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International Journal of Management, IT & Engineering CONTENTS Sr. No. TITLE & NAME OF THE AUTHOR (S) Page No. 1 The Strategy of De-Internationalization of the SMES of the Footwear in The Area Metropolitana De Gudalajara. Dr. José G. Vargas-Hernández 6-7 2 Evaluating the Effectiveness of Educational Institutions Using Frontier Analysis. Dr. Vijaya Mani and Ms. Vani Haridasan 8-9 3 A Study on MBC Algorithm With Goodness Function. P. Usha Madhuri and Dr.S.P. Rajagopalan 10-11 4 A study on investor’s perception towards investment decision in equity market P.Varadharajan and Dr.P Vikkraman 12-13 5 Employee Retention: Love them or loose them Mr. Omesh Chadha 14-15 6 Burgeoning confronts in Indian Banking Ms. Ritu Wadhwa 16-17 7 An Efficient Centroid Selection Algorithm for K-means Clustering Saranya and Dr.Punithavalli 18-19 8 Analysis, Simulation and Comparison of Different Multiplier Algorithms Smiksha, Vikas Sindhu and Rajender Kumar 20-21
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Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

Jan 12, 2015

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International Journal of Management, IT & Engineering (ISSN: 2249-0558)

International Journal of Marketing And Technology (ISSN: 2249-1058)

International Journal of Physical And Social Sciences (ISSN: 2249-5894)

International Journal of Research in Social Sciences (ISSN: 2249-2496)

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Page 1: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

International Journal of Management, IT & Engineering

CONTENTS

Sr.

No. TITLE & NAME OF THE AUTHOR (S) Page No.

1

The Strategy of De-Internationalization of the SMES of the Footwear in The Area

Metropolitana De Gudalajara.

Dr. José G. Vargas-Hernández

6-7

2 Evaluating the Effectiveness of Educational Institutions Using Frontier Analysis.

Dr. Vijaya Mani and Ms. Vani Haridasan 8-9

3

A Study on MBC Algorithm With Goodness Function.

P. Usha Madhuri and Dr.S.P. Rajagopalan 10-11

4

A study on investor’s perception towards investment decision in equity market

P.Varadharajan and Dr.P Vikkraman 12-13

5

Employee Retention: Love them or loose them

Mr. Omesh Chadha 14-15

6

Burgeoning confronts in Indian Banking

Ms. Ritu Wadhwa 16-17

7

An Efficient Centroid Selection Algorithm for K-means Clustering

Saranya and Dr.Punithavalli 18-19

8

Analysis, Simulation and Comparison of Different Multiplier Algorithms

Smiksha, Vikas Sindhu and Rajender Kumar 20-21

Page 2: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

2

August 2011

Chief Patron Dr. JOSE G. VARGAS-HERNANDEZ

Member of the National System of Researchers, Mexico

Research professor at University Center of Economic and Managerial Sciences,

University of Guadalajara

Director of Mass Media at Ayuntamiento de Cd. Guzman

Ex. director of Centro de Capacitacion y Adiestramiento

Editorial Board

Dr. CRAIG E. REESE Professor, School of Business, St. Thomas University, Miami Gardens

Dr. S. N. TAKALIKAR Principal, St. Johns Institute of Engineering, PALGHAR (M.S.)

Dr. RAMPRATAP SINGH Professor, Bangalore Institute of International Management, KARNATAKA

Dr. P. MALYADRI Principal, Government Degree College, Osmania University, TANDUR

Dr. Y. LOKESWARA CHOUDARY Asst. Professor Cum, SRM B-School, SRM University, CHENNAI

Prof. Dr. TEKI SURAYYA Professor, Adikavi Nannaya University, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

Dr. T. DULABABU Principal, The Oxford College of Business Management,BANGALORE

Dr. A. ARUL LAWRENCE SELVAKUMAR Professor, Adhiparasakthi Engineering College, MELMARAVATHUR, TN

Dr. S. D. SURYAWANSHI Lecturer, College of Engineering Pune, SHIVAJINAGAR

Page 3: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

3

August 2011

Dr. S. KALIYAMOORTHY Professor & Director, Alagappa Institute of Management, KARAIKUDI

Prof S. R. BADRINARAYAN Sinhgad Institute for Management & Computer Applications, PUNE

Mr. GURSEL ILIPINAR ESADE Business School, Department of Marketing, SPAIN

Mr. ZEESHAN AHMED Software Research Eng, Department of Bioinformatics, GERMANY

Mr. SANJAY ASATI

Dept of ME, M. Patel Institute of Engg. & Tech., GONDIA(M.S.)

