Informal commands (tú): Affirmative & Negative Pronoun placement.

¡MANDATOS!Informal commands (tú):Affirmative & Negative

Pronoun placement

MANDATOS EN INGLÉS

Remember how easy it is for us to command in English? We do it everyday!

Stand up! Sit down! Do your homework! Take out the garbage! Don’t walk! Don’t run!

LOS MANDATOS EN ESPAÑOL…

… are little more complicated because we have so many ways of saying “you”: Tú: informal, singular Vosotros: informal, plural Ud.: formal, singular Uds.: formal, plural

We will concentrate on the informal commands.

TÚ COMMANDS // AFFIRMATIVE Affirmative tú commands are easier than

you think! All you have to do is…use the THIRD PERSON SINGULAR form of

the verb

-AR verbs:

-o, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an

-ER/-IR verbs:

-o, -es, -e, -emos/-imos, -éis/-ís, -en

EJEMPLOS Por favor, pasa la aspiradora en

la sala y saca la basura. Please vacuum in the living room

and take out the trash.

Lee el libro y contesta la pregunta.

Read the book and answer the question.

VAMOS A PRACTICAR!

1. Lavar / los platos

2. Caminar / más

rápido

3. Pedir/ una receta

4. Comer / las verduras

5. Escribir / el número

6. Beber / el aqua

1. Lava los platos

2. Camina más

rápido

3. Pide una receta

4. Come las verduras

5. Escribe el número

6. Bebe el aqua

IRREGULAR TÚ COMMANDS (AFFIRMATIVE) Yes…there are irregulars here too! Lo

siento! But there is a pattern!

Yo form tú command

Decir Digo Di

Poner Pongo Pon

Salir Salgo Sal

Tener Tengo Ten

Venir Vengo ven

IRREGULAR TÚ COMMANDS (AFFIRMATIVE)

Unfortunately, these 3 irregulars DO NOT have a pattern

Hacer = haz Haz la cama inmediatamente

Ser = sé Sé bueno

Ir = ve ¡Ve a tu cuarto!

VAMOS A PRACTICAR

Say the answer

Come here

Be cautious (tener

cuidado)

Go out with your

friends

Set the table

Di la respuesta

Ven aquí

Ten cuidado

Sal con tus

amigos

Pon la mesa

NEGATIVES Informal commands (tú):

Negative

TÚ COMMANDS // NEGATIVE

Take the “yo” form of the verb (present tense)

Change the ending to the opposite TÚ ending

-AR = -es -ER / -IR = -as

TÚ COMMANDS // NEGATIVE -AR verbs

Go to the “yo” Drop the “o” Add the –es

hablar No hablo No habl No hables

(Don’t speak!)

-ER / -IR verbs

Go to the “yo” Drop the “o” Add the –as

comer No como No com No comas

(Don’t eat!)

VAMOS A PRACTICAR!

1. Don’t talk!2. Don’t run!3. Don’t swim at

night4. Don’t sing!5. Don’t forget!

(olvidar)

1. ¡No hables!2. ¡No corras!3. ¡No nades por la

noche!4. ¡No cantes!5. ¡No olvides!

TÚ COMMANDS (NEGATIVE) Most “irregular yo” verbs DO NOT change ** - go, -zco, -yo, and –jo**

3 examples: Salir -- salgo

no salgas // sal Ofrecer -- ofrezco

No ofrezcas // ofrece Escoger -- escojo

No escojas // escoge

IRREGULAR TÚ COMMANDS (NEGATIVE) Some verbs need a spelling change to

maintain the integrity of its sound Think: **-car, -gar, -zar**

3 examples: Llegar -- (g gu)

no llegues // llega Buscar – (c qu)

no busques // busca Cruzar – (z c)

No cruces // cruza

VAMOS A PRACTICAR!1. Don’t eat lunch (almorzar)

2. Eat lunch!

3. Don’t pay

4. Pay!

5. Don’t go out with your

friends

6. Go out with your friends

7. Be careful (tener cuidado)

8. Don’t be careful

9. Play the guitar

10. Don’t play the guitar

1. No almuerces2. Almuerza3. No pagues4. Paga5. No salgas con tus

amigos6. Sal con tus amigos7. Ten cuidado8. No tengas cuidado9. Toca la guitarra10. No toques la

guitarra

IRREGULAR TÚ COMMANDS (NEGATIVE) There are also

irregular negative commands.

