International & Internal Migration AP Human Geography - Damon - 2016
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International & Internal MigrationAP Human Geography - Damon - 2016
Video made in 2011 - before current European Refugee Crisis
All Countries Have Migrants
International Migrants May Move Long Distances …
Or Regionally …
The Friction of Distance and The Gravity Model
Historical International Migration Flows
Who? Where? Why?
Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration• Every migration flow generates a return or counter
migration.
• Most migrants move a short distance.
• Migrants who move longer distances tend to choose big city destinations.
• Urban residents are less migratory than rural residents.
• Young adults are more likely to make international moves than their families.
Push and Pull Factors
Pull Factors– Economic opportunity– Safety & security– Family reunification– Political, religious or
personal freedom– Educational opportunities– Better standard of living
Push Factors– Lack of economic
opportunity– Conflict– Lack of political and/or
religious freedom– Lack of educational
opportunities– Poor standard of living– Natural disasters– Pollution
Demographic Transition Model
Population Structure
Pull Factor = Economic Opportunity
GDP Wealth
Source Countries For U.S. Immigrants
Review: What Are Remittances?
Review: Migrant vs. Refugee vs. Internally Displaced Person?
Zaatari Refugee Camp - Jordan
But Not as a Percentage of the Overall Population …
The U.S. Has More Immigrants Than Any Other Country …
U.S. Immigration Waves
Forced Migration: Atlantic Slave Trade
Modern Day Forced Migration Human Trafficking
U.S. Legal Immigration Categories
Internal or Domestic Migration
Rust Belt to Sunbelt1960s to Present
Sun Belt
What Else Happened?
North Dakota Oil Boom
And Bust …
Indian Removal Act 1830’s -1840’s
Forced Migration to Federal Lands
See Video on Wikispace For More Info
The Great Migration 1916-1930
Pull factors: job opportunities, less overt racism
1970’s to Present
Pull factors: Sun Belt economic opportunity, kinship links
Urban To Suburban Migration 1950s - 1990s
Pull factors: more open space, lower housing prices, job opportunities
Hurricane Katrina Diaspora 2005
Which of Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration can you see in action?
Pull factors: less commuting time, lower transportation costs, lower housing costs,
urban amenities
Current Suburban to Urban Trend
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