Intelli System (1)

INTELLI-SYSTEM

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF PROF. T B DAYANANDA

ByArun K

Hitesh Gowda B

Dinesh Kumar S

Navaneeth B

ABSTRACT• DETERMINE & DISPLAY THE ENERGY DRAWN FROM THE SUPPLY

OVER A PERIOD OF TIME, INSTANTANEOUS ENERGY CONSUMPTION & POWER FACTOR

• SWITCH BETWEEN TWO AVAILABLE POWER SUPPLIES

• NET METERING

• CREATE & MAINTAIN A DATABASE

• PROVIDE USER BASED & NODAL AGENCY BASED CONTROL

• MONITOR ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY THE USER AND TAKE NECESSARY ACTIONS

• FLOATING ENERGY TARIFF

OVERVIEW

BLOCK DIAGRAM

ZCD

VOLTAGE and

CURRENT SENSOR

POWER SHARING SYSTEM

MICROCONTROLLER MODULE

LCD DISPLAY

ROMGSM

MODULE (INTERNET)

LOAD

CONVENTIONAL POWER

SUPPLYRELAY

CLOUD STORAGE

ONLINE USER

INTERFACE

SUPPLIER (Distribution) INTERFACE

AC SUPPLY (230V ,50Hz)WIRELESS (INTERNET)DIGITAL SIGNAL

NON CONVENTIONAL POWER

SOURCE

NET METERING

• THE SYSTEM CONSIST OF 5 STAGES VIZ. POWER SUPPLY SWITCHING, NET METERING, MEASUREMENT, TARIFF MODEL & COMMUNICATION AND ONLINE USER INTERFACE.

• POWER SUPPLY SWITCHING - DEPENDING ON THE LOAD DEMAND POWER IS SUPPLIED BY THE COMBINATION OF AVAILABLE SOURCES.

•NET METERING - POWER CONSUMED FROM THE CONVENTIONAL SOURCE AND THE POWER GENERATED BY NON CONVENTIONAL SOURCE SENT BACK TO THE GRID ARE RECORDED.

•MEASUREMENT - ENERGY CONSUMED AND POWER FACTOR WILL BE MEASURED AND CONVERTED TO DIGITAL FORM. FURTHER IT IS SENT TO THE CLOUD FOR STORAGE.

•DATA STORAGE - THE DATA OBTAINED FROM THE

MEASUREMENT STAGE WILL BE STORED IN SEPARATE FOLDER ALLOTTED TO INDIVIDUAL USERS, THE DATA STORED IN THIS FOLDER CAN BE ACCESSED BY USER.

•ONLINE USER INTERFACE - INSTANTANEOUS ENERGY CONSUMPTION, POWER FACTOR, ENERGY CONSUMED OVER A PERIOD SHALL BE DISPLAYED ON THE WEB. THIS INFORMATION MAY BE USED BY THE USER TO ANALYZE, MONITOR ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND TO PAY THE ENERGY BILL FOR THE MONTH TO THE CONCERNED AUTHORITY.

• THE ONLINE PORTAL CAN BE USED BY THE NODAL AGENCY TO MONITOR THE ENERGY CONSUMED BY INDIVIDUAL USER’S AND TO CHECK ENERGY BILL PAYMENT.

STAGE 1POWER SUPPLY SWITCHING

• THE UNIT IS DESIGNED WITH THE SOLE OBJECTIVE OF EXTRACTING LEAST POSSIBLE POWER FROM THE UTILITY SUPPLY.

• IT IS A CONTROL SYSTEM WHICH IS DESIGNED SUCH THAT THE POWER DRAWN FROM UTILITY SUPPLY DEPENDS UPON LOAD DEMAND AS WEL AS THE AVAILBILITY OF POWER FROM THEE NON CONVENTIOINAL ENERGY SOURCE.

• CONTROL SYSTEM HAS 2 INPUTS I.E SOLAR ENERGY -BATTERY COMBINATION AND UTILITY SUPPLY.

• THE CONTROL SYSTEM IS DESIGNED TO SELECT THE ENERGY SOURCE IN FOLLOWING ORDER

1. SOLAR PANEL

2.BATTERY

3.UTILITY SUPPLY

• LOAD IS MADE TO DRAW POWER FROM SOLAR-BATTERY COMBINATION WHENEVER THEY ARE ABLE TO MEET THE DEMAND .

