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Hemodynamic Simulator II P09026

Preliminary Design Review

10/3/2008

Rochester Institute of Technology

2 Hemodynamic Simulator Preliminary Design Review Friday, October 03, 2008

P09026

Contents Team Ethics & Norms .................................................................................................................................... 3

Project Plan ................................................................................................................................................... 4

Project Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 5

Customer Needs ........................................................................................................................................ 7

Specifications ............................................................................................................................................ 9

2-Quarter Schedule ................................................................................................................................. 11

Work Breakdown Structure .................................................................................................................... 12

Team Roles .............................................................................................................................................. 13

System Level Design .................................................................................................................................... 14

Overall System Architecture ................................................................................................................... 15

Electrical & Mechanical Model ............................................................................................................... 16

Overall System Sketch ............................................................................................................................. 17

Engineering Analysis ................................................................................................................................... 18

LV Pressure Curve generated by Dr. Karl Schwarz .................................................................................. 19

Static Fluids (Level 1) Calculations .......................................................................................................... 20

Dynamic Fluids (Level 2) Calculations as written by Dr. Jeffery Kozak ................................................... 21

Circulatory System Analysis .................................................................................................................... 22

Electrical Model ...................................................................................................................................... 23

Equivalent Electrical Model .................................................................................................................... 24

Graphical User Interface (LabVIEW) ....................................................................................................... 25

Risk Assessment .......................................................................................................................................... 26

Notes ........................................................................................................................................................... 28


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Team Ethics & Norms

Punctual Conflict Resolution Path

Each team member will be prompt and arrive at the team meetings on time. If an unexpected conflict comes up, the absent team member will notify at least one team-mate prior to the expected absence. An absent team-member should confirm that a team-mate has received their message (in person, voice mail, email, etc).

If a conflict that arrises being personal, design related, team related, or otherwise where the individual does not feel comfortable presenting it to the group, the team leader is to be consulted as the neutral party to assist in resolution of the conflict. If the Team leader is involved in the conflict or for some reason cannot act as a neutral mediator the lead engineer will assist in resolving to conflict. In both cases the conflict is to be resolved ultimatley for the betterment of the team.

Accurate Constructive Criticism

Each team member completes their work accurately and in a way that can be easily checked for accuracy by peers and the faculty guide. All work is fully documented and easy to follow.

As part of the design process all team members will likely engage in brainstorming, problem solving discussion, and critique of ideas. All team members will strive to keep interaction respectful and constructive.

Professional and Ethical Team Trust

Each team member gives credit where credit is due. All work completed includes citations to appropriate literature, or sources of assistance. If a team member has gotten assistance from a publication or individual, then that assistance or guidance is fully documented in the reports prepared. Each team member is honest and trustworthy in their dealings with their peers. Each team member follows the standards in the Students Rights and Responsibilities Handbook found at: http://www.rit.edu/studentaffairs/studentconduct/conductprocess.php#proscribedconduct

Honesty and trust are essential to the team environment. Team members will take all steps nessesary to uphold an aire of openness and integrity in interation between team client and faculty.

Communication Project Issues and Concerns

Each team member is dedicated to ensuring that there is open communication with other members of the group. Including needs and progress as well as setbacks and obstacles they are encountering in the completion of their individual assignments.

If a team member is to be absent, has scheduling conflicts that will not allow the workload requirements to be upheld, or comes across design issues or concerns, these issues are to be openly presented during meeting times so that resources can be redistrubted and solution can be found. This will ensure consistent progress and also shared team responsibility and goals.

Compliance to Customer Needs

Each team member is to make himself or herself aware of the customer's needs, and to give his or her best effort in a attempt to meet the customer's needs


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Project Plan


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Project Summary

Project Description

Hemodynamic Flow Simulator is a modular system that replicates the flow and pressure related to the hemodynamic system.

The long term goal of this project is to analyze and redesign some of the features of the module and make it fully compliant to

customer’s needs. The prototype designed by project P08026 team would be utilized in an attempt to achieve a final unit

which is both self contained and aesthetically pleasing. In addition, the module should be able to perform in equally well, in

educational and research applications.

