INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM)

INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM)

Integrated Pest Management

A Pest is a Plant, Insect, or Animal Which:

• Competes with humans, domestic animals, and/or desirable plants

• Injures humans, animals, and/or desirable plants

• Spreads Disease

• Annoys humans or domestic animals

What is a Pest?

Integrated Pest Management

Types of Pests

Insects

Spiders & Ticks

Weeds

Microbial Organisms

Rats, Mice, Birds, Snakes

Snails & Slugs

Integrated Pest Management

Pest Control Goals

PREVENTION – Stop pests before they become a problem.

SUPPRESSION – Keep pests at manageable levels

ERADICATION – Destroy pests completely

Integrated Pest Management

Pest Control Methods

There are six main methods of pest control.These include:

Host Resistance Biological ControlsCultural Controls

Mechanical ControlsChemical (Pesticide) Controls

Sanitation

Integrated Pest Management

Types of Pest Control

Host ResistanceBiologicalCulturalMechanicalChemicalSanitation

Use of Pest Resistant building

materials, ornamental

plants, etc. to control pests.

Integrated Pest Management

Types of Pest Control

Host Resistance

BiologicalCulturalMechanicalChemicalSanitation

Use ofNatural Enemies

Predators, Parasites, Pathogens

to control pests.

Integrated Pest Management

Types of Pest Control

Host ResistanceBiological

CulturalMechanicalChemicalSanitation

Change Practices:

Rotate Crops, Change Row

Width, Pruning, Thinning,

Fertilizing, etc. to control pests.

Integrated Pest Management

Types of Pest Control

Host ResistanceBiologicalCultural

MechanicalChemicalSanitation

Use of Mechanical

Devices: Traps, Barriers,

Screens, Electricity (Bug Zapper), etc. to control pests.

Integrated Pest Management

Types of Pest Control

Host ResistanceBiologicalCulturalMechanical

ChemicalSanitation

Use of Pesticides to control pests.

Vary Pesticides to avoid pest

resistance. Use “Safer”

Pesticides.

Integrated Pest Management

Types of Pest Control

Host ResistanceBiologicalCulturalMechanicalChemical

Sanitation

Eliminate orControl

Food Sources, Living Space,

Water,Hiding Spots

Integrated Pest Management

Combined Pest Control Methods

Host ResistanceBiologicalCulturalMechanicalChemicalSanitation

INTEGRATEDPESTMGMTPLAN

Integrated Pest Management

NJ State RegulationsSchool Integrated Pest Management Act of 2002

• Schools must have IPM in place by June 12, 2004

• Designation of a District IPM Coordinator

• 72 hour written notification to staff, students and parents before pesticide application (low impact pesticides exempt)

• Posting of signs 72 hours before to 72 hours after

• Recordkeeping of all pesticides used

• State to develop model IPM Plan by December 2003

Integrated Pest Management

NJ State RegulationsWritten Notification Must Include:

Common name, trade name, EPA Registration number

Location of application

Date and time of application; Outdoor applications require 2 alternate dates in case of cancellation

The statement “Where possible, persons who potentially are sensitive,such as pregnant women, infants and children, should avoid anyunnecessary pesticide exposure.”

Potential adverse health effects

Name and phone number of school’s IPM coordinator

Any additional label instructions or precautions

Reason for application

Integrated Pest Management

Why The Fuss?

Organophosphate Pesticides – Genetic Damage & Neurological Disorders:Attention Deficit Disorder, Hyperactivity, Parkinson’s Disease

Pyrethrin, Carbamate, Organophosphate Pesticides – Asthma (cause and exacerbate), other Respiratory Disorders

Pesticide residues remain for days on desks, chairs, books, & in air

Evidence that households where pesticides are used show increased:Leukemia, Brain Cancer, Soft Tissue Cancers

Most insect and weed pests are nuisances not health threats – Pesticide application for aesthetics

Children at greatest risk from exposure due to:Smaller size, faster metabolism, organs still developing, bodies retain toxins for longer periods than adults

Integrated Pest Management

Creating an IPM Program

STEP 1: Define Your IPM Policy

• Acts as a guide for implementation of the plan

• Identifies the responsible Pest Management personnel

• Educate/Train pest management personnel

Creating an IPM Program

Integrated Pest Management

STEP 1: Define Your IPM Policy (cont.)

