Ia&b august anubhav

ARCHITECTUREThe Author’s Residence in Lavasa & Goa Institute of Management: Dr. Brinda Somaya Kadju House: Pradeep Kodikara Architecture

INTERNATIONALCutty Sark: Grimshaw Architects LLP

URBANISMThe Mumbai Esplanade Project: Apostrophe A + uD & Somaya & Kalappa Consultants

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22 LET’S PARTNER

‘Embedded Intelligence’

In conversation with IA&B, Sir Nicholas Grimshaw of GRIMSHAW ARCHITECTS LLP

elaborates on his idea of practice, contemporary architecture and hopes for an

e�ective utilisation of knowledge & resources.

30 CURRENT

Au Courant updates on events, exhibitions, competitions and news.

44 PRODUCTS

Featured are contemporary, innovative and state-of-the-art products from

across the globe.

48 CONSTRUCTION BRIEF

‘Teaching Gardens’: J.P. Sahu Institute, Siliguri

Research Design O�ce (REDO) designs the ‘Teaching Gardens’: the J.P.

Sahu Institute in Sil iguri with environmentally conscious sensitivity and

an adaptable ambience that continually transforms with changes in

teaching methods.

50 Ahuja Towers, Mumbai

Weaving in a form inspired by soundless sail-boats docked along the chaotic

coastline of the city, Singapore-based Palmer & Turner Architects use

technological prowess to shape the Ahuja Towers in Mumbai.

52 ARCHITECTURE

Gestures in a Landscape

An author’s residence in Lavasa and an institutional campus in Goa – two

projects by Brinda Somaya are characterised by the elements, a sense of time

and context.

78 Element : Form

Sri Lankan architec t Pradeep Kodikara of Pradeep Kodikara Architec ture

has conceived the Kadju House to be embedded in simplicity and eloquence

of material ity.

88 INTERNATIONAL

Rise of the Phoenix

Elemental and cohesive, the restoration of the 143-year- old Cutty Sark in

Greenwich, London by GRIMSHAW ARCHITECTS LLP transforms the material

vestiges of the world’s only-remaining tea- clipper into a bold memento of

British seafaring supremac y.

Chairman: Jasu ShahPrinter, Publisher & Editor: Maulik Jasubhai Shah Chief Executive O�cer: Hemant Shetty

EDITORIALAssistant Editors: Maanasi Hattangadi, Ruturaj ParikhWriters: Rashmi Naicker (Online), Sharmila Chakravorty, Shalmali WagleDesign Team: Mansi Chikani, Prasenjit Bhowmick Event Management Team: Abhay Dalvi, Abhijeet MirashiSubscription: Dilip ParabProduction Team: V Raj Misquitta (Head), Prakash Nerkar, Arun Madye

Head O�ce:JMPL, 210, Taj Building, 3rd Floor, Dr. D. N. Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001, Tel: +91-22- 4213 6400,+ 91 -22-4037 3636, Fax: +91-22-4037 3635

SALESBrand Manager: Sudhanshu NagarE-mail: [email protected]

MARKETING TEAM & OFFICESMumbai Viresh Pandey / Parvez Memon210, Taj Building, 3rd Floor, Dr. D. N. Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001, Tel: +91-22- 4213 6400,+ 91 -22-4037 3636, Fax: +91-22-4037 3635Email: [email protected], [email protected]

Delhi: Preeti Singh / Manu Raj Singhal / Ankit Garg803, Chiranjeev Tower, No 43, Nehru Place, New Delhi – 110 019Tel: 011 2623 5332, Fax: 011 2642 7404, E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

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RNI Registration No. 46976/87, ISSN 0971-5509

Printed & Published by Maulik Jasubhai Shah on behalf of Jasubhai Media Pvt. Ltd (JMPL), 26, Maker Chamber VI, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400 021

Printed at M.B.Graphics, B-28 Shri Ram Industrial Estate, ZG.D.Ambekar Marg, Wadala, Mumbai 400031and Published from Mumbai - 3rd Floor, Taj Building, , 210, Dr. D. N. Road, Fort,Mumbai 400 001.Editor: Maulik Jasubhai Shah, 26, Maker Chamber VI, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400 021

Indian Architect & Builder: (ISSN 0971-5509), RNI No 46976/87, is a JMPL monthly publication. Reproduction in any manner, in whole or part, in English or any other language is strictly prohibited.We welcome articles, but do not accept responsibility for contributions lost in the mail.

