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Harun Yahya Islam The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Aug 29, 2014

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Page 1: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin
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••AA ssppeecciiaall cchhaapptteerr iiss aassssiiggnneedd ttoo tthhee ccoollllaappssee ooff tthhee tthheeoorryy ooff eevvoolluuttiioonn bbeeccaauussee tthhiiss tthheeoorryy ccoonnssttii--ttuutteess tthhee bbaassiiss ooff aallll aannttii--ssppiirriittuuaall pphhiilloossoopphhiieess.. SSiinnccee DDaarrwwiinniissmm rreejjeeccttss tthhee ffaacctt ooff ccrreeaattiioonn——aannddtthheerreeffoorree,, AAllllaahh''ss eexxiisstteennccee——oovveerr tthhee llaasstt 114400 yyeeaarrss iitt hhaass ccaauusseedd mmaannyy ppeeooppllee ttoo aabbaannddoonn tthheeiirr ffaaiitthhoorr ffaallll iinnttoo ddoouubbtt.. IItt iiss tthheerreeffoorree aann iimmppeerraattiivvee sseerrvviiccee,, aa vveerryy iimmppoorrttaanntt dduuttyy ttoo sshhooww eevveerryyoonnee tthhaatttthhiiss tthheeoorryy iiss aa ddeecceeppttiioonn.. SSiinnccee ssoommee rreeaaddeerrss mmaayy ffiinndd tthhee cchhaannccee ttoo rreeaadd oonnllyy oonnee ooff oouurr bbooookkss,, wweetthhiinnkk iitt aapppprroopprriiaattee ttoo ddeevvoottee aa cchhaapptteerr ttoo ssuummmmaarriizzee tthhiiss ssuubbjjeecctt..••AAllll tthhee aauutthhoorr''ss bbooookkss eexxppllaaiinn ffaaiitthh--rreellaatteedd iissssuueess iinn lliigghhtt ooff QQuurr''aanniicc vveerrsseess,, aanndd iinnvviittee rreeaaddeerrss ttoolleeaarrnn AAllllaahh''ss wwoorrddss aanndd ttoo lliivvee bbyy tthheemm.. AAllll tthhee ssuubbjjeeccttss ccoonncceerrnniinngg AAllllaahh''ss vveerrsseess aarree eexxppllaaiinneedd ssooaass ttoo lleeaavvee nnoo ddoouubbtt oorr rroooomm ffoorr qquueessttiioonnss iinn tthhee rreeaaddeerr''ss mmiinndd.. TThhee bbooookkss'' ssiinncceerree,, ppllaaiinn,, aanndd fflluueennttssttyyllee eennssuurreess tthhaatt eevveerryyoonnee ooff eevveerryy aaggee aanndd ffrroomm eevveerryy ssoocciiaall ggrroouupp ccaann eeaassiillyy uunnddeerrssttaanndd tthheemm..TThhaannkkss ttoo tthheeiirr eeffffeeccttiivvee,, lluucciidd nnaarrrraattiivvee,, tthheeyy ccaann bbee rreeaadd aatt oonnee ssiittttiinngg.. EEvveenn tthhoossee wwhhoo rriiggoorroouussllyyrreejjeecctt ssppiirriittuuaalliittyy aarree iinnfflluueenncceedd bbyy tthhee ffaaccttss tthheessee bbooookkss ddooccuummeenntt aanndd ccaannnnoott rreeffuuttee tthhee ttrruutthhffuull--nneessss ooff tthheeiirr ccoonntteennttss..••TThhiiss aanndd aallll tthhee ootthheerr bbooookkss bbyy tthhee aauutthhoorr ccaann bbee rreeaadd iinnddiivviidduuaallllyy,, oorr ddiissccuusssseedd iinn aa ggrroouupp..RReeaaddeerrss eeaaggeerr ttoo pprrooffiitt ffrroomm tthhee bbooookkss wwiillll ffiinndd ddiissccuussssiioonn vveerryy uusseeffuull,, lleettttiinngg tthheemm rreellaattee tthheeiirr rree--fflleeccttiioonnssaanndd eexxppeerriieenncceess ttoo oonnee aannootthheerr..••IInn aaddddiittiioonn,, iitt wwiillll bbee aa ggrreeaatt sseerrvviiccee ttoo IIssllaamm ttoo ccoonnttrriibbuuttee ttoo tthhee ppuubblliiccaattiioonn aanndd rreeaaddiinngg ooff tthheesseebbooookkss,, wwrriitttteenn ssoolleellyy ffoorr tthhee pplleeaassuurree ooff AAllllaahh.. TThhee aauutthhoorr''ss bbooookkss aarree aallll eexxttrreemmeellyy ccoonnvviinncciinngg.. FFoorrtthhiiss rreeaassoonn,, ttoo ccoommmmuunniiccaattee ttrruuee rreelliiggiioonn ttoo ootthheerrss,, oonnee ooff tthhee mmoosstt eeffffeeccttiivvee mmeetthhooddss iiss eennccoouurraaggiinnggtthheemm ttoo rreeaadd tthheessee bbooookkss..••WWee hhooppee tthhee rreeaaddeerr wwiillll llooookk tthhrroouugghh tthhee rreevviieewwss ooff hhiiss ootthheerr bbooookkss aatt tthhee bbaacckk ooff tthhiiss bbooookk.. HHiissrriicchh ssoouurrccee mmaatteerriiaall oonn ffaaiitthh--rreellaatteedd iissssuueess iiss vveerryy uusseeffuull,, aanndd aa pplleeaassuurree ttoo rreeaadd..••IInn tthheessee bbooookkss,, uunnlliikkee ssoommee ootthheerr bbooookkss,, yyoouu wwiillll nnoott ffiinndd tthhee aauutthhoorr''ss ppeerrssoonnaall vviieewwss,, eexxppllaannaattiioonnssbbaasseedd oonn dduubbiioouuss ssoouurrcceess,, ssttyylleess tthhaatt aarree uunnoobbsseerrvvaanntt ooff tthhee rreessppeecctt aanndd rreevveerreennccee dduuee ttoo ssaaccrreedd ssuubb--jjeeccttss,, nnoorr hhooppeelleessss,, ppeessssiimmiissttiicc aarrgguummeennttss tthhaatt ccrreeaattee ddoouubbttss iinn tthhee mmiinndd aanndd ddeevviiaattiioonnss iinn tthhee hheeaarrtt..

TTOO TTHHEE RREEAADDEERR

GGLLOOBBAALL PPUUBBLLIISSHHIINNGG

May, 2008

Talatpasa Mah. Emirgazi CaddesiIbrahim Elmas Ismerkezi

A Blok Kat 4 Okmeydani - Istanbul/TurkeyPhone: (+90 212) 222 00 88

wwwwww..hhaarruunnyyaahhyyaa..ccoomm -- wwwwww..hhaarruunnyyaahhyyaa..nneett

All translations from the Qur'an are from The Noble Qur'an: a New Renderingof Its Meaning in English by Hajj Abdalhaqq and Aisha Bewley, published by

Bookwork, Norwich, UK. 1420 CE/1999 AH.

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Now writing under the pen-name of HARUN YAHYA, Adnan Oktarwas born in Ankara in 1956. Having completed his primary and second-ary education in Ankara, he studied arts at Istanbul's Mimar SinanUniversity and philosophy at Istanbul University. Since the 1980s, he haspublished many books on political, scientific, and faith-related issues.Harun Yahya is well-known as the author of important works disclosingthe imposture of evolutionists, their invalid claims, and the dark liaisons

between Darwinism and such bloody ideologies as fascism andcommunism.

Harun Yahya's works, translated into 57 different languages,constitute a collection for a total of more than 45,000 pages with30,000 illustrations. His pen-name is a composite of the namesHarun (Aaron) and Yahya (John), in memory of the two es-

teemed prophets who fought against their peoples' lack offaith. The Prophet's seal on his books' covers is symbolic

and is linked to their contents. It represents the Qur'an(the Final Scripture) and Prophet Muhammad (saas),

last of the prophets. Under the guidance of the Qur'anand the Sunnah (teachings of the Prophet [saas]), theauthor makes it his purpose to disprove each funda-mental tenet of irreligious ideologies and to have

the "last word," so as to completely silence the ob-jections raised against religion. He uses the seal

of the final Prophet (saas), who attained ulti-mate wisdom and moral perfection, as a sign

of his intention to offer the last word.All of Harun Yahya's works share

one singlegoal: to convey the Qur'an'smessage, encourage read-

ers to consider basicfaith-related issues

such as Allah's ex-istence

AABBOOUUTT TTHHEE AAUUTTHHOORR

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and unity and the Hereafter; and to expose irreligious systems' feeble foundations and pervertedideologies. Harun Yahya enjoys a wide readership in many countries, from India to America,England to Indonesia, Poland to Bosnia, Spain to Brazil, Malaysia to Italy, France to Bulgaria andRussia. Some of his books are available in English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese,Urdu, Arabic, Albanian, Chinese, Swahili, Hausa, Dhivehi (spoken in Mauritius), Russian, Serbo-Croat (Bosnian), Polish, Malay, Uygur Turkish, Indonesian, Bengali, Danish and Swedish.

Greatly appreciated all around the world, these works have been instrumental in many peo-ple recovering faith in Allah and gaining deeper insights into their faith. His books' wisdom andsincerity, together with a distinct style that's easy to understand, directly affect anyone who readsthem. Those who seriously consider these books, can no longer advocate atheism or any other per-verted ideology or materialistic philosophy, since these books are characterized by rapid effec-tiveness, definite results, and irrefutability. Even if they continue to do so, it will be only a senti-mental insistence, since these books refute such ideologies from their very foundations. All con-temporary movements of denial are now ideologically defeated, thanks to the books written byHarun Yahya.

This is no doubt a result of the Qur'an's wisdom and lucidity. The author modestly intends toserve as a means in humanity's search for Allah's right path. No material gain is sought in the pub-lication of these works.

Those who encourage others to read these books, to open their minds and hearts and guidethem to become more devoted servants of Allah, render an invaluable service.

Meanwhile, it would only be a waste of time and energy to propagate other books that createconfusion in people's minds, lead them into ideological chaos, and that clearly have no strong andprecise effects in removing the doubts in people's hearts, as also verified from previous experience.It is impossible for books devised to emphasize the author's literary power rather than the noblegoal of saving people from loss of faith, to have such a great effect. Those who doubt this can read-ily see that the sole aim of Harun Yahya's books is to overcome disbelief and to disseminate theQur'an's moral values. The success and impact of this service are manifested in the readers' con-viction.

One point should be kept in mind: The main reason for the continuing cruelty, conflict, andother ordeals endured by the vast majority of people is the ideological prevalence of disbelief. Thiscan be ended only with the ideological defeat of disbelief and by conveying the wonders of cre-ation and Qur'anic morality so that people can live by it. Considering the state of the world today,leading into a downward spiral of violence, corruption and conflict, clearly this service must beprovided speedily and effectively, or it may be too late.

In this effort, the books of Harun Yahya assume a leading role. By the will of Allah, thesebooks will be a means through which people in the twenty-first century will attain the peace, jus-tice, and happiness promised in the Qur'an.

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IINNTTRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..1100The Impact of Fossil Skulls on

Darwinism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

SSOOMMEE SSPPEECCIIMMEENNSS OOFF FFOOSSSSIILL SSKKUULLLLSS Monkey skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

White wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Panda skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

Hyena skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Horse skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Snow leopard skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

African lion skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

Golden monkey skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Pony skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Caribbean monk seal skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42

Grey wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

Raccoon skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

Zebra skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

Horse skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47

Panda skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48

Indian civet cat skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

Malayan sun bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50

Siberian wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51

Tasmanian devil skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

Tibetan wild donkey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

Maned wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54

Monkey skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

Asian wild horse skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56

Grizzly bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57

Snow leopard skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58

Foal skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

Tasmanian wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60

Wild horse skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61

Jungle cat skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

Jackal skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Wild dog skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64

Pony skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

Lynx skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

Camel skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67

Grizzly bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68

Bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69

Hyena skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70

Lion skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71

Turtle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72

Asian lion skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74

Donkey skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

Lynx skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76

Arctic fox skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77

Jackal skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78

Coyote skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79

Seal skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80

Leopard skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

Wild cat skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82

Red wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

Lion skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84

Brown bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85

Asian black bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86

Polecat skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87

Spotted seal skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88

Grey fox skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89

Red fox skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90

Jackal skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91

Brown bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92

Wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94

Black bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

Striped jackal skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96

Wild dog skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

Aardwolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99

Bat-eared fox skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100

Bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101

Aardwolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102

Lion skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103

Tasmanian devil skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104

Weasel skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105

Wild boar skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106

Wild boar skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107

Zebra skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108

Cheetah skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

Lion skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Brown hyena skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Antelope skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112

Antelope skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113

Polar bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

Wild dog skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115

Grizzly bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116

Black wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117

Jaguar skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118

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Lion skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119

Small Indian civet cat skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120

Wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121

Asian golden cat skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122

Red wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

Giraffe skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124

Zebra skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

Red panda skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126

Fox skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127

Wild donkey skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128

Wolverine skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129

Hyena skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130

Asian wild dog skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131

Tiger skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132

Fox skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133

Red panda skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134

Wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135

Hyena skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136

Caribbean monk seal skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137

Wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138

Black bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139

Lion skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140

Brown bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141

Grizzly bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142

Brown bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143

Siberian wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144

Steppe polecat skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .145

Hyena skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146

Panda skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147

Zebra skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148

Hyena skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149

Wild hunting dog skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150

Brown bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151

Lion skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152

Asian wild horse skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153

Tiger skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154

Fox skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155

Rabbit skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156

Cormorant skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .157

Raccoon skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158

Coyote skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159

Zebra skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160

Antelope skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161

Tiger skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162

Wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163

Hyena skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164

Weasel skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165

Turtle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .166

Brown bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167

Wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .168

Arctic fox skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .169

Tiger skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170

Panda skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171

Bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172

Siberian wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173

Tiger skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174

Antelope skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175

Spotted deer skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .176

Rhinoceros skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

Hyena skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

Dhole skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179

Wild boar skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180

Wolverine skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

Wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

Fisher marten skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .183

Tibetan sand fox skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184

Spectacled bear skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185

Wolf skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186

Dhole skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187

CCOONNCCLLUUSSIIOONN .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..118888The Burial of Darwinism as Europe

Awakens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

1100 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

According to Darwinists’ erroneous way of thinking, they supposed there is only oneexplanation for the emergence of living things in nature: All are descended from thevery first living cell, which developed spontaneously as the result of blind coincidences.

Over the course of time—and again by chance—earlier species gradually trans-formed into other genetically different species. To put it another way, Darwinism feelsthat in order to account for the emergence of life, all that’s needed are coincidences, nat-ural events and long periods of time. According to Darwinists, life emerged through acombination of these accidents, for which reason there can be no question of such con-cepts as reason, intelligence or even consciousness (Allah is beyond this) playing anypart in the process.

From their assertion, it follows that the fossil record—and specifically, fossil skulls—should contain clear evidence of this imaginary unconscious process that took placeover millions of years. If species really are descended from earlier life forms, then inter-mediate signs of the process should be visible throughout the fossil record. If life formsreach their most advanced forms at the end of a number of previous stages, then thenumber of fossilized life forms in the process of changing—from fish to reptiles, fromreptiles to mammals, and from mammals to intermediate life forms that supposedlytook to flying in the air, should be much greater than the number of fossils that hadcompleted the imaginary evolutionary process.

There should be billions of such fossils, and the fictitious process of evolution shouldbe crystal clear from them. The fossil record, therefore, should constitute one of themost important proofs of the theory of evolution.

And in fact, Charles Darwin himself was well aware of this:

If my theory be true, numberless intermediate varieties, linking most closely all the species of thesame group together, must assuredly have existed. . . . Consequently, evidence of their former exis-tence could be found only amongst fossil remains.1

. . . the number of intermediate and transitional links, between all living and extinct species, musthave been inconceivably great.2

But the truth revealed by the fossil record is very different! Millions of fossils belong-ing to tens of thousands of different species have been discovered. All of these representfully formed and complete life forms, each with a perfect appearance and complexity.There is no trace of the intermediate species expected by Darwin and so longed for byall Darwinists since.

INTRODUCTION

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 1111

DDAARRWWIINN’’SS IIRRRRAATTIIOONNAALL AANNDD UUNNSSCCIIEENNTTIIFFIICC FFOORRMMUULLAA

According to Darwinist logic, tigers, hares, cats, but-

terflies, and brightly colored flowers—as well as

thinking, reasoning, feeling human beings capable of tak-

ing precautions and signing their names to scientific ad-

vances—have all emerged by chance, spontaneously,

ever since when natural elements and phenomena such

as mud, rain, lightning, thunder and wind combined over

long periods of time to create life. However, this myth is

so ridiculous that not even a primary school student

could possibly believe it.

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1122 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

Not a single intermediate form has been found anywhere in the world. Life forms tens of millionsof years old have exactly the same appearance as their living counterparts today. Ants, flies, fish,bears, spiders, tigers and lions alive today are exactly the same as their counterparts that lived mil-lions of years in the past. All have exactly the same levels of complexity as their ancient counterparts.They have never changed—in other words, they never evolved.

This applies to all the other living things on Earth, plants and animals alike. Fish have neverchanged, and neither have birds. Reptiles have survived unchanged, and so have crustaceans. Thereare countless fossil specimens that show that living things have never changed. This is the truthplaced on display throughout the volumes that comprise the Atlas of Creation series. These booksconsider only a very small part of all the fossils that demonstrate how living things have always re-mained exactly the same. Without exception, all the millions of fossils obtained to date, constitute ev-idence that evolution never happened.

The fossils presented in this book totally demolish one of Darwinists’ major claims: their scenario ofmammalian evolution. These fossil skulls, millions of years old, show that these mammals lived in exact-ly the same forms as those alive today—which fact deals a serious blow to Darwinism. The realization

The photo below shows a fossil researcher de-

termining the borders between one rock layer

and the other strata. This process involves the

identification of all the strata present, the for-

mation process involved and the movement of

the Earth that is still going on. Thus the age of

fossils as well as their location can both be

determined.

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No trace of any life form that could possibly be proposed

as the supposed ancestor of the starfish has ever been

found. Neither have starfish been observed to develop in-

to any other life form. They have been in existence for

hundreds of millions of years, and if Darwinist claims were

true, they should long ago have turned into other forms of

marine life, or even have become terrestrial creatures. Yet

no such transition has ever taken place. This 430-million-

year-old starfish fossil completely refutes all claims that

evolution represents the origin of new species.

A 125-million-year-old spiderfossil and aspecimen livingtoday.

Excavations carried out over the last

150 years have always produced evi-

dence that totally discredits evolu-

tion. One such is this 50-million-year-

old crab fossil unearthed at Monte

Baldo in Italy, which demonstrates

that crabs have always existed as

crabs.

One substance in which the very best-preserved fossils appear is amber.

Fossils within amber resulted when the clear sap or resin secreted by trees

solidifies around living things and preserved them as they were at the

very moment of death. These 25-million-year-old flying ants are

specimens that invalidate the theory of evolution.

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa1144

This life form, which

lived 57 million years

ago, is identical to

its counterparts living

today. Like hundreds of

thousands of other spe-

cies today, this fossilized

one has never undergone

any changes in the

intervening

time.

At an era when evolutionists maintain

that a primitive environment prevailed,

already there were complex life forms

with exactly the same appearance and

physical structures that they display to-

day. Even tens of millions of years ago,

the Earth was filled with highly sophisti-

cated and well-formed species with all the

characteristics they possess today.

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 1155

that so many birds, reptiles, fish and finally mammals never underwent evolution strongly suggeststhat the idea of human evolution is utter nonsense, too. The idea of human evolution, for whichDarwinists have been unable to provide any shred of evidence, has been totally discredited by themillions of “living fossils” representing species that are still alive today.

The fossils depicted in this book represent just a very few of the mammal skulls discovered to date.Anyone with common sense who examines these will agree that each fossil shows that the given spe-cies of mammal has remained unchanged in the form in which it was originally created. That, in turn,will lead to a better understanding of the deceptive nature of Darwinism, which maintains that hu-man beings are only another species of animal descended from apes. In the same way that evolutionnever happened over the course of natural history, so there is no equivalent “turning point” in hu-man history. All the hoaxes perpetrated to keep this deception alive have been proven vain. The sub-lime and flawless Creation of our Lord Allah, the Creator and sole Lord of all entities, is plain for ev-eryone to grasp. The artistry of our Lord, Who creates from nothing, is displayed all over the world.

You can see this for yourself merely from glancing at a rose in the garden, at a bird’s wing, at allthe countless living species in all their variety, or at the magnified image of just one single cell. Thefossil record has provided plentiful evidence that makes it impossible to deny this immaculateCreation. No objections can any longer be raised to this conclusive evidence.

Darwinists are struggling in vain because willingly or not, they have finally come to admit thedeath of the theory of evolution. All their efforts aimed at keeping Darwinism alive are helpless anddespairing. Nobody any longer attach any credence to Darwinism. No doubt, the most rational courseof action is to see the truth and shun one’s past errors, abandon any false dream, and to cease wast-ing one’s time in this world—which was created as a place of testing—on such a hollow goal.

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

TTHHEE IIMMPPAACCTT OOFF FFOOSSSSIILL SSKKUULLLLSS OONN DDAARRWWIINNIISSMM

Darwin’s thesis that human beings and apes are descended from a common ancestor wasnever supported by any scientific findings, neither when he first proposed it, not afterward.All the efforts exerted from then to the present—a period of some 150 years—have been invain. All the fossils obtained to date have proved that apes have always existed as apes, thathuman beings have always existed as human beings, that apes did not turn into humans andthat apes, and that humans have no common ancestor.

Despite Darwinists’ intensive propaganda and efforts aimed at intimidating academic cir-cles, many scientists have nevertheless issued unequivocal statements that the idea of humanevolution is not based on any scientific data. One such is the Harvard University paleoan-thropologist David Pilbeam:

If you brought in a smart scientist from another discipline andshowed him the meager evidence we’ve got, he’d surely say, “Forgetit; there isn't enough to go on.”3

William Fox, whose book The Bone Peddlers takespaleoanthropology as its subject matter, also says thatso-called human evolution is unsupported by anyscientific findings:

As we have seen, there are numerous scientists andpopularizes today who have the temerity to tell us that

HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa1166

This fossil tiger

skull shows that ti-

gers have been ex-

actly the same for

the last 80 million

years, without un-

dergoing any altera-

tions.

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 1177

there is “no doubt” how man originated. If only they had the evidence. . . . .4

Faced by the disappointment inflicted on them by the fossil record and their own lack ofevidence, evolutionists were reduced to setting skulls out one after the other, in a totally in-valid sequence, and to speculating about these fossils, whose fraudulent nature had in anycase long since been documented.

In fact, the analysis of skulls belonging to apes, other life forms, and to human races thatonce lived in the past shows that all of them possessed all their characteristics during thecourse of their existence, and that they never underwent any changes. Living things neverevolved, but were all created by Allah. As you shall see from the specimens included in thefollowing pages, just as numerous life forms such as frogs, lizards, dragonflies, flies andcockroaches have undergone no changes in their limbs and other organs, so have their headsundergone no changes. The head regions of birds and fish have also remained unchanged.

The skulls of countless mammals such as leopards, wolves, foxes, tigers, rhinoceroses, ti-gers, pandas, lions and hyenas have also stayed exactly the same over the millions of yearssince they were first created. This stability constitutes a definitive refutation of the idea thatliving things evolved.

The stability that all these life forms reveal also applies to human beings. In thesame way that the skull structures of tens of thousands of species have notchanged over millions of years, so there have been no alterations in thehuman skull. Fish have always existed as fish, birds as birds, rep-tiles as reptiles, and human s as human beings. There is noevidence of steady progress from the primitive tothe more advanced, of the kind claimed byevolutionists, in the organs or structuresof any living thing.

In relating the fictitious story of hu-man evolution, evolutionists point tothe volume, eyebrow protrusionsor brow structures of theskulls they find, and set uptheir own supposed evo-

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1188 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

lutionary sequence and family trees. But the structural differences in fossil skulls are no evi-dence of evolution: These skulls belong either to extinct species of apes, or else to various hu-man races that once existed. It is entirely logical that skulls belonging to different human ra-ces should display structural differences. Different species of fish have differently shapedheads. For example, the head shape of a trout bears no resemblance to that of an eel, althoughboth are fish. Similarly, there may be differences between the skulls of different human races.

It is perfectly natural that there should be differences in the eye sockets, forehead struc-tures, muscular structures and skull volumes between Pygmies and

British people, Russians and Chinese, Australian Aborigines andEskimos, Negroes and Japanese But these differences do notmean that one race is descended from another, or is more prim-itive or more advanced than another. An aboriginal race will al-ways maintain the same distinctive features for as long as itdoes not intermarry with members of another race. No matterhow much time passes, these human beings will never evolvein such a way as to acquire different characteristics. Their skullvolumes will not become any larger than they are now, andthey will not acquire different anatomi-

cal structures.For example, various

Malaysian native peoples livingtoday possess the same largemuscular protrusions and back-

ward-slanting brow structureas that of the skulls of Homo

erectus, which evolution-

Many species of ape have existed overthe course of geologic history, and thegreat majority of them have since be-come extinct. Darwinists use these ex-tinct apes’ skulls to engage in variouskinds of speculation.

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 1199

ists regard as being a primitive ancestor. If ev-olutionists’ claims were true, the Malaysiannatives in question should have a structureand appearance of humans who have recentlyevolved from being apes and have not yet de-veloped fully into Homo sapiens. Yet that isnot the case at all. The fact that anatomical fea-tures of the H. erectus skull can still be seen to-day shows that H. erectus was not a primitivespecies and also, that evolutionists’ scenario ofthe human family tree is a fiction.

In short, the fact that some past human ra-ces had anatomical structures different fromhuman beings alive today in no way consti-tutes evidence in favor of evolution.Anatomical distinctions can be seen in all peri-ods of recorded history and among all differ-ent human races. Americans and Japanese,Europeans and Australian Aborigines,Eskimos and Negroes or Pygmies all havedistinctively different skulls. But this doesnot mean that some of these races are anymore developed or more backward than theothers.

If, thousands of years in the future, scien-tists discover the skull of an American wholived in the 2000s and was some 1.90 meters

Features of the Homoerectus skull, such as

the protrusions over

the eyebrows and its

backward-sloping

brow, can also be seen

in certain present-day

races, such as the na-

tive Malaysian on the

left.

An aboriginal race will preserve its charac-

teristic unless it becomes intermixed with an-

other race. It will not, for example, develop

into a Western European race. No matter

how much time elapses, these people will

never evolve in such a way as to acquire dif-

ferent characteristics; will never acquire a

greater skull size than the one they have

now, and will never acquire new anatomical

features.

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

2200 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

tall, and compare it with the skull of a Japanese individual who also lived in the 2000s but was only1.60 meters tall, they will observe a great many differences between them—first and foremost, interms of size. If, on the basis of these differences, they then suggest, that the Japanese were primitiveand that Americans were several rungs higher up the developmental ladder, of course they will bemaking an interpretation that in no way reflects the true state of affairs.

In addition, skull volume is no criterion for measuring anyone’s intelligence or capacities. Thereare many humans with well-developed bodies but insufficiently developed intelligence. In the sameway, many people have bodies and therefore, skulls, smaller than those of others, but who are nev-ertheless highly intelligent. Their skulls cannot be evaluated by the scientists of the future, at leastnot in a scientifically valid way and on the basis of dimensions alone, to set out any supposed evo-lutionary line of progression—because that sequence will not reflect the true facts. Differences inskull size are known to be totally unrelated to intelligence and ability. If someone spends his life inintense mental activity, his skull will not grow in size. Only his mental abilities will get stronger..Intelligence varies, not in relation to skull size, but according to the organization within the brain it-self.5

The following pages offer just a few examples of the countless fossil skulls that invalidate the the-ory of evolution. These specimens all prove that no life form has ever changed during its natural his-tory; they have all existed with the same features they enjoyed when they were first created. In ad-dition to this evidence, this book also contains statements that indicate and emphasize the dilemmasfacing Darwinist thinking. For example, Darwinists, who illogically maintain that living things de-velop by constant change, are asked to account for the evident stability in every fossil life form. Thetheory of evolution, which suggests that human beings are allegedly descended from apes, has to ex-plain why no process, similar to the imaginary one it claims took place in apes, occurred in other lifeforms. Evolutionists have no answer as to why a bear did not one day decide to walk on two legs,why a fox did not raise its level of intelligence enough to become a professor, or why a panda neverbecame a composer writing stupendous symphonies. The rea-son why the subject is discussed using examples and logicalprogressions accessible even to children is that Darwinismis constructed upon unbelievable illogicality. Depicted as ascientific theory, Darwinism is in fact an unbelievably illogi-cal ideology.

People have now fully realized that Darwinism, the worstscandal in the history of the world, is built around lies, hoaxesand irrational claims. In the 21st century, the whole world iswitnessing Darwinism’s collapse.

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 2211

HUMAN RACES THAT ONCE EXISTED IN THE PAST ARE NO

EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION

The Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) suddenlyemerged in Europe around 100,000 years ago and

became extinct—or else became completely assimilat-ed by other races—some 35,000 years ago. The onlydifferences between them and present-day humans arethat their rather more powerful skeletons and theirslightly larger average skull sizes. Scientific findingsshow that the Neanderthals were a human race no dif-ferent, in terms of intelligence and cultural levels, fromourselves.Cro-Magnon man, on the other hand, is of a race esti-mated to have lived until 30,000 years ago. It had adome-shaped skull and a broad forehead. Its 1600-cu-bic centimeter skull volume is again, slightly greater thanthat of present-day humans. Cro-Magnon had thick pro-trusions over its eyebrows, and a bony protrusion on theback of the head that is a characteristic of Neanderthalman.The visible differences between the Neanderthals andCro-Magnons can also be seen among present-day hu-man races. In the same way that structural differencesbetween an Anglo-Saxon and an Eskimo or an Africanand a European do not suggest that one race is moredeveloped or backward than another, so physical differ-ences between races that existed in the past do not im-ply that one was more backward or “ape-like” than anyother. These races disappeared from the Earth by be-coming assimilated with other races or by becoming ex-tinct in some other way. But they were still fully fledgedhuman beings, not at all “primitive” or “ape-like.”

THE NEANDERTHAL: THE NEANDERTHAL: A HUMAN RACEA HUMAN RACE

This flute, made by

Neanderthal man,

shows that they used

the seven-note scale

that constitutes the ba-

sic form of Western

music.

This needle is an-

other proof that

Neanderthal man

was no different

from present-day

human beings.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

FFAALLSSEE IIMMAAGGEESS OOFF NNEEAANNDDEERRTTHHAALLSS PPRROODDUUCCEEDD BBYY EEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONNIISSTTSS IINN RREECCEENNTT YYEEAARRSS

11887733 11990099 11992299 11995522 11996622 11999999 22000066

Neanderthal footprints

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2222 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

THE MYTH OF HUMAN EVOLUTION ISFILLED WITH HOAXES

PPiillttddoowwnn MMaann:: A fossil skull was discovered in 1912 and de-scribed as belonging to a half-human, half-ape species. Forthe next 40 years or so, evolutionists used this fossil as one oftheir supposedly strongest pieces of evidence, making count-less analyses and illustrations of it in a statement issued on 21November 1953, however, Piltdown Man was finally declared

to be a hoax. A dating test performed 40 years afterits discovery revealed that the jawbone and the

skull did not actually belong to each other.More detailed examination revealed that the“Piltdown Man” skull had been assembled by

adding an orangutan jaw to a hu-man skull, which was then agedusing potassium dichromate. Theway that the skull had been dis-played in London’s NaturalHistory Museum for 40 years andthat no permission had been giv-en for detailed scientific studiesto be carried out during that timehas gone down as a major scien-tific scandal.

DECLASSIFIED

IN 1953

Java Man

Pekin Man

Piltdown Man

M ore than 6,000 species of ape have existed at one time or another. The great ma-jority of them have since become extinct and vanished, leaving only some 120 spe-

cies alive today. But the fossils belonging to these nearly 6,000 extinct species represent arich source of hoaxes for evolutionists. Unable to point to any concrete evidence, evolution-ists surround fossils of extinct apes with biased analyses and then present them as evi-dence for evolution.

For years now, evolutionists have been employing such methods in order to gather sup-porters and mislead the public. However, they now need to see that these methods are ofno use. The false evidence used by evolutionists to make their tall tales ofthe alleged human evolution seem more credible—and the debunk-ing of that evidence—are summarized below. However, thereare many more evolutionist hoaxes than the few consideredhere. All the “ancestor of man” reports in the media, aswell as the illustrations accompanying them are com-pletely fictitious. Concrete scientific discoverieshave now demolished the story that human beingsbecame human by means of a gradual course of de-velopment.

Fossils discovered on the islands ofJava in 1891 and 1892 were given thename Java Man (Pithecanthropus erec-tus). Fossils discovered near Pekin in1923-1927 were given the name PekinMan (Sinanthropus pekinensis). In1939, however, two experts, Ralph vonKoenigswald and Franz Weidenreich,revealed that both were actually normalhuman beings.(1) And Ernst Mayr fromHarvard University had classified bothas human in 1944.(2)

DECLASSIFIEDIN1939

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 2233

ALL THE SKULLTHOUGHT TO REPRE-SENT EVIDENCE FOR

EVOLUTION HAVEBEEN DECLASSIFIED!

These three completely different illustrations pro-duced for the Zinjanthropus fossil are examples ofhow evolutionists interpret fossils in a highly imagi-native manner.

ZZiinnjjaanntthhrrooppuuss:: A fossil discovered in 1959and declared to be the ancestor of man.However, subsequent investigations revealedthat Zinjanthropus was in fact an ordinaryape in all respects. Zinjanthropus, whose sci-entific name was twice revised, is regardedby contemporary evolutionists as an extinctlife form with nothing to do with human be-ings.(3)

NNeebbrraasskkaa MMaann:: A single tooth, discovered in 1922by Henry F. Osborn of the American Museum ofNatural History, was depicted as belonging to anintermediate life form between apes and humanbeings. However, in an article published inScience magazine in 1927, Osborn’s colleagueWilliam Gregory stated that the tooth actually be-longed to a wild boar—whereupon all evolutionistclaims regarding the fossil were quietly laid aside.The illustration to the side, produced on the basisof a single tooth by evolutionists of the time, waspublished in the press. This attempt by evolutionists to reconstruct a liv-ing thing on the basis of a single tooth is a strik-ing instance of how biased and misleading theycan be when it comes to defending and imposingtheir theories.

IImmaaggiinnaarryyIImmaaggiinnaarryy

RReeccoonnssttrruuccttiioonnRReeccoonnssttrruuccttiioonn

DECLASSIFIEDIN1927

DECLASSIFIED

IN1970

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

2244 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

NNeeaannddeerrtthhaall MMaann:: After the first speci-mens were discovered in the NeanderValley in 1856, evolutionists suggestedthat Neanderthals were primitive ape-men.Subsequent archaeological discoveries,however, revealed that there was no scientif-ic basis to that claim. Erik Trinkhaus, an expert onthe subject of the Neanderthals and also an evolutionist, has ad-mitted that, “Detailed comparisons of Neanderthal skeletal re-mains with those of modern humans have shown that there isnothing in Neanderthal anatomy that conclusively indicates loco-motor, manipulative, intellectual, or linguistic abilities inferior tothose of modern humans.”(4)

In addition, the size ofthe Neanderthal Manskull—200 cubic centime-ters greater than that ofpresent-day humans—re-veals the invalidity of theclaim that it was an inter-mediate form between hu-mans and apes.

A fossil belonging to the Neanderthal race

DECLASSIFIEDIN1978

The illustration above shows theHomo sapiens neanderthalensisAmud 1 skull discovered inIsrael. Its owner has been esti-mated to be 1.80 meters. tall,and its brain volume is thegreatest so far discovered: 1740cubic centimeters.

The Taungchild fossil

DECLASSIFIED

IN 1954

TThhee TTaauunngg CChhiilldd:: A fossil skull discovered by Raymond Dart in South Africa in 1924 was ini-

tially depicted as a supposed ancestor of man. However, contemporary evolutionists can no

longer maintain that it represents such an ancestor—because it subsequently transpired that

the skull belonged to a young gorilla! The famous anatomist Bernard Wood stated that this fos-

sil constitutes no evidence in favor of evolution in an article published in New Scientist maga-

zine. (5)

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 2255

RRaammaappiitthheeccuuss:: A partial jawbone, consist-

ing of two parts, was discovered by G.E.

Lewis in India in the 1930s. Based on these

two jaw bone fragments, claimed to be 14

million years old, evolutionists reconstructed

Ramapithecus’s family and supposed natural

habitat (at side). For fifty years, the fossil was

portrayed as an ancestor of Man but follow-

ing the results of a 1981 anatomical compar-

ison with a baboon skeleton, evolutionists

were forced to quietly set it aside.(9)

(1) B. Theunissen, Eugene Dubois and the Ape-Man from Java, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989, p. 39. (2) Garniss Curtis, CarlSwisher and Roger Lewin, Java Man, London: Abacus, , 2000, p. 87. (3) http://www.archaeologyinfo.com/australopithecusboi-sei.htm (4) Erik Trinkaus, “Hard Times Among the Neanderthals,” Natural History, Vol. 87, December 1978, p. 10. (5) BernardWood, “Who Are We?.” New Scientist, 26.10.2002, p. 44. (6) Solly Zuckerman, Beyond The Ivory Tower, New York: TaplingerPublications, 1970, pp. 75-94; Fred Spoor, Bernard Wood, Frans Zonneveld, “Implication of Early Hominid LabryntineMorphology for Evolution of Human Bipedal Locomotion,” Nature, Vol. 369, 23 June 1994, pp. 645-648. (7) Richmond, B.G. andStrait, D.S., “Evidence that humans evolved from a knuckle-walking ancestor.” Nature 404(6776): 382, 2000. (8) “Discoveryrocks human-origin theories,” Tim Friend, 21 March 2003: http://www.usatoday.com/news/ science/2001-03-21-skull.htm (9) Science Digest, April 1981.

LLuuccyy:: This fossil, discovered in Africa in 1974,

was widely esteemed by evolutionists and was

the subject of some of the most intensive spec-

ulation. Recently however, it has been revealed

that Lucy (A. afarensis) had an anatomy ideally

suited to climbing trees and was no different

from other apes we are familiar with.(6) The

French scientific journal Science et Vie covered

the story in 1999 under the headline “Adieu,

Lucy.” One study, performed in 2000, discov-

ered a locking system in Lucy’s forearms ena-

bling it to walk using the knuckles, in the same

way as modern-day chimps.(7)

In the face of all these findings, many evolution-

ist experts declared that Lucy could not have

been a forerunner of man.(8)

DECLASSIFIED

IN 1981

DECLASSIFIED

IN 1999

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2266 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

I f evolution truly did take

place, then the Earth’s

strata should be full of bil-

lions of intermediate-form fos-

sils. In addition, these millions of

living things should have been dis-

tinctly abnormal in appearance be-

cause of the effects of mutations. Organs

subjected to mutation many times over

should have turned into abnormal forms.

Before attaining their perfect and attractive present ap-

pearance, these living things must first have had abnormal transitional ap-

pearances. For example, before the emergence of the highly sym-

metrical human face with its two ears, two eyes, nose and

mouth, there must have been a great many abnormal mu-

tated faces with impaired symmetry, imperfect

ears and eyes, the nose sited right between the

eyes or on the chin, or where the ear should have

been, and countless other such abnormalities.

NNOOTT OONNEE OOFF TTHHEE IINNTTEERRMMEEDDIIAATTEE FFOORRMMSS WWIITTHHAABBNNOORRMMAALL SSTTRRUUCCTTUURREESS——WWHHIICCHH SSHHOOUULLDD HHAAVVEEEEXXIISSTTEEDD OOVVEERR MMIILLLLIIOONNSS OOFF YYEEAARRSS——HHAASS EEVVEERRBBEEEENN FFOOUUNNDD

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 2277

Were Darwinists’ claims true, then the remains of a

great many peculiar living things should be encoun-

tered in the fossil record, as shown in these illustra-

tions: a large number of eye sockets,

noses in different places, a jaw

in both in the front and the

back, an abnormally devel-

oped skull, etc. However,

research conducted over

the last 150 years has

produced absolutely no

such fossil remains. On

the contrary, all the

fossils unearthed so

far show that all liv-

ing things have been

flawless, exhibiting no

deficiencies since the

moment they were first

created, and have never

changed or developed new

features throughout the

course of their existence.

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2288 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

TTHHEE IINNVVAALLIIDDIITTYY OOFF TTHHEE EEQQUUIINNEEEEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONN SSEERRIIEESS SSCCEENNAARRIIOO

All the horse skulls so far unearthed have been flaw-

less and free from deficiencies, just like those of

present-day horses. None of them have any pathological

features such as semi-developed bones, teeth atop of

the skull, misplaced eyes in the jaw or asymmetrical three

nostrils. If—as evolutionists would have us believe—

horses attained their present forms by constantly chang-

ing and going through a great many different stages, then

a great many skulls should exhibit structural impair-

ments, as seen here.

Traces of the mutations

to which horses were

subjected should also

be visible in the fossil

record. Yet no such tra-

ces have ever been en-

countered. Fossils are

proof that horses never

evolved.

Horses have a wide capacity for variation

among themselves. Breeds of horse living

today, though all of the same species, are

very different in terms of their structures

and dimensions. The error of the evolu-

tionists who set up the so-called equine

evolution series lay in depicting fossils of

these different breeds as an evolutionary

sequence.

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 2299

Many evolutionists openly admit the invalidity of the

equine evolution scenario. A four-day conference at-

tended by 150 evolutionists held at the Chicago

Museum of Natural History in November 1981, consid-

ered the problems facing the gradual theory of evolu-

tion. At that conference, Boyce Rensberger stated that

there was no basis in the fossil record for the equine

evolution scenario and that no such process as grad-

ual equine evolution ever happened:

The popularly told example of horse evolution, sug-

gesting a gradual sequence of changes from four-toed

fox-sized creatures living nearly 50 million years ago

to today’s much larger one-toed horse, has long been

known to be wrong. Instead of gradual change, fossils

of each intermediate species appear fully distinct, per-

sist unchanged, and then become extinct. Transitional

forms are unknown. (Boyce Rensberger, Houston

Chronicle, 5 November, 1980, Part 4, p. 15.)

A great many different breeds of hors-

es are living in different parts of the

world today.

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There are countless scenarios concerning the myth of hu-

man evolution, none any scientific basis. All consist of

speculations invented to persuade people to view them-

selves as chance entities descended from apes. All the

fossils that Darwinists claimed as intermediate fossils in

the imaginary human evolution series were subsequent-

ly proven to belong either to various species of monkey

or else to human races. It is a scientific fact that monkeys

have always existed as monkeys and never developed

into any other life form. One of the proofs documenting

this is the 32-million-year-old monkey skull illustrated.

This fossil is identical to to the skulls of present-day

monkeys. There are no traces showing any changes in

the direction of Homo sapiens.

MONKEY SKULL

Age: 32 million years

Period: Oligocene

Location: Qing Dao, China

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 3333

No one lacking preconceived ideas, but who

thinks in a free and honest manner, can possibly

believe that unconscious atoms assembled them-

selves as the result of chance, organized them-

selves, and gave rise to human beings who think,

reason, feel see, hear, make discoveries and pro-

duce works of art. Yet Darwin’s theory of evolu-

tion imposes just that irrational assumption.

Countless discoveries made in tens of differentfields of science have shown that the supersti-tious beliefs of Darwinism can no longer bemaintained. One such piece of evidence is the4.9-million-year-old wolf skull shown here. Asthey are regarding all other living things,Darwinists are in a hopeless position in theface of this fossil, which proves that wolvesnever evolved.

Age: 4.9 million years

Period: Pliocene

Location: Gan Su, China

WOLF SKULL

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PANDA SKULL

Panda remains dating back 90 millionyears, 73 million years and this 40-mil-lion-year old skull shown here are allidentical to those of present-day pandas.Whichever panda remains we may ex-amine we still see no difference betweenthem and their present counterparts. Thefossil record contains no trace of pandas’imaginary forerunners. Darwinists’ spec-ulation on the subject of the supposedevolution of pandas and other livingthings is meaningless. The scientific evi-dence cannot be concealed with mythsand suppositions. The theory of evolu-tion is fated to be condemned as one ofthe 20th century’s worst deceptions.

Age: 40 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Si Chuan, China

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The theory of evolution, developed in the prim-itive scientific climate in Darwin’s time andmaintained in an environment of ignorancethrough such tactics as imagination, prejudice,sleight of hand and demagoguery, has now col-lapsed in the face of modern scientific discover-ies. The fossil record has shown that intermedi-ate forms exist only in evolutionists’ imagina-tions and that each species was individually cre-ated. One important example of this is a 4.6-mil-lion-year-old hyena skull. Living things ap-peared exactly the same millions of years in thepast as they do today.

Age: 4.6 million years

Period: Pliocene

Location: An Hui, China

HYENA SKULL

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Age: 4.3 million years

Period: Pliocene

Location: Ji Lin, China

HORSE SKULL

The history of paleontology is full of examples of fos-sils that invalidate evolution being hidden away inmuseum warehouses. Pictures of the first specimens ofCambrian Period fossils to be discovered were con-cealed for 70 years in the storerooms of theSmithsonian Institution because they represented ma-jor evidence that fundamentally refuted evolution.Given such an example, it was inevitable that the the-ory of evolution would attempt to conceal specimensof countless living fossils subsequently unearthed, andfor exactly the same reason. However, the situationwas by no means what Darwinists had been expecting.

Darwinists never imagined that so many specimens ofso-called “living fossils” would be discovered. Thenumber of fossil specimens unearthed in excavationscarried out to date is exceedingly high. One example isthis horse skull dating back 4.3 million years, which isidentical to the skull of present-day horses.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 3377

Snow leopards, with their magnificent ap-

pearance, elegant fur and extraordinary

equipment, were in existence as long as 67

million years ago. This 67-million-year-

old snow leopard skull, identical in all re-

spects to the skulls of snow leopards liv-

ing today, makes this crystal-clear.

Contrary to Darwinists’ expectations, this

animal which, according to the theory of

evolution, should have taken a very long

time to develop gradually actually ap-

pears suddenly and fully formed in the

fossil record with no intermediate form or

forerunners behind it. Evolutionists need

to account for this sudden and flawless

appearance in the fossil record; yet they

are silent and despairing, because they

know that these remains from the past are

actually evidence of Creation.

Age: 67 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Yun Nan, China

SNOW LEOPARD SKULL

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Age: 48 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Shan Dong, China

BEAR SKULL

The late evolutionist Stephen Jay Gould ad-mitted that fossils have never provided anysupport for the theory of evolution:

The extreme rarity of transitional forms in thefossil record persists as the trade secret of pa-leontology . . . We fancy ourselves as the on-ly true students of life’s history, yet to pre-serve our favored account of evolution bynatural selection we view our data as so badthat we never see the very process we professto study.6

As Gould admitted, there is no evidence thatany evolutionary process ever took place. Allscientific findings reveal that life is actuallythe work of Almighty Allah. One such find-ing is a 48-million-year old bear skull.

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AFRICAN LION SKULL

The record jumps, and all the evidence shows that therecord is real: the gaps we see reflect real events inlife's history-not the artifact of a poor fossilrecord.7—Evolutionist Niles Eldredge

What Eldredge means is that now we have a

sufficiently high number of fossil specimens

to let us see how natural history developed.

In terms of the supposed process of evolu-

tion, however, there are also huge gaps

between these specimens. The reason

for this is not any lack of fossilized

examples, but rather that these fos-

sils are incompatible with any ev-

olutionary scenario. The fossil

record documents that evolu-

tion never took place.

Age: 3.5 million years

Period: Pliocene

Location: Yun Nan, China

AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 3399

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GOLDEN MONKEY SKULL

As a basis for claiming that human beings are descend-ed from apes, Darwinists point to the imitativeability of certain species of monkey. Monkeysare able to mimic actions and behavior theysee, but this does not allow them to eventual-ly evolve into human beings. If it did, thenother species of animal also known to be in-telligent should also have become possessedof human attributes. Parrots, for example,are also able to mimic human speech.Therefore, according to Darwinists’nonsensical claims, there must be agreater likelihood of parrots develop-ing human speech.

Countless findings, such as the 36-mil-lion-year-old monkey skull illustratedhere, prove that living things have alwaysremained the same, have never changed,and never developed into any other lifeform—and that it’s meaningless to insist onsuch illogical claims.

Age: 36 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Si Chuan,

China

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 4411

Age: 53 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Gui Zho-u,

China

PONY SKULL

If evolutionist logic were correct, ponies should long since havedeveloped into larger horses. However, as the fossil recordmakes perfectly clear, ponies have survived for tens of millionsof years without undergoing even the slightest change.

This stability, or stasis, applies to all living species, and repre-sents one of the most serious problems confronting Darwinism,because it demolishes evolution’s fundamental claim, that all

living things are descended from a supposed commonancestor and have diversified by one species

evolving into others.

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Darwinists cannot account for the trilobite’s eye, which these crustaceans already possessed aslong as 530 million years ago. Darwinists cannot explain how living things in the sea, on landand in the air appeared suddenly and survived unchanged for the entire course of their exis-tence. Darwinists maintain that one species developed into another, but they cannot explainhow a single original cell could change in such a way as to assume different functions in a mul-ti-cellular creature. Darwinism is a theory at a dead end, and is gradually dying out as new dis-coveries are made with every passing day. The 3.1-million-year-old Caribbean monk seal skullshown here is one of the many proofs to accelerate this process of disappearance.

Age: 3.1 million years

Period: Pliocene

Location: Yun Nan, China

CARRIBEAN MONK SEAL SKULL

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GREY WOLF SKULL

As evidence for the so-called evolution of man, Darwinistspointed to a very limited number of fossils. Many years ago,

they interpreted them as their most important specimens ofintermediate forms. However, subsequent scientific

progress has shown that the fossils in question be-longed either to monkeys or else to hu-

man races that existed at some timein the past. For that reason, all theso-called evidence for human evolu-tion has gradually been removedfrom the scientific literature. The on-

ly reason why some Darwinist publi-cations still refer to these fossils is en-

tirely speculative—they are of no scien-tific value at all.

Another scientific finding that revealsthat the evolution of man is a lie and thathuman beings did not evolve from anyprevious life form is the countless num-bers of fossils unearthed. One such ex-ample is this 69-million-year-old greywolf skull, showing that this species ofanimal has never changed over thecourse of millions of years. This stasis,which applies to all living things, cer-

tainly applies to monkeys as well.

Age: 69 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Shan Dong, China

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4444 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

Age: 4.3 million years

Period: Pliocene

Location: Gan Su, China

RACCOON SKULL

Fossil specimens dating back millions of years, when compared with present-day life forms, reveal

that there was no transition in morphology and that evolution from one species to another never

happened. This fact applies equally to ants and butterflies, polar bears and lizards, and fruit flies

and zebras. Darwin’s theory of evolution is unsupported by any scientific findings whatsoever. No

evidence to support it has ever been produced since Darwin’s day. And with every passing day, the

fossil record makes that lack of evidence even more obvious. This 4.3-million-year-old raccoon skull

clearly shows that Darwin was completely wrong.

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 4455

Age: 3.4 million years

Period: Pliocene

Location: Quing Hai, China

ZEBRA SKULL

Allah has created the zebra with all its magnificentattributes, as He has all other living things. It is AllahWho created their distinguishing and highly attract-

ive stripes that set them apart from other four-footed species. This is the reality that

Darwinists are unable to understand, findit difficult to grasp and even, in the ma-

jority of cases, stubbornly refuse tosee. Paleontology reveals this reali-ty, however, through countless ex-

amples. The 3.4-million-year-oldzebra skull shown here refutesevolution and declares thatCreation is the truth.

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Darwinists have created a story to explain the sup-posed evolution of every single life form. SinceDarwinism is not based upon reason, logic or anyscientific evidence, producing a scenario regard-ing the development of a specific life form de-pends on the power of conjecture, Darwinists’most highly developed talent. But Darwinists nev-er expected that so many fossils would be discov-ered revealing that living never changed with thepassage of time. They imagined that “living fossils”were very few in number and could easily be ex-plained away, at least to their own minds. Theynever thought that such definitive proof wouldbe unearthed that all living things have re-mained exactly the same. Therefore, they neverexpected that one by one, all their tall taleswould be totally discredited. They were una-ware that every plot would eventually, as alaw of Allah, be neutralized.

Since this 4.4-million-year-old bear skull is iden-tical to the skulls of bears alive today, it constitutesa definitive refutation of the theory of evolution.

BEAR SKULL

Age: 4.4 million years

Period: Pliocene

Location: Zi Bo, China

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 4477

The fossil illustrated on this page constitutes yet another piece of evidence that de-molishes the equine evolution myth, which Darwinists are still employing today asone of their most important propagandatools. This 2.8-million-year-old horse’shead was identical to horses living in thepresent day, showing that the equine ev-olution sequences still displayed in natu-ral history museums today are false, andof no scientific value. Given this scientif-ic reality, it is pointless for Darwinists toplace representative illustrations in theirpublications, in an attempt to reinvigor-ate this fictitious scenario through theuse of reconstructions and displays offraudulent evolutionary series in naturalhistory museums. The theory of horseevolution has been totally and utterlydisproved.

Age: 2.8 million years

Period: Pliocene

Location: He Zheng, China

HORSE SKULL

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Age: 4.6 million years

Period: Pliocene

Location: Gan Su, China

PANDA SKULL

This fossil shows that pandas havealways existed as pandas, and alsototally refutes the idea of the evo-lution of living things. To date,they never have found one singlefossil indicating the supposed an-cestor of the panda or that indi-cates that pandas underwent vari-ous intermediate stages before at-taining their present-day form. Nomatter how old, every single pan-da fossil unearthed discovered hasexactly the same characteristics asthose possessed by present-daypandas. Darwinists are completelyhelpless in the face of this reality.

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 4499

Age: 48 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Gan Su, China

In 1993, Stephen Jay Gould wrote inthe magazine Natural History aboutthe way living species things can beobserved to have exactly the samecharacteristics throughout the fossilrecord:

Stasis, or nonchange of most fossil spe-cies during their lengthy geological life-spans, was tacitly acknowledged by allpaleontologists, but almost never stud-ied explicitly because prevailing theorytreated stasis as uninteresting nonevi-dence for nonevolution . . . [T]he over-whelming prevalence of stasis becamean embarrassing feature of the fossilrecord, but left ignored as a manifesta-tion of nothing (that is, nonevolution).8

The only reason why evolutionists referto the stasis in the fossil record as “em-barrassing” is that if living things expe-rience no changes, that invalidates thetheory of evolution. This information,which shows that evolution never hap-pened, is evidence for the fact ofCreation.

INDIAN CIVET CAT

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MALAYAN SUN BEAR

Age: 6.7 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: Shan Dong, China

In his book In Search of Deep Time, HenryGee states that no evidence in the fossil recordsupports the theory of evolution and that onthe contrary, evolutionists interpret the infor-mation available to them in a biased manner,in the light of their own preconceptions:

The reason for this lies with the fact of thescale of geological time that scientists are deal-ing with, which is so vast that it defies narra-tive.9

As Gee makes clear, the fossil record hasshown that Darwinism’s claims regarding lifeand the origin of life are totally unrealistic. Countless examples, such as the 6.7-million-year-old sunbear skull shown here, prove that Darwinism consists of a hypothesis bearing no relation whatsoev-er to the true facts.

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 5511

The 47-million-year-old Siberian wolf skull shownillustrated has been perfectly preserved for 47 mil-lion years, and its appearance is no different at allfrom that of present-day Siberian wolves. Such important indications in the fossil record entire-ly defeat all the various efforts to keep the theory of evolution alive over the last 150 years or so.All the fossils we have in our possession say the same thing; Animals have remained unchangedfor millions of years and look just like their present-day counterparts. In other words, they nev-er evolved.

Age: 47 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Shan Dong, China

SIBERIAN WOLF SKULL

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5522 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

Age: 32 million years

Period: Oligocene

Location: An Hui, China

The British paleontologist Derek W.Ager describes how the fossil recordposes a major difficulty for the theory ofevolution:

The point emerges that if we examinethe fossil record in detail, whether at thelevel of orders or of species, we find—over and over again—not gradualevolution, but the sudden explosionof one group at the expense of an-other.10

One fossil that proves that its spe-cies never passed through any in-termediate stages is the 32-million-year-old Tasmanian devil skull pic-tured here.

TASMANIAN DEVIL SKULL

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 5533

Evolutionists’ attempts to portray the wild don-key as the ancestor of the horse are totally hol-low. Fossils have proved that wild donkeyshave always existed as wild donkeys, and arenot descended from any other life form. Thefossil illustrated shows that wild donkeys liv-ing 27 million years ago were identical to thoseliving today—which effectively silences all evo-lutionist claims.

New species did not emerge as the result of mu-tations and blind coincidences. It is AlmightyAllah, Who possesses a sublime creative power,Who created them all.

Age: 29 million years

Period: Oligocene

Location: Yin Chuan, China

TIBETAN WILD DONKEY

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5544 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

Age: 7.3 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: An Hui, China

The fossil record poses a major problem for the theory

of evolution. From time to time, this fact is admitted by

evolutionists themselves, as in the words of the evolu-

tionist and paleontologist Mark Czarnecki:

A major problem in proving the theory [of evolution]

has been the fossil record; the imprints of vanished spe-

cies preserved in the Earth’s geological formations.

This record has never revealed traces of Darwin’s hy-

pothetical intermediate variants—instead, species ap-

pear and disappear abruptly, and this anomaly has fu-

eled the creationist argument that each species was cre-

ated by God.11

MANED WOLF SKULL

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 5555

Not one single fossil possessinghalf-ape and half-human char-

acteristics has ever beenfound. All the fossils por-trayed at one time or anoth-er as evidence for the sup-posed evolution of manhave later been exposed ashoaxes, and all have been

withdrawn by evolutioniststhemselves. All they have left

are scenarios based onDarwinists’ imaginations.

Concrete findings have proved that mon-keys have always existed as monkeys,while human beings have always beenhuman. One such finding is the 32-mil-

lion-year-old monkeyskull shown here.

Age: 32 million years

Period: Oligocene

Location: Qing Dao, China

MONKEY SKULL

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5566 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

Age: 33 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: Yun Nan, China

ASIAN WILD HORSE SKULL

Another serious blow to the scenario ofhorse evolution comes from the 33-mil-lion-year-old Asian wild horse shownhere. This creature has exactly the samecharacteristics as those of present-dayAsian horses, and nothing about it sug-gests that it developed from a primi-tive form to a more advanced one.All its exceedingly complex fea-tures are fully complete, and intheir modern-day places. Thesearch for an intermediatetransition 33 million yearsago has ended in disap-pointment for evolution-ists, producing only ex-amples of Asian wild hors-es with the same perfectanatomy as those living to-day.

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 5577

GRIZZLY BEAR SKULL

Over the last two years, various publications

have illustrated countless fossils that prove,

that living things did not evolve by chang-

ing from one form into another. As with the

53-million-year-old grizzly bear skull shown

here, these fossils are all identical to species

in existence today and have remained un-

changed over millions of years. No scientific

objection to this reality has been forthcom-

ing from Darwinists. They cannot offer any

logical explanation for even one single fossil.

The reason is because fossils dating back

millions of years represent ancient examples

of living things in existence today.

Age: 53 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Shan Dong,

China

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5588 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

Age: 32 million years

Period: Oligocene

Location: Dong Bei,

China

SNOW TIGER SKULL

Darwinism is not able to gloss over thescientific evidence that there is no suchthing as evolution. Cellular mutationshave no reason or consciousness; they areunable to see, hear, think or take precau-tionary measures; they have no artistic oraesthetic power. Such happenstanceevents cannot possibly give rise to livingthings that do take precautions, that ex-hibit artistry and beauty, and offer clearevidence that they were created with in-telligence and consciousness. Fossils dat-ing back millions of years have definitive-ly demolished this Darwinist deception.The life forms in the fossil record appearsuddenly, having been created. For exam-ple, this snow tiger skull dating back 32million years is no different from speci-mens alive today.

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AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 5599

That individual kinds of fossils remain recognizablythe same throughout the length of their occurrence inthe fossil record had been known to paleontologistslong before Darwin published his Origin. Darwinhimself . . . prophesied that future generations of pale-ontologists would fill in these gaps by diligent search .. . .One hundred and twenty years of paleontologicalresearch later, it has become abundantly clear that thefossil record will not confirm this part of Darwin’s pre-dictions. Nor is the problem a miserably poor record.The fossil record simply shows that this prediction iswrong.12

These words from the evolutionist paleontologist

Niles Eldredge help explain the 3.2-million-year

foal skull in the picture. This creature, which has

remained unchanged over millions of years, is a

manifestation of a truth that Darwinists have in

fact been aware of ever since Darwin’s lifetime.

Age: 3.2 million years

Period: Pliocene

Location: Yun Nan,

China

FOAL SKULL

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

6600 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

Age: 73 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Li Yi, China

TASMANIAN WOLF SKULL

The Tasmanian wolf became extinct in the mid-20th century, yet the fossil record contains repre-sentatives of the species that date back 73 mil-lion years. This Tasmanian wolf fossil, 73 mil-lion years old, possesses exactly the same fea-tures as the last Tasmanian wolves that scien-tists observed. This is striking evidence that thevarious supposed intermediate forms thatDarwinists have submitted as supporting theirtheories are in fact simply conjecture. Livingthings that have since become extinct, of whichno living specimens survive, are all fullyformed, complete and highly complex, as thefossil record demonstrates. This means that theevolutionist idea of “gradual development” ab-solutely does not reflect the true facts.

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 6611

Age: 45 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Meng Gu,

China

WILD HORSE SKULL

Evolutionists attempt to mislead people by tamp-ering with fossils belonging to various extinct lifeforms and coming up with deceptive scenarios.One of the best-known is the myth of the “evolu-tion” of the horse. Evolutionists set out fossils be-

longing to living things that existed at different times in India, South America, North America andEurope in order of size—from small to large—at the prompting of their own imaginations. In thisway, they came up with a totally unrealistic sequence. Different researchers have produced morethan 20 horse evolution sequences, all very different from one another, and there is no evolutionistconsensus regarding any of them.

Once again, the heaviest blow to evolutionists’ fictitious family trees came from the fossil record. Allthe horse fossils ever discovered have proved that horses have always existed as horses.

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

6622 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

Fossil skulls are among the best evidence thatliving things have never changed over thecourse of history, have never developedinto other life forms, and that everyliving species has been created to-gether with its own unique attrib-utes. These proofs emphasize thedilemmas facing and illogicality ofDarwinian thinking. The theory ofevolution, which maintains thathuman beings are descendedfrom apes, needs to explainwhy it is that no process simi-lar to the imaginary transitionfrom ape to human was everundergone by any other formof life. Evolutionists have noanswer to the question ofwhy, for example, a jungle catdid not one day decide towalk upright on two legs, orwhy a fox did not improve its in-telligence level and turn into aprofessor, or why a panda is una-ble to produce admirable works of art.Darwinism, depicted as a scientific theory, is in fact an un-believable ideology.

JUNGLE CAT SKULL

Age: 63 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Yun Nan, China

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 6633

Darwinists claim to speak in the name of sci-

ence, but actually violate it by denying the re-

ality revealed by fossils. The fossil record,

once the theory of evolution’s greatest hope,

actually shows that living things did not

evolve, but were in fact created. If Darwinists

act in the light of the conclusions that science

has revealed, then they must not ignore this

scientific reality. As this 48-million-year-old

jackal skull shows, jackals were the same mil-

lions of years in the past as they are today. It is

unscientific to suggest anything else. It means

persisting in a lie, believing in a hoax and a su-

perstition.

Age: 48 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Shan Dong, China

JACKAL SKULL

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

6644 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

WILD DOG SKULL

If evolutionists’ claims were true, then very odd-looking crea-tures bearing characteristics of both wild dogs and of other lifeforms must once have existed. These remains should be en-countered in the fossil record, and should be immedi-ately recognizable because they possess characteristicsbelonging to two different species, and would consti-tute an example of evolutionists’ imaginary descend-ant relationships. Yet not one single intermediateform fossil has ever appeared in geologic strataor appeared in evolutionist publications,even though the latter are full of innumer-able myths and imaginary scenarios.

No such fossil exists, and no such lifeform ever existed at any time.

Like the 68-million-year-old wilddog illustrated, all living thingshave come down to the pres-ent day in the same shapesin which they were firstcreated. Natural historydefinitively refutes theclaims of evolution.

Age: 68 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Gan Su, China

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 6655

These small horses, which still exist today,

were also living 48 million years ago.

Present-day horses and their subspecies

were in existence, with their perfect equip-

ment and appearances, at times that

Darwinists believe that the horse was be-

ginning to evolve. But Darwinists refuse to

see this and imagine that they can continue

to mislead the public by filling textbooks

and articles about evolution with diagrams

setting out the horse’s fictitious evolution.

However, the scientific evidence, shows

that, as with all other living things, the

horse never underwent any evolution at all.

Age: 48 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Xi An, Shan Xi,

China

PONY SKULL

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

6666 HHaarruunn YYaahhyyaa

This mammal that lived 57million years ago is identical tolynxes living today. Like hun-dreds of thousands of contem-porary species of which fossilremains also exist, it never un-derwent evolution at any time.From fossils such as these, it isnot difficult to estimate thekind of living conditions thatexisted millions of years ago.The Earth of millions of yearsago was not all that differentfrom the Earth of today. Apartfrom a few complex life formsthat have since become extinct,contemporary life forms withthe same appearances as theirsurvivors have today predom-inated. The fossil recordproves this, and Darwinistshave no response to give tothis proven fact.

Age: 57 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: Gan Su, China

LYNX SKULL

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

AAddnnaann OOkkttaarr 6677

Age: 3.9 million years

Period: Pliocene

Location: Gan Su, China

CAMEL SKULL

According to evolutionist claims, the camel’s

large skull, long neck and humps must be the re-

sult of a large sequence of mutations. As a result,

there should have been innumerable mammals

with semi-lengthened necks, odd-shaped heads

and incipient humps. These imaginary life forms

should be encountered frequently in the fossil

record, and there should be no trace of fully-

formed camels dating back millions of years, like

the one shown here. But data from the fossil

record show that such imaginary transitional

forms never existed. Camels never passed

through any intermediate stages, and have al-

ways existed as fully-formed camels.

Page 70: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Throughout the course of natural history,

human beings have always been human,

and apes have always been apes. Not one

single example of an intermediate form

indicating some transition between the

two has ever been found. This applies to

all living things as well. Just as with the

grizzly bear skull depicted here. This

creature had exactly the same appearance

when it was first created as it has today,

and did not evolve from any other life

form. This 89-million-year-old skull is

one of the most important proofs. At the

same time, this evidence constitutes a sig-

nificant response to all Darwinist claims

regarding the origin of Man.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

68 Harun Yahya

Age: 89 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Liaoning, China

GRIZZLY BEAR SKULL

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 69

Darwinists have always produced false evidence in

order to make their scenario of human evolution

seem more credible, at least in their own eyes. Just a

few examples include Piltdown Man, displayed for

40 years and then exposed as a hoax; Nebraska Man,

whose entire life was reconstructed on the basis of a

single molar tooth; Ramapithecus, portrayed as an in-

termediate form for 50 years; and Lucy, which is still

depicted as an intermediate form, even though the

invalidity of this idea has been clearly established

and admitted by scientists. Darwinists attempt to

trace the imaginary process known as human evolu-

tion from nothing. But all their efforts, all based on

falsehoods, have been in vain.

In contrast, paleontological research has revealed

fossils of species that have remained unchanged for

millions of years. This 78-million-year-old bear skull

is one example. Since living things have never

changed, and not even a shred of evidence supports

evolution, all speculation to the effect that human

beings also evolved remains groundless.

BEAR SKULL

Age: 78 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Gan Su, China

Page 72: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

HYENA SKULL

The history of evolution is filled with hoaxes.

Attempts have been made to portray fossils of

various extinct life forms or even a few frag-

ments of fossilized bone as evidence of imagi-

nary transitions. Fossils of living species have

long been described to the public by the evolu-

tionists as living things that have been evolving.

But a profound silence has now replaced all this

misleading speculation regarding fossils.

Eventually, as you can see from the 73-million-

year-old hyena skull shown here, it was realized

that many present-day life forms lived millions

of years ago in exactly the same forms they have

now and that therefore, they never evolved. The

time has now come for evolutionists to put an

end to their hoaxes and speculations about the

myth of human evolution.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

70 Harun Yahya

Age: 73 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Dai Lin, Yun

Nan, China

Page 73: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

This mammal has exactly the same char-

acteristics today as it had 82 million

years ago. Its dimensions, anatomical

features and physical properties are

identical to those of lions alive today.

This poses a major dilemma for the

claims made by Darwinists, because far

from revealing the transitional forms ex-

pected by Darwinists, the fossil record

gives up countless species that never

changed at all.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 71

LION SKULL

Age: 82 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Wu Long

Mountain, Nan Yang,

He Nan, China

Details of this fossil’s

teeth are shown in the

smaller pictures. These

82-million-year-old re-

mains are proofs that

evolution never hap-

pened.

Page 74: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

TURTLE

Darwinists, who maintain that living species are de-

scended from another and develop by constant small

changes, are at a loss to explain the stasis, or total sta-

bility, observed within those same species. The theory

of evolution, which maintains that human beings are

descended from apes, must explain why no other life

forms underwent the imaginary transition similar to

the one from ape to human. Evolutionists have no ra-

tional and logical answer to give. Birds never

changed. Rhinoceroses, foxes and hyenas never

changed; and neither did the 98-million-year turtle

shown here.

Neither did human beings. The idea that Darwinists

seek to impose on the public—that living things make

progress by small changes and eventually develop in-

to other life forms entirely—is a massive lie.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

72 Harun Yahya

Age: 98 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Shan Li

Mountain, China

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 73

Page 76: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

ASIAN LION SKULL

No living thing ever decided on its own that

its characteristics were insufficient or needed

to be improved, and therefore assumed the at-

tributes of some other life form. No bear ever

decided one day to walk on two legs, and no

lion ever one day began speaking words.

Lions, tigers and giraffes have always been

exactly the same, never altering in the slight-

est. This 79-million-year-old Asian lion

skull—identical to those of members of the

species alive today—is evidence that these an-

imals never evolved. Almighty Allah has cre-

ated all living things out of nothing, and in

their perfect forms. The hopeless position in

which Darwinists now find themselves stems

from their reluctance to see this.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

74 Harun Yahya

Age: 79 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Fu Yang,

China

Page 77: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

DONKEY SKULL

At heart, Darwinism is built on false logic. Great numbers of people

have been convinced that the cell developed spontaneously out of mud-

dy water, that hundreds of thousands of species descended from one an-

other through random changes by way of mutations—and that interme-

diate forms, the evidence left over from these changes, will inevitably be

discovered one day. According to Darwinist logic, all living species and

even our own civilization are the results of a certain amount of mud, a

great deal of time and blind chance. However, the cell cannot be pro-

duced even under technological conditions in a controlled environment

such as the laboratory. Ninety-nine percent of mutations are harmful,

the remaining 1% having no effect at all. And the mechanism known as

natural selection has no power to effect evolution.

Not one single example of a transitional form has ever been found in the

fossil record. All that has been excavated is the remains of living things

that remained unchanged for millions of years. The 59-million-year-old

donkey skull shown here, identical to the skulls of present-day donkeys,

is one of these.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 75

Age: 59 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: An Tu, Ka

Shi, Xin Jiang, China

Page 78: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

LYNX SKULL

The universe created by Allah contains

flawless marvels of Creation. Every mani-

festation of beauty created in the universe

is also a manifestation of His omniscience

and sublime artistry. It is Allah Who cre-

ates from nothing, and there are no bounds

to His Creation.

Darwinism tries to make people forget that

we inhabit a universe filled with perfect

details. In fact, however, anyone looking at

all the innumerable living things and see-

ing how these, have all lived in exactly the

same form for millions of years—as this 65

million year-old lynx skull demonstrates—

will be freed from this indoctrination and

come to the conclusion we inhabit a world

of true marvels. All entities are the work of

Almighty Allah.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

76 Harun Yahya

Age: 65 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: Ma Ling

Mountain, China

All the importantdetails, includingthe teeth, of thisanimal can be seenin this 65-million-year-old skull.

Page 79: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

ARCTIC FOX SKULL

This skull of an arctic fox, a member of the canine family, dates back some 59 million years. This animal has

exactly same features as contemporary arctic foxes. This animal has never changed at all over the course of

millions of years. In order for Darwinist claims to be regarded as true, the arctic fox would have to evolve

through countless intermediate stages before it emerged with its flawless, fully formed characteristics.

Also, the remains of these innumerable stages should be visible in the fossil record. Yet not only are there

no intermediate-form arctic fox fossils, there are no intermediate fossils belonging to any living thing. This

59-million-year-old arctic fox is a proof that the species did not come into being in stages, as evolutionists

maintain, but that it came into existence suddenly, together with all its characteristics. In short, the artic fox

was created.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 77

Age: 59 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: He Zheng,

Gan Su, China

Page 80: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

JACKAL SKULL

No fossil indicating that life forms share common ances-

tors has ever been found. In the fossil record, there is no

sign that living things are in a constant state of change.

Then why are Darwinists so determined to cling to

their theory? Why do they insist of defending the

idea that living things evolved, when there is so

much evidence that they were in fact created by

Allah? The reason is ideological. Defending the

theory of evolution is of vital importance for

materialist and atheist ideologies.

No matter how much Darwinists per-

sist in the theory of evolution, the fos-

sil record constantly produces still

more evidence that totally discred-

its it. The 51-million-year jackal

skull pictured is one such exam-

ple. The fossil reveals that, just

like turtles, tigers, foxes, mink, li-

ons, rhinoceroses and all other

living things, jackals never un-

derwent evolution at any time.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

78 Harun Yahya

Age: 51 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: Gao Xiong,

Taiwan

Page 81: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

When a living thing first appears in the fossil record, it then continues on in the same form for the

millions of years that follow. All the fossils illustrated in this book, such as this 65-million-year-old

coyote skull, are just a few examples. Like all other life forms, coyotes of 65 million years ago pos-

sessed the same appearance and structures as they do today. This totally demolishes the whole con-

cept of evolution.

This state of affairs, which applies

to all living things, inevitably ap-

plies to human beings as well.

Humans have always existed as

human beings, ever since the mo-

ment they were first created, and

have never undergone the slight-

est change. Given that so many

life forms clearly refute all claims

of evolution, there can be no sci-

entific foundation to the scenarios

concerning human evolution

dreamed up by Darwinists.

COYOTE SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 79

Age: 65 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Qing Hai, China

The teeth of the fossil illustrated can beseen in full detail, offering significantproof that coyotes living 65 million yearsago were identical to those alive today.

Page 82: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

SEAL SKULL

Seals are mammals with large eye sockets and special nasal systems. Seeing how these creatures

were identical 48 million years ago to specimens living today and how they have remained un-

changed over the course of millions of years is major evidence revealing the fact of Creation.

Indeed, when fossils of this life form are examined in detail, you can see that the same kinds of

seals in existence today were also alive some 48 million years ago and living in the oceans at that

time. This and countless other pieces of similar evidence all document how the theory of evolu-

tion needs to be consigned to the dusty shelves of history.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

80 Harun Yahya

Age: 48 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Guang Xi,

China

Page 83: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Darwinists’ ruses and the techniques they use to

mislead people are now totally futile. Faced with

atlases that make the fact of Creation crystal-

clear—and countless fossils that

demonstrate how living things have

never changed in the slightest—

Darwinists have seen that all life

forms were created out of nothing.

Their ruses have been exposed and

effectively neutralized.

By itself, this 73-million-year-old

leopard skull is sufficient evidence

to show that all tales regarding the

changes supposedly undergone by

life forms are totally invalid. They

show that leopards living 73 million

years ago had exactly the same

characteristics as leopards living to-

day.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 81

LEOPARD SKULL

Age: 73 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Qi Pan, Yun

Nan, China

The jaw structure andteeth of this fossil canbe seen in great detail.

Page 84: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Coincidence is Darwinists’ false deity.

Darwinists believe that blind coincidence

can bestow life on inanimate substances,

and can cause one life form to develop in-

to another. This superstitious belief was

depicted as the truth for 150 years and

was described exactly as if it were a reli-

gion. But the time has now come for su-

perstition to be eradicated. Countless fos-

sils prove that life forms were brought in-

to being out of nothing and never under-

went evolution in any form. The theory of

evolution has been left with no room to

maneuver.

The wildcat fossil shown is just one of the

innumerable proofs created by Allah. This

80-million-year-old fossil declares that

species have remained unchanged for

millions of years—for which reason all

Darwinist claims are in fact fabrications.

WILDCAT SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

82 Harun Yahya

Age: 80 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Qing Dao,

Shan Dong, China

There is no difference be-tween the tooth structures ofwildcats living 80 millionyears in the past and thoseliving today.

Page 85: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

RED WOLF SKULL

A 51-million-year-old red wolf skull exactly reflects the characteristics and details of

this living species. Had no such fossil specimen ever appeared, no doubt Darwinists

would have continued to produce innumerable scenarios regarding the supposed ev-

olution of red wolves. They would have proposed countless transitional forms and re-

lated countless speculations. But this fossil specimen leaves no room for Darwinist

fairy tales. This also applies to all other living things, and

also to human beings. Every scenario ever dreamed up by

Darwinists has been based on a lie.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 83

Age: 51 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Gao Xiong,

China

Like all their other physical characteristics,red wolves’ teeth and jaws have undergonenot the slightest structural change over mil-lions of years.

Page 86: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

According to Darwinists, because this fossil dates back 82

million years, it should display a great many deficiencies

and semi-developed organs. There should have been a

great many pathologies in its eye sockets, jaw structure and

ears. But the true state of affairs is very different. The lion

skull illustrated, millions of years old, has been perfectly

preserved, and its details show that the animal’s perfect ap-

pearance is identical to that of lions today.

The only reason for Darwinists’ claims regarding the sup-

posed evolution of Man is that they possess a large number

of ape fossils which they can use to speculate. Yet the con-

clusion shown by the fossil record is a scientific one that no-

body can possibly deny: that life never evolved in any way,

and that no intermediate forms ever arose. Science totally

refutes the theory of evolution.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

84 Harun Yahya

LION SKULL

Age: 82 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: He Zheng,

Gan Su, China

The fossil’s teethhave been preserved,right down to thefinest detail, for mil-lions of years.

Page 87: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Just like an 82-million-year-old lion skull, a

51-million-year-old red wolf skull, a 78-mil-

lion-year-old spotted deer skull, a 90-million-

year-old hyena skull and many other similar

fossils, the 74-million-year brown bear skull

pictured has a perfect appearance in terms of

shape and detail. If Darwinists were correct,

then these fossils dating back millions of years

should be semi-developed, with their jaws

and eye sockets misaligned. Their noses

should not yet have formed fully, and there

should be profound defects in the skull inside

which the brain is located. Yet these fossils all

possess perfect structures and, moreover,

anatomies identical to those of their present-

day counterparts.

In fact, just a single piece of evidence, even

this 74-million-year-old brown bear skull, is

sufficient to demolish the theory of evolution.

BROWN BEAR SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 85

Age: 74 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Liao Yang,

Liaoning, China

Page 88: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

ASIAN BLACK BEAR SKULL

All the reports from Darwinists carried under

such headlines as “Missing Link Discovered!,”

or “Evolution Is Still Continuing.” or “The

First Ancestor of Man” are in fact completely

imaginary. The theory of evolution, which

Darwinists depict as literally irrefutable fact, is

totally refuted by science. Evolutionists are al-

ways claiming that a non-existent missing link

has been found, though they have not one

shred of evidence to confirm those claims.

The evidence constantly refutes the idea of ev-

olution. This 74-million-year-old Asian black

bear skull is identical to skulls of the same spe-

cies alive today. In the face of these significant

facts, evolutionist speculation is meaningless

and scientifically worthless.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

86 Harun Yahya

Age: 74 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Xin Jiang,

China

Page 89: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

The fossil record has produced a great deal of information to which Darwinists have no scientific or

rational response:

- As is the case with all life forms, there is not a single intermediate-form fossil to show that the arc-

tic fox, developed or evolved in stages, before reaching its final present-day form.

- Arctic foxes living millions of years ago possessed the same complete and perfect structures as their

present-day counterparts. They had no supposedly more primitive appearances or structures.

- There is not the slightest difference between arctic foxes living today and those that lived 59 million

years ago. This shows that this species has remained unchanged for all that time.

All these facts lead Darwinists into a major quandary. The very fossils they hoped would support ev-

olution actually discredit their theories and reveal that the origin of all living things lies in Creation.

ARCTIC FOX SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 87

Age: 59 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: He Zheng,

Gan Su, China

Page 90: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

SPOTTED SEAL SKULL

The ginkgo leaf fossil discovered by Darwin

in 1859, the earliest specimens of which date

back some 250 million years, caused a terrible

panic in him. Darwin described this finding of

his as a “living fossil” and regarded it as a ma-

jor difficulty for his theory. If Darwin were

alive today, he would completely abandon his

theory in the face of the scale of the difficulties

facing it. Faced with the lack of any fossils to

support his theory during his lifetime, Darwin

left the problem to the future, hoping that in-

termediate forms would one day be discov-

ered.

Yet Darwin’s followers also failed to find what

he had hoped for. As you can see from the 84-

million-year-old spotted seal skull fossil pic-

tured, fossil specimens dating back millions of

years of species still in existence today are

emerging all the time. The fossil record re-

veals that Darwin was mistaken and that

Creation is an irrefutable reality.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

88 Harun Yahya

Age: 84 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Xi Ma La Ya

Mountain, China

Page 91: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

The theory of evolution—about which

countless false pieces of evidence have been

produced and which has been kept alive by

the invention of totally incredible scenari-

os—has now come to the end of its life.

People are realizing that they have faced a

terrible deception. From now on, no scenar-

io invented by Darwinists will have any ef-

fect, and their theory’s collapse will continue

apace, because scientific findings totally re-

fute evolution.

This 78-million-year-old grey fox skull is just

one of the proofs that are accelerating this

collapse. Darwinism has been completely

discredited in the face of living fossils.

GREY FOX SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 89

Age: 78 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Lan Zhou, Gan

Su, China

Page 92: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

RED FOX SKULL

Darwinists regard as a miracle of blind

chance the fact that a living chromosome

contains more information than a giant li-

brary. Darwinism maintains that uncon-

scious atoms turned into seeing, hearing,

feeling, thinking and conscious human be-

ings as the result of the supposed almighty

power of chance. Chance, a supposed work-

er of miracles, is the false deity of

Darwinism. But Darwinism’s dark spell

was broken by the scientific evidence.

Remains of life forms dating back millions

of years clearly indicate that living things

have never changed. The red fox skull

shown here, for example, is identical to the

skulls of foxes alive today. All Darwinists’

false conjectures are of no avail in the face of

this fossil which demonstrates that red fox-

es have never altered over the intervening

millions of years—and clearly, never

evolved.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

90 Harun Yahya

Age: 67 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: He Nan,

China

Page 93: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

JACKAL SKULL

Darwin was unaware of living fossils dating back

millions of years. He imagined that the cell was a

balloon filled with liquid. In Darwin’s time, there

were no laboratories equipped with advanced

technology. There were no refrigerators, tele-

phones, typewriters or even pens, let alone labo-

ratories. The theory of evolution—the product of

that environment—is a hypothesis devoid of any

evidence, logic or foundation. This false theory,

launched in such an amateurish fashion, was

adopted for ideological reasons.

Yet conditions altered considerably in the 20th and

21st centuries. Investigations performed in labora-

tories using the very latest technology revealed

that the cell has an unbelievably complex struc-

ture. The odds of one single protein in a cell

emerging by chance were realized to be 1 in 10950.

Most importantly, the countless “living fossils”

discovered showed that Darwinist myths regard-

ing the origin of life were completely untrue.

One of the fossils that have spelled the end of

Darwinism is the 51-million-year-old jackal skull

pictured here. This specimen, 51 million years

old, is identical to present-day jackal skulls.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 91

Age: 51 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Gao Xiong,

Taiwan

Page 94: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

BROWN BEAR SKULL

Statements by George Gaylord Simpson, one of

the 20th century’s leading evolutionists, show just

howgreat the predicament facing the theory of ev-

olution truly is:

This is true of all thirty-two orders of mammals . . . The

earliest and [allegedly ]most primitive known members

of every order [of mammals] already have the basic or-

dinal characters, and in no case is an approximately

continuous sequence from one order to another known.

In most cases, the break is so sharp and the gap so large

that the origin of the order is speculative and much dis-

puted. . . .13

As evolutionists admit, Darwinism’s claims re-

garding the origin of life is no more than specula-

tion. Concrete findings such as the 74-million-year

brown bear skull illustrated show that Creation is

a manifest reality.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

92 Harun Yahya

Age: 74 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Liao Yang,

Liaoning, China

Page 95: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 93

During the formation of fossils, hard struc-tures such as bones and teeth are preservedmore easily than soft tissues. While soft tis-sues disappear, bony structures graduallyturn into inorganic ones. Minerals in bonetissue often have much the same structure asthe inorganic minerals in rocks. This replace-ment of molecules enables living things thatexisted tens of millions of years ago to bepreserved right down to the finest detail. Thestructural detail of the teeth and internalstructure of the bone tissue of the 74-million-year-old brown bear pictured can clearly beseen. Living things that existed millions ofyears ago had exactly the same bone tissueand perfect anatomy as their present-daycounterparts.

Page 96: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

WOLF SKULL

If a mindset can maintain that a living

cell with such a complex structure—

which scientists have still been unable to

replicate—gradually emerged by chance

from muddy water over a period of mil-

lions of years, it’s not at all difficult to al-

so claim that human beings that estab-

lish civilizations, govern states, perform

operations and give birth to ideas are al-

so the product of chance.

The Darwinist mindset is actually a very

primitive one, within which it is easy to

regard the impossible as likely. Behaving

as if there were evidence when in fact

there is none presents no problem. What

is difficult in that mindset is to find the

reason and understanding needed to ap-

preciate Allah’s creative artistry, no mat-

ter how evident it may be. However, it is

easy for people who have escaped this

primitive logic to see the manifest proofs

of the existence of Allah. The 75-million-

year wolf skull pictured is one of these

proofs.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

94 Harun Yahya

Age: 75 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Xin Jiang,

China

Detailed appearanceof the fossil teeth

Page 97: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Being aware that black bears identical to those to-

day were also living 83 million years ago is enough

to understand the invalidity of evolution. The pres-

ence of giant mammals with extraordinarily com-

plex structures at a time when, according to evolu-

tion, everything was in a highly primitive state and

the world was full of semi-developed life forms, is

sufficient evidence to show that the theory of

Darwinism is obsolete. Even though such proof is

perfectly adequate by itself, a wide range of “living

fossils” identical to species living today have been

discovered. The fossil record, itself the greatest hope

of Darwin and all other evolutionists, has led to

Darwinism’s fatal collapse.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 95

Age: 83 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Ning Xia,

China

The details in the fossil’s jaw structureare some of the proofs that black bearshave remained unchanged over tens ofmillions of years.

BLACK BEAR SKULL

Page 98: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

This 82-million-year-old striped jackal skull is

just one of the remains of creatures that have

survived unchanged down to the present, show-

ing that creatures identical to their present-day

counterparts inhabited the Earth 82 million

years ago. This and countless other examples tell

us that when the skulls of jackals, monkeys, oth-

er living things and even human races that exist-

ed at various times in the past are examined, it

appears that not one has ever changed. Not a

single intermediate form exists to suggest that

any one of these has ever altered. This means

that living things never evolved, and that

Almighty Allah created each and every one.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

96 Harun Yahya

Age: 82 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Xi Jiang, China

STRIPED JACKAL SKULL

Details such as the fossil’s den-tal structure reveal that thecreature was no different 82million years ago from how it istoday.

Page 99: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

WILD DOG SKULL

Darwin, once said “I cannot conceive any ex-isting reptile being converted into a mam-mal.”14 He was unable to imagine such a

process because no such thing ever hap-

pened. But nevertheless, in the years that

followed, this illogical claim was fiercely

propounded, despite the absence of any

scientific justification. Today, however,

countless fossils such as the 50-million-

year wild dog skull shown here have

proved that this Darwinist conjecture nev-

er actually took place.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 97

Age: 50 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Britain

Page 100: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

BEAR SKULL

The bear skull pictured is 63 million

years old and proves that throughout the

course of geologic time, bears have al-

ways existed as bears. They are not de-

scended from any imaginary ancestor,

and neither did they develop into any

other life form. Inasmuch as all living

things continued to existence with all the

characteristics they originally possessed,

it is illogical to claim that apes one day

turned into human beings. The stability

that applies to all other life forms also

applies to apes and humans. Apes have

always existed as apes, and human be-

ings as human beings.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

98 Harun Yahya

Age: 63 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: Liaoning, China

Page 101: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

If Darwinism were true, then the fossil record

should contain transitional species in the process

of development, rather than fossils millions of

years old that are identical to present-day life

forms. But that is not the case; the actual findings

are incompatible with Darwinist myths.

The American paleontologist S.M. Stanley de-

scribes this reality when he says, “The known fos-sil record is not, and never has been, in accord withgradualism.”15

The fossil record is full of millions of species that

have never altered at all, as you can see from the

49-million-year-old aardwolf skull pictured.

AARDWOLF SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 99

Age: 49 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Xi An, Shan

Xi, China

The internal structure ofthe fossil’s bones hasbeen preserved in com-plete detail.

Page 102: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Bat-eared foxes are distinguished from other

species of foxes by their large ears and small-

er teeth. This 71-million-year-old bat-eared

fox skull has just the same features as those

of specimens alive today. Darwinism there-

fore has no explanation to offer for either in-

dividual species or their tremendous variety.

Different fox species have existed in the fos-

sil record for millions of years. This is true of

a great many other life forms, and there is

not a single intermediate form to indicate the

imaginary transition from one form to an-

other. All this evidence leaves no room for

doubting Darwinism’s collapse and reveals

that living things were all created, together

with all their complex characteristics.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

100 Harun Yahya

Age: 71 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Yun Nan,

China

BAT-EARED FOX SKULL

Page 103: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

In any case, argued Cuvier, drawing on specimens brought back by Napoleon’s savantsfrom the ...French incursions into Egypt, themummified forms of cats and birds and other or-ganisms—beings that lived literally thousandsof years ago—are absolutely identical forms liv-ing today. Where then is the evolution, thechange, in all of this? If Lamarck be right, weshould expect to see some change right beforeour eyes, and this we do not see.16

This admission by Michael Ruse emphasizes

how living things have been known not to

change ever since the idea of evolution be-

gan. The reality exhibited by the 64-million-

year-old bear skull illustrated is that the

species has never changed at any time.

BEAR SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 101

Age: 64 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: Xin Jiang and

Ning Xia, China

Page 104: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

AARDWOLF SKULL

Life on Earth displays a glorious diversity.

From the Poles to the Amazon, from the

depths of the oceans to freshwater pools,

from high mountains to beneath the ground

we walk upon, there is an astonishing diver-

sity everywhere. This diversity was present

millions of years ago, just as it is today. The

fossil record represents the remains of that

variety.

The countless fossils of fish, birds, reptiles

and land and sea creatures with their perfect

attributes have exactly the same forms as

their present-day counterparts. Fossils such

as the 49-million-year aardwolf fossil pic-

tured are evidence that no species ever

turned into any other. The reality they dem-

onstrate is Creation.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

102 Harun Yahya

Age: 48 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Shan Dong,

China

Page 105: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

LION SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 103

Age: 82 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: He Zheng,

Gan Su, China

Darwinists have studied nature and attempted to

discover how such diversity came into being. They

adopted the primitive methods proposed by

Darwin himself and decided that living things must

have had a supposed common ancestor. The more

they studied the fossil record, however, the more

they encountered the counterparts of today’s living

things rather than any signs of any fictitious ances-

tor. Any rational and logical person who examines

at the scientific evidence objectively can easily see

that evolution does not constitute the origin of life.

But reason, logic, common sense and science were

all stifled under the spell of Darwinism.

But for those people who have managed to free

themselves from Darwinism’s spell, the 82-million-

year lion skull pictured is by itself sufficient evi-

dence of the invalidity of Darwinism. If this life

form has remained unchanged for 82 million

years—and if all the fossils of all other currently liv-

ing things confirm the same—then that means that

evolution never happened.

Page 106: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Hoimar von Ditfurth, author of The Silent Night ofthe Dinosaurs, says,

When we look back, we see that we need not be surprisedthat we have been unable to find those transitional formsso almost painfully sought. Because in all likelihood, nosuch intermediate stage ever happened.17

Even though von Ditfurth has tried to rescue evo-

lutionists from their predicament by referring to a

“strong possibility,” the fact still remains that no

stage-by-stage process ever happened. All stages of

the fossil record is full of living things that

emerged suddenly, fully formed, and with all their

limbs and organs, as opposed to entities that came

into being through a gradual process. One such ex-

ample is the 31-million-year Tasmanian devil skull

illustrated here.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

104 Harun Yahya

Age: 31 million years

Period: Oligocene

Location: Jiang Xi,

China

TASMANIAN DEVIL SKULL

Page 107: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

The fossil record has revealed that Darwin’s

claims are incompatible with the facts. The ev-

olutionist speculation that is still continuing

today stems from an inability to accept this er-

ror of Darwin’s. The 59-million-year-old wea-

sel skull pictured once again proves that this

species has never changed. Every fossil exam-

ined in this book demolished Darwin’s myth

of transition from one form to another. It’s

now time for contemporary evolutionists to

come to terms with Darwin’s mistake and to

admit the scientific facts.

WEASEL SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 105

Age: 59 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: Jiang Xi,

China

All the details of this fossil show thatweasels living tens of millions of yearsago had the same flawless and prefectattributes as those living today.

Page 108: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Tigers have never changed over the many

millions of years their species has existed;

neither have lions, bears, foxes or jackals.

The 58-million-year-old wild boar, whose

skull is pictured, has not altered, either.

Fossils such as these, belonging to count-

less life forms, show that living things have

never been subjected to the slightest

change. This in turn entirely discredits ev-

olutionist speculation regarding the ficti-

tious evolution of man. There is no evi-

dence that living things evolved, and not

humans, either. On the contrary, the fossils

left behind by all living things completely

refute evolution. Evolution never hap-

pened, and each of the fossils illustrated in

this book is a separate proof of that.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

106 Harun Yahya

Age: 58 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: Shan Dong, China

BOAR SKULL

Page 109: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Darwinists were their able to gather their original supporters by using a very primitive logic. In a

climate of scientific ignorance, it was easy to convince the public that proteins and eventually, cells

could form spontaneously from muddy water that mammals hunting in water eventually devel-

oped fins and turned into dolphins and that monkeys decided to stop leaping from tree to tree and

instead to walk upright, and thus evolved into

human beings.

The sciences of genetics and paleontology were

unknown, so all these imaginary transitions were

depicted as incontrovertible fact. But now

Darwinists are in a far more difficult position.

The science of genetics has revealed the complex

structure of the cell and how traits are passed on

from generation to generation. Paleontology has

shown that living things have never changed.

Countless specimens, such as the 58-million-year-

old wild boar skull shown here indicate that liv-

ing things exhibited the same complexity mil-

lions of years ago as present-day specimens. It is

no longer possible for Darwinists to deceive the

public.

BOAR SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 107

Age: 58 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: Shan Dong, China

Page 110: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Allah has created all living things with their

different appearances and forms. In the same

way that their lifestyles and needs differ, so

there are profound differences in their body

structures. This means it is not difficult to de-

scribe the fossils that are unearthed, making it

possible to establish the anatomical features of

a living thing whose fossil remains have been

discovered. The 45-million-year-old zebra fos-

sil illustrated makes this distinction. It’s evi-

dent that there is no difference between the

fossil’s characteristics and those of a present-

day zebra’s skull.

There is no doubt that this is one of Allah’s di-

vine miracles. The scientific evidence to hand

is too definitive for scientists to be able to de-

ny, even if they are evolutionists. It’s a scientif-

ic fact that species have not changed, and they

have undergone no evolutionary process.

ZEBRA SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

108 Harun Yahya

Age: 45 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Xi An, China

Page 111: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

On the basis of some elements of ape behavior,

Darwinists maintain that monkeys and human

beings are both descended from a common an-

cestor. They claim that monkeys one day de-

cided to descend from the trees, to walk up-

right, to speak, sing, and compose music, to

construct buildings and to make scientific dis-

coveries, and thus turned into human beings.

In that case, similar processes of transition

must also apply to other living things. Since

cheetahs, for example, are able to run very fast,

they should one day be able to alter their phys-

ical structures and turn into sentient beings

winning gold medals at the Olympic Games.

However, a look at the scientific facts reveals

that cheetahs, tigers, wolves, fox, lions and

leopards—in short, all animals—never

changed at all.

The same stability or stasis also applies to apes

and human beings. Apes have always existed

as apes, and human beings as human beings.

CHEETAH SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 109

Age: 7.3 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: Shan Dong,

China

Page 112: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

LION SKULL

For a long time, a great many people took at

face value the statements made by academ-

ics and scientists who espoused Darwinism.

They imagined that since these experts be-

lieved in evolution, there must be something

to it, and blindly believed in evolution them-

selves. At the root of this error lay their igno-

rance of the fact that Darwinism was sup-

ported solely for ideological reasons. They

did not know that scientists who espoused

Darwinism also held such nonsensical ideas

as fish left the water and began using legs thatformed by chance to walk on land, or chimpan-

zees that began using stones to crack open

nuts developed into humans who founded

civilizations, launched rockets and studied

themselves in laboratories.

However, the true facts are now out in the

open. People now know that the fossil record

contains specimens of present-day life forms

that were in existence millions of years ago.

One of these is the 85-million-year-old lion

skull pictured. This fossil proves that, like all

other living things, lions never underwent

evolution at all.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

110 Harun Yahya

Age: 85 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Lin Yi, Shan

Dong, China

Page 113: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

The record jumps, and all the evidence shows that the record is real: The gaps we see reflect realevents in life’s history, not the artifact of a poor fossil record.18

Darwinist confessions of this kind show that no

matter how much they may try to cover up the fact,

they are actually aware of the reality demonstrated

by the fossil record. The fossil record is full of gaps

and has produced not the slightest trace of the inter-

mediate forms hypothesized by Darwinism. Instead,

it is full of “living fossils” that show that contempo-

rary life forms with their complex structures have

never altered at all. This 55-million-year-old brown

hyena skull shows that hyenas have remained un-

changed for millions of years, and that the species

has never evolved. No matter how much Darwinists

may search, they will never be able to find a single

intermediate form to show that living things ever

did evolve.

BROWN HYENA SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 111

Age: 55 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: Gan Su,

China

Page 114: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Many more species have remained unchanged over

the course of tens of millions of years that could ev-

er be contained in the pages of a single book. If evo-

lution were a valid theory, then there should be bil-

lions of intermediate forms to show that countless

species did, in fact, change. Instead of fully-devel-

oped life forms, we should be able to see the re-

mains of developing entities that only recently at-

tained their present-day forms. But Darwinists have

been unable to point to a single transitional form.

On the other hand, millions of fossils in books and

on display in exhibitions show that living things

have existed unchanged for millions of years.

In contrast to Darwinists’ lack of evidence, the

proofs of the fact of Creation are increasing with ev-

ery passing day. One example of this is the 66-mil-

lion-year-old antelope skull illustrated here.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

112 Harun Yahya

Age: 66 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: Gan Su,

China

ANTELOPE SKULL

Page 115: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Studies of the anatomical details of another antelope

skull dating back 63 million years have revealed it to

be identical to those of specimens alive today. The fact

that this mammal has remained the same for 63 million

years, and the lack of any evidence that it ever

changed, certainly show the complete invalidity of the

theory of evolution.

It is not hard to appreciate the conclusion that this evi-

dence all leads to. Living things are all sublime works

of art, created at Allah’s command. He has no need of

natural causes or means to bring them into being from

nothing (Surely Allah is beyond that). His command is

sufficient to bring a life form into existence. A person

can see this just by looking at the sublime Creation in

his or her own body. To regard this as the result of

chance is evidence of a complete logical collapse.Does not man see that We created him from a

drop, yet there he is, an open antagonist! He

makes likenesses of Us and forgets his own

Creation, saying, “Who will give life to bones

when they are decayed?” Say “He Who made

them in the first place will bring them back to

life. He has total knowledge of each created

thing.” (Surah Ya Sin, 77-79)

ANTELOPE SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 113

Age: 66 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: Gan Su, China

Page 116: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

POLAR BEAR SKULL

The Atlas of Creation series

and this book offer important

evidence that can only add to

Darwinists’ panic, showing them

that evolution is dead and that they can

no longer deceive the world. This 74-million-

year-old polar bear skull, for instance, is identi-

cal to the skulls of polar bears alive today—suf-

ficient on its own to undermine Darwinists’ ar-

guments.

As the evidence increases declaring that

Darwinism is invalid, the more Darwinists seek

to give the impression that “We are alive and

well.” They try to use propaganda techniques

to fight an intellectual struggle that they were

unable to wage with science. They attempt to

cover up studies that demolish Darwinism. But

this behavior does not prevent them from see-

ing, albeit subconsciously, the scale of the col-

lapse that has taken place.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

114 Harun Yahya

Age: 74 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Liaoning, China

Page 117: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Wild dogs are just one of the millions of

species of living fossils. All evidence goes

to show that present-day wild dogs, bears,

jackals and tigers were also living 50 mil-

lion years ago, and even earlier. Millions

of years ago, the Earth was inhabited by

present-day life forms with their present-

day characteristics. Contrary to what evo-

lutionists suggest, it was not inhabited by

odd, semi-developed life forms. The fossil

record presents a completely different pic-

ture from what Darwinists suggest.

WILD DOG SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 115

Age: 50 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: England

The details of the bonestructure of the fossil illus-trated can be seen clearly.

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

116 Harun Yahya

At the present stage of geological research, we have toadmit that there is nothing in the geological recordsthat runs contrary to the view of conservative creation-ists, that God created each species separately. . . .19

The biologist Edmund J. Ambrose is one evolu-

tionist who admits the realities demonstrated

by science. The fossil record, having demol-

ished evolution, is producing more evidence of

the fact of Creation every day. This 81-million-

year-old skull shows that grizzly bears had ex-

actly the same appearance then as they do now.

Any objective evaluation of the scientific proof

shows that the same applies to so-called human

evolution. Since there has been no change in

any living species, we can be quite sure that hu-

man beings have never changed, either. Every

living thing has been created, together with all

its particular characteristics. The claim that

primitive animals or primitive humans used to

live in the past is not supported by any evi-

dence.

GRIZZLY BEAR

Age: 81 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Gan Su, China

Page 119: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Adnan Oktar 117

BLACK WOLF SKULL

Fossils may tell us many things, but one thing they can nev-er disclose is whether they were ancestors of anything else. 20

The evolutionist Colin Patterson admits that fossils consti-

tute no evidence for evolution. On the contrary, the fossil

record shows that living things have constantly appeared

as if out of nothing, with exactly the same appearances

they have today. The 42-million-year-old skull illustrated is

important evidence that black wolves have remained un-

changed for 42 million years. This is the reality demon-

strated by the fossil record in the 21st

century.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Age: 42 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Shan Dong, China

Page 120: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

118 Harun Yahya

JAGUAR SKULL

When he first proposed it,

Darwin’s thesis that hu-

mans and apes are de-

scended from some com-

mon ancestor was not sup-

ported by any scientific

evidence, and that has re-

mained the case ever since.

All efforts made in the in-

tervening 150 years to sup-

port the myth of human evo-

lution have been in vain. The

fossils obtained have proved that

apes have always existed as apes and

humans as humans; that apes did not

turn into human beings and that hu-

mans and apes share no common an-

cestor.

Faced with the disappointment inflict-

ed on them by the fossil record and

their lack of any supporting evidence

whatsoever, all that evolutionists had

left to do was to arrange fossil skulls

out one after the other in totally arbi-

trary ways and to engage in conjecture,

whose unrealistic nature has long been

documented. However, fossils such as

the 87-million-year-old jaguar skull

fossil in the picture totally invalidate

such speculation. In the same way that

there has been no change over tens of

years in the skulls of these mammals,

so there have been no changes in apes

or humans, either.

Age: 87 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Shan Dong, China

Page 121: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 119

Darwinists constantly suggest that evolution is a proven

theory. They trace the imaginary descent from one species

to another, and adorn such scenarios with plentiful Latin

terminology. But not a single piece of scientific evidence

showing that this claim is true has ever ap-

peared in any Darwinist publication.

Indeed, it’s impossible for any such evi-

dence to be published, since no such evi-

dence exists. Their main obstacle, however,

is that Darwinists are unable to account for

the origin of life, how life first emerged,

how the first cell came into being.

Darwinists have stumbled at this very first

hurdle. The reaction they have shown to

proofs of Creation is nothing more than a

requirement of their ideology.

On its own, the 65-million-year-old lion

skull illustrated is sufficient evidence to

consign evolution to the dustbin of history.

There is no difference between this fossil

skull and those of lions living today.

LION SKULL

Age: 65 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Yun Nan,

China

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120 Harun Yahya

SMALL INDIAN CIVET CAT SKULL

Instead of filling the gaps in the fossilrecord with so-called missing links,most paleontologists found themselvesfacing a situation in which there wereonly gaps in the fossil record, with noevidence of transformational interme-diates between documented fossil spe-cies.21

The 4.2-million-year-old small

Indian civet cat skull illustrated con-

firms these words by Jeffrey H.

Schwartz. The fossil record reveals

no intermediate forms of the kind

anticipated by evolutionists, but

does exhibit examples of contempo-

rary life forms together with all their

complex structures, as with this 4.2-

million-year-old animal.

Age: 4.2 million years

Period: Pliocene

Location: Ma Ling

Mountain, China

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Adnan Oktar 121

WOLF SKULL

Wolves are exactly the same today as they

were 82 million years ago. These animals have

undergone no change over the course of mil-

lions of years. Their structures have all been

exceedingly complex from since they were first

created, and there are no signs of any changes

having taken place. Since there is no sign of

any change in countless life forms such as

wolves, cats, lions, tigers, foxes and bears—

and since the skulls of all these creatures have

remained exactly the same over tens of mil-

lions of years—there is no scientific grounds

for claiming that the bodies and skulls of apes

changed as these animals turned into human

beings. This myth has been refuted by concrete

findings. There is no such thing as the evolu-

tion of M.

Age: 82 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Gan Su, China

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122 Harun Yahya

David M. Raup, formerly the head of the

Geology Department at the Chicago Museum of

Natural History, admits that the fossil record in-

validates evolution:

[Darwin] was embarrassed by the fossil record. . . .Well, we are now about 120 years after Darwinand the knowledge of the fossil record has beengreatly expanded. We now have a quarter of a mil-lion fossil species, but the situation hasn’t changedmuch. The record of evolution is still surprisinglyjerky. 22

One of the fossils that undermines the myth of

evolution is this 5.1-million-year-old Asian gold-

en cat skull.

ASIAN GOLDEN CAT

Age: 5.1 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: Gan Su, China

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RED WOLF SKULL

Life on Earth emerged in a single moment, 530 million

years ago. The endless variety of living things—belong-

ing to more phyla than there are today—and all the life

forms that appeared since, all appear in the fossil record

suddenly, with no evolutionary ancestors preceding

them. The 66-million-year-old red wolf skull in the pic-

ture, for example, has shown that wolves appeared on

Earth all of a sudden and that they have always had the

same appearance and anatomical structures as they do

today. These facts refute the claim of evolution on Earth

and show the presence of a glorious Creation.

Age: 66 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Lan Zhou,

China

123

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124 Harun Yahya

GIRAFFE SKULL

Giraffes are noted for their extraordinarily long necks. Darwinists

hypothesized that the necks of these animals lengthened gradual-

ly as they stretched to reach higher branches. This,

one of the best known deception of the

theory of evolution, is totally refuted

by the fossil evidence: giraffes

were exactly the same 65 mil-

lion years ago as they are

today. There is no trace of

any specimens in the fos-

sil record undergoing

constant change and

growing longer necks

in order to reach

higher branches. The

giraffe today is exactly

the same as it was 65

million years ago.

Age: 65 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Meng Gu, China

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Adnan Oktar 125

Zebras were same 45 million years

ago as how they are today. In the

same way that wolves, giraffes, bears

and cheetahs have never changed

over the course of millions of years,

neither have zebras. The data re-

vealed by science constitute no evi-

dence for the supposed evolution of

living things. This stasis in the fossil

record cannot be accounted for in

terms of evolution. The fossil record

shows that living things are created

from nothing by Allah’s will, and how

they survive perfectly preserved, with

all their wonderful features.

ZEBRA SKULL

Age: 45 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Xi An, China

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126 Harun Yahya

RED PANDA SKULL

Allah’s artistry is unrivalled. His artistry en-

folds the Earth, the sky and the living world.

His sublime and wondrous existence is mani-

fested in every life form that He has created

from nothing.

Unable to comprehend Allah’s sublime

Creation, evolutionists produce various sce-

narios to account for the origin of life. These,

however, have never been verified by any

branch of science. Paleontology is one of the

branches of science that has dealt a lethal blow

to Darwinism. The millions of fossils un-

earthed bear not the slightest indication to

show that evolution ever happened. The 67-

million-year-old red panda fossil in the pic-

ture, identical to those of the pandas alive to-

day, once again confirms this reality.

Age: 67 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Qing Hai, China

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Adnan Oktar 127

All the characteristics of the heads of

foxes alive today are also present in

this 7.3-million-year-old fox skull. Like

other living things, foxes have the

same features today as they had 7, or

90 million years ago in the past. No

odd-looking, semi-developed foxes

whose identification is unclear have

been found. Hundreds of thousands of

fossil skulls have proved that foxes

have always lived as foxes, leopards as

leopards, lions as lions, cats as cats,

apes as apes and human beings as hu-

mans. The fossil record has completely

disproved the lie that Man is a species

of animal. Allah created man from

nothing, as He did all living things,

and breathed His soul into him. The

efforts of those who seek to portray

Man as a kind of animal have been to-

tally invalidated by science.

FOX SKULL

Age: 7.3 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: Lan Zhou, China

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128 Harun Yahya

According to Darwinism, there should be

enormous differences between present-day life

forms and those whose fossil skulls and other

remains have been unearthed. And again ac-

cording to them, contemporary life forms

should be found in the course of evolving in

the fossil record. For example, there should be

remains of a great many semi-fish and semi-

reptile, or half-reptile and half-mammal crea-

tures. There should be fossil remains of

strange-looking animals reminiscent of don-

keys but which haven’t yet assumed complete

appearance of a donkey. Those donkey skulls

unearthed should have misaligned eye sock-

ets, or as yet no nostrils yet, or peculiarly

shaped jawbones.

However, all the donkey fossils discovered

have the same anatomical features as those of

donkeys living today, showing that this spe-

cies have been exactly the same since they first

came into being.

WILD DONKEY SKULL

Age: 66 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Gan Su, China

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Adnan Oktar 129

WOLVERINE SKULL

Wolverines had exactly the same struc-

tures and appearance 33 million years

ago as their counterparts have today.

They fed, reproduced and lived just the

same as their present day counterparts.

Almighty Allah, the Lord and Judge of

all living things, Who created them 33

million years ago, creates them today.

Allah shapes them and determines their

lifestyles. Like all other living things, the

wolverine is not the product of blind co-

incidence.

Age: 33 million years

Period: Oligocene

Location: He Zheng, Shan

Dong, China

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130 Harun Yahya

The emergence of the detailed remains of a creature that is

millions of years old is a true miracle. Had Allah so willed,

its bones as well as its soft tissues could have disintegrated

under the ground, with no trace at all remaining. In that

case, Darwinists would have had some basis for their spec-

ulations, and could have used the non-existent fossil record

to advance their scenarios, even though the theory would

not have explained the fields of biology, microbiology and

genetics.

However, the facts are actually very different. The perfect-

ly preserved skeletal remains of living things are constant-

ly being unearthed. All their details can be analyzed, com-

parisons made with life forms existing today and—thanks

to the countless details obtained—these species’ similarity

to present-day counterparts can be determined. That is

why Darwinism has collapsed in the paleontological arena,

as well as in all other branches of science.

One of these perfect remains is this 33-million-year hyena

skull, identical to the skulls of hyenas alive today.

HYENA SKULL

Age: 33 million years

Period: Oligocene

Location: He Zheng,

Shan Dong, China

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Adnan Oktar 131

The Asian wild dog skull pictured

shows that no changes have affected

this species over the last 48 million

years. According to Darwinism, 48 mil-

lion years is a comparatively long time in

the supposed evolution of a living thing.

Over such a period, any species should un-

dergo countless coincidental changes, and the

transition from one species to others by way of

random processes should be visible. In order to

achieve the perfect structure it enjoys today, the

Asian wild dog should have evolved through

countless intermediate stages, and 48 million

years ago, it should have looked very different

from how it appears today.

However, there is no difference

between this 48-million-year-old

fossil and the skulls of Asian

wild dogs living today. This is

yet more concrete evidence that

evolution is a myth.

ASIAN WILD DOG SKULLAge: 48 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Kai Feng,

He Nan, China

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132 Harun Yahya

TIGER SKULL

Tiger skulls dating back 90, 80

and 78 million years, as well as to

other periods, have been un-

earthed from various sites. The ti-

ger skull illustrated here is 76

million years old. All these fos-

sils, unearthed at very different

times, are identical to present-

day tigers. Not one shows any

changes, and there is no evidence

to suggest that any one ever

evolved in any way. None is any

more or less developed than any

other. This species is exactly the

same today as it was millions of

years in the past.

Age: 76 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: He Zeng,

China

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Adnan Oktar 133

FOX SKULL

Foxes have not

changed at all over

the last 46 or even

53 million years. If

even older fox re-

mains are discov-

ered, these will also be seen to have undergone no

changes at all. It is therefore meaningless for

Darwinists to keep insisting on their myth of evo-

lution. The science of genetics has done away with

evolution’s supposed “mechanisms”, and microbi-

ology has demonstrated that living systems cannot

evolve. Paleontology has proved that species do

not change.

Evolutionists must now put an end to their artifi-

cial efforts to keep alive this theory, which is on the

point of collapse. All the evidence and all the scien-

ces show that living things are created.

Age: 53 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Quing Hai, China

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134 Harun Yahya

RED PANDA SKULL

As revealed by the paleontological findings,

red pandas have never changed. Neither

have bears. Nor tigers, nor wolves, nor fish,

reptiles, birds or insects. All the fossils dis-

covered to date show that living species have

not changed, so there is no scientific meaning

in claiming that apes changed in such a way

as to turn into human beings. If apes did

change, then red pandas should also have

one day decided to walk on two legs, to de-

velop their brains and expand their skull vol-

umes, and to develop their hands and feet

appropriately. Yet neither red pandas nor

apes have ever undergone such a process of

change. They never evolved.

Age: 67 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Gan Su, China

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Adnan Oktar 135

WOLF SKULL

All living things—both those in existence today

and those dating back millions of years that we

encounter in the fossil record—have flawless, reg-

ular and symmetrical skulls that exhibit no sign of

any deformities. Yet evolutionists claim that any

species would have to go through a great many

imperfect stages before arriving at a flawless skull.

There should be a great many more asymmetrical

forms, for instance, before perfect symmetry is

achieved. There should have been millions of im-

perfect skulls with a jaw pointing to the right of

left, with a nose close to the right cheek, or one eye

socket above the other. Yet no such mutant life

forms appear in the fossil record. All have skulls

that are just as regular and symmetrical as their

descendants in existence today.

The 73-million-year wolf skull pictured is one of

these flawless structures, which refute all claims

regarding evolution.

Age: 73 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Quing Hai,

China

The details of the teeth of this fossilare perfectly clear.

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136 Harun Yahya

HYENA SKULL

Allah has created living things with very different,

complex features. Mammals, with their highly

equipped body systems, exhibit this complexity.

There exists not one single finding to indicate that

mammals’ characteristic features emerged by way

of a supposed process of evolution. On the contrary,

countless fossils demonstrate that living things have

never changed, and never underwent any evolu-

tionary process.

It is highly illogical to seek to postulate a separate

evolutionary scenario for human beings, given the

obvious stasis in all other life forms. Semi-ape crea-

tures that tried to communicate through grunts, that

were totally covered in hair and gradually turned

into human beings—these exist only in Darwinists’

imaginations. Human beings have always existed as

humans and have always lived with the intelligence

and conscience inspired in them by Allah.

Age: 82 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: China

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Adnan Oktar 137

With the last specimen recorded in Jamaica in 1952, the Caribbean monk seal survived un-

changed from 36 million years ago right up to the mid-1900s. The features unique to this spe-

cies—rather smaller than other species of seal, can be seen in full detail in the fossilized skull, lit-

erally identical to members of the same species living up until 60 years ago. Faced with the in-

controvertible fact that this life form never altered at all over the course of 36 million years,

Darwinism is in a state of terrible and insuperable collapse.

CARIBBEAN MONK SEAL SKULL

Age: 36 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Guang Zhou,

China

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138 Harun Yahya

Darwinists have been unable to provide

any evidence to show that wolves evolved.

Evolutionist publications see that they re-

fer solely to hypotheses and conjectures.

You will never find any concrete evidence

showing the wolf’s supposed ancestor or

by what stages the wolf evolved until at-

taining its present form. On the other

hand, countless fossil specimens make it

obvious that wolves have always existed

as wolves and have never evolved in any

way. The 72-million-year-old wolf skull

pictured is one such fossil.

WOLF SKULL

Age: 72 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Yun Nan,

China

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Adnan Oktar 139

Darwin invented unbelievable scenarios regard-

ing the illusory development of living things,

but found it no easy task to account for ocean-

dwelling mammals like the whale. This life

form could not be located anywhere on the im-

aginary tree of life that Darwin imagined. For

that reason, he put forward another unbelieva-

ble theory, suggesting that whales were de-

scended from bears that had used to hunt along

the sea shore. This claim—a source of embar-

rassment even for Darwin’s own supporters—

was logically bankrupt.

Present-day bears and fossils of bears dating

back millions of years have done away with this

claim of Darwin’s. The two look exactly the

same. Bears 55 million years ago had no arms

beginning to turn into fins or legs developing

into flukes. Bears have remained completely un-

changed for millions of years.

BLACK BEAR SKULL

Age: 55 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: Si Chuan,

China

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140 Harun Yahya

LION SKULL

So irrefutable is the fossil record and so definitive

the remains now in our possession that it is possible

to determine all of a fossilized lion’s features, its age

and how it lived. Indeed, all the details in the skull

illustrated can be seen clearly and it is simple for pa-

leontologists to declare that there is no difference be-

tween this specimen and its counterparts today. This

fossil reveals that lions have remained unaltered for

65 million years. Lions alive today are exactly the

same when they were first created. Contrary to what

Darwinists claim, they never evolved in any way,

and the fossil record proves this.

Age: 65 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Gan Su, China

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Adnan Oktar 141

BROWN BEAR SKULL

The variety of life created by Allah is so glorious that it can be appreciated everywhere in the

world. A single species will have countless sub-species, all with their own unique attributes.

Examples of nearly all these forms, with all their features, are present in the fossil record. There are

no intermediate forms of the kind evolution suggests must have existed, no semi-developed spe-

cies that ever emerged, and there is no sign of the “common ancestor” that various species are

claimed to be descended from. Yet species and even their sub-species manifest themselves in the

most perfect states, identical to present-day life forms, in the fossil record. One such example is

this flawless fossil skull of a brown bear, which dates back 8.9 million years—proof that this life

form never changed, and never underwent evolution.

Age: 8.9 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: Yun Nan,

China

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142 Harun Yahya

Like millions of other life forms such as tigers,

wolves, foxes, rhinoceroses, pandas, leopards, li-

ons and hyenas, bears have remained exactly the

same for tens of millions of years, since the mo-

ment of their first Creation. That refutes the

claim that living things evolve. The stasis that

applies to all living species also applies to hu-

mans. In the same way that no change ever took

place in the skulls of tens of thousands of species

over millions of years, so there has been no evo-

lutionary change in the human skull. In the

same way that fish have always existed as fish,

birds have always existed as birds and reptiles

have always existed as reptiles, so humans have

always been humans. There is no question of

any direct progression from the primitive to the

advanced, of the kind maintained by evolution-

ists, in any organ or structure of any living thing.

The 7.5-million-year-old grizzly bear skull pic-

tured here is one proof of this.

GRIZZLY BEAR SKULL

Age: 7.5 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: Gan Su, China

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Adnan Oktar 143

BROWN BEAR SKULL

In his 1991 book Beyond Natural Selection, the

American paleontologist R. Wesson describes the in-

formation provided by the fossil record regarding the

origin of life:

The gaps in the record are real, however. The absence of a record of any important branching is quitephenomenal. Species are usually static, ... for long periods, ... genera never show evolution... 23

Darwinist propaganda, indoctrination and myth are all made meaningless by this fact,

demonstrated by countless proofs. Like the 8.9-million-year-old brown bear skull pic-

tured, all fossils show that evolution is a hollow theory.

Age: 8.9 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: Yun Nan, China

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144 Harun Yahya

If Darwinists are to verify the tales they have been re-

lating for the last 150 years, they must be able to point

to the supposed evolutionary traces that the Siberian

wolf, for example, underwent before assuming its pres-

ent form. They have to be able to explain, with full sup-

porting evidence, how Siberian wolves acquired their

eyes, teeth and noses, and how their skull structures as-

sumed their present-day shapes. In addition, they must

do that for all other living things. Yet Darwinists can

never provide such a scientific account for Siberian

wolves or for any other life form. All they can offer is

fictitious chronologies, hypothetical illustrations and

reconstructions that fail to reflect the truth.

Concrete findings such as fossils, however, show that

Siberian wolves have always existed as Siberian

wolves.

SIBERIAN WOLF SKULL

Age: 42 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Qing Hai,

China

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Adnan Oktar 145

The steppe polecat, approximately the same

size as the domestic cat, is a member of the

cat family. The features visible in this 73-mil-

lion-year-old skull reveal that present-day

steppe polecats have never changed over

tens of millions of years. It is impossible to

find a single piece of evidence showing that

the creature ever evolved. Steppe polecats

are of the countless species that never un-

derwent evolution.

STEPPE POLECAT SKULL

Age: 73 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Xian, Shan Xi,

China

The close-up showsthe fossil’s jaw anddental structure.

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146 Harun Yahya

The fossil history of the hyena goes back to

very ancient times. None of the fossils dis-

covered so far is any different from present-

day hyenas. In order to verify its claims, the

theory of evolution must point to at least

one concrete piece of evidence—an inter-

mediate form, showing that these present

life forms are descended from other, earlier

ones. But that is totally impossible. The evi-

dence revealed by paleontology consists of

fossils of living things that have never

changed and thus constitute significant

proof against the theory of evolution. The

42-million-year-old hyena fossil illustrated

is one of the proofs that demolish that theo-

ry and shows that hyenas have never al-

tered in any way.

HYENA SKULL

Age: 42 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Gui Lin Gui

Zhou, China

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Adnan Oktar 147

Darwinists describe science as chance. They

believe that chance works miracles and at-

tempt to account for the perfections they

encounter, the sublime life forms and gran-

diose civilizations, in terms of coincidence.

They try to brand any other alternative ex-

planations as unscientific. That is why they

produce chance-based developmental chro-

nologies and look in the fossil record for ev-

idence to support them.

Yet the way this desperate logic has been

portrayed as “scientific” is the disgrace of

the century. As with the 73-million-year-old

panda skull pictured here, the science of pa-

leontology reveals examples of living things

that have never changed.

PANDA SKULL

Age: 73 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: China

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148 Harun Yahya

This 47-million-year-old zebra skull is literally

identical to those of present-day zebras.

Remaining loyal to Darwinism when the evi-

dence contradicts the claims of the theory of

evolution, one by one, is obviously a total

waste of time, resources and energy. These ef-

forts by Darwinists do not give the results

they hoped for, and bestow no credibility on

them or their theories. On the contrary, their

refusal to abandon their claims despite all the

scientific evidence to the contrary further in-

creases the suspicion with which they are re-

garded. There is absolutely no room for the

theory of evolution in the findings that science

has now obtained.

ZEBRA SKULL

Age: 47 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Nei Meng

Gu, China

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Adnan Oktar 149

As Darwinists continue to await the appear-

ance of intermediate-form fossils, the fossil

record pushes the dating of so-called “living

fossils” ever further into the remote past. For

example; hyenas existed 50 million years ago,

80 million years ago, and even 90 million years

ago. No matter how much Darwinists try to in-

vent an imaginary evolutionary history, every

hyena fossil ever discovered is identical to

present-day specimens. The 52-million-year-

old hyena skull pictured is further confirma-

tion of this. As with other examples, this fossil

shows that the animal has never changed over

the course of aeons.

HYENA SKULL

Age: 52 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Hua South,

China

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

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150 Harun Yahya

WILD DOG SKULL

This is how Darwin described the dilemma

confronting his theory in his book:

. . . Why, if species have descended from otherspecies by insensibly fine gradations, do we noteverywhere see innumerable transitional forms?Why is not all nature in confusion instead of thespecies being, as we see them, well defined? . . .But, as by this theory innumerable transitionalforms must have existed, why do we not findthem embedded in countless numbers in thecrust of the earth? 24

Some 160 years later, evolutionists are still

faced by the same difficulty: While millions of

fossils have been unearthed to date, why has

not a single intermediate form ever been

found? For anyone who can think unfettered

by preconceptions the answer is obvious: be-

cause no intermediate forms have ever existed.

Species did not come into being by evolving

from one another. Almighty Allah creates all

living things together with the sublime fea-

tures they all possess.

Age: 5.3 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: Xi An, China

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 151

The known fossil record is not, and has neverhas been, in accord with gradualism. What is re-markable is that, through a variety of historical circum-stances, even the history of opposition has been obscured.. . . “The majority of paleontologists felt their evidence sim-ply contradicted Darwin’s stress on minute, slow, and cu-mulative changes leading to species transformation.” . . .their story has been suppressed. 25

As Professor S. M. Stanley of Harvard University describes it, the theory of evolution is full of lies,

implied confessions and objections—because Darwinists are well aware that the fossil records in-

validate their theory. One of these specimens that discredit the theory of evolution is the 42-million-

year-old brown bear skull pictured.

BROWN BEAR SKULL

Age: 42 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Zhe Jiang,

China

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

152 Harun Yahya

The evolutionist and paleontologist David

Pilbeam admits that the fossil findings dis-

prove the theory of evolution:

If you brought in a smart scientist from another dis-cipline and showed him the meager evidence we’vegot, he’d surely say, “Forget it: There isn't enoughto go on.”26

There are no scientific grounds for Darwinists

persisting in their claims. On the other hand,

countless fossils such as the 3.3-million-year li-

on skull illustrated make clear the true state of

affairs: Evolution is an unscientific fantasy.

Almighty Allah, Lord of all, has created the

universe and all living things.

LION SKULL

Age: 3.3 million years

Period: Pliocene

Location: Gan Su, China

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

The myth of the evolution of the horse is one of Darwinism’s best-

known frauds. This scenario—which many contemporary evolution-

ists admit is untrue—is still defended by a number of fanatical

Darwinists. However, this claim is full of extraordinary inconsisten-

cies and lacks any scientific evidence, and has been totally refuted.

Horses have remained unchanged over millions of years. The 33-

million-year-old Asian wild horse skull illustrated shows that

horses lived in exactly the same way then as they do now.

This by itself is sufficient to demolish all Darwinist claims

about the alleged horse evolution.

ASIAN WILD HORSE SKULL

Adnan Oktar 153

Age: 33 million years

Period: Oligocene

Location: Yun Nan,

China

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

154 Harun Yahya

TIGER SKULL

Every new paleontological finding over the

last 100 years or so has dealt a new blow to

evolution. The intermediate forms that

Darwin hoped would one day be found are

still conspicuous by their absence. An arti-

cle in Nature magazine made the following

admission on this subject that proves the

collapse of the theory of evolution:

Missing links in the sequence of fossil evidencewere a worry to Darwin. He felt sure theywould eventually turn up, but they are stillmissing and seem likely to remain so.27

Age: 9.8 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: Yun Nan, China

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 155

FOX SKULL

Darwinists have no scientific evidence that evolu-

tion ever happened. This lack of evidence is appar-

ent in their works and papers. The evolutionist and

paleontologist Collin Patterson reveals the dilemma

facing evolutionists with his response to criticism

that he failed to include intermediate forms in his

book Evolution:

I fully agree with your comments on the lack of direct il-lustration of evolutionary transitions in my book. If Iknew of any, fossil or living, I would certainly have in-cluded them. . . ..I will lay it on the line, There is not onesuch fossil for which one might make a watertight argu-ment.28

Age: 53 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Yun Nan, China

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Natural history is full of countless fossil specimens pre-

served together with their perfect structures. One such is this

30-million-year-old fossil rabbit. On close examination, it can

be seen that there is no difference between rabbits that lived

30 million years ago and their counterparts living today. To

put it another way, all rabbits have always existed as rabbits

right through the course of history—they are not descended

from any other life form and never turned into any other.

The frauds, distortions and propaganda techniques to which

Darwinists resort in order to keep their theory alive are now

utterly meaningless. The fossil record has clearly demon-

strated the unchanging nature of living things and has inval-

idated all the conjectural accounts that can be proposed on

the subject.

Age: 30 million years

Period: Oligocene

Location: White River

Formation, Wyoming,

USA

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

156 Harun Yahya

RABBIT SKULL

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157

Age: 18 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: Chile

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 157

CORMORANT SKULL

Cormorants are waterfowl with long bodies and broad

tails, and their counterparts 18 million years ago dis-

played exactly the same characteristics. Darwinists try

to give the impression that living things are in a con-

stant state of change and evolve by passing through

various transitional stages. The truth is very different,

however: As with the fossil illustrated here, the count-

less cormorant fossils unearthed to date all declare that

these living things have never altered at all.

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This raccoon fossil from the Miocene

Period documents that these animals

have never altered over the past 12 mil-

lion years or so. The anatomical features

in this fossil show that raccoons were the

same then as they are today.

Natural history is very different from

what Darwinists claim. There were no

odd, semi-developed creatures or mam-

mals that had yet to complete their devel-

opment millions of years ago. On the

contrary, the Earth of millions of years

ago was inhabited by many life forms

still in existence today. The extraordinary

variety of life is the scientific reality that

alarms and terrifies Darwinists.

RACCOON SKULL

Age: 12 to 7 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: China

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

158 Harun Yahya

There is no differencebetween the teeth ofraccoons living some12 million years agoand those alive today.

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COYOTE SKULL

Coyotes living 90 million years ago were complete-

ly identical to coyotes living today. Millions of

years in the past, these animals had exactly the

same features as members of the species do today.

They have never changed in 90 million years.

Coyotes have never turned into or evolved from

another species. This applies to all the other life

forms that existed millions of years ago. That being

so, there is obviously no logic to the evolutionist ac-

count of how human beings have changed. Like all

the other scenarios, these go no further than decep-

tive speculations.

Age: 90 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: He Zheng,

Gan Su, China

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 159

The fossil’s teeth are clearlyvisible in the photograph.

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Zebras living today have exactly the same

characteristics as those in existence around

70 million years ago. Detailed inspection of

this fossil skull shows that all its features are

identical to those of present-day zebras.

This proves that zebras have never been

subjected to any alterations since the mo-

ment of their first Creation and that they

were created in a single moment, together

with all their perfect attributes. This same

sublime Creation applies to humans and all

other living things, and in the face of these

realities, Darwinists are reduced to silent

despair.

ZEBRA SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

160 Harun Yahya

Age: 70 to 40 million years

Period: Cretaceous-Eocene

Location: China

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Age: 50 million years

Period: Eocene

Location: Da Quing,

Hei Long Jiang, China

Specimens of these mammals dating back 50

million years have been perfectly preserved.

This specimen, also millions of years old,

shows that antelopes have never been subject-

ed to any alteration, and neither descended

from nor evolved into any other life form. Just

like zebras, wolves, tigers and foxes millions

of years old, these living things were also cre-

ated in the manner determined by Allah, and

never changed since. As is the case with all

other life forms, there is not a single interme-

diate form to support the myth of human ev-

olution. As with all other evolutionist claims,

this one is completely false. Living things on

Earth never evolved.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 161

ANTELOPE SKULL

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So far, Darwinists have been unable to offer any scientific

evidence to support their theories. Through reconstruc-

tions, examples of hoaxes and deceptive television and

newspaper reports, they try to misdirect people into think-

ing that evolution really happened. However, the scientific

evidence shows that living things millions of years ago had

exactly the same appearances and complex structures as

they do today, and have never changed. The 90-million-

year-old tiger skull in the picture makes this quite clear. Just

like other animals and human beings, tiger have never un-

dergone evolution.

Age: 90 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Si Chuan, China

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

162 Harun Yahya

TIGER SKULL

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With their powerful structures and

sublime anatomies, wolves are mar-

vels of Creation, specially created

with pads for walking on snow and

the stamina to travel huge distances.

These animals had exactly the same

characteristics 120 million years ago

in the past. This wolf skull, perfectly

preserved for 120 million years,

proves that wolves were living at a

time when, according to the theory

of evolution, they should still have

been in the process of development.

Darwinists are unable to account for

this stasis within species, but still in-

sist in their thesis of human evolu-

tion. Yet there is no scientific evi-

dence to support these claims. Just as

with this 120-million-year-old wolf

and other living things, human be-

ings have never been subjected to ev-

olution.

Age: 120 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Qing Hai, China

WOLF SKULL

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Adnan Oktar 163

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Age: 80 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Gui Zhou, China

HYENA SKULL

In the middle of the 20th century, the

unearthing of fossils that were com-

pletely unchanged—from the fossil

record in which Darwin and the

Darwinists who came after him placed

such great hopes—instilled terrible

panic in the adherents of the theory of

evolution. They gave the name stasis to

this stability in fossils and, in the face

of this unexpected development re-

vealed by the fossil record, they came

up with the “punctuated evolution”

theory to make these new fossils fit in

with their earlier main thesis.

They imagined that this claim, devoid

of any scientific evidence and in fact a

totally ludicrous ideas, would be their

salvation. Yet they never expected that

the fossil record would then inflict an

even greater disappointment: In the

early 1970s, when punctuated evolu-

tion was regarded as a literal savior,

only a few specimens of “living fos-

sils” had been identified in the fossil

record. But Darwinists never thought

that these living fossils would later ac-

tually number in the millions. Today,

the countless documented living fos-

sils have demolished all the assump-

tions of the theory of evolution. One of

these is the 80-million-year-old hyena

skull illustrated.

164 Harun Yahya

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Age: 60 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: Shan Dong, China

WEASEL SKULL

From the first cell that coalesced in the primor-dial soup to the magnificent intricacies ofHomo sapiens, the evolution of life—as every-body knows has been one long drive towardgreater complexity. The only trouble withwhat everybody knows. . . is that there is no ev-idence it’s true.29

These words from Lori Oliwenstein, a for-

mer editor of Discover magazine, reveal the

undeniable dilemma facing the theory of

evolution. Fossils unearthed provide no

evidence in favor of evolution. On the con-

trary, they disgrace the adherents of evolu-

tion. This 60-million-year-old weasel skull,

identical to those of present-day weasels,

reminds Darwinists of exactly the same re-

ality and proves the invalidity of myths of

evolution.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 165

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Age: 60 million years

Period: Paleocene

Location: Yun Nan, China

TURTLE

166 Harun Yahya

Darwinists allow 20 million years for the imagi-

nary process of human evolution to have taken

place. That is the period of time that human be-

ings are estimated to have taken to develop from

chimpanzees into their present form—the period

of time best suited to the theory of evolution.

Accordingly, there should be countless interme-

diate forms demonstrating that 20-million-year

transition from chimpanzee to human. Yet out of

all the transitional forms that should once have

existed, there is not even one. Instead, we have

fossils of terrestrial life forms with perfect struc-

tures that lived for much longer periods of time.

This 60-million-year-old turtle skull proves that

these animals have remained unchanged for 60

million years, which represents powerful evi-

dence against evolutionists’ claims regarding

human evolution, for which there is no scientific

proof whatsoever.

That being so, all Darwinist incitement is mean-

ingless. Life forms have never changed, and the

evolutionary history the public are indoctrinated

with never happened. Allah created all living

things, human beings included, from nothing.

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If, as Darwinists maintain, bears descended from

other life forms by way of small, gradual chan-

ges, then 90 millions years ago there should have

been odd-looking mammals indicating such a

change. There should have been peculiar entities

with as yet undeveloped eye sockets, lacking ears

or whose claws had only begun to form—entities

reminiscent of bears, but which had not yet

turned into them. In addition, the fossil record

should contain a great many traces of these

strange beings.

However, when we look at fossil remains dating

back 90 million years we see that the bears were

no different from their counterparts living today.

Brown bears alive then had perfectly formed

physical structures. The fossil record shows that

no other living things have ever changed—in oth-

er words, that they never evolved.

BROWN BEAR SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 167

Age: 90 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Gui Zhou,

China

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Age: 9.3 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: Yun Nan, China

Darwinists never reflect on living

things. They are unwilling to consider

how they have perfect structures and sub-

lime features, and how not one of them could have de-

veloped by chance from a single cell. That means they

are unable to appreciate the sublime might and om-

niscience of Allah. According to irrational and unsci-

entific Darwinist thinking, there is but one explana-

tion for all the complexity in the universe: The very

first cell supposedly emerged from a collection of

muddy water and then later gave rise to the lions, ot-

ters, rabbits, cats and humans you see around you.

However, the message with which Darwinism seeks

to indoctrinate the public is now discredited and mor-

ibund. Fish dating back hundreds of millions of years,

reptiles, birds and this 9.3-million-year-old wolf skull

all point to one single truth: The theory of evolution is

a lie.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

168 Harun Yahya

WOLF SKULL

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In order for a mammal like the arctic fox to un-

dergo evolution in the way Darwinists claim, it

must undergo comprehensive and intensive

changes. In order for these alterations to take

place, countless supposedly beneficial muta-

tions have to take place, undeveloped organs

must be eliminated, new ones must develop,

and all of a living thing’s limbs must change

and diversify in such a way as to give rise to

new shapes. Moreover, traces of these changes

should be visible in the Earth’s strata, and the

fossil record should contain evidence of rep-

tiles’ limbs turning into fox legs in the course of

time. But there is not a single example of these

imaginary transitions in the fossil record.

Instead, the fossil record shows that foxes iden-

tical to those seen today were also living mil-

lions of years in the past. The 8.2-million-year-

old Arctic fox skull pictured is confirmation of

this. Darwinists have no rational claim they can

make in the face of this important evidence.

Age: 8.2 million years

Period: Miocene

Location: Si Chuan,

China

ARCTIC FOX SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 169

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Age: 78 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Guang Dong,

China

This tiger skull shows that tigers have re-

mained unchanged for 78 million years.

The scenarios that evolutionists have

been relating for decades—that living

things are descended from a single com-

mon ancestor, that they are in a constant

state of change and that this is how they

develop—are scientifically invalid. Not a

single fossil finding will support these

scenarios. Excavations have demolished,

with an abundance of scientific evidence,

the supposed evolution of mammals, as

with that of all living things. Fossils rep-

resent a lethal blow to Darwinism but de-

finitive and absolute proof of the fact of

Creation.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

170 Harun Yahya

TIGER SKULL

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PANDA SKULLAge: 88 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Pan Zhi Hua,

Si Chuan, China

Considered in terms of Darwinist claims, in or-

der for any large omnivore such as the panda to

evolve, it would require countless transitional

stages. In order for these fictitious transitional

stages to occur, millions of years and countless

changes would be required. But the

surprising thing for evolutionists is

that the fossil record reveals only pan-

das exactly the same as those alive to-

day. The proofs that show how pres-

ent-day pandas were living 88 million

years ago and the absence of a single

one of the countless intermediate

forms that should have once existed—

according to Darwinists—are some of

the lethal blows that have been dealt to

the theory of evolution. It is a simple

matter for Allah, Who has created all

living things from nothing, to create

such a life form today, as well as 88

million years ago. Yet Darwinists are

unable to accept this.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 171

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

172 Harun Yahya

When we look at any life forms in

existence today, we see that they

are identical to specimens that

lived millions of years ago.

Neither bears, pandas, tortoises or

any other living thing has ever

evolved. This 80-million-year-old

bear skull is just one of the proofs

confirming this. All the anatomi-

cal features of this fossil, pre-

served for 80 million years among

the strata of the Earth, are identi-

cal to those of present-day bears.

Inasmuch as none of the living

things in the Earth’s strata have

ever changed, it is utterly illogical

for Darwinists to insist that hu-

man beings did evolve.

Age: 80 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Yun Nan, China

BEAR SKULL

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 173

The stasis in the fossil record has now as-

sumed a state that Darwinists cannot pos-

sibly deny. Many who have begun accept-

ing the fact that species have not changed

have also had to abandon their insistent

claims on the subject. Livings fossils—

more of which are being discovered by

the day—have revealed stasis over the

course of tens of millions of years, rather

than the slow change expected by

Darwinists. The evidence is mounting

that species never evolved. Living speci-

mens of the Siberian wolf, an 80-million-

year-old fossil skull of which can be seen

in the picture, show that these animals

have never altered in the slightest.

Age: 80 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Gan Su, China

SIBERIAN WOLF SKULL

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Age: 80 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Gui Zhou,

China

80 million years is a significant length of time for

evolutionists. Darwinists have constructed

countless imaginary evolutionary scenarios for

periods as long as 80 million years. They imagine

they have identified the supposed ancestors of

the tiger and invent fantasies regarding how

these may have changed and how the tiger came

into possession of its characteristics on a gradual

basis. Thus they produce a totally fictitious,

chance-based evolutionary scenario for the tiger,

one devoid of any scientific evidence. Because in

the eyes of Darwinism, time creates, develops

and alters.

However, the fossil record contains no odd-look-

ing entities in the process of developing, but

rather tigers that appear just like those in the

present day. This fossilized tiger skull 80 million

years old, clearly reveals all its details and refutes

Darwinism with definitive scientific evidence.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

174 Harun Yahya

TIGER SKULL

The photograph shows detailsof the fossil’s dental structure.

Page 177: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

This 83-million-year-old antelope skull discovered in China reiterates a fact that the fos-

sil record makes clear for all other antelopes: No matter how much time may have gone by, ante-

lopes have never altered at all. There is absolutely no difference between antelopes that lived tens of mil-

lions of years ago, nor between them and antelopes living today. The further down one digs, the older

the fossil specimens one uncovers, and all show that evolution never happened. Not a single instance of

the intermediate fossils that evolutionists for decades expected would eventually turn up has ever been

discovered.

Darwinists should offer rational and scientific explanation for this. And if they have no explanations to

offer, they should accept the reality revealed by science: that our Almighty Lord Allah has created all liv-

ing things.

Age: 83 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: He Zheng,

Gan Su, China

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 175

ANTELOPE SKULL

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A large number of fossil specimens have been dis-

covered of countless species belonging to the deer

family. Each one has its own characteristic struc-

tures, and can be seen in fossils dating back mil-

lions of years. The 78-million-year-old spotted deer

skull pictured bears all the characteristics of pres-

ent-day deer. This extraordinary state of affairs

shows that Darwinism is complete and utter non-

sense. Darwinism is finally in its death throes,

though some of its adherents still refuse to let it die.

But it is no longer possible to preserve a theory that

has long since been discredited, whose final rem-

nants are now collapsing.

Age: 78 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Xin Jiang,

China

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

176 Harun Yahya

SPOTTED DEER SKULL

The details of the teeth and bone structure ofthe fossil illustrated are seen clearly.

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Darwinists claim that living things are de-

scended from one another and assumed their

present form by way of gradual changes over

time. If this claim were true, then it should be

apparent from the fossil record. Yet the Earth

produces nothing but fossils dating back mil-

lions of years that are identical to specimens

alive today. There is not a single transitional

form to verify Darwinists’ claims. All living

things, from the smallest to the largest, existed

millions of years ago in the same forms as they

are today.

If other living things never changed, then there

are no rational and scientific grounds for claim-

ing that human beings changed. Humans have

always been fully human, and have never al-

tered.

Age: 75 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Gan Su, China

RHINOCEROS SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 177

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Age: 90 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Gan Su, China

Portions of the visual and written media

are pro-Darwinist. For that reason, almost

no examples of “living fossils” appear in

the press reports concerning human evolu-

tion. One hardly ever encounters a report

describing how living things have never

changed. One never finds information that

creatures living millions of years ago had

the same complex features that their coun-

terparts possess today. Indeed, constant

propaganda suggests the exact opposite.

For years now, Darwinists have been using

the same tactics to mislead people.

However, that deception has finally come

to an end. The fossil record reveals a wide-

spread stasis, and most people are finally

aware of this. This 90-million-year-old hye-

na skull is just one instance of these life

forms that have never changed. An exami-

nation of at the fossil immediately reveals

that it is identical to the skull of present-day

hyenas. This is a great miracle of Allah.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

178 Harun Yahya

HYENA SKULL

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BINTURONG SKULL

Darwin imagined that living things

changed slowly. In his view, all living

things, humans included, were descended

from other species and thus arrived at their

modern-day appearances. Given that 19th-

century science provided no evidence to

support his hypothesis, Darwin believed

that the intermediate-form fossils that

should exist would be found at a later date.

Darwin’s closest followers inherited this

legacy of belief. Ever since that time, they

have ceaselessly looked for the intermedi-

ate forms that Darwin believed would

eventually be forthcoming. However, it did

not take long to realize that Darwin had

been mistaken. The unaltered life forms in

the fossil record definitively refuted

Darwinism. One blow to this superstitious

belief, sought to be kept alive solely as an

ideology, is the 88-million-year binturong

skull illustrated.

Age: 88 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Yun Nan, China

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 179

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Age: 87 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Yun Nan,

ChinaThe fossil record’s failure to confirm Darwin’s expecta-

tions eradicates all claims regarding the supposed evolu-

tion of Man. If there has been no change at any stage of

natural history, if there is no single trace

of any transition from one species to an-

other, then claims to the effect that hu-

mans are descended from another species

are untrue. The wild boar skull pictured,

87 million years old, shows that wild

boars have existed unaltered for millions

of years. This and other examples repre-

sent a major dilemma for the Darwinist

claim that human beings evolved. The ev-

idence that living things do not change

indicates that evolution never happened,

and by analogy, that human beings are

definitely not the product of evolution.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

180 Harun Yahya

BOAR SKULL

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WOLVERINE SKULL

The wolverine skull illustrated, 90 million

years old, possesses all the characteristics of

living wolverines and is by itself proof that

this species was never subject to any change at

all. All evolutionary scenarios based on such

supposed changes are now invalid. Evolution

cannot explain how a living thing millions of

years in the past could exhibit such complex

features, nor why the life form in question

never changed. All the facts we have here are

scientific and undeniable. All living things are

the flawless works of Allah.

Age: 90 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Zhou Kou

Dian, Beijing, China

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 181

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Foxes were created as foxes, tortoises as tortois-

es, cats as cats, tigers as tigers and wolves as

wolves. There is much evidence that they were

created in the forms they have today, and none

to suggest that they have ever changed. This 80-

million-year wolf skull is a significant indication

that wolves too created in their present-day

forms. Just like all these other species, human

beings never evolved either, but were created.

They have always existed as human beings since

the beginning. Just as no chimpanzee has been

observed to develop into a human being, so

there are no examples of chimpanzees in the

past becoming human, and no fossil evidence to

suggest that this ever happened.

Age: 80 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Du Lan, Qing

Hai, China

WOLF SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

182 Harun Yahya

The dental detail shown in this 80-million-year-old fox fossil is proofthat evolutionists are mistaken.

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FISHER MARTEN SKULLAge: 78 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: He Zheng,

Gan Su, China

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 183

Allah has the power to create from nothing. Failing to com-

prehend this, Darwinists cannot or will not understand

that Allah creates a living thing whenever He so desires,

simply by commanding it to Be! This lack of belief and lack

of awareness of the true facts underlie the illogical scenar-

ios and false proofs they come up with. Yet people

who are not influenced by the Darwinist spell have

no difficulty in grasping the magnificent Creation in

the world. Clearly, living things have been created

and equipped with perfect systems. They have been

the same down through their generations, since the

moment they were first created.

The 78-million-year-old fisher marten skull illus-

trated is one of the representatives of this reality.

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TIBETAN SAND FOX SKULL

Age: 86 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Du Lan, Qing

Hai, China

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

184 Harun Yahya

Darwinists have to explain why an 80-million-year

wolf, a 96-million-year-old panda or a 75-million-

year-old rhinoceros have never changed since. They

have to explain why an 83-million-year-old ante-

lope, a 90-million-year-old hyena and a 70-million-

year-old zebra have remained exactly the same.

Darwinists must also account for how the 86-mil-

lion-year-old Tibetan sand fox illustrated and mil-

lions of other specimens are absolutely no different

from members of the same species alive today. If

Darwinists are unable to provide a scientific expla-

nation for a single one of these—as they are indeed

unable to—then they must accept and declare that

evolution is a false theory. So long as they fail to do

so, they will be speaking in the name of ideological

obsessions, but not of science.

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In the face of the countless “living fossils” that

have been found, evolutionist conjecture is ut-

terly worthless. Darwinists may publish as

many articles containing unscientific myths in

scientific journals as they wish, and portray as

many hoax fossils and illustrations as actually

depicting the truth as they wish, but a single

fossil belonging to life forms in existence today

is still enough to obliterate this unscientific the-

ory. The 85-million-year-old spectacled bear

skull illustrated, for instance, by itself invali-

dates the theory. It is identical to those of pres-

ent-day spectacled bears. The species has re-

mained unchanged over 85 million years.

Age: 85 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Zhou Kou

Dian, Fang Shan,

Beijing, China

SPECTACLED BEAR SKULL

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 185

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Age: 88 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: He Zheng,

Gan Su, China

Darwinism depends on creating confusion.

Darwinists try to distract people, to prevent them

reflecting on larger issues and instead, to mislead

them with conjecture. They try to convince people

that transitional life forms once existed, by constant-

ly repeating the same tall tales. The fact is, however,

that fossils represent concrete scientific evidence.

Though constantly searching for evidence to con-

firm the theory of evolution, Darwinists have never

found any. The evidence obtained so far—of count-

less living fossils—all refutes evolution.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

186 Harun Yahya

WOLF SKULL

One such piece of evi-

dence is the 88-million-

year-old wolf skull pic-

tured, proving that

wolves living 88 million

years ago had the same

cranial features they

have today and have

never changed at all.

Page 189: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

ASIAN WILD DOG SKULL

. . . no real evolutionist, whether gradualist orpunctuationist, uses the fossil record as evi-dence in favor of the theory of evolution as op-posed to special Creation.30

These words by Richard L. Kleiss state

that the fossil record has demolished all

the claims of evolution. Evolution has suf-

fered a terrible defeat at the hands of the

fossil record. The 65-million-year-old

Asian wild dog skull fossil illustrated has

exactly the same features as members of

the species living today. This means that

the animal lived with exactly the same

characteristics then as now. It is one of the

scientific proofs that cast Darwinists into

an ever-greater state of despair.

Age: 65 million years

Period: Cretaceous

Location: Dong Liang,

Shan Dong, China

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 187

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D arwinism is a dogmatic belief, a supersti-tious faith. This is the reason why evidenceopposed to the theory of evolution is con-

stantly being brought up through countless proofs,Atlas of Creation series, fossil exhibitions and detaileddescriptions of individual fossils are provided to showthat life forms never changed: to be a means wherebysome people who have lost the ability to think objec-tively under the spell of a superstitious religion cansee the truth.

For the last 150 years or so, the theory of evolution has

been kept alive through speculation and propaganda.

People are constantly subjected to subconscious in-

doctrination. Although evolution is based on no scien-

tific evidence at all, it is still taught in schools, exhibit-

ed in museums with imaginative reconstructions and

is the subject of frequent reports in the press. The true

source of this effective indoctrination is not science,

but rather a false belief system. The religion of

Darwinism has convinced people of an untruth and

has depicted a lie as true science.

EEXXAAMMPPLLEESS OOFF TTHHEE EEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONNIISSTT PPRROOPPAAGGAANNDDAA TTHHAATTHHAASS DDEECCEEIIVVEEDD TTHHEE WWOORRLLDD FFOORR 116600 YYEEAARRSS

Charles Darwin

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

188 Harun Yahya

Speculation, slogans incompatible with the truth, and imaginary reconstructions

are Darwinism’s main propaganda tools. By these means, the public is con-

stantly indoctrinated with the idea that the theory of evolution is a scientific. In fact,

however, evolution cannot explain how even the first living cell came into being.

Evolutionists have no answer as to why there is not a single intermediate form fos-

sil to support the theory—or why, if evolution really took place, living things re-

mained unchanged for tens of millions of years, or how and when unconscious at-

oms originally decided to see, hear, touch feel and think. The claims of the theory

of evolution are illogical; even a primary-school student would find them ridiculous.

Increasingly large numbers of people are aware that this irrational propaganda,

produced with media backing, is totally worthless.

CONCLUSION

What Make Us Different

Darwin and Molecula

Revolution

Science People and

Eureka Mome

Page 191: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

But a falsehood without supporters cannot sur-

vive long. The theory of evolution is losing its

adherents, one by one. People who learn the true

nature of Darwinism can clearly see the illogical-

ity of defending it and therefore, reject the theo-

ry. Evolutionary scientists who see the emer-

gence of countless unchanged living fossils real-

ize that they have dedicated their lives to a lie,

and suffer due regret.

All who remain are a few admirers of Darwin,

and all they can do is to recite the same old sce-

narios. Willingly or not, they too have recog-

nized the defeat of Darwinism. They are unable

to find anyone to address their conferences and

suffer the shame of that fact whenever

Darwinism is defended.

That shame can only grow, because fossils con-

stantly produce enough evidence to demolish

Darwinism, showing that living things never

evolved, and were created exactly as they are to-

day. The truth revealed by fossils cannot be con-

cealed or ignored. The religion that is

Darwinism has come to an end.

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 189

FFiiccttiittiioouuss MMuusseeuummssooff EEvvoolluuttiioonn

ar

dent

Hominid Baby Gorilla isFound.

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

190 Harun Yahya190

EEUURROOPPEE IISS WWAAKKIINNGG UUPP,, AANNDD DDAARRWWIINNIISSMM IISS BBEEIINNGG

CCOONNSSIIGGNNEEDD TTOO TTHHEE DDUUSSTTBBIINN OOFF HHIISSTTOORRYY

W ith the arrival of Adnan Oktar’s Atlas of Creation, Europe’s materialists and Darwinistswere seized by serious panic. Many stated that Atlas of Creation, which was unlike

any anti-evolution work they had ever seen before, represented more of a threat to theirideas than all the other books opposing Darwinism that had appeared so far. They even at-tempted to have the book banned.The Atlas of Creation revealed with full supporting evidence that there was no scientific ba-sis to the theory of evolution. It elicited a huge reaction in a large number of countries, suchas Holland, Belgium, Great Britain, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland, Spain and Denmark. The im-pact of Atlas of Creation was made clear in countless press reports, articles by commenta-tors, television programs and websites.With Atlas of Creation, a genuine awakening has begun. The European public, long subject-ed to Darwinist and materialist indoctrination, have begun to see that the theory of evolutionis of no scientific worth, being kept alive solely for ideological reasons. Surveys in differentcountries have revealed a significant fall in the numbers of people who believe in Darwinism. For instance, one poll conducted by the French journal Science Actualités revealed that 92%of people did not believe that human beings came into existence by way of evolution, whilea mere 5% believed in evolution. In another survey by the famous German dailySüddedeutsche Zeitung, the level of people believing that Man is the work of a Creator was85%, while only 9% believed that the theory of evolution is true. One survey which made thischange of opinion crystal-clear appeared in Blick, published in Switzerland: A full 85% of re-spondents believed in Creation, while only 8% believed in the theory of evolution.

This awakening led to serious unease among European materialist circles. Aware thatthe supposed scientific basis for their ideology was collapsing, they began what

they thought was a series of precautionary measures. One of these was the“Dangers of Creationism in Education” report prepared by the Council of

the European Parliament Culture, Science and Education Committee.The report consisting of 104 articles, requested that the 47 membercountries take action against Creationist thinking and claimed that

Europe was facing a major threat. “We are witnessing a growth ofmodes of thought which, the better to impose religious dogma,

[Surely religion is beyond this] are attacking thevery core of the knowledge that we have

Adnan Oktar

Page 193: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

patiently built up on nature, evolution, our origins and our place in the universe.” This extractfrom the report set out the real reason for this concern: that Darwinism is being kept alive be-cause of the supposed scientific support it gives to materialism. The collapse of Darwinismmeans materialism and atheism are deprived of one of their most important props. Indeed, thereport stated that the teaching of Creation rocked the world view, in other words materialism,that had been “patiently built up.” Article 12 of the report referred to Adnan Oktar’s anti-Darwinist activities and to the impact of his Atlas of Creation in Europe, saying that no otherwork to date had had such a major effect. Article 57 read: The Harun Yahya offensive: In early 2007, the Turkish creationist Harun Yahya sent his workentitled The Atlas of Creation to a very large number of French schools and resource centers .. . He [Hervé LeGuyader] considers the book to be “Much more dangerous than the previouscreationist initiatives, which were often of Anglo-Saxon origin.” He believes that . . . the meth-od employed by the author could “PROVE HIGHLY EFFECTIVE in the case of an uninformedpublic . . . .”The report ended with the words, “If we are not careful, the values that are the very essence ofthe Council of Europe will be in danger of being di-rectly threatened by the Creationist fundamentalists.It is part of the role of the Council’s parliamentariansto react before it is too late.” The report’s main aimwas to ban the teaching of the fact of Creation. Thisdemand—a violation of democracy, fundamental hu-man rights and intellectual freedom—shed light on animportant truth: European materialists are in a stateof complete panic. Circles keen to maintain the mate-rialist domination of science are unable to defendDarwinism in intellectual terms. In fact, however, prohibiting ideas does no good:Ideas must be opposed by other ideas. In any climatein which ideas of all kinds can be freely expressed,reason, good conscience and common sense willprevail. And the reality to which reason, good con-science and common senseall point is Creation.

Germany, 09-07-2007

Switzerland 03-05-2007

Denmark, 29-06-2007France, 16-02-2007

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

192 Harun Yahya

TTHHEE RREENNOOWWNNEEDD PPHHIILLOOSSOOPPHHEERR AANNTTHHOONNYY FFLLEEWWDDEECCLLAARREEDD TTHHAATT SSCCIIEENNCCEE PPOOIINNTTSS TTOO CCRREEAATTIIOONN

As people have certainly been influenced by me, I want to try and correct theenormous damage I may have done. —Anthony Flew

Anthony Flew, one of the best-known atheist philosophers of his day, admitted that the athe-ism he had espoused for the previous 66 years was a philosophy that had collapsed in theface of the complex structure in DNA. The 81-year-old British professor became an atheistat the age of 15 and first made his name in the academic field with an article published in1950. Over the next 54 years, he espoused atheism at the universities of Oxford, Aberdeen,Keele and Reading, where he taught, at a large number of U.S. and Canadian universitieshe visited, and in debates, books, lectures and articles.

Not long ago, however, Flew renounced his error and admitted that the universe was creat-ed. In a report carried by The Sunday Times, he said: “I have been persuaded that it is sim-ply out of the question that the first living matter evolved out of dead matter and then devel-oped into an extraordinarily complicated creature.” (Stuart Wavell, Will Iredale, “Sorry, says athe-

istinchief, I do believe in God after all,” The Sunday Times, 12 December 2004; http://www.timeson-

line.co.uk/article/0,,2087-1400368,00.html)

A single consciousness, a universal wisdom, pervades the universe. The discoveries of sci-ence, those that search the quantum nature of subatomic matter, have moved us to the brinkof a startling realization: all existence is the expression of this wisdom. In the laboratorieswe experience it as information that first physically articulated as energy and then con-densed into the form of matter. Every particle, every being, from atom to human, appears torepresent a level of information, of wisdom. (Gerald Schroeder, The Hidden Face of God, New

York: Touchstone, 2001, p. XI.)

Anthony Flew’s abandonment of athe-ism elicited a wide reaction in the do-mestic and international press. Newsorganizations such as the Times, TheNew York Times and MSNBC de-scribed the development as “LeadingAtheist Admits: I now Believe inGod,” “An Aatheist’s U-turn” and“Leading Atheist Concludes: Goddoes Exist.”

04-11-2007

12-12-2004

13-12-2004

09-12-20

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 193

TTHHEE DDIIRREECCTTOORR OOFF TTHHEE HHUUMMAANN GGEENNOOMMEE PPRROOJJEECCTTDDEESSCCRRIIBBEESS HHIISS FFAAIITTHH IINN AALLLLAAHH ((GGOODD))

The well-known scientist Francis Collins, head of the Human Genome Project, hadbeen an atheist since the age of 27.But in later years, Collins would see the “stupendous information” contained in DNAand turned into a believer, describing why he believed in his book The Language ofGod. The book states that there is a logical basis for the existence of a Creator andthat scientific discoveries “draw man closer to God.”An article in the 11 June, 2006, edition of the Sunday Times, headed “I’ve FoundGod, Says Man Who Cracked the Genome,” read: One of the great tragedies of our time is this impression that has been created thatscience and religion have to be at war. I don’t see that as necessary at all and I thinkit is deeply disappointing that the shrill voices that occupy the extremes of this spec-trum have dominated the stage for the past 20 years. When you make a break-

through it is a moment of scientific exhilaration becauseyou have been on this search and seem to havefound it. But it is also a moment where I at leastfeel closeness to the Creator in the sense of hav-

ing now perceived something that no humanknew before but God knew all along. Whenyou have for the first time in front of you this 3.1 billion-letter instruction book that

conveys all kinds of information and allkinds of mystery about humankind, you

can’t survey that going through pageafter page without a sense of awe. Ican’t help but look at those pages and

have a vague sense that this is givingme a glimpse of God’s mind.

Francis Collins

004

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

194 Harun Yahya

NOTES:

1 Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species, p. 179.2 Ibid., p. 234.3 Richard E. Leakey, The Making of Mankind, Barcelona :Sphere Books Limited, , 1982, p. 43.4 William R. Fix, The Bone Peddlers, New York:Macmillan Publishing Company, , 1984, p. 150-153.5 Marvin Lubenow, Bones of Contention, Grand Rapids:Baker, 1992, p. 136.6 S. J. Gould, “Evolution's Erratic Pace”, Natural History,Vol. 86, No. 5, May 1977, p. 14.7 Niles Eldredge and Ian Tattersall, The Myths of HumanEvolution, Columbia University Press, 1982, p. 59.8 S. J. Gould, “Cordelia’s Dilemma”, Natural History,February, p. 10-18.9 Henry Gee, In Search of Deep Time, Ithaca: CornellUniversity Press, 1999, p. 1-2.10 Derek A. Ager, “The Nature of the Fossil Record”,Proceedings of the British Geological Association, Vol.87, 1976, p. 133.

Darwinists have been silenced, with nowhere to

turn. Utterly discredited, they are constantly losing

supporters and are unable to find new ones. The

death throes serve no purpose, and they have no

means of salvation. Darwinism is dead, and even

Darwinists can see this. Darwinist propaganda

techniques no longer serve any purpose.

With full supporting evidence, science has shown

that Allah creates living things from nothing. The

complex structures of living things, new details of

which are emerging all the time—plus the fossil ev-

idence that these structures were present millions

of years ago—has killed Darwinism, revealing

Allah’s glory of Creation and infinite might.

Almighty Allah is the one Creator, the Lord of all

living things and of all on Earth and in the heavens.

Allah, the Lord of the worlds, is sublime and

mighty.

He is Allah—the Creator, the Maker, the Giver of

Form. To Him belong the Most Beautiful Names.

Everything in the heavens and Earth glorifies

Him. He is the Almighty, the All-Wise. (Surat al-

Hashr, 24)

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THE SKULLS THAT DEMOLISH DARWIN

Adnan Oktar 195

11 Mark Czarnecki, “The Revival of the Creationist Crusade”,MacLean’s, 19 January 1981, p. 56.12 N. Eldredge, and I. Tattersall, The Myths of HumanEvolution, Columbia University Press, 1982, pp. 45-46.13 George G. Simpson, Tempo and Mode in Evolution, NewYork: Columbia University Press, 1944, pp. 105, 107.14 Francis Darwin, The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, Vol.II, New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1888, p. 128.15 S. M. Stanley, The New Evolutionary Timetable: Fossils,Genes, and the Origin of Species, New York: Basic Books Inc.,1981, p. 71.16 Michael Ruse, The Evolution Wars, Rutgers University Press,2000, p. 23.17 Wasserstoff, “Secret Night of the Dinosaurs”, Vol. 2 (pp.22-23 in Turkish edition).18 Niles Eldredge and Ian Tattersall, The Myths of HumanEvolution, p. 59.19 Edmund J. Ambrose, The Nature and Origin of theBiological World, John Wiley & Sons, 1982, p. 164.20 Colin Patterson, Evolution, 1999, p. 106 - http://be-vets.com/equotesp.htm21 Jeffrey H. Schwartz, Sudden Origins, 1999, p. 89.22 David M. Raup, “Conflicts between Darwin andPaleontology”, Field Museum of Natural History Bulletin, Vol.50, No. 1, January 1979, p. 25.23 R. Wesson, Beyond Natural Selection, Cambridge, MA: MITPress, , 1991, p. 45.24 Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species, New York: OxfordUniversity Press, , 1998, p. 140, 141, 227.25 S. M. Stanley, The New Evolutionary Timetable: Fossils,Genes, and the Origin of Species, New York: Basic Books Inc.,1981, p. 71.26 Richard E. Leakey, The Making of Mankind, London:Michael Joseph Limited, 1981, p. 43.27 E. R. Leach; Nature, 293: 19, 1981.28 L.D.Sunderland, Darwin’s Enigma: Fossils and OtherProblems, 4th Edition, Master Books.29 Stephen Jay Gould, Life’s Grandeur, London: Vintage,1996, p. 212.30 Mark Ridley,"Who Doubts Evolution", New Scientist, Vol.90, No: 1259, June 25, 1981.

They [the angels] said, “Glory be to

You! We have no knowledge except

what You have taught us. You are the

All-Knowing, the All-Wise.”

(Surat al-Baqara, 32)

Page 198: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Darwinism, in other words the theory of

evolution, was put forward with the

aim of denying the fact of creation, but

is in truth nothing but failed, unscientific nonsense.

This theory, which claims that life emerged by

chance from inanimate matter, was invalidated by the

scientific evidence of miraculous order in the universe

and in living things. In this way, science confirmed the

fact that Allah created the universe and the living

things in it. The propaganda carried out today in

order to keep the theory of evolution alive is

based solely on the distortion of the scientific

facts, biased interpretation, and lies and false-

hoods disguised as science.

Yet this propaganda cannot conceal the

truth. The fact that the theory of evolution is the

greatest deception in the history of science has

been expressed more and more in the scientific

world over the last 20-30 years. Research carried

out after the 1980s in particular has revealed that

the claims of Darwinism are totally unfounded,

something that has been stated by a large num-

ber of scientists. In the United States in partic-

ular, many scientists from such different

fields as biology, biochemistry and paleontol-

ogy recognize the invalidity of Darwinism

and employ the fact of creation to account

for the origin of life.

The Skul ls That Demol ish Darwinism

196 Harun Yahya

AAPPPPEENNDDIIXX

The Deception ofEvolution

Charles Darwin

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We have examined the collapse of the

theory of evolution and the proofs of crea-

tion in great scientific detail in many of our

works, and are still continuing to do so.

Given the enormous importance of this

subject, it will be of great benefit to sum-

marize it here.

TThhee SScciieennttiiffiicc CCoollllaappssee ooffDDaarrwwiinniissmm

Although this doctrine goes back as

far as ancient Greece, the theory of evolu-

tion was advanced extensively in the

nineteenth century. The most important

development that made it the top topic

of the world of science was Charles

Darwin's The Origin of Species, pub-

lished in 1859. In this book, he denied

that Allah created different living species

on Earth separately, for he claimed that all

living beings had a common ancestor and

had diversified over time through small

changes. Darwin's theory was not based on

any concrete scientific finding; as he also ac-

cepted, it was just an "assumption." Moreover, as

Darwin confessed in the long chapter of his book ti-

tled "Difficulties on Theory," the theory failed in the

face of many critical questions.

Darwin invested all of his hopes in new scientific

discoveries, which he expected to solve these difficulties.

However, contrary to his expectations, scientific findings

expanded the dimensions of these difficulties. The defeat

of Darwinism in the face of science can be reviewed un-

der three basic topics:

1) The theory cannot explain how life originated on Earth.

2) No scientific finding shows that the "evolutionary mechanisms" proposed by the theory

have any evolutionary power at all.

3) The fossil record proves the exact opposite of what the theory suggests.

In this section, we will examine these three basic points in general outlines:

The Decept ion of Evolut ion

Adnan Oktar 197

The claims made by Darwin, who developed

his theory in the wake of a voyage to the

Galapagos Islands on board the Beagle, con-

sisted of a fantasy reflecting the primitive sci-

entific conditions of the time. Launched at a

time when the biro had not yet been invented

and when people thought the cell was a bal-

loon filled with water, the theory of evolu-

tion has been dealt any number of lethal

blows by the scientific advances of the 20th

and 21st centuries.

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TThhee FFiirrsstt IInnssuurrmmoouunnttaabbllee SStteepp:: TThhee OOrriiggiinn ooff LLiiffee

The theory of evolution posits that all living species evolved from a single living cell that

emerged on the primitive Earth 3.8 billion years ago. How a single cell could generate millions of

complex living species and, if such an evolution really occurred, why traces of it cannot be observed

in the fossil record are some of the questions that the theory cannot answer. However, first and fore-

most, we need to ask: How did this "first cell" originate?

Since the theory of evolution denies creation and any kind of supernatural intervention, it

maintains that the "first cell" originated coincidentally within the laws of nature, without any de-

sign, plan or arrangement. According to the theory, inanimate matter must have produced a living

cell as a result of coincidences. Such a claim, however, is inconsistent with the most unassailable

rules of biology.

""LLiiffee CCoommeess FFrroomm LLiiffee""

In his book, Darwin never referred to the origin of life. The primitive understanding of science

in his time rested on the assumption that living beings had a very simple structure. Since medieval

times, spontaneous generation, which asserts that non-living materials came together to form liv-

ing organisms, had been widely accepted. It was commonly believed that insects

came into being from food leftovers, and mice from wheat. Interesting experi-

ments were conducted to prove this theory. Some wheat was placed on a

dirty piece of cloth, and it was believed that mice would originate from it

after a while.

Similarly, maggots developing in rotting meat was assumed to be

evidence of spontaneous generation. However, it was later understood

that worms did not appear on meat spontaneously, but were carried

there by flies in the form of larvae, invisible to the naked eye.

Even when Darwin wrote The Origin of Species, the belief that bacte-

ria could come into existence from non-living matter was widely accept-

ed in the world of science.

However, five years after the publication of Darwin's book, Louis Pasteur

announced his results after long studies and experiments, that disproved sponta-

neous generation, a cornerstone of Darwin's theory. In his triumphal lecture at the Sorbonne in

1864, Pasteur said: "Never will the doctrine of spontaneous generation recover from the mortal

blow struck by this simple experiment."1

For a long time, advocates of the theory of evolution resisted these findings. However, as the

development of science unraveled the complex structure of the cell of a living being, the idea that

life could come into being coincidentally faced an even greater impasse.

IInnccoonncclluussiivvee EEffffoorrttss ooff tthhee TTwweennttiieetthh CCeennttuurryy

The first evolutionist who took up the subject of the origin of life in the twentieth century was

the renowned Russian biologist Alexander Oparin. With various theses he advanced in the 1930s,

The French biologistLouis Pasteur

The Skul ls That Demol ish Darwinism

198 Harun Yahya

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he tried to prove that a living cell could originate by coincidence. These

studies, however, were doomed to failure, and Oparin had to make the

following confession:

Unfortunately, however, the problem of the origin of the cell is perhaps

the most obscure point in the whole study of the evolution of organ-

isms.2

Evolutionist followers of Oparin tried to carry out experiments to solve

this problem. The best known experiment was carried out by the American

chemist Stanley Miller in 1953. Combining the gases he alleged to have existed in the pri-

mordial Earth's atmosphere in an experiment set-up, and adding energy to the mixture,

Miller synthesized several organic molecules (amino acids) present in the structure of proteins.

Barely a few years had passed before it was revealed that this ex-

periment, which was then presented as an important step in

the name of evolution, was invalid, for the atmosphere

used in the experiment was very different from the

real Earth conditions.3

After a long silence, Miller confessed that the at-

mosphere medium he used was unrealistic.4

All the evolutionists' efforts throughout the twentieth

century to explain the origin of life ended in failure. The geo-

chemist Jeffrey Bada, from the San Diego Scripps Institute accepts

this fact in an article published in Earth magazine in 1998:

Today as we leave the twentieth century, we still face the biggest unsolved problem

that we had when we entered the twentieth century: How did life originate on

Earth?5

TThhee CCoommpplleexx SSttrruuccttuurree ooff LLiiffee

The primary reason why the theory of evolution ended up in such a great im-

passe regarding the origin of life is that even those living organisms deemed to be

the simplest have incredibly complex structures. The cell of a living thing is more

complex than all of our man-made technological products. Today, even in the most

developed laboratories of the world, a living cell cannot be produced by bringing

organic chemicals together.

The conditions required for the formation of a cell are too great in quantity to

be explained away by coincidences. The probability of proteins, the building

blocks of a cell, being synthesized coincidentally, is 1 in 10950 for an average pro-

tein made up of 500 amino acids. In mathematics, a probability smaller than 1 over

1050 is considered to be impossible in practical terms.

The DNA molecule, which is located in the nucleus of a cell and which stores ge-

Adnan Oktar 199

Russian biologistAlexander Oparin

The Decept ion of Evolut ion

Stanley Miller

Page 202: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

netic information, is an incredible databank. If the information cod-

ed in DNA were written down, it would make a giant library con-

sisting of an estimated 900 volumes of encyclopedias consisting

of 500 pages each.

A very interesting dilemma emerges at this point: DNA

can replicate itself only with the help of some specialized pro-

teins (enzymes). However, the synthesis of these enzymes can

be realized only by the information coded in DNA. As they

both depend on each other, they have to exist at the same time

for replication. This brings the scenario that life originated by it-

self to a deadlock. Prof. Leslie Orgel, an evolutionist of repute

from the University of San Diego, California, confesses this fact in

the September 1994 issue of the Scientific American magazine:

It is extremely improbable that proteins and nucleic acids,

both of which are structurally complex, arose spontaneously in the

same place at the same time. Yet it also seems impossible to have

one without the other. And so, at first glance, one might have to

conclude that life could never, in fact, have originated by chem-

ical means.6

No doubt, if it is impossible for life to have originated from

natural causes, then it has to be accepted that life was "created"

in a supernatural way. This fact explicitly invalidates the theo-

ry of evolution, whose main purpose is to deny creation.

IImmaaggiinnaarryy MMeecchhaanniissmm ooff EEvvoolluuttiioonn

The second important point that negates Darwin's theory is

that both concepts put forward by the theory as "evolutionary

mechanisms" were understood to have, in reality, no evolutiona-

ry power.

Darwin based his evolution allegation entirely on the mech-

anism of "natural selection." The importance he placed on this

mechanism was evident in the name of his book: The Origin of

Species, By Means of Natural Selection…

Natural selection holds that those living things that are

stronger and more suited to the natural conditions of their habi-

tats will survive in the struggle for life. For example, in a deer

herd under the threat of attack by wild animals, those that can

run faster will survive. Therefore, the deer herd will be com-

prised of faster and stronger individuals. However, unques-

The Skul ls That Demol ish Darwinism

200 Harun Yahya

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tionably, this

mechanism will

not cause deer to

evolve and transform

themselves into another liv-

ing species, for instance, horses.

Therefore, the mechanism of natu-

ral selection has no evolutionary power.

Darwin was also aware of this fact and had

to state this in his book The Origin of Species:

Natural selection can do nothing until favourable individ-

ual differences or variations occur.7

LLaammaarrcckk''ss IImmppaacctt

So, how could these "favorable variations" occur? Darwin tried to

answer this question from the standpoint of the primitive understand-

ing of science at that time. According to the French biologist

Chevalier de Lamarck (1744-1829), who lived before Darwin, liv-

ing creatures passed on the traits they acquired during their life-

time to the next generation. He asserted that these traits, which

accumulated from one generation to another, caused new spe-

cies to be formed. For instance, he claimed that giraffes

evolved from antelopes; as they struggled to eat the

leaves of high trees, their necks were extended from

generation to generation.

Darwin also gave similar examples. In his

book The Origin of Species, for instance, he

said that some bears going into water to

find food transformed themselves into

whales over time.8

However, the laws of inheritance

discovered by Gregor Mendel (1822-

84) and verified by the science of ge-

netics, which flourished in the twen-

tieth century, utterly demolished

the legend that acquired traits were

passed on to subsequent generations.

Thus, natural selection fell out of favor as

an evolutionary mechanism.

The Decept ion of Evolut ion

Adnan Oktar 201

Page 204: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

NNeeoo--DDaarrwwiinniissmm aanndd MMuuttaattiioonnss

In order to find a solution, Darwinists advanced the "Modern

Synthetic Theory," or as it is more commonly known, Neo-Darwinism, at

the end of the 1930s. Neo-Darwinism added mutations, which are distortions

formed in the genes of living beings due to such external factors as radiation or

replication errors, as the "cause of favorable variations" in addition to natural mu-

tation.

Today, the model that stands for evolution in the world is Neo-Darwinism.

The theory maintains that millions of living beings formed as a result of a

process whereby numerous complex organs of these organisms (e.g., ears,

eyes, lungs, and wings) underwent "mutations," that is, genetic disorders.

Yet, there is an outright scientific fact that totally undermines this theory:

Mutations do not cause living beings to develop; on the contrary, they

are always harmful.

The reason for this is very simple: DNA has a very complex structure,

and random effects can only harm it. The American geneticist B. G.

Ranganathan explains this as follows:

First, genuine mutations are very rare in nature. Secondly, most muta-

tions are harmful since they are random, rather than orderly changes in the

structure of genes; any random change in a highly ordered system will be for the

worse, not for the better. For example, if an earthquake were to shake a highly or-

dered structure such as a building, there would be a random change in the frame-

work of the building which, in all probability, would not be an improvement.9

The Skul ls That Demol ish Darwinism

202 Harun Yahya

All mutations observed are harmful. Mutation

cannot improve a species nor give rise to any

new species. That is because there is a highly

complex order in living things' DNA. Any ran-

dom change arising in that molecule will only

harm the organism in question. The only

changes mutations bring with them are death,

disease and deformity.

Page 205: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

Not surprisingly, no mutation example, which is useful, that is, which is observed to develop

the genetic code, has been observed so far. All mutations have proved to be harmful. It was under-

stood that mutation, which is presented as an "evolutionary mechanism," is actually a genetic oc-

currence that harms living things, and leaves them disabled. (The most common effect of mutation

on human beings is cancer.) Of course, a destructive mechanism cannot be an "evolutionary mech-

anism." Natural selection, on the other hand, "can do nothing by itself," as Darwin also accepted.

This fact shows us that there is no "evolutionary mechanism" in nature. Since no evolutionary

mechanism exists, no such any imaginary process called "evolution" could have taken place.

TThhee FFoossssiill RReeccoorrdd:: NNoo SSiiggnn ooff IInntteerrmmeeddiiaattee FFoorrmmss

The clearest evidence that the scenario suggested by the theory of evolution did not take place

is the fossil record.

According to this theory, every living species has sprung from a predecessor. A previously ex-

isting species turned into something else over time and all species have come into being in this way.

In other words, this transformation proceeds gradually over millions of years.

Had this been the case, numerous intermediary species should have existed and lived within

this long transformation period.

For instance, some half-fish/half-reptiles should have lived in the past which had acquired

some reptilian traits in addition to the fish traits they already had. Or there should have existed

some reptile-birds, which acquired some bird traits in addition to the reptilian traits they already

had. Since these would be in a transitional phase, they should be disabled, defective, crippled liv-

ing beings. Evolutionists refer to these imaginary creatures, which they believe to have lived in the

past, as "transitional forms."

If such animals ever really existed, there should be millions and even billions of them in num-

ber and variety. More importantly, the remains of these strange creatures should be present in the

fossil record. In The Origin of Species, Darwin explained:

If my theory be true, numberless intermediate varieties, linking most closely all of the species

of the same group together must assuredly have existed... Consequently, evidence of their former

existence could be found only amongst fossil remains.10

The Decept ion of Evolut ion

Adnan Oktar 203

Not a single trace has been found in

the fossil record to show that one life

form ever turned into another. Just

about the entire Earth has been dug

up, but nothing has ever been found

apart from perfect life forms possessed of all their

relevant features. Fossils prove that living things have never changed

over the course of millions of years, in other words, that they never evolved.

THERE IS NO TRACE OF SO-

CALLED INTERMEDIATE FORMS

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The Skul ls That Demol ish Darwinism

204 Harun Yahya

LLIIVVIINNGG FFOOSSSSIILLSS RREