IDENTIFY THE SOUND SYSTEM 1PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM
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IDENTIFY THE SOUND SYSTEM Sound is the signal that resulted by a vibrate, can hear by human and can be transmitted by air material, solid material, and liquid material Whats the Sound? 2PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM
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IDENTIFY THE SOUND SYSTEM Whats the Sound? Sound often call as AUDIO SIGNAL Have a frequency from 20 Hertz to 20.000 Hertz 3PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM
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AUDIO SIGNAL WAVE FORM Amplitude (Volt) Frequency (Hertz) 4PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM
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AUDIO SOURCE HUMAN INSTRUMENT AUDIO GENERATOR ELECTRONICS TOOLS OTHER SOMETHING VIBRATE 5PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM
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AUDIO SOURCE HUMAN Is the sound resulted by human speech, such as we speak something. Also resulted by Animals such as cat, dog, etc. 6PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM
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AUDIO SOURCE INSTRUMENT Is the sound resulted by musical instrument, such as guitar, drums, percussion, etc. 7PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM
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AUDIO SOURCE AUDIO GENERATOR Is the electronics tool that specially used for resulting audio signal. This tool is used in Electronics laboratories 8PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM
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AUDIO SOURCE ELECTRONIC TOOLS Television Tape Recorder Active Speaker Hand phone Radio Computer 9PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM
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AUDIO SOURCE OTHER VIBRATE Is the vibrate that resulted the sound, but not specially, such as machine, knock the door, benda jatuh, pukulan, etc. 10PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM
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11 THE SOUND SYSTEM
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12PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM AUDIO SOURCE AUDIO PROCESSOR AUDIO AMPLIFIER LOUD SPEAKER AUDIO SIGNAL PROCESS DIAGRAM
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AUDIO SOURCE MICROPHONE The audio source in Sound System is : 13PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM TAPE RECORDER DVD/CD PLAYER COMPUTER FM TUNER
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AUDIO PROCESSOR 14PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM The audio processor in Sound System is : AUDIO MIXER EQUALIZER EFFECT GENERATOR COMPOSER LIMITER
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AUDIO PROCESSOR 15PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM The audio processor in Sound System is : POWER AMPLIFIER LOUD SPEAKER - SUB WOOFER - WOOFER - MIDLE SPEAKER - TWEETER - FULLRANGE
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PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM16 THE MICROPHONE
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MICROPHONE 17PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM an acoustic to electric Transducer or sensor that converts sound into an electrical signal sometimes colloquially called a mic or mike
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MICROPHONE 18PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM Microphones are used in many applications such as telephones, tape recorders, hearing aids, motion pictures production, live and recorded audio engineering, in radio and television broadcasting and in computers for recording voice, VoIP, and for non-acoustic purposes such as ultrasonic checking
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VARIETIES of MICROPHONE 19PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM The sensitive transducer element of a microphone is called its element or capsule A complete microphone also includes a housing, some means of bringing the signal from the element to other equipment, and often an electronic circuit to adapt the output of the capsule to the equipment being driven
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VARIETIES of MICROPHONE 20PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM Condenser, capacitor or electrostatic microphone Dynamic microphone Carbon microphone Piezoelectric microphone Fiber optical microphone Laser microphone Liquid microphone MEMS microphone
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CONDENSER, CAPACITOR OR ELECTROSTATIC MICROPHONE 21PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM The diaphragm acts as one plate of a capacitor, and the vibrations produce changes in the distance between the plates
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CONDENSER, CAPACITOR OR ELECTROSTATIC MICROPHONE 22PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM There are two methods of extracting an audio output from the transducer thus formed: - DC-biased - radio frequency (RF) or high frequency (HF) condenser microphones
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CONDENSER, CAPACITOR OR ELECTROSTATIC MICROPHONE 23PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM Condenser microphones span the range from telephone transmitters to inexpensive karaoke microphones to high-fidelity recording microphones They generally produce a high-quality audio signal and are now the popular choice in laboratory and studio recording applications They require a power source, provided either from microphone inputs as phantom power or from a small battery
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CONDENSER, CAPACITOR OR ELECTROSTATIC MICROPHONE 24PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM Condenser microphones are also available with two diaphragms, the signals from which can be electrically connected such as to provide a range of polar patterns
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ELECTRET CONDENSER MICROPHONE 25PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM An electret microphone is a relatively new type of capacitor microphone invented at Bell Laboratories in 1962 by Gerhard Sessler and Jim West The externally-applied charge described above under condenser microphones is replaced by a permanent charge in an electret material
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DYNAMIC MICROPHONE 26PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM This, coupled with their potentially high gain before feedback makes them ideal for on-stage use Dynamic microphones work via electromagnetic induction They are robust, relatively inexpensive and resistant to moisture
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DYNAMIC MICROPHONE 27PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM Moving coil microphone, use the same dynamic principle as in a loudspeaker, only reversed A small movable induction coil, positioned in the magnetic field of a permanent magnet, is attached to the diaphragm
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RIBBON MICROPHONE 28PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM Ribbon microphones use a thin, usually corrugated metal ribbon suspended in a magnetic field. The ribbon is electrically connected to the microphone's output, and its vibration within the magnetic field generates the electrical signal
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RIBBON MICROPHONE 29PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM Ribbon microphones are similar to moving coil microphones in the sense that both produce sound by means of magnetic induction. Basic ribbon microphones detect sound in a bidirectional (also called figure-eight) pattern because the ribbon, which is open to sound both front and back, responds to the pressure gradient rather than the sound pressure
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CARBON MICROPHONE 30PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM A carbon microphone is a capsule containing carbon granules pressed between two metal plates A voltage is applied across the metal plates, causing a small current to flow through the carbon
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CARBON MICROPHONE 31PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM Unlike other microphone types, the carbon microphone can also be used as a type of amplifier, using a small amount of sound energy to produce a larger amount of electrical energy Carbon microphones found use as early telephone repeaters, making long distance phone calls possible in the era before vacuum tubes
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PIEZOELECTRIC MICROPHONE 32PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM A crystal microphone uses the phenomenon of piezoelectricity the ability of some materials to produce a voltage when subjected to pressure to convert vibrations into an electrical signal Crystal microphones were once commonly supplied with vacuum tube (valve) equipment, such as domestic tape recorders Sound Waves Audio Signal
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PIEZOELECTRIC MICROPHONE 33PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM Piezoelectric transducers are often used as contact microphones to amplify sound from acoustic musical instruments, to sense drum hits, for triggering electronic samples, and to record sound in challenging environments, such as underwater under high pressure
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FIBER OPTICAL MICROPHONE 34 PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM The fiber optical microphone is an entirely new microphone concept, first invented in Israel in 1984 by Drs. Alexander Paritsky and Alexander Kots
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FIBER OPTICAL MICROPHONE 35 PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM Conversion of acoustical waves into electrical signals is achieved not by sensing changes in capacitance or magnetic fields (as with conventional microphones), but instead by sensing changes in light intensity
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FIBER OPTICAL MICROPHONE 36 PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM The fiber optical microphone has very specific advantages over conventional microphones No electronic or metal components are used in the microphone head or the connecting fibers The physical nature of optical fiber light propagation
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LASER MICROPHONE 37 PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM Laser microphones are often portrayed in movies as spy gadgets A laser beam is aimed at the surface of a window or other plane surface that is affected by sound The former implementation is a tabletop experiment; the latter requires an extremely stable laser and precise optics ?
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LIQUID MICROPHONE 38 PLANNING THE SOUND SYSTEM Early microphones did not produce intelligible speech, until Alexander Graham Bell made improvements including a variable resistance microphone/transmitter A soun
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