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AVIATION KNOWLEDGE HISTORY OF FLIGHTS By Carry Prameswari
21

History of flights

Oct 31, 2014

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This presentation describe a brief history of flights. starting with how myths and legends affect men's willing to flight, early effort of flight and finally ending with 19th-20th efforts. Further detail about each category will be discuss on the next slides.
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Page 1: History of flights

AVIATION KNOWLEDGEHISTORY OF FLIGHTS

By Carry Prameswari

Page 2: History of flights

OBJECTIVES

Participants able to explain time line of aviation technology evolution

Participants able to mention substantial figure in aviation

Page 3: History of flights

TODAY’S TOPICS

Myths and Legend of Flights

Early Efforts of Flight

19th and 20th Century Effort

Page 4: History of flights

Myths and Legend of Flight

Page 5: History of flights

Daedalus and Icarus

Greek mythology about a skillful craftsman and artisan

(Daedalus) and his son (Icarus) who invented wings

so they can fly.

Page 6: History of flights

Gatotkaca

Son of Bima, the second knight of the Pandava.

He was born as an ordinary knight, but then given a pair of wings by

the gods.Later he became a flying

knight guard of Amartapura until died in the war of Baratayuda.

Page 7: History of flights

Garuda

A giant bird that could talk like human being.

Garuda is believed to be the vehicle of Lord

Vishnu. Previously he was free, but with the promise of eternal he could be Lord Vishnu’s

vehicle.

Page 8: History of flights

Early Efforts of Flights

Page 9: History of flights

KITES (1000 B.C.)

Discovery of the kites, by Chinese.Used as:

• Human Flight• Military Application• Message for a rescue mission

• Science and Meteorology• Measuring distances• Testing the wind

• Radio Aerials and Light Beacons• Signaling and communication

for military operations

• Kite Traction

Page 10: History of flights

Aeolipile – Archytas of Tarentum

(428–350 BC)

The aeolipile is the first known device to transform steam into rotary motion.

Page 11: History of flights

King Bladud (850 B.C.)9th King of Great Britain. Great use of magic.

Fell to his death

Besnier the Locksmith (1678)Tested his contraption out on short distances. Attempts

at long distance flights and ended up in failure.

The Marquis de Bacqueville (1742)With large wings resembling paddles attached to

both his hands and feet, he jumped from a terrace on his mansion and proceeded to float toward the

gardens.

TOWER JUMPER

Page 12: History of flights

Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519)

Leonardo da Vinci made the first real studies of flight in the 1480's. He had over 100

drawings that illustrated his theories on flight.

The Ornithopter flying machine was never actually created. It

was a design that Leonardo da Vinci created to show how man

could fly. The modern day helicopter is based on this

concept.

Page 13: History of flights

First Hot Air Balloon(1783)

The brothers, Joseph Michel and Jacques Etienne Montgolfier, were

inventors of the first hot air balloon. They used the smoke from a fire to blow hot air into a silk bag. The silk

bag was attached to a basket. The hot air then rose and allowed the balloon

to be lighter-than-air.

In 1783, the first passengers in the colorful balloon were a sheep, rooster

and duck. It climbed to a height of about 6,000 feet and traveled more

than 1 mile.

Page 14: History of flights

19th and 20th Century Efforts

Page 15: History of flights

George Cayley(1799 - 1850's )

George Cayley worked to discover a way that man could fly. He designed many different

versions of gliders that used the movements of the body to control.

Over 50 years he made improvements to the gliders. - Changed the shape of the wings - Designed a tail - Tried a biplane design- Recognized that there would be a need for

power if the flight was to be in the air for a long time.

Cayley wrote On Ariel Navigation which shows that a fixed-wing aircraft with a power system for propulsion and a tail to assist in the control of the airplane would be the best way to allow

man to fly.

Page 16: History of flights

Otto Lillienthal (1848-1896)

German engineer, Otto Lilienthal, studied aerodynamics and worked to design a glider that would fly. He was the first

person to design a glider that could fly a person and was able to fly long distances.

He was fascinated by the idea of flight. Based on his studies of birds and how they fly, he wrote a book on aerodynamics that

was published in 1889 and this text was used by the Wright Brothers as the basis

for their designs.After more than 2500 flights, he was killed when he lost control because of a sudden strong wind and crashed into the ground.

Page 17: History of flights

Samuel Langley(1834-1906)

Samuel Langley was an astronomer, who realized that power was needed to help man

fly. He built a model of a plane, which he called an aerodrome, that included a steam-powered engine. In 1891, his model flew for

3/4s of a mile before running out of fuel.

Langley received a $50,000 grant to build a full sized aerodrome. It was too heavy to fly and it crashed. He was very disappointed. He gave up

trying to fly. His major contributions to flight involved attempts at adding a power plant to a glider. He was also well known as the director

of the Smithsonian Institute in Washington, DC.

Page 18: History of flights

Octave Chanute(1832-1910)

Octave Chanute published Progress in Flying Machines in 1894. It gathered and analyzed all the

technical knowledge that he could find about aviation

accomplishments. It included all of the world's aviation pioneers. The

Wright Brothers used this book as a basis for much of their experiments.

Chanute was also in contact with the Wright Brothers and often commented on their technical

progress.

Page 19: History of flights

Wright BrothersOrvile and Wilbur

The "Flyer" lifted from level ground to the north of Big Kill Devil Hill, North Carolina, at 10:35 a.m., on December 17, 1903. Orville piloted the plane which weighed about six hundred pounds. The first heavier-than-air flight traveled one hundred twenty feet in

twelve seconds. The two brothers took turns flying that day with the fourth and last flight

covering 850 feet in 59 seconds. But the Flyer was unstable and very hard to control.The brothers returned to Dayton, Ohio, where they worked for two more years

perfecting their design. Finally, on October 5, 1905, Wilbur piloted the Flyer III for 39

minutes and about 24 miles of circles around Huffman Prairie. He flew the first practical

airplane until it ran out of gas.

Page 20: History of flights

THANK YOU

Page 21: History of flights

Reference

• http://www.howstuffworks.com/icarus-and-daedalus-story1.htm

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kite• http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic

/7176/aeolipile• http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/k-12/UEET/

StudentSite/historyofflight.html