IoT Resources in the Cloud 29

N. Kefalakis, S. Petris, C. Georgoulis, J. Soldatos

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

CHAPTER 3 Device/Cloud Collaboration Framework for Intelligence Applications 49

Y. Yoon, D. Ban, S. Han, D. An, E. Heo

3.1

3.2

3.3 50

50

3.4

3.5

3.6

CHAPTER 4 Fog Computing: Principles, Architectures, and Applications 61

A.V. Dastjerdi, H. Gupta, R.N. Calheiros, S.K. Ghosh, R. Buyya

4.1

4.2

4.3

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viiContents

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

PART II IoT ENABLERS AND SOLUTIONS

CHAPTER 5 Programming Frameworks for Internet of Things 79

J. Krishnamurthy, M. Maheswaran

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.5

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viii Contents

CHAPTER 6 Virtualization on Embedded Boards as Enabling Technology for the Cloud of Things 103

B. Bardhi, A. Claudi, L. Spalazzi, G. Taccari, L. Taccari

6.1

6.2

6.3

6.4

6.5

6.6

CHAPTER 7 Micro Virtual Machines (MicroVMs) for Cloud-Assisted Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) 125

J.V. Pradilla, C.E. Palau

7.1

7.2

7.3

7.4

7.5

7.6

7.7

7.8

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ixContents

PART III IoT DATA AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

CHAPTER 8 Stream Processing in IoT: Foundations, State-of-the-Art, and Future Directions 145

X. Liu, A.V. Dastjerdi, R. Buyya

8.1

8.2

8.3

8.4

8.5

CHAPTER 9 A Framework for Distributed Data Analysis for IoT 163

M. Moshtaghi, C. Leckie, S. Karunasekera

9.1

9.2

9.3

9.4

9.5

9.6

9.7

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x Contents

PART IV IoT RELIABILITY, SECURITY, AND PRIVACY

CHAPTER 10 Security and Privacy in the Internet of Things 183

V. Chellappan, K.M. Sivalingam

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

CHAPTER 11 Internet of Things—Robustness and Reliability 201

S. Sarkar

11.1

11.2

11.3

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xiContents

CHAPTER 12 Governing Internet of Things: Issues, Approaches, and New Paradigms 219

M. Maheswaran, S. Misra

12.1

12.2

12.3

12.4

12.5

CHAPTER 13 TinyTO: Two-Way Authentication for Constrained Devices in the Internet of Things 239

C. Schmitt, M. Noack, B. Stiller

13.1

13.2

13.3

13.4

13.5

13.6

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xii Contents

CHAPTER 14 Obfuscation and Diversification for Securing the Internet of Things (IoT) 259

S. Hosseinzadeh, S. Hyrynsalmi, V. Leppänen

14.1

14.2

14.3

14.4

14.5

14.6

PART V IoT APPLICATIONS

CHAPTER 15 Applied Internet of Things 277

S.J. Johnston, M. Apetroaie-Cristea, M. Scott, S.J. Cox

15.1

15.2

15.3

15.4

15.5

15.6

15.7

CHAPTER 16 Internet of Vehicles and Applications 299

W. Wu, Z. Yang, K. Li

16.1

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xiiiContents

16.2

16.3

16.4

16.5

CHAPTER 17 Cloud-Based Smart-Facilities Management 319

S. Majumdar

17.1

17.2

17.3

17.4

17.5

17.6

17.7

17.8

17.9

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xv

List of Contributors

D. AnKeimyung University, Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, South Korea

M. Apetroaie-CristeaFaculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

D. BanSamsung Electronics, South Korea

B. BardhiDepartment of Information Engineering, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy

R. BuyyaCloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory, Department of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Manjrasoft Pty Ltd, Australia

R.N. CalheirosCloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory, Department of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Australia

V. ChellappanDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India

A. ClaudiADB Broadband S.p.A., Viale Sarca, Milano, Italy

S.J. CoxFaculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

A.V. DastjerdiCloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory, Department of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Australia

C. GeorgoulisAthens Information Technology, Marousi, Greece

S.K. GhoshDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India

H. GuptaDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India

S. HanSamsung Electronics, South Korea

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xvi List of Contributors

E. HeoSamsung Electronics, South Korea

S. HosseinzadehDepartment of Information Technology, University of Turku, Finland

S. HyrynsalmiDepartment of Information Technology, University of Turku, Finland

S.J. JohnstonFaculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

S. KarunasekeraDepartment of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Australia

N. KefalakisAthens Information Technology, Marousi, Greece

F. KhodadadiCloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory, Department of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Australia

J. KrishnamurthySchool of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

C. LeckieDepartment of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Australia

V. LeppänenDepartment of Information Technology, University of Turku, Finland

K. LiDepartment of Computer Science, State University of New York, NY, United States of America

X. LiuCloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory, Department of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Australia

M. MaheswaranSchool of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

S. MajumdarDepartment of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada

S. MisraEricsson Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

M. MoshtaghiDepartment of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Australia

M. NoackCommunication Systems Group CSG, Department of Informatics IFI, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland

C.E. PalauDistributed Real-Time Systems Research Group, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación at the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain

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xviiList of Contributors

S. PetrisAthens Information Technology, Marousi, Greece

J.V. PradillaEscuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación at the Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Spain

S. SarkarDepartment of CSIS, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, K.K.Birla Goa Campus, Goa, India

C. SchmittCommunication Systems Group CSG, Department of Informatics IFI, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland

M. ScottFaculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

K.M. SivalingamDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India

J. SoldatosAthens Information Technology, Marousi, Greece

L. SpalazziDepartment of Information Engineering, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy

B. StillerCommunication Systems Group CSG, Department of Informatics IFI, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland

G. TaccariPar-Tec S.p.A., Milano, Italy

L. TaccariDepartment of Information Engineering, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy

W. WuDepartment of Computer Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

Z. YangDepartment of Computer Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

Y. Yoon

Hongik University, Wausan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, South Korea

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xix

Rajkumar Buyya

-

-

-

Journal of Software: Practice and Experience

Amir Vahid Dastjerdi

About the Editors

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xxi

Preface

-

-

-

-

-

-

ORGANIZATION OF THE BOOK-

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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xxii Preface

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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xxiii

Acknowledgments

-

Rajkumar Buyya

The University of Melbourne and Manjrasoft Pty Ltd, Australia

Amir Vahid Dastjerdi

The University of Melbourne, Australia

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PART

1 INTERNET OF THINGS: AN OVERVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2 OPEN SOURCE SEMANTIC WEB INFRASTRUCTURE FOR MANAGING IoT RESOURCES IN THE CLOUD. . . . . . . . 29

3 DEVICE/CLOUD COLLABORATION FRAMEWORK FOR INTELLIGENCE APPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

4 FOG COMPUTING: PRINCIPLES, ARCHITECTURES, AND APPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

IoT ECOSYSTEM CONCEPTS AND ARCHITECTURES

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3

CHAPTER

INTERNET OF THINGS: AN OVERVIEW

F. Khodadadi*, A.V. Dastjerdi*, R. Buyya*,**

*Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory, Department of Computing

and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Australia **Manjrasoft Pty Ltd, Australia

1.1 INTRODUCTION

-

-

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4 CHAPTER 1 INTERNET OF THINGS: AN OVERVIEW

FIG

UR

E 1

.1 Io

T E

cosy

stem

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51.2 INTERNET OF THINGS DEFINITION EVOLUTION

1.2 INTERNET OF THINGS DEFINITION EVOLUTION

1.2.1 IoT EMERGENCE

-

-

1.2.2 INTERNET OF EVERYTHING

1.2.3 INDUSTRIAL IoT

-

1.2.4 SMARTNESS IN IoT

-

-

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6 CHAPTER 1 INTERNET OF THINGS: AN OVERVIEW

1.2.5 MARKET SHARE

-

-

-

-

-

-

FIGURE 1.2 IoT Trend Forecast [13]

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71.3 IoT ARCHITECTURES

1.2.6 HUMAN IN THE LOOP

-

1.2.7 IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LIFE

-

-

-

1.3 IoT ARCHITECTURES

-

-

-

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8 CHAPTER 1 INTERNET OF THINGS: AN OVERVIEW

-

-

1.3.1 SOA-BASED ARCHITECTURE

FIGURE 1.3 A Reference Architecture for IoT

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91.3 IoT ARCHITECTURES

-

-

-

1.3.2 API-ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE

-

-

-

-

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10 CHAPTER 1 INTERNET OF THINGS: AN OVERVIEW

1.4 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT-

1.4.1 RESOURCE PARTITIONING

-

Containers -

-

-

-

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111.4 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

-

-

1.4.2 COMPUTATION OFFLOADING

FIGURE 1.4 Taxonomy of Resource Management in IoT

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12 CHAPTER 1 INTERNET OF THINGS: AN OVERVIEW

1.4.3 IDENTIFICATION AND RESOURCE/SERVICE DISCOVERY

-

-

-

1.5 IoT DATA MANAGEMENT AND ANALYTICS-

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131.5 IoT DATA MANAGEMENT AND ANALYTICS

-

-

1.5.1 IoT AND THE CLOUD

-

-

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14 CHAPTER 1 INTERNET OF THINGS: AN OVERVIEW

-

-

1.5.2 REAL-TIME ANALYTICS IN IoT AND FOG COMPUTING

-

-

-

-

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151.6 COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS

-

1.6 COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS

-

FIGURE 1.5 Typical Fog Computing Architecture

Table 1.1 Cloud Versus Fog

Fog Cloud

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16 CHAPTER 1 INTERNET OF THINGS: AN OVERVIEW

-

1.6.1 NETWORK LAYER

1.6.2 TRANSPORT AND APPLICATION LAYER

-

1.

FIGURE 1.6 Use of Various Protocols in IoT Communication Layers

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171.6 COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS

2.

3.

-

Table 1.2 IoT Communication Protocols Comparison

Protocol

Name

Transport

Protocol Messaging Model Security Best-Use Cases Architecture

DDS

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18 CHAPTER 1 INTERNET OF THINGS: AN OVERVIEW

1.7 INTERNET OF THINGS APPLICATIONS

-

-

-

-

-

1.7.1 MONITORING AND ACTUATING

-

-

-

-

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191.8 SECURITY

1.7.2 BUSINESS PROCESS AND DATA ANALYSIS

-

Society level

Industry level

Organizational level

Individual level

-

-

-

1.7.3 INFORMATION GATHERING AND COLLABORATIVE CONSUMPTION

-

-

1.8 SECURITY

-

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20 CHAPTER 1 INTERNET OF THINGS: AN OVERVIEW

-

-

Table 1.3 List of IoT-Related Projects

Name of Project/Product Area of Focus

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211.10 PRIVACY

1.9 IDENTITY MANAGEMENT AND AUTHENTICATION

-

-

-

-

1.10 PRIVACY

-

-

-

-

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22 CHAPTER 1 INTERNET OF THINGS: AN OVERVIEW

1.11 STANDARDIZATION AND REGULATORY LIMITATIONS-

-

-

-

1.12 CONCLUSIONS

Table 1.4 IoT Standards

Organization Name Outcome

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23REFERENCES

-

-

-

REFERENCES

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24 CHAPTER 1 INTERNET OF THINGS: AN OVERVIEW

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25REFERENCES

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26 CHAPTER 1 INTERNET OF THINGS: AN OVERVIEW

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27REFERENCES

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