• IN CASE THE LOAD DEMAND IS MORE THAN THE POWER SUPPLIED BY THE SOLAR AND BATTERY COMBINED , UTILITY SUPPLY SHALL BE USED TO SUPPLY THE LOAD.

• THE SOLAR ENERGY IS USED TO CHARGE THE BATTERY . ALSO IT IS INVERTED AND SENT TO THE GRID DURING OFF PEAK PERIOD’S UPON COMPLETION OF BATTERY CHARGING.

• BATTERY IS CHARGED USING UTILITY SUPPLY ONLY DURING EMERGENCY OR DUE TO NON AVAILABILITY OF SOLAR ENERGY.

STAGE 2NET METERING

• NET METERING IS AN INCENTIVE PROGRAM BROUGHT FORTH TO ENCOURAGE CUSTOMERS REGARDING DISTRIBUTED OR LOCALISED POWER GENERATION

• CUSTOMERS OFFSET OWN ELECTRICITY USAGE

• CUSTOMERS ARE COMPENSATED FOR ANY ELECTRICITY THEY GENERATE AND DON’T USE

• IF CONSUMPTION EXCEEDS GENERATION, CUSTOMER PAYS FOR NET KWH CONSUMED

• IF GENERATION EXCEEDS CONSUMPTION, CUSTOMER RECEIVES CREDIT ON BILL FOR NET EXCESS GENERATION

• ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE

• PV SYSTEM GENERATES60,000 KWH/MONTH

• SCHOOL MONTHS

• ELECTRICITY USAGE = 80,000 KWH

• SCHOOL IS CHARGED FOR 20,000 KWH

• SUMMER MONTHS

• ELECTRICITY USAGE = 10,000 KWH

• SCHOOL IS CREDITED FOR 50,000 KWH

= Excess Generation

STAGE 3MEASUREMENT

• THE CONNECTIONS ARE MADE AS SHOWN IN THE BLOCK DIAGRAM.

• THE CURRENT SENSOR IS CONNECTED IN SERIES WITH THE LOAD IN THE LINE AS SHOWN. THE SENSOR IS PROVIDED WITH A GND AND A 5 VOLT SUPPLY (VCC).

• THE VOUT PIN OF THE CURRENT SENSOR IS CONNECTED TO EITHER THE INVERTING OR NON-INVERTING TERMINAL OF A ZERO CROSSING DETECTOR (ZCD)

• THE OUTPUT OF THE STEPDOWN TRANSFORMER IS CONNECTED TO ANOTHER ZERO CROSSING DETECTOR (ZCDV).

• THE OUTPUT OF THE TWO ZERO CROSSING DETECTOR’S ARE CONNECTED TO ANY TWO GENERAL PURPOSE I/O PORTS OF THE CONTROLLER.

• TIMER IS STARTED WHEN THE OUTPUT OF ZCDV IS HIGH AND IS STOPPED WHEN THE OUTPUT OF ZCDI GOES HIGH.

• THE TIME DIFFERENCE IS NOTED AND POWER FACTOR IS CALCULATED USING THE RELATION

• 1°=55.56MS

• THE COSINE OF THIS ANGLE IS CALCULATED AND POWER FACTOR IS DETERMINED.

• THE POWER CONSUMED BY THE CIRCUIT IS MEASURED USING THE SINGLE PHASE ENERGY METER. THE ENERGY THUS MEASURED IS FED INTO THE CONTROLLER WITH THE AID OF THE RS232 INTERFACE.

ALGORITHM• STEP 1: START

• STEP 2: DETERMINE THE TIME DELAY AND FIND OUT THE POWER-FACTOR ANGLE

• STEP 3: DETERMINE THE POWER-FACTOR OF THE GIVEN CIRCUIT

• STEP 4: DETERMINE THE ENERGY CONSUMED IN THE GIVEN CIRCUIT

• STEP 5: COMMUNICATE THE ENERGY CONSUMED AND POWER FACTOR TO THE CLOUD

• STEP 6: PERFORM USER REQUESTED COMMANDS (IF ANY)

• STEP 7: STORE THE DATA AT THE REMOTE TERMINAL

• STEP 8: REPEAT THE ABOVE STEPS AT REGULAR INTERVALS

• STEP 9: END

STAGE 4TARIFF MODEL AND COMMUNICATION

COMMUNICATION•THE TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMED & THE POWER FACTOR

PARAMETERS ARE STORED IN THE CONTROLLER.