Problem Statement:

The primary objectives of this project are to redesign the pump to its initial requirements, redevelop the data acquisition

software and develop computer control for all system parameters. In addition, the final product must be self contained, and

easy to transport from one classroom to another.

Objectives/Scope:

1. Initially, the pump must be redesigned in order to better replicate the pumping of the heart, which includes appropriate

blood pressure and volume from the heart.

2. The final product must contain a data acquisition system that would monitor blood pressures, volumes, flow rates at

desired locations. In addition, the measured data must be easily accessible to the user.

3. Furthermore, develop a computer system that would allow a user, access to all the parameters of the flow simulator.

Hence, providing the user with a better control of the entire unit.

Deliverables:

• To have a portable, aesthetically appealing, and fully functioning re-modeled blood flow simulator that would

appropriately replicate the operations of the heart (left-ventricle).

• To have a fully remodeled Graphical User Interface that would provide users full control of the unit, and is simple to

operate.

Expected Project Benefits:

• The module would provide faculty members with a tool that may be utilized for instructional purposes.

• This will soon incorporate the testing of the school‘s LVAD prototypes to prove their effects of the circulatory system.

Core Team Members:

• Alexander Baxter

• Joseph Featherall

• Mark Frisicano

• Clarissa Gore

• Liliane Pereira

• Jonathan Peyton

• Gaurav Zirath

06Project # Project Name Project Track Project Family

P09026 Hemodynamic Flow Simulator II Biomedical Engineering

Start Term Team Guide Project Sponsor Doc. Revision

2008-1 Dr. Phillips Dr. Phillips 1.3


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Assumptions & Constraints:

1. Simulate actual flow rates and pressures as produced by the human heart.

(ie. Match pressure waves in aorta and left ventricle, other properties to be emulated by the system include proper system

resistance and compliance.)

2. Must provide electrically and mechanically safe operation.

3. Must be portable, easy to transport from one class to another.

4. Heart chamber must be easily visible and data must be clearly displayed and recorded for use.

Issues & Risks:

• Redesigning the pump in an attempt to replicate the blood flow of the human heart.

• Developing a GUI that would allow user to fully control the system, including flow rates, and blood volume.


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Customer Needs

Question/Prompt

Importance (1 is highest)

Customer Statement Interpreted Need Improvement Suggested

Relevent Spec(s)

Basic Functions

10 I need you to develop a new cylinder

design, so that we know where all the parts come from and how to manufacture it.

The module has a unique design with documented

parts and assembly.

Create BOM including where the parts were obtained from

BOM

6 Create a stand for the heart so the

ultrasound probes can be hooked up to the heart while it is in operation.

- Build and design the stand

ES10

5 There must be no bubbles in the heart so

the ultrasound can be read easily. -

Bubbles will disrupt the

ultrasound, so the redesign must eliminate

bubbles

ES20

1 I need to be able to move the module to

another classroom for use. The module is

mobile.

Reduce the size of the

system and its components to

make the system easily portable

ES7 ES8

8 It must be easy to fill and drain the fluid, and

to clean up.

There is a simple method of filling and draining

liquids from the module.

Add valves in the system so it

becomes easier to drain

ES13 ES19

7 I need basic access points and standard connectors to be able to use measurement

tools.

The module has standard

connectors at joints.

Insert more access points so data can be collected at

more locations

Design Sketch

2 The module must be both electronically and

mechanically safe. The module is user safe.

ES12 ES13

9 The module must run for 1 hours

uninterrupted.

The module runs for a minimum of

1 hours. ES14

13 The module must use A/C voltage supply. The module uses

A/C voltage supply.

ES15

11 The module must be quiet enough to use

without a problem in a classroom. The module is

quiet. ES11

12 The fluid used needs to simulate blood. The fluid must simulate blood.

Locate a fluid other than

water to better simulate blood

ES1-ES3


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4 The pump section should be scalable to be able to represent an adult heart, as well as

that of an infant.

The module is scalable.

ES4

3

The heart must simulate the periodic waveform of the heart, including frequency, dynamic range and duration of pumps, as well as the output of fluid from the heart,

flow rates and volumes.

The pump module simulates the functionality of the heart.

ES6

Measurements and

Controls

2 There must be interfaces to and from the computer that will measure pressures and

flow.

