Human Interaction, Social Protocols and Collaborative Applications (http://agws.dit.upm.es/Isabel/other/) Prof. Juan Quemada <[email protected]> UPM - Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Wetice Wetice 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome
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Human Interaction, Social Protocols and Collaborative Applications
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Human Interaction, Social Protocolsand Collaborative Applications
UPM - Universidad Politécnica de MadridWeticeWetice 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome
Prof. Juan Quemada Wetice 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome 2
Social Intelligence*Humans are fundamentally social beings
“We are wired to connect with others”
We have a natural disposition toEmpathy, cooperation, group work, altruism
How How doesdoes ourour social social brainbrain worksworks onon thetheInternet?Internet?
*”Social Intelligence: The New Science of Human Relationships, by Daniel Goleman
Prof. Juan Quemada Wetice 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome 3
The last 50 cms to the userCan we really connect with others over theInternet?
And feelfeel that there is somebody at the other side
What is missing inthe last 50 cms to the user?
Technology, protocols, applications, etc.Or a sense of social linkage & empathy?
Prof. Juan Quemada Wetice 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome 4
Social Protocols (other definitions)
Standards of polite behaviour (CSCW)Netiquette:
Conventions for correct use of Internet TechnologyNorms that enable to express social capabilities
Including trust relationshipsXFN (Friend of a Friend) based Web annotations
for incremental creation of social networks……
Prof. Juan Quemada Wetice 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome 5
Social protocols are part of our “Social Intelligence”Enabling us to create successful groups and societies
Social protocols areExplicit representations of
Interaction rules used in human groups and societies
Social protocols map easily into our mental models of group interaction
Triggering behavioural and cognitive human processes
Social Protocols (this view)
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The Collaborative Floor
Collaboration on the Internet traditionally empasizes (floor) control rights
We must rethink the floor (PC, PDA, Mobile, ..)as a place for human interaction
As humans interact using Social protocolslet’s do “Social Social ProtocolProtocol BasedBased DesignDesign”
Prof. Juan Quemada Wetice 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome 7
The Isabel ApplicationIsabel development started in 1993
For supporting distributed realisation of ABC93-6RACE Advanced Broadband Communication Summer Schools
Goal: Interaction across remote auditoriums similar to co-located
Isabel develops a novel context aware service idea, whereInteractions are context dependentFloor control manages context and interaction at diferent levels
Isabel services were developed usingSocial Social ProtocolProtocol BasedBased DesignDesign
Prof. Juan Quemada Wetice 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome
ABC´96
- 4 day event in June 1996 with ~20 remote sites- Terrestrial and satellite ATM 6Mbit/s connections- Sites with speakers: Aveiro, Berlin, Brussels, Madrid, Naples- Other Sites: Athens, Barcelona, Bern, Den Haag, Linz,
Oslo, Ottawa, Paris, Rejkiavik, Rome, Turin, ...
Stockolm
AveiroMadrid
Ottawa
Paris
Iceland
Berlin
U.Linz
Naples
Geneva
Athens
BaselBrussels
Groningen
Turin
Oslo
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Defining Isabel services (Step 1)
Identification of the different types of interactionsCalled Interaction Modes (IM)
Feedback from events was useful to identify and tune IMs
Examples different context during a congressa presentation, a question round or a panel discussion
A different Interaction Mode is assigned for each one
The target activities have beenCongresses (program driven events)More informal meetingsClassroomsBut there are other
Prof. Juan Quemada Wetice 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome 10
Defining Isabel services (Step 2)Define for each Interaction Mode
Context Context and Interaction ModelInteraction Model
Context definition:Unique visual configuration
Interaction Model definitionIdentification of existing roles
Chair, speaker, attendeeIdentification of interaction events
Hand raising, turn giving, time signalling, …
Prof. Juan Quemada Wetice 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome 11
Defining Isabel services (Step 3)
Implementation context and model in Isabel
The context is introduced with a control protocolConfigures all Isabel terminals with the same visual layout
The Model has two floor control levelsLevel 1: Interaction mode change
The panel for IM change is activated only in the control sitesLevel 2: Intra IM control
Only sites with associated participation role will have control buttons and open audio and video channels
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Evolution of Isabel ServicesTele-conference (ABC’93-96):
Congress realisationScript driven centralized floor
Tele-class (Vodafone Master 98-00): Distributed classrooms with semi-centralized control
Control by lecturer or operator
ServicesServices havehave similar similar IMsIMs, , butbutfloorfloor control control modelsmodels differdiffer
Prof. Juan Quemada Wetice 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome 13
Interactionist School
“Interactionists characterize the world in terms of sequences of fleeting actions where each is seen as a response to what came before and as a stimulus to what comes afterwards”*
* H. Sacks, 1995, Lectures in Conversation, Cambridge Mass.* D. Gibson, 2005, Taking Turns and Talking Ties: Networks and Conversational
Interaction, AJS Volume 110 Number 6 (may 2005): 1561-97.
Prof. Juan Quemada Wetice 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome 14
rules to support effective group work or behaviour”
Prof. Juan Quemada Wetice 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome 15
The model
Social protocols can be modeled with:Context dependent event driven models Context dependent event driven models
Context dependent Context dependent EFSMsEFSMs (Extended Finite State Machines)(Extended Finite State Machines)
The context is signaled to the user by some side message Usually of visual nature, but not only
Participants must feelmust feel to be in the context
The interaction is driven by human generated events or actionsVoice messages, written messages, ..Visible actions, graphics, video, ..Technological interactions like mouse clicks, typed messages, ..Etc.
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Context issues and typesWhat is the mininum granularity level of
Context and interactionIs it the P-shift (participation shift) of interactionists?
Social protocols need a complex hierarchy or space of contexts
Cultural dimensionSynchronous or asynchronousSocial, group, interpersonal, ..Activity dimensionInteraction typeEtc.
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Interaction Actions
Many types of interactions actions existSpeech based interaction
Verbal messages of many kindsVisual interaction
Based on: sign language, gestures, images, viewgraphs, .. Written interaction
Based on: documents, editors, viewgraphs, ……….
Mapping of human interaction into tool state change is not easyCan include multimedia information and configurations
Prof. Juan Quemada Wetice 2008, 23rd June 2008, Rome 18
Means: Any site can request turn. Ifsite X requests it, his name will be marked yellow in requests panel. Chair.GiveTurn (SiteX) . / Show_Video (Position2, SiteX)Means: Only site with Chair role can select video of requesting site. If selected 2nd video will be shown.
SpeakerSpeaker&&
QuestionQuestion
1) 3 actions mapped as panel clicks: Any.RequestTurn, Chair.GiveTurn & Chair.ResetTurn2) Additional actions occur as audio visual msg exchange: dialogue among speaker and person asking question, but have not been made explicit transitions, for simplicity.
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