•WITH THE HELP OF AN EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION DEVICE (GSM MODULE) , THE STORED DATA IS UPLOADED ON TO THE CLOUD STORAGE.

•THE STORED DATA WILL BE IN .XLS FORMAT.

•THE STORED DATA CONSISTS OF

•POWER FACTOR

•ENERGY CONSUMPTION MONITORED THROUGHOUT THE DAY

• INSTANTANEOUS POWER CONSUMPTION IN TERMS OF UNITS(KWH).

TARIFF MODEL

THE TARIFF PER ENERGY UNIT DEPENDS ON FOLLOWING FACTORS

• POWER FACTOR

HIGHER POWER FACTOR LEADS TO LOWER COST PER UNIT.

LOWER POWER FACTOR LEADS TO HIGHER COST PER UNIT.

• USAGE HOURS

ENERGY CONSUMED DURING PEAK HOURS LEADS TO HIGHER COST PER UNIT.

ENERGY CONSUMED DURING OFF-PEAK HOURS LEADS TO LOWER COST PER UNIT.

STAGE 5NODAL AGENCY & USER INTERFACE

• CREATE A DATABASE WHERE THE USER WILL BE PROVIDED WITH AN USER NAME AND PASSWORD TO ACCESS HIS ACCOUNT.

• BY LOGGING INTO HIS PORTAL HE CAN REVIEW THE FOLLOWING DETAILS

RR NUMBER

ENERGY CONSUMED (CONVENTIONAL SOURCE)

ENERGY GENERATED ( NON CONVENTIONAL SOURCE)

INSTANTANEOUS POWER FACTOR

COST OF ENERGY CONSUMED TILL DATE

FUTURE ENERGY CONSUMPTION(BASED ON PREVIOUS INSPECTION OF GRAPH OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION).

DEBIT OR CREDIT THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY CONSUMED OR GENERATED.

• THE DATABASE IS A REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM AND AT EVERY INSTANT OF TIME THE DATA PACKETS GETS UPLOADED THROUGH THE GIVEN MODEL.

• THE USER CAN ACCESS THE VIRTUAL POWER SUPPLY SWITCH ON THE PAGE AND CAN CONTROL THE POWER SUPPLY TO HIS RESIDENCE.

• ONLINE PAYMENT SYSTEM IS PROVIDED SO THAT AT THE USER CAN PAY THE BILL FROM HIS ACCOUNT .

• THE SERVICE PROVIDER CAN ALSO ACCESS THE DATA.

• IF THE USER FAILS TO PAY THE BILL ON TIME, THEN THE ENERGY SUPPLY COMPANY SHALL DISCONNECT THE POWER SUPPLY AUTOMATICALLY.

ADVANTAGES

• THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY CONSUMED WILL BE LESS FROM CONVENTIONAL SUPPLY .

• LEAST CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY FROM UTILITY SUPPLY WILL HELP TO SAVE CONVENTIONAL FUEL FOR FUTURE.

• PRESENTLY THE ELECTRICAL ENERGY COMPANY EMPLOYS A PERSON FOR THE PURPOSE OF BILLING, BUT BY ADAPTING THIS SYSTEM THE COMPANY CAN COLLECT ENERGY CONSUMPTION DATA FROM ONLINE PORTAL

• ALSO THE COMPANY CAN DISCONNECT THE ENERGY SUPPLY FOR THE DUE CUSTOMERS(DEFAULTERS).

• AT PRESENT ENERGY BILL IS FORMATTED BY NUMBER OF UNITS CONSUMED OVER A MONTH, BUT BY USING THIS SYSTEM THE ENERGY BILL CAN BE FORMATTED BY CONSIDERING THE POWER FACTOR AND USAGE HOURS, THIS BENEFITS BOTH USER AND THE COMPANY.