The module has a bidirectional communications link that allows it to be controlled, modified and

monitored via the control system.

There will be more sensors to better

monitor the pressure and flow in various parts of the system

ES16

4 There must be access to the internal flow directly as well as indirectly to measure flow

and pressure.

The module is capable of

invasive and non-invasive

measurements of flow and pressure.

Design Sketch

1 I need it to be easy to use, and have a user

interface on LabView

There is a simple user interface on

Labview to control the module.

Re-create the interface to make it user-friendly and easy to

manipulate

ES16

3 There must be a fail-safe operation as well

as an emergency stop button.

The module has a fail-safe

operation as well as an emergency stop button.

ES12

Aesthetics

1 The module must be visually pleasing to

look at.

The module is aesthletically pleasing.

Make the design look like an engineering prototype,

clean and neat

ES17

2 Reduce the number of hose connections in

the system -

The previous design had to many hose clamps and

connections in the system

ES17

3

The module should be mounted on a board, and be functional lying down or turned

vertically. The end product must be "clearly impressive" to any friends, associates,

family, potential employers, etc.

The module is mounted on a board, and is

robust.

ES7-ES10 ES17


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Specifications

Engr.

Spec. #

Importa-

nce Source

Specification

(description)

Unit of Measure

Ideal Value Comments/Status

Fluid (Water)

ES1 1

http://www.thermexcel.com/english/ta

bles/eau_atm.htm Volume liters 5

Water will be used

according to

customer request

ES2 1


bles/eau_atm.htm Viscosity kg/m.s 0.001003

Room Temperature,

T = 20⁰C

ES3 1


bles/eau_atm.htm Density kg/m3 998.29

Room Temperature,

T = 20⁰C

Heart Chamber

ES4 1

http://www.fi.edu/learn/heart/develop

ment/development.html

Normal Heart

Rate

Beats

per

minute

120 -

Infant

70 - Adult

Values used as

reference on

generating Pressure

Curve

ES5 1

http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanb

ody/body/factfiles/heart/heartbeat.sht

ml

Max. Heart

Rate Beats

per

minute

220

With variation of +/-

5% - Values used as

reference on

generating Pressure

Curve

ES6 1

http://gaps.anest.ufl.edu/palm/files/for

mulas/13.html

Systemic

Vascular

Resistance MPa·s/

m3

90–120

Normal - Values

used as reference

on generating

Pressure Curve

Physical Dimensions

ES7 1 Cart Size inches

21.5 x

38.5

ES8 1 Height inches 72 Maximum Height

ES9 1

Location of the

heart feet 5

w.r.t the floor (eye

level)

Overall System and Safety

ES10 1

http://www.dangerousdecibels.org/faq.

cfm#16 Noise Level dB 60

Normal

conversation level

ES11 1

Emergency

Stop Button

Response

sec 3 Actuator motion

stops

ES12 2

http://www.grow.arizona.edu/Grow--

GrowResources.php?ResourceId=188 Drainage Time min 5

ES13 1

Functioning

Time hours 8

ES14 1

A/C Voltage

supply volts 120

Available in most

classrooms


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Specifications (Non-Quantifiable)

Engr.

Spec. #

Import

ance Source

Specification

(description)

Desired

Results

Comments/

Status

ES15 1

Control

Software Lab VIEW

ES16 1

Aesthetic

Benchmar

ked by

previous

project

and

customer

feedback

Aesthetically

Pleasing - Polished,

clean, enclosed,

stainless steel (low

maintenance), only

thing exposed will

the circulatory

system and the

heart chamber

ES17 1 Safety

Ground

Default

System

Like the ones in a

bathroom

Reference Parameters

Fluid (BLOOD)

ES18 1 Cutnell, John & Johnson, Kenneth. Physics,

Fourth Edition. Wiley, 1998: 308. Viscosity N-s/m² 0.0027 At 37°C

ES19 1 Cutnell, John & Johnson, Kenneth. Physics,

Fourth Edition. Wiley, 1998: 308. Density kg/m³ 1060 At 37°C

ES20 1

Taggart, Starr and Cecie Starr. Biology: The

Unity and Diversity of Life. California:

