Iceberg 00

What isICEBERG About?

Anthony D. JosephRandy H. Katz

ICEBERG/Ericsson Review21 August 2000http://iceberg.cs.berkeley.edu/Cellular Core NetworkBridge to theFutureS. S. 7

AgendaMotivation: Need for an IP-based CoreICEBERG ProjectStrategy and GoalsArchitectural OverviewPlatform ComponentsApplicationsTestbed/InfrastructureStatus and Directions

An Internet-basedOpen Services ArchitectureToday, the telecommunications sector is beginning to reshape itself, from a vertically to a horizontally structured industry. [I]t used to be that new capabilities were driven primarily by the carriers. Now, they are beginning to be driven by the users. Theres a universe of people out there who have a much better idea than we do of what key applications are, so why not give those folks the opportunity to realize them. The smarts have to be buried in the middleware of the network, but that is going to change as more-capable user equipment is distributed throughout the network. When it does, the economics of this industry may also change.George Heilmeier, Chairman Emeritus, Telcordia

Core Network BecomesData-Oriented

Core Network BecomesData-OrientedAppl-specific routing overlays, e.g., info dissemination Routing infrastructure with DiffServ supportService-level agreements spanning multiple ISPsServices running on servers in the infrastructureIP-Based WANPacket-OrientedVoIP GatewayVoIP GatewayCore NetworkAccessNetworkAccessNetworkRouterRouter

Smart Appliances/Thin Clients

Top Gun MediaBoardParticipates as a reliable multicast client via proxy in wireline networkTop Gun WingmanThin presentation layer in PDA with full rendering engine in wireline proxy

Critical TrendsMultimedia / Voice over IP networksLower cost, more flexible packet-switching core networkSimultaneous support for delay sensitive and delay insensitive flows via differentiated servicesIntelligence shifts to the network edgesThird-party functionality downloaded into Information Appliances like PalmPilotsProgrammable intelligence inside the networkProxy servers intermixed with switching infrastructureMobile/extensible code, e.g., JAVA: write once, run anywhereRapid new service developmentSpeech-based services

ICEBERG: Internet-based core for CEllular networks BEyond the thiRd Generation 3G+ networks will enable many communications devices and networksProject Goals:From specific devices/networks to universal endpoint accessAccess to people and services across diverse networksService level mobility (Cross device/network service handoff)Leverage infrastructure to track users activities/locationRapid easy development/deployment of novel, innovative, composable services and new devicesDevelop services on Internet (not Telco) timeScalable, robust, secure architectureSupport third-party service providers

Motivation: System Support for Transparent Information AccessPolicy-basedLocation-basedActivity-basedEmpower users!Speech-to-TextSpeech-to-Voice Attached-EmailCall-to-Pager/Email NotificationEmail-to-SpeechAll compositionsof the above!

Transformation and RedirectionIP CorePSTNPagerWLANCellularNetworkH.323GWGWGWGW

ICEBERGs StrategyMake it real: build a large-scale testbedTime travel: bring the future to the presentCollect real information about systemsOn-going VoIP, cellular experimentsPrototype releaseUsers (students) develop new/interesting applicationsUnderstanding several key research areasCore signaling protocol, Personal Activity CoordinatorMulti-modal services: Speech control / Information disseminationService mobility: Location-based services, Universal InboxScheduling and multi-layer wireless link issues

ICEBERGs Design GoalsPotentially Any Network Services (PANS)Any service can from any network by any device; network/device independence in system designPersonal MobilityPerson as communication endpoint with single identityService MobilityRetain services across networks Easy Service Creation and CustomizationAllow callee control & filteringScalability, Availability, Fault ToleranceSecurity, Authentication, Privacy

Service Mobility as aFirst-Class ObjectOfficePSTN: 510-643-7212FaxPSTN: 510-643-7352DeskIP: rover.cs.berkeley.edu:555LaptopIP: fido.cs.berkeley.edu:555PCS: 510-388-7212E-mail: [email protected]: 510-555-1212Anthony@BerkeleyAn Entity has a universal name and a profile; Entities are people or processes Universal Names: Globally unique IDsProfile: set ofdomain-specific names