Mr. G. Y. KUDALE

N.M.D. College of Management and Research, GONDIA(M.S.)

Editorial Advisory Board

Dr.MANJIT DAS Assitant Professor, Deptt. of Economics, M.C.College, ASSAM

Dr. ROLI PRADHAN Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, BHOPAL

Dr. N. KAVITHA Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Mekelle University, ETHIOPIA

Prof C. M. MARAN Assistant Professor (Senior), VIT Business School, TAMIL NADU

DR. RAJIV KHOSLA Associate Professor and Head, Chandigarh Business School, MOHALI

Page 4: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

4

August 2011

Dr. S. K. SINGH Asst. Professor, R. D. Foundation Group of Institutions, MODINAGAR

Dr. (Mrs.) MANISHA N. PALIWAL Associate Professor, Sinhgad Institute of Management, PUNE

DR. (Mrs.) ARCHANA ARJUN GHATULE Director, SPSPM, SKN Sinhgad Business School, MAHARASHTRA

DR. NEELAM RANI DHANDA Associate Professor, Department of Commerce, kuk, HARYANA

Dr. FARAH NAAZ GAURI Associate Professor, Department of Commerce, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada

University, AURANGABAD

Prof. Dr. BADAR ALAM IQBAL Associate Professor, Department of Commerce,Aligarh Muslim University, UP

Associate Editors

Dr. SANJAY J. BHAYANI Associate Professor ,Department of Business Management,RAJKOT (INDIA)

MOID UDDIN AHMAD Assistant Professor, Jaipuria Institute of Management, NOIDA

Dr. SUNEEL ARORA Assistant Professor, G D Goenka World Institute, Lancaster University, NEW DELHI

Mr. P. PRABHU Assistant Professor, Alagappa University, KARAIKUDI

Mr. MANISH KUMAR Assistant Professor, DBIT, Deptt. Of MBA, DEHRADUN

Mrs. BABITA VERMA Assistant Professor ,Bhilai Institute Of Technology, INDORE

Page 5: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

5

August 2011

Ms. MONIKA BHATNAGAR Assistant Professor, Technocrat Institute of Technology, BHOPAL

Ms. SUPRIYA RAHEJA Assistant Professor, CSE Department of ITM University, GURGAON

Reviewers

Dr. B. CHANDRA MOHAN PATNAIK Associate Professor, KSOM, KIIT University, BHUBANESWAR

Dr. P. S. NAGARAJAN Assistant Professor, Alagappa Institute of Management, KARAIKUDI

Mr. K. V. L. N. ACHARYULU Faculty, Dept. of Mathematics, Bapatla Engineering College, Bapatla, AP

Ms. MEENAKSHI AZAD Assistant Professor, Master of Business Administration, GREATER NOIDA

Dr. MOHD NAZRI ISMAIL Senior Lecturer, University of Kuala Lumpur (UniKL), MALAYSIA

Dr. O. P. RISHI Associate Professor, CSE , Central University of RAJASTHAN

Ms. SWARANJEET ARORA ASSISTANT PROFESSOR , PIMR, INDORE

Mr. RUPA.Ch Associate Professor, CSE Department, VVIT, NAMBUR, ANDHRA PRADESH

Dr. S. RAJARAM Assistant Professor, Kalasalingam University, Virudhunagar District, TAMIL NADU

Dr. A. JUSTIN DIRAVIAM Assistant Professor, CSE, Sardar Raja College of Engineering, TAMIL NADU

Ms. SUPRIYA RAHEJA Assistant Professor, CSE Department, ITM University, GURGAON

Page 6: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

6

August 2011

THE STRATEGY OF DE-INTERNATIONALIZATION OF

THE SMES OF THE FOOTWEAR IN THE AREA

METROPOLITANA DE GUADALAJARA

Dr. Jose G. Vargas-Hernández

Master's degree in business and economic studies,

University Center for economic and Magerial Sciences

University of Guadalajara

Title

Author(s)

Page 7: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

7

August 2011

Abstract:

The aim of this paper is to analyze the exogenous and endogenous factors that determine the

strategy of de-internationalization of SMEs in the sector of the footwear in the Metropolitan

Zone of Guadalajara (ZMG). The proposed model explains the adoption of the strategy of de-

internationalization from studies of comparative cases of SMEs in the footwear sector of the

ZMG. In-depth interviews were applied to managers and staff involved during the time that the

company was exporting. Analysis points out that lack of strategic planning and the instability in

the foreign currency exchange rate are major factors that determine the strategy of de-

internationalization in SMEs in the ZMG. Also, it is evident that the strategic imbalance during

the de-internationalization strategy is not considered as a failure, but rather as an opportunity to

redirect it and thus grow in the local market.