Wadsworth, 1989: 398. Volume liter 5

With variation of +/-

20%

ES21 1

ES22 1

http://www.eie.polyu.edu.hk/~ensmall/

eie448/EIE448/Notes_files/topic2.pdf

Circulatory

System total

length meters 10 8

Propagation Velocities of Blood in Human Body

ES23 1


eie448/EIE448/Notes_files/topic2.pdf Atria m/s 1

ES24 1


eie448/EIE448/Notes_files/topic2.pdf AV Node m/s 0.05

ES25 1


eie448/EIE448/Notes_files/topic2.pdf Purkinje Fibres m/s 3

ES26 1


eie448/EIE448/Notes_files/topic2.pdf Ventricles m/s 0.5


P09026

2-Quarter Schedule

Fall '08 Winter '08

Week 1

● Become informed on the project basics

● Contact former group members

● Set tenative plans of action

● Reviewed Project with Day and Phillips

● Set design path from newly gained information

●Begin

fabrication/testing/programing of

subsystems

Week 2

●Develop a firm understanding of the individial components design and

purpose and also the system as a whole

● Assign sub groups for design

● Set up meeting with Dr. Schwarz

● Use gained knowledge to refine goals and engineering specs

●Create list of key issues to be fixed in the system

●Define each members role in the group

●Outline project goals

● Assigned personal tasks for the team to complete the deliverables

●Continue

fabrication/testing/programming of

subsystems

Week 3

●Research and reassesment of goals

● Must have atleast one meeting with Schwarz by the end of this week

● Begin meeting in sub groups and laying out the plot for progress for

each subassembly

● Begin finalization of engineering spec within each group

● Report to eachother as a whole to plan for the next weeks progress

●Exteneding and updating of official timeline

●Finalize sub systems

●Final outline of projects due dates

and goals

Week 4

●Further Research

●Preliminary calculations(start design)

● Price and spec out components

● Review prelimary calculations and design specs with Schwarz and

Phillips

● Review as one group info gathered from advisors and alter design route

as needed.

● Continue with prototype design and calculations

●Begin complete system

fabrication/testing/programing

Week 5

●Have Rev 1 of new design with iterative calculations

●Task subsystem analysis to specific teammates

●Continue electrical analysis of analog system

●Begin defining BOM

●Continue complete system

fabrication/testing/programing

Week 6

●Solidfy design of system

●Continue reviews with Kozak and Day

●Pricing components

●Preliminary order

●Have first iteration of calculations of the system as a whole

●Final system fabrication

●Continue testing/programing

Week 7

●Solid modeling and FEA/CFD analysis

●Begin testing with available materials to gain knowledge of the real

dynamics of the system ●Test/Programing

Week 8

●Finalize modeling and software analysis

●Begin print making

●Address any final mechanical

issues

●Optimize programing

Week 9

●Final material acquisition

●Finalize prints ●Optimize controls

Week 10 ●Begin fabrication of components ●Tear down and rebuild

Week 11

●Continue fabrication of components

●Start programing ●Final testing and re-config


P09026

Work Breakdown Structure

Gaurav Zirath (EE)

Project Manager

Pump Design

Joseph Featherall (ME)

Jonathan Peyton (ME)

Mark Frisicano (ME)

Alex Baxter (EE)

Instrumentation

Clarissa Gore (EE)

AlexBaxter (EE)

Computer Control

Gaurav Zirath (EE)

Liliane Pereira (ME)

ClarissaGore (EE)

Joe Featherall (ME)

Lead Engineer


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Team Roles

Team Member

Field of

Study Pervious experience Role

Lillane Pereira ME •LabVIEW Computer

Control •Biomaterials

•AutoCAD

•Biology

Joseph

Featherall ME •Impact Lead Engineer

Pump Design •Frame Design

•Ceramic Bearing Test

•Suspension

Mark Frisicano ME •Motors Pump Design

•Servo Motor Design

•Test Rigs

Jonathan Peyton ME •Layout and Planning Pump Design

•Design Review

•Organizing Tooling

•Generator Drive

Gaurav Zirath EE •Research and Development Project Manager

Computer

Control •Programming

•Transmission Line Theory

Alex Baxter EE •Drive Control Instrumentation

Pump Design •PLC Programming

•Circuit Theory

Clarissa Gore EE •Analog Circuit Design Instrumentation

Pump Design •Device Characterization

•Technical Writing


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System Level Design


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Overall System Architecture

GUIUser interface allows

operator to control the flow rate

ControllerStores the program and controls the movement

of the actuator

ActuatorMovement of the

actuator pumps water throughout the system

Mechanical System

Mock circulatory system

Data Acquisition

Acquires data from the sensors in the system

and feeds it back to GUI


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Electrical & Mechanical Model