Focus on Support for Compelling New ServicesEncapsulating complex data transformationsSpeech-to-text, text-to-speechComposition of servicesVoice mail-to-email, email-to-voice mailLocation-aware information servicesE.g., traffic reportsMulticast-enabled information servicesMultilayered multicast: increasing level of detail as number of subscribed layers increase

NINJA Distributed Computing Platform

ICEBERG ComponentsReleases: http://iceberg.cs.berkeley.edu/release/June 2000 v0.0 alpha reading releaseOctober 2000 v1.0 first true releaseExecution platformOperational software/middlewareControl model (protocol, resource allocation/management)Data transcoding modelService creation environmentApplicationsUniversal Inbox, Media ManagerIP-telephonyNetworking infrastructureTestbed/simulation and tracingVideo coding and transport

Architectural ElementsICEBERG Access Point (IAP)Encapsulates network specific gateway (control and data)ICEBERG Point of Presence (iPOP) Performs detailed signalingCall Agent: per communication device per call partyCall Agent Dispatcher: deploy call agentName Mapping ServiceMapping between iUID (Iceberg Unique ID) and service end pointPreference RegistryContains user profile including service subscription, configuration and customizationPerson Activity Coordinator (PAC)Tracks dynamic information about user of interestAutomatic Path Creation ServiceCreates datapath among participants communications devices

Architectural OverviewIceberg NetworkPSTNGSMPagerWaveLANGSMPSTNCalStanford

Administrative RelationshipsAccess NetworkPlaneICEBERG Network Plane

Control/Data Planes

ICEBERG Control PlaneControl Signaling + Automatic Path CompilationName Lookup/Preference Registry Clearinghouse

Iceberg Signaling Protocol: Capturing Session State with Soft StateiPOPCall AgentSession stateiPOPSession stateiPOPCall AgentSession stateComm SessionCall AgentIAPIAPIAPiPOP HB

800-MEDIA-MGR UID: [email protected] 510-642-8248 UID: [email protected] hohltb: Prefers Desktopmediamgr: Cluster locn.Bhaskars Cell-PhoneBarbaras DesktopNaming ServicePreference RegistryAutomatic Path Creation Service123MediaManager Mail Access Service3

Name Lookup/PreferenceRegistryIF (9AM < hour < 5 PM) THEN Preferred-End-Point = Office-PhoneIF (5 PM < hour < 11 PM) THEN Preferred-End-Point = Home-PhoneIF (11 PM < hour < 9 AM) THEN Preferred-End-Point = Voice-MailCallee locationCallee statePersonalActivityCoordinatorPreference RegistryUserPreferenceProfilesOtherPersonalStatePer Call Statee.g., Caller ID Time of DayCaller End Point TypeCallees Preferred End Point

Quality of Service IssuesHow to support QoS for real-time applications over IP-networks?SLAs describe acceptable traffic volume/rate, and expected performance assuranceResource ReservationISP1ISP3ISP2BobCharlieAlice

Clearing House ArchitectureIntroduce logical hierarchy Dist db (reservations, link utilization, net performance)Separate reservation and call-setupAggregation of reservation requestsAliceBD1BD nBobEdge RouterBD2

Data Transcoding ModelDynamic data transcodingSource and target data format independence / isolationRapid support for new devices (new device in 2 hrs!)UniversalInboxMicrophoneCell phoneE-MailResponse to ClientAutomatic Path CreationAudioCmd

Media ManagerTranscoder Services Voicemail -> Text Transcript Voicemail -> Text Summary Voicemail ->Text Outline Email -> Plain Audio Email -> GSM Audio Voicemail -> GSM Summary Voicemail -> Audio Summary Voicemail -> Skimmed AudioMail Access InterfaceNinjaMailMedia Manager InterfaceMedia Manager ServiceClientClientClientFolder StoreMail Access InterfacePOPMail Access InterfaceIMAP