Key words: De-internationalization, strategy, exogenous and endogenous factors, SMEs.

JEL: M21, L25

Page 8: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

8

August 2011

Evaluating the Effectiveness of

Educational Institutions Using

Frontier Analysis

Dr. Vijaya Mani

Professor,

SSN School of Management and

Computer Applications

SSN College of Engineering,

Kalavakkam, Old Mahabalipuram

Road

Tamil Nadu

Ms. Vani Haridasan

Assistant Professor,

SSN School of Management and

Computer Applications

SSN College of Engineering,

Kalavakkam, Old Mahabalipuram

Road

Tamil Nadu

Title

Author(s)

Page 9: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

9

August 2011

Abstract:

The higher education system has been experimenting with management approaches to deal with

challenges arising from both internal as well as external factors. In this context, it is absolutely

essential to assess the quality of education offered by an educational institution with specific

reference to the reliability of how and when the learning takes place. There are lots of

quantitative techniques available and some work in this area has been already done. But there is

a dearth of literature focusing on the relative efficiency. One advanced operations research

technique which evaluates the relative efficiency is the Frontier Analysis or Data Envelopment

Analysis (DEA).

This paper attempts to use Frontier Analysis to assess the effectiveness of educational

institutions, specifically a set of selected institutions offering engineering education in Tamil

Nadu, India. The research has identified a set of input and output parameters for each institution,

from which the efficient frontiers (DMUs) are determined. The relative efficiency of the

institutions are measured with respect to the efficient frontier and then analyzed. Detailed

recommendations are set forth, for appropriate interventions to address the specific gaps

identified through the gaps analysis. The analysis further provides useful information and opens

up new avenues for future research.

Keywords: Data Envelopment Analysis, Effectiveness, Education, Relative efficiency, Frontier

Analysis, DMU

Page 10: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

10

August 2011

A STUDY ON MBC ALGORITHM WITH

GOODNESS FUNCTION

P. Usha Madhuri

Research Scholar,

Dr.M.G.R University,

Chennai, India

Dr.S.P. Rajagopalan

Emeritus Professor,

Dr.M.G.R University,

Chennai, India

Title

Author(s)

Page 11: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

11

August 2011

Abstract:

In Data Mining, clustering is one of the efficient techniques used to extract useful information

from large quantities of data. A cluster is a collection of data objects relatively similar to one

another in some respect and relatively dissimilar to the objects in other clusters. Clustering

analysis is an important technique in data mining. It is a process of grouping a set of physical or

abstract objects into classes of similar objects. Clustering can be viewed as unsupervised

classification.

Matrix Based Clustering (MBC) is a hierarchical clustering method with a goodness function

based on notions of bond and inner bond that in turn involve direct and indirect link measures.

MBC employs an operation close to matrix multiplication, but with a little modification. The

matrix base is thought helpful for calculations on advanced parallel machinery. The goal is to

achieve good clustering performance relative to other clustering methods. Real data is tested on

MBC to provide useful classification information.

Matrix Based Clustering algorithm (MBC) measures the “bond" of two clusters based on a

goodness function which is computed via matrix manipulation that utilizes not only direct links

but also indirect links between two clusters. The effectiveness of MBC is demonstrated with

several data sets that contain points in 2D space, a couple of which cannot be captured by other

methods such as OPTICS, CHAMELEON, or Matlab Fuzzy Clustering.

Page 12: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

12

August 2011

A study on investor’s perception

towards investment decision in

equity market

P.Varadharajan

Assistant Professor,

PSG Institute of Management,

Coimbatore, Tamilnadu

Dr.P Vikkraman

Director(I/C),

Anna University,

Coimbatore, Tamilnadu

Title

Author(s)

Page 13: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

13

August 2011

Abstract:

The main focus of this research paper is to identify the investors’ perceptions towards investment

decision in equity market. The sample size for the study was 50 investors in Coimbatore and

studied their attitude towards selection of stock, company, risk, equity portfolio, financial affairs

and their expected return. Frequency analysis and various statistical tools were used to describe

the variables. Suggestions given in the end will help the investors to sort out the errors

committed by them in making investment decisions.

Key words: Investment, stock, risk, portfolio, financial affairs & investment decision.

Page 14: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

14

August 2011

Employee Retention:

Love them or loose them

Mr. Omesh Chadha

Research Scholar (Ph.D. Programme),

Singhania University,

Rajasthan

Title

Author(s)

Page 15: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

15

August 2011

Abstract:

“Start with good people, lay out the rules, communicate with your employees, motivate

them and reward them. If you do all those things effectively, you can't miss.”