IPM Policy should not allow: Pesticides that contain: Carcinogens, Neurotoxins, Acute Toxins, Reproductive Toxins, Respiratory Toxins, Immunotoxins

Routine pesticide application – “whether needed or not”

Pest control based on cosmetic reasons only

Pesticide application during occupation or 24 hours following

Pesticide application using Fogging, Bombs, Broadcast or Baseboard

Integrated Pest Management

STEP 2: Identify the Pests

• Allows for Effective Control

• Identifies the Potential Threat

Creating an IPM Program

Integrated Pest Management

STEP 3: Set Threshold or Action Levels

• Type of Pest

• Population Size

• Injury Level

Creating an IPM Program

Integrated Pest Management

STEP 4: Inspect and Monitor Facilities

• Identify Pests

• Monitor Populations

• Evaluate Control Methods

Creating an IPM Program

Integrated Pest Management

STEP 5: Apply IPM Strategies

• Safer Pesticides

• Other Control Methods

• Notification Policy

• Education

Creating an IPM Program

Integrated Pest Management

STEP 6: Evaluate Effectiveness of Program

• Recordkeeping

• Pests Controlled?

• Exposure Reduced?

• Economic Impact

Creating an IPM Program

Integrated Pest Management

IPM StrategiesIndoor Areas

1. Entrywaysa) Keep doors shutb) Weather strip doorsc) Install/Repair screensd) Caulk openings

2. Classrooms/Officesa) Food & Drink in designated areasb) Clean desks and closets oftenc) Vacuum carpets frequently

4. Food Prep & Serving Areasa) Keep food in sealed containersb) Remove garbage every dayc) Screen windows, vents, floor drainsd) Clean often to remove crumbs/spillse) Wash garbage & recycling bins

3. Maintenance Areasa) Food & Drink in designated areasb) Clean & dry mops/buckets promptlyc) Keep areas clean & dryd) Clean floor drains, grates

Integrated Pest Management

Outdoor Areas

IPM Strategies

1. Playgrounds, Parking Lotsa) Clean trash containers regularlyb) Cover trash containers securelyc) Repair cracksd) Remove standing water sources

2. Athletic Fields, Lawnsa) Raise mowing heightb) Maintain healthy turfc) Provide good drainaged) Fertilize at appropriate times

3. Ornamental Shrubs/Treesa) Prune branchesb) Plant at least 1 foot from structuresc) Fertilize at appropriate timesd) Use pest resistant varietiese) Remove diseased plants promptly

4. Building Foundationsa) Replace wood mulch with stoneb) Caulk/seal holes and cracksc) Remove clutterd) Keep plantings at least 1 foot awaye) Maintain adequate drainage

Integrated Pest Management

Economic Impact

INCREASED COSTS DECREASED COSTS

Clean up facility – one time cost Pesticide Purchases & Applications

Install Physical Barriers – screens, air curtains, caulk – one time cost

Complaints and Missed Work

(sick days; time-off)

Education and Training Health Care Costs – inestimable value

Pest Monitoring

Integrated Pest Management

Benefits of IPM

Lower Costs Berkely, CA saved $22,500 first year in pest controlMontgomery County, MD schools saved $500 per schoolUncountable savings in Health Care and Treatment costs

Less Student and Staff Exposure to PesticidesNPS reduced pesticide use by 70% in 3 yearsBerkely, CA reduced tree pesticides by 90% in first yearEvesham, Burlington County, NJ only 2 applications in last 8 years

Educational OpportunitiesInclude Integrated Pest Management in school curriculumIdentify common pests in Science classesTeach safer alternatives to Pesticides

More Effective Pest ControlDeals with the causes of pest problemsMore effective than “calendar” spraying

Integrated Pest Management

Benefits of IPM