IP TelephoneNeed overview slide

Price-Based Resource AllocationIP telephony applicationPrice based on loadCongestion-based modelExploring user reactions to pricingStatus:23 phone lines50 ugrad users (Sp00)~700 ugrads (Fa00)Current Price for Using Your Computer: 10 Tokens/minCurrent Price for Using Your Telephone: 15 Tokens/minNext Minute Price for Using Your Computer: 20 Tokens/minNext Minute Price for Using Your Telephone: 35 Tokens/minHandoff the Current Call to Your Computer: center.cs.berkeley.edu Yes?Handoff the Current Call to Your Telephone: (510) 642-8919 Yes?Packet Loss Rate When Using Your Computer: 3%InternetPSTNH.323 GatewayExample User Web Interface

Wireless Link ManagementModeling GSM media access, link, routing, and transport layersValidated ns modeling suite and BONES simulatorGSM channel error models from EricssonQoS and link scheduling for next generation linksHigh Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD), General Packet Radio System (GPRS), and Wideband CDMA (W-CDMA) RSVP signaling integration with bottleneck link schedulingReliable Link ProtocolsWireless links have high error rates (> 1%)Reliable transport protocols (TCP) interpret errors as congestionSolution is ARQ protocol, but retransmissions introduce jitter

RLP-TCP Collection & Analysis ToolsRLP and TCP interaction measurement / analysisBoth are reliable protocols (link and transport layers)Trace analysis tool to determine current interaction effectsTrace collection/analysis for design of next generation networksBTSTCP: End-to-End ReliabilityRLP: Wireless ReliabilityBSCMSCGSM NetworkTCP statsRLP statsTCP / RLP statsPost-processing tool(120 bytes/s)

TCP and RLP Data PlotSent 30,720 bytes from mobile host to stationary host

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32.43457232.43457232.43457232152

34.39157234.39157234.39157233228

36.11357236.11357236.11357233670

TCP Bytes

TCP Acks

RLP Bytes

RLP Ack

Seconds

Bytes

Chart2

100010000000

104610.0007570.0007570.0007570.0007570.0007570.0007570.000757

109211.1821791.1821791.1821791.1821791.1821791.1821791.182179

113811.1829071.1829071.1829071.1829071.1829071.1829071.182907

118411.7821661.7821661.7821661.7821661.7821661.7821661.782166

123011.7829021.7829021.7829021.7829021.7829021.7829021.782902

127612.5851632.5851632.5851632.5851632.5851632.5851632.585163

132212.585992.585992.585992.585992.585992.585992.58599

136812.9821222.9821222.9821222.9821222.9821222.9821222.982122

141412.982372.982372.982372.982372.982372.982372.98237

146013.5820083.5820083.5820083.5820083.5820083.5820083.582008

150613.582273.582273.582273.582273.582273.582273.58227

155213.9836353.9836353.9836353.9836353.9836353.9836353.983635

159813.9838883.9838883.9838883.9838883.9838883.9838883.983888

164414.5834634.5834634.5834634.5834634.5834634.5834634.583463

169014.5837654.5837654.5837654.5837654.5837654.5837654.583765

173615.1837285.1837285.1837285.1837285.1837285.1837285.183728

178215.1841255.1841255.1841255.1841255.1841255.1841255.184125

182815.5851165.5851165.5851165.5851165.5851165.5851165.585116

187415.5854995.5854995.5854995.5854995.5854995.5854995.585499

192016.1852186.1852186.1852186.1852186.1852186.1852186.185218

196616.1856286.1856286.1856286.1856286.1856286.1856286.185628

201216.5821436.5821436.5821436.5821436.5821436.5821436.582143

205816.582526.582526.582526.582526.582526.582526.58252

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219617.5836967.5836967.5836967.5836967.5836967.5836967.583696