But they look VERY similar to the irregular formal commands! Dé, esté, vaya, sepa,

sea

Negative tú commands

Dar No des

Estar

No estés

Ir No vayas

Saber

No sepas

Ser No seas

VAMOS A PRACTICAR!

1. Don’t give that

gift

2. Don’t be nervous

3. Don’t go to the

store

4. Don’t know the

answer

5. Don’t be bad

1. No des ese regalo

2. No estés nervioso

3. No vayas a la

tienda

4. No sepas la

respuesta

5. No seas malo

COMMANDS & PRONOUN PLACEMENT

Informal commands

¡¡THIS WORKS THE SAME FOR BOTH TÚ AND UD./UDS. COMMANDS!!

In AFFIRMATIVE COMMANDS the pronoun… FOLLOWS the verb (at the end) Is ATTACHED

In NEGATIVE COMMANDS the pronoun… Goes BEFORE the verb It stands alone

EJEMPLOS

¡Llámame luego! Call me later!

Tráeme la medicina Bring me the medicine

No te sientes en una silla

incómoda Don’t sit in an uncomfortable chair

No te pongas tus sandalias en el

invierno Don’t put your sandals on in the winter

¿¿CUÁLES PRONOMBRES SE DEBE USAR??

You can use DIRECT, INDIRECT, and REFLEXIVE pronouns

DIRECT: me, te, lo, la, nos, os, los,

las

INDIRECT: me, te, le, nos, os, les

REFLEXIVE: me, te, se, nos, os, se

LAS REGLAS

The rules stay the same as with DOUBLE OBJECTS (indirect, direct & “le=se”) The order is = INDIRECT (to whom? To what?) then

DIRECT (who? what?)

Think --- I.D. (Indirect Object, Direct Object)

DIRECT: Tú / comprar /un libro / para mí Cómpramelo No me lo compres

INDIRECT: Tú / dar / el libro / a mí Dámelo No me lo des

REFLEXIVE: Tú / ponerse / las sandalias Póntelas No te las pongas

LE = SE – REPASO

le lo = se lole la = se lale los = se losle las = se lasles lo = se loles la = se lales los = se losles las = se las

**regular** No me lo compres.

Don't buy it for me.

**changed** No se las traigas.

Don't bring them to her. Se = her Las = them

Muéstraselo Show it to him/her

VAMOS A VER – SE/LE **DON’T WORRY ABOUT ACCENTS…YET**

Don’t explain it to them (explicar/lo/les)

Don’t buy those for her (compar/los/le)

Don’t tell him that (decir/lo/le)

Read the book to him (leer/lo/le)

Write the information for her (escribir/la/le)

No se lo expliques

No se los compres

No se lo digas

Léeselo

Escríbesela

LOS ACCENTOS!!

The accent helps maintain stress on the correct syllable.

If the command has only one syllable, a written accent is only necessary when two pronouns are added.

Dime(di) Tell me Dímelo Tell it to me // Tell me it

If the command has more than one syllable, a written accent is required when one or more pronouns are added. (stress stays on verb stem)

Cómpralos(com/pra) Buy them Cómpramelos Buy them for me// buy me

those

¡VAMOS A PRACTICAR! -- THINK I.D.!1. Tell me

2. Look at it

3. Give me the book

4. Don’t make dinner (la cena)

5. Put on your shoes!

6. Don’t eat junk food (comida basura)

7. Don’t tell them the secret (el

secreto)

8. Don’t buy the prescription for her

9. Don’t tell it to her/him/them

10. Sit up straight (bien)

1. Dime

2. Míralo

3. Dámelo

4. No la hagas

5. Póntelos

6. No la comas

7. No se lo digas

8. No se la pagues

9. No se lo traigas

10. Siéntate bien