INDIANARCHITECT AND

BUILDEREXPLORE

VOL 25 (12) | AUG 2012 | ` 200 | MUMBAI

98 URBANISM Resolving Con�icts

The Mumbai Esplanade Project is an attempt by Apostrophe A + uD with Somaya &

Kalappa Consultants to insert a continuous pedestrian realm in the extremely

sensitive Fort precinct of Mumbai connecting the two major terminals (Churchgate

and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus) with prime business and cultural districts.

110 YOUNG DESIGNERS ‘12 ARCHITECTURE

Blurring Boundaries

A statement built around an interplay of materials, its inhabitants’ aspirations and

elegant details, the J-19 Residence designed by Shradha Bhandari is a residential

paradigm in Gurgaon.

116 INTERIORS Oriental Odyssey

DA Design’s interior design for China 1 restaurant in Andheri, Mumbai explores

oriental imagery and contrasts to form coherence and contrive a re�ection of the

ancient ‘yin and yang’ understanding of the universe.

120 COMMENT Smart Growth: A Modern Urban Principle

Ritu Shrivastava & Anubhav Aggarwal chart the concepts of Smart Growth and

outline the components that will contribute to a ‘Liveable Community’.

124 SPACE FRAMES Surfaces with Memories

In this column curated by Dr. Deepak John Mathew, Nikhil Patel tries to understand

signs of lost things to re-interpret the traces we leave as we interact with our

surroundings to create architecture. Cover Image: © Ruturaj Parikh;

Indian Architect & Builder

INDIANARCHITECT AND

BUILDER

EXPLORE

Printed & Published by Maulik Jasubhai Shah on behalf of Jasubhai Media Pvt. Ltd (JMPL), 26, Maker Chamber VI, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400 021.Printed at M.B.Graphics, B-28, Shri Ram Industrial Estate, ZG.D.Ambekar Marg, Wadala, Mumbai 400031and Published from Mumbai - 3rd Floor, Taj Building, 210, Dr. D. N. Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001.

Editor: Maulik Jasubhai Shah, 26, Maker Chamber VI, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400 021.

Indian Architect & Builder: (ISSN 0971-5509), RNI No 46976/87, is a JMPL monthly publication. Reproduction in any manner, in whole or part, in English or any other language is strictly prohibited. We welcome articles, but do not accept responsibility for contributions lost in the mail.

Erratum: In the July 2012 issue of IA&B, the feature ‘Govardhan Eco

Village’ by Biome Environmental Solutions carried the

wrong caption, ‘Arches reduce the need for RCC Lintels’. The

correct caption is ‘Arches reduce the need for RCC Slabs’. We

regret the error and any inconvenience caused therein.

The concept of Smart Growth proponents’ compact, transit-oriented, walkable surroundings that incorporates mixed land use pattern, including neighbourhood schools, retail and commercial spaces, community institutions, and a wide variety of housing types and styles, within close proximity of one another. It has been bestowed in various urban and suburban areas throughout the United States and has been found to beneficially affect natural habitats, air and water pollution, and the preservation of land.

The ideas and principles of Smart Growth are to gain a particular function of community and place; expand the range of transportation, employment, and housing choices; equally distributing the costs and benefits of development; preserve and enhance natural and cultural resources; and promote public health.

Introduction

Smart Growth is a wide urban-generated planning and transportation theory that imparts growth in the centre of a city to decrease urban sprawl; and

creates compact, transit-oriented, walkable, bicycle-friendly land use, including neighbourhood schools, complete streets, and mixed-use development with a huge range of housing choices.

Smart Growth recognises connections between development and quality of life. It leverages new growth to improve the community. The features and idea of Smart Growth in a community differ from place to place. In a general scenario, Smart Growth invests time, attention, and resources in the community and provides new life to city centres and older deteriorated areas. New Smart Growth is more influenced towards a town-centred policy, transit and pedestrian-oriented, and has a greater mix of housing, commercial and retail uses. It also preserves open space and many other environmental amenities.

Why is Smart Growth Needed?These days, cities are facing new challenges in accomplishing economic growth, increasing wealth, and improving quality of life for residents. Growth and development both are very necessary for developing communities. They enhance a new life and impart vitality to the complete scenario. Growth and development, if managed improperly, can negatively affect a community’s quality of life, leading to congestion, pollution, pedestrian-hostile neighbourhoods, and sprawl. To accommodate an increasing population and demand for housing, services and infrastructure, there is an urge for a complete revolutionised Smart Growth technique without upsetting the qualities that make their communities pleasant places to live and work.

