IGCSE Classical Music

8/9/2019 IGCSE Classical Music

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The Classical Era1750-1825

IGCSE Music

Unit 3


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What was happening around the world?

1751- Benjain !ran"lin disco#erselectricit$%

1775-1781- &erican 'e#olution

1781- (ranus disco#ered%

178)- *eorge Washington inaugurated 178)-17)5- !rench 'e#olution

180+- The ,ouisiana urchase

180.- /apoleon crowns hisel Eperor%

1812-181.- War o 1812

1822- The 'osetta tone is deciphered


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What does the ter Classical ean?

!ro 1750 on artists usicians and

architects wanted to get awa$ ro the

strange opulence o the Baro3ue period

and o#e to eulate the clean

uncluttered st$le o Classical *reece%

This period is called Classical 4ecause o

that desire to eulate the wor"s o theancient *ree"s%


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Chamber Music Music for the Middle Class to play at home.

String Quartet iolin I ! II" #iola" cello Ideal balance to match S$%& #oice types.

'ollo(ed the symphonic patterns.

Sonatas Solo )eyboard or )eyboard * solo instrument.

+,,- pianoforte replaces harpsichord.

Composers (rote and impro#ised from the)eyboard often performing their o(n music/.


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Characteristics o the Classical eriod

The Church and onarchs were no longer the

principle 4eneactors o the arts due to the

political uphea#al in Europe at the tie%

The aristocrac$ were the ain patrons o thearts% The$ wanted ipersonal 4ut tuneul

usic ro their coposers% This led to the

ter

a4solute

usic - which is usic that iswritten or usics sa"e%


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&ll o the Classical coposers were eplo$ed4$ #arious wealth$ patrons% uch o theirusic was written or parties cereonies or

sipl$ as a coission or a new wor"% The center o Classical usic was 6ienna whichis where all o the ajor coposers li#ed andwor"ed%

There was also a sense o /ationalis in thecopositions%


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usical Characteristics

*reat attention to usical or

(se o d$naics as theatic aterial

nclusion o percussion instruents

trong sense o tension and release

(se o odulation

pera

(se o coic and witt$ elodies


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usical nno#ations

Symphonic form

Sonata form

String Quartets

9uge popularit$ o the Opera

n#ention o the odern iano as wellas an$ other instruents

Thee and 6ariations


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The $phonic !or

astered 4$ !ran: ;oseph 9a$dn - he wrote 10.o the%

&n e


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The $phonic rchestra


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The onata !or

& one-o#eent piece or a solo instruentusuall$ accopanied 4$ a piano - as opposed toa concerto which is a ulti-o#eent pieceaccopanied 4$ an orchestra%

There are three sections o a sonata- E


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The tring >uartet

& coposition or our solo string instruents 2 6iolins

1 6iola

1 Cello Each part is e3uall$ iportant%

9a$dn was the irst to write one - he alsoastered the%

iece usuall$ has our o#eents siilar tothat o the s$phonic or%


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pera

While opera was in#ented uch earlier in usicalhistor$ it was during this period and the one thatollowed that ost o the ost aous operas werewritten - including The agic !lute

The arriage o !igaro

=on *io#anni

&ll o these operas were written 4$ o:art%

Beetho#en 9a$dn and chu4ert has no success withwriting operas%

&n opera is 4asicall$ a usical pla$ with all o thewords sung instead o spo"en%


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The pera


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!aous Classical Coposers

Christoph Willi4ald *luc" @171.-1787A

!ran: ;oseph 9a$dn @17+2-180)A Wolgang &adeus o:art @175-17)1A

,udwig 6on Beetho#en @1770-1827A

!ran: chu4ert @17)7-1828A


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nstruents o the Classical eriod

odern !lute

Clarinet

!rench 9orn

6al#ed Trupet

Tro4one

ercussion

iano


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comaprison

IGCSE Classical Music

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