Employee retention has become a major concern for organizations of any nature.

Employee attrition is a costly dilemma for all organizations. In one of the survey it was found

that 90% of those firms surveyed said it was more difficult to retain talented individuals than it

was several years before. Therefore, it is imperative that organizations and managers recognize

that retention must be a continuing HR emphasis and a significant responsibility for all

supervisors and managers.

Employee retention involves taking measures to encourage employees to remain in the

organization for a longer tenure. The corporate world today is facing a lot of problems in

retaining competent and able employees in the organization. It is very essential to recruit

knowledgeable people in the organization and it is still more important to retain them.

Job mobility is increasing at a rapid pace and so recruiting competent people is also

becoming difficult, especially in India .Organizations these days create an enabling culture to

help employees retain in the organization and also to protect the existing skilled manpower, since

there is no dearth of opportunities for a talented person.

The main objective of this paper was to find the reasons of employee turnover in the

organizations and another objective of the research was to study the strategies to be employed,

which should be adopted by the organizations to retain their employees.

Key Words: Employee, Retention, Organizations.

Page 16: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

16

August 2011

Burgeoning confronts in Indian

Banking

Ms. Ritu Wadhwa

Assistant Professor – Finance

Jaipuria Institute of Management

Noida

Title

Author(s)

Page 17: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

17

August 2011

ABSTRACT:

The contemporary economic circumstances present numerous prospects and confronts to the

existing banks. It is up to the banks to influence the opportunities to meet up the challenges to

the best of their abilities. Banking Industry has observed a lot of chaos owing to the global

financial crisis. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Ministry of Finance and other regulatory

authorities has made various remarkable efforts to get better regulation in the sector. Many of

large banks operating in the market have exploited the changed regulations (viz., change in CRR

and interest rate) to give better choices to prospective customers. Acceptance of fresh practices

to accommodate to the challenging economy situation has enabled the banks to meet up the

varying customer necessities. As compare to other regional banks, over the last few years, Indian

banks have achieved favorably on growth, asset quality and profitability. This paper would throw

light on latest development in area of banking with emphasis on confronts or challenges faced by

Indian banking industry.

Key Words: International financial reporting standards, financial inclusion.

Page 18: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

18

August 2011

An Efficient Centroid Selection

Algorithm for K-means Clustering

Saranya

Research Scholar

Bharathiyar University,

Coimbatore, India

Dr.Punithavalli

Dean, School of Computer Studies

Dr SNS College of Arts & Science,

Coimbatore, India

.

Title

Author(s)

Page 19: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

19

August 2011

Abstract:

This paper, we proposes an algorithm for performing data partitioning along the data axis with

the highest variance to improve the accuracy. The data partitioning tries to divide data space into

small cells or clusters where inter cluster distance are large and intra cluster distance are small as

possible. Cells are partitioned one at a time until the number of cells equals to the predefined

number of clusters, K. The centers of the K cells become the initial cluster centers for K-means.

The experimental results shows that the proposed algorithm will be more effective and efficient

converge to better clustering results than the existing clustering.

Keyword: Data clustering, k-means algorithm, Data partitioning.

Page 20: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

20

August 2011

Analysis, Simulation and

Comparison of Different Multiplier

Algorithms

Smiksha Vikas Sindhu Rajender Kumar

M.Tech Student, ECE, UIET A.P. ECE, UIET A.P, SES, BPSMV

Rohtak, India Rohtak, India Sonipat, India

Title

Authors

Page 21: Ijmie vol 1-issue-3_abstract-1

IJMIE Volume 1, Issue 3 ISSN: 2249-0558 __________________________________________________________

A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A.

International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering http://www.ijmra.us

21

August 2011

Abstract:

High performance systems such as microprocessors, digital signal processors, filters, ALU etc.

which is need of hour now days requires a lot of components. One of main component of these

high performance systems is multiplier. Most of the DSP computations involve the use of

multiply-accumulate operations, and therefore the design of fast and efficient multipliers is

imperative. However, area and speed are usually conflicting constraints so that improving speed

results mostly in larger areas. This paper investigates analysis of different multiplier for speed,

area and memory usage. we try to present an efficient multiplier is produce fast, accurate and

require minimum area. In this paper we will first study three different types of multipliers: array

multiplier, radix-2 and radix-4 modified booth multiplier algorithm. Then we compared the

working of different multipliers by comparing the memory usage, speed and area by each of

them. The result of this paper helps us to choose a better option to choose a better multiplier out

of three multipliers in fabricating different systems.

Keywords: Multiplier, speed, area, DSP, System.