“Smart Growth” is a very broad and vast term. It is a bunch of various land uses and set of principles that provide a guideline to enhance our quality of life, preserve the natural environment and financial monitoring. The growth maintains a connection between development and quality of life after implementing the Smart Growth principles. The Smart Growth principles covers six goals and 10 set of principles which a part of this article.

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Smart Growth: A Modern Urban Principle

Components of Smart GrowthSmart Growth America, a national coalition of multiple smart growth advocacy groups, lists the following six goals of Smart Growth:1. Neighbourhood liveability2. Better access/less traffic3. Enabling pre-existing cities, suburbs, and towns to thrive4. Shared benefits5. Lower costs/lower taxes6. Preserving open space

In accordance with these six goals, the Smart Growth Network has developed ten basic principles to achieving smart growth:1. Mix land-uses2. Take advantage of compact building design3. Create a range of housing opportunities and choices4. Create walkable neighbourhoods5. Foster distinctive, attractive communities with a strong sense of place6. Preser ve open space, farmland, natural beauty, and crit ical environmental areas7. Strengthen and direct development towards existing communities8. Provide a variety of transportation choices9. Make development decisions predictable, fair, and cost-effective10. Encourage community and stakeholder-collaboration in development decisions

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These goals and principles of Smart Growth as presented to the general public and planners may vary by context and location, thoughts and respective views, however several themes keeps on emerging which includes a range of : preservation of open space, protection of environmentally sensitive areas, and support for further development of existing urban areas .

The three commuting forces behind the idea of Smart Growth are the creation of compact neighbourhoods, a successful combination of multiple uses, and an emphasis on transit-oriented development.

Compact NeighbourhoodsThere are many theories and assumptions behind the Smart Growth concept but according to Smart Growth theorists, creating compact, liveable and workable urban neighbourhoods will attract more residents and businesses; it will act as a key element for reducing urban sprawl and protecting local environments and climates. This concept is often gained by including a number of factors which are mixed-use development, the inclusion of affordable housing, public park and recreation space (to encourage pedestrian activity), and restrictions design forms (such as detached homes, private lots, large backyards, strip malls, and expansive surface parking lots). By concentrating activity in smaller, denser areas, smart growth preserves open spaces, reuses already-developed land in a more productive and refined manner, and harbours cleaner air, water supplies and other day-to-day utilities.

Mixed-Use DevelopmentsMixed-use developments include a complete designed lot which enables a variety of different activities within the same defined area or vicinity. These developments often include a combination of residential, commercial, industrial, retail, educational, institutional, and recreational uses, and can vary in size from a single building to a large-scale planned community. The main motive of mixed-use developments is to decrease the large travel distance; activities should be in proximity to one another. In recent years, many large communities have focussed on creating new “town centres” mixing multi-family residences,

retail shops, and office spaces in order to maximise the use and profitability of land and increase the tax base of their municipalities.

Transit-Oriented DevelopmentsTransit-oriented developments are basically built around major transportation nodes; most frequently rail stations, but primary access between buses, highways, and park-and-ride lots as well. In addition to their focus on mass transit forms (i.e. commuter rail, light rail, bus rapid transit, etc.) which are more environment-friendly than personal automobile travel, transit-oriented developments are also heavily oriented around biking and walking, which also reduce harmful pollution overall. Pedestrian and bicycle-friendly improvements include narrower streets, bicycle lanes, an urban bike-trail system, bicycle parking, an emphasis on pedestrian crossings, and separated walking paths.

How Do Governments Affect Smart Growth?Local governments affect Smart Growth development by local policies and zoning ordinances. Through zoning regulations, new development can be specified to a certain areas and land use can be regulated by location. Zoning laws can also reduce the amount of parking required to be built with new development, and can be used to mandate land to be utilised for parks, recreation space, and other community amenities.

Another popular approach is the use of environmental impact assessments (EIA), often required of prospective developers by state and/or local governments. These reports bind the physical and social impact which new development will have on the surrounding communities and environment and how they can be minimised.

References[1] Wikipedia: Smart Growth[2] Litman, Todd. Evaluating Criticism of Smart Growth. Victoria Transport

Policy Institute. 24 September 2007[3] Conflicts Between Smart Growth and Housing Affordability[4] O’Toole, Randall. The Folly of “Smart Growth” Thoureau Institute[5] Smart Growth and Its Effect on Housing Markets: The New Segregation.