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2702114.9821814.9821814.9821814.9821814.9821814.9821814.98218

2748114.98255514.98255514.98255514.98255514.98255514.98255514.982555

2794115.58215715.58215715.58215715.58215715.58215715.58215715.582157

2840115.5825615.5825615.5825615.5825615.5825615.5825615.58256

2886115.9837315.9837315.9837315.9837315.9837315.9837315.98373

2932115.98410615.98410615.98410615.98410615.98410615.98410615.984106

2978116.58347516.58347516.58347516.58347516.58347516.58347516.583475

3024116.58388516.58388516.58388516.58388516.58388516.58388516.583885

3070117.18370117.18370117.18370117.18370117.18370117.18370117.183701

3116117.18454717.18454717.18454717.18454717.18454717.18454717.184547

2426118.6050118.6050118.6050118.6050118.6050118.6050118.60501

3162121.7617421.7617421.7617421.7617421.7617421.7617421.76174

3208125.4056225.4056225.4056225.4056225.4056225.4056225.40562

3254125.40643225.40643225.40643225.40643225.40643225.40643225.406432

3300125.40665625.40665625.40665625.40665625.40665625.40665625.406656

3346125.40684825.40684825.40684825.40684825.40684825.40684825.406848

3355326.32258226.32258226.32258226.32258226.32258226.32258226.322582

3401326.32336326.32336326.32336326.32336326.32336326.32336326.323363

3447327.23609527.23609527.23609527.23609527.23609527.23609527.236095

3493327.23688627.23688627.23688627.23688627.23688627.23688627.236886

3539327.94007727.94007727.94007727.94007727.94007727.94007727.940077

3585327.9410127.9410127.9410127.9410127.9410127.9410127.94101

3631327.94170727.94170727.94170727.94170727.94170727.94170727.941707

3677327.94193627.94193627.94193627.94193627.94193627.94193627.941936

3723327.94257827.94257827.94257827.94257827.94257827.94257827.942578

3769328.38512228.38512228.38512228.38512228.38512228.38512228.385122

3815328.78200928.78200928.78200928.78200928.78200928.78200928.782009

3861329.38212229.38212229.38212229.38212229.38212229.38212229.382122

3907330.32411930.32411930.32411930.32411930.32411930.32411930.324119

3953330.40212230.40212230.40212230.40212230.40212230.40212230.402122

3999330.9835330.9835330.9835330.9835330.9835330.9835330.98353

4045330.98373630.98373630.98373630.98373630.98373630.98373630.983736

1.181542104611.1815421.1815421.1815421.1815421.1815421.181542

1.781523109211.7815231.7815231.7815231.7815231.7815231.781523

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3.581363123013.5813633.5813633.5813633.5813633.5813633.581363

3.982981127613.9829813.9829813.9829813.9829813.9829813.982981

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5.18298136815.182985.182985.182985.182985.182985.18298

5.584366141415.5843665.5843665.5843665.5843665.5843665.584366

6.184456146016.1844566.1844566.1844566.1844566.1844566.184456

6.581393150616.5813936.5813936.5813936.5813936.5813936.581393

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8.182937164418.1829378.1829378.1829378.1829378.1829378.182937

8.783013169018.7830138.7830138.7830138.7830138.7830138.783013

9.184466173619.1844669.1844669.1844669.1844669.1844669.184466

9.784538178219.7845389.7845389.7845389.7845389.7845389.784538

10.1813921828110.18139210.18139210.18139210.18139210.18139210.181392

10.7814251874110.78142510.78142510.78142510.78142510.78142510.781425

11.3813371920111.38133711.38133711.38133711.38133711.38133711.381337

11.7829721966111.78297211.78297211.78297211.78297211.78297211.782972

12.382962012112.3829612.3829612.3829612.3829612.3829612.38296

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3.3745723.37457236133.3745723.3745723.3745723.3745723.374572

3.39457

Iceberg 00

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