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Overall System Sketch


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Engineering Analysis


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LV Pressure Curve

generated by Dr. Karl Schwarz


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Static Fluids (Level 1) Calculations


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Dynamic Fluids (Level 2) Calculations

as written by Dr. Jeffery Kozak


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Circulatory System Analysis


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Electrical Model

Control System

GUI

Controller

Output

Servo Control

Inputs

Pressure Sensor

Pressure Sensor

Pressure Sensor

Flow Meter


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Equivalent Electrical Model

Hemodynamic Transmission Line Modeling Summary

Research has shown that the hemodynamic system can be modeling by a single two-port transmission

line. Electrical parameters can be matched to analogous mechanical parameters.

• Voltage –Pressure

• Current –Flow

• Capacitance – Compliance

• Electrical Resistance – Mechanical Resistance

Ansoft Designer Analysis

MatLab Analysis

The transfer function of the system was computed using the Fourier Transform and simulated using

Matlab.

� �� +

�� = �1 + �

� � + ��

�(�)�(�) + 1� �(�) = (�) �1 + �� + ��(�)(�)

�(�) �� + �� = (�) ��1 + �

� � + ��

�(�)(�) =

�1 + �� + �� + 1

�

Concerns about the accuracy/usefulness of these modeling techniques:

• Does it model the system we have?

• Are we capable of adding all the necessary components?

• Will we be able to accurately map our mechanical to our electrical parameters?


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Graphical User Interface (LabVIEW)


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Risk Assessment

# Category /

Tag Risk Description/Comment Likelihood

(1-5) Severity (1-5)

Risk Priority Number

Mitigation Activity

1 Cost Actuator Cost 2 3 6 6K budget,

2

Design

Actuator creates a negative pressure

Negative pressure created during retraction/filling 2 2 4

Control system or adding relief valve to system

3 Water Column Inertia

During reversing water column will have inertia causing non-idealization 3 4 12

Build factor of safety and flexibility into system

4

Materials

Tank/Tubing Leak Water leaks from the heart, tank, or tubing 2 3 6

Tight fittings, check to make sure all connections are sealed

5 Tank Pressure Tank pressure does not meet the specs 1 3 8

Adjust the tank or water level to adjust the pressure

6 Actuator/Pump Inaccuracies

Actuator does not pump water at the desired rate 2 2 4

Adjust the programming until the desired waveform is reached

7 Measurements Inaccurate measurements

inaccuracy of measurements improperly placed flow meters 1 2 2

Place the sensors where they will record the desired measurements

8

Methods

Assembly error

Connections not tight, tubes not connected to the correct ports 1 3 3

Check all connections before turning on power and testing the simulator

9 LabVIEW errors

Trouble communicating between computer and sensors, not reading desired values 2 3 6

Debug software to ensure desired results

10 Overload Actuator Put to much pressure on the actuator 1 4 4

Review actuator data sheet to make sure we do not use inputs that are too large


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11 People Water Spill

Caused by user error, loose connections, incorrect filling or draining 1 2 2

User must be careful when filling the tank and assembling the tubing

12 Scheduling Lead time for actuator

Actuator takea long time to receive 3 3 9

Specify and order by week 6

13

Simulations

Losses in System cause inaccuracies

Viscous fluid losses non-idealization 4 4 16

Build factor of safety and flexibility into system

14 Air column resonance

Air may resonate during pulsation 1 2 2

Analyze system for resonance (Helmholtz resonance theory)


P09026

Notes

Hemodynamic Simulator II - EDGEedge.rit.edu/.../Pictures/Hemodynamic_Simulator/DesignReviewRepo… · Hemodynamic Simulator II P09026 ... Calculations ... 9 Hemodynamic Simulator

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