(National Center for Public Policy Research)[6] Burchell, Robert W., David Listokin, and Catherine C. Galley. Smart

Growth: More Than a Ghost of Urban Policy Past, Less Than a Bold New Horizon. Housing Policy Debate. Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey (821-879)

[7] About Smart Growth (U.S. EPA)[8] Environmental Benefits of Smart Growth (U.S. EPA)[9] Effects of Different Development Types on the Environment (U.S. EPA)[10] This is Smart Growth: Featured Communities[11] Moglen, Glenn E., Steven A. Gabriel, and Jose A. Faria. A Framework

for Quantitative Smart Growth in Land Development. Journal of the American Water Resources Association. August 2003 (947- 959)

[12] What is Smart Growth? (Smart Growth America)[13] Knaap, Gerrit-Jan. A Requiem for Smart Growth? National Center for Smart Growth Research and Education. University of Maryland Arlington

County, Virginia (U.S. EPA)[14] Miller, Nancy A. and Jeff Miller. Defining Mixed-Use Development.

University of Minnesota

Further Readings:[1] Smart Growth America[2] Coalition for Smarter Growth[3] Bullard, Robert D. (ed.) (2007). Growing Smarter: Achieving Livable

Communities, Environmental Justice, and Regional Equity. The MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-524704

[4] “Urban Alchemy” Article about the need for efficient transit to serve smart growth

External Links:[1] Smart Growth Planning[2] Smart Code 7.0 A model for New Urbanism Planning Codes in PDF Format[3] Smart Growth America organization[4] Coalition for Smarter Growth[5] Smart Growth Online

Environmental Benefits of Smar t GrowthThe United States Environmental Protection Agency claims, “Smar t Growth principles can minimise air and water pollution, encourage Brownfield’s clean-up and reuse, and preser ve natural lands.”

A number of EPA studies per formed across the United States have shown that applying Smar t Growth principles to pre - exist ing communities has improved air quality (by reducing automobile mileage and emissions), improved water quality (by minimising paved sur faces and enabling natural rainwater f i l tration devoid of contamination), and preser ved a signif icant amount of open space and natural lands. Such case studies and evaluations have taken place in locations including Sacramento, Nashvil le, Atlanta, Southern New Jersey, Seattle, Denver, San Francisco/Oakland, Cleveland, Pittsburgh, Providence, Nor thern Virginia, Orlando, and Chicago.

Obstacles to Smar t GrowthAlso, Smar t Growth developments are often far more costly (f inancial ly) for developers than typical suburban communities. There is more dependency on automobiles rather than being a pedestrianised environment. The availabil ity of a chunk of land as per feasibi l ity and location is also in more deficient ratio. Therefore, much Smar t Growth often occurs in the form of urban infi l l or urban redevelopment, which is often expensive and controversial. Pre - exist ing neighbourhood residents also often protest massive new developments. Fur thermore, mass transit growth and expansion is s imilarly controversial and expensive. In addit ion, many crit ics claim that the rigidity of Smar t Growth plans increases personal regulations and reduces freedom, and that the density of Smar t Growth developments may actually increase traff ic congestion.

ConclusionUltimately, the design and development of an area are correlated and it has a wider range of effects on many other aspects such as the environment, sustainabil ity, consumption, transpor tation, population and l i festyle. A well- designed town with the needs of residents in mind can create a more stable and equitable area. Addit ionally, and impor tant lesson which should be always kept is that the shape of communities and Smar t Growth can be transformed by the residents. People want to l ive in an environment and a world capable of sustainabil ity. “Smar t Urban Growth” offers a better design that also benefits the environment, ecology, economy, equity, which can help provide better l ives for the entire nation and the world, leading to a complete “l iveable community”.

About the authors:

Ar. Ritu Shrivastava, Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture and Planning, MANIT, BhopalRitu has graduated from MITS, Gwalior and pursued Masters in Urban and Development Planning (MUDP) from MANIT, Bhopal. Her core expertise reflects in urban planning projects and in teaching as a faculty.

Ar. Anubhav Aggarwal, Architect, Arkiplan International Pvt, Ltd. New DelhiAnubhav has completed his B.Arch. degree from Vaastu Kala Academy, New Delhi. He is currently working as an architect in Arkiplan International Pvt, Ltd, a Dubai-based architectural firm in New Delhi. His expertise evolves from architectural projects and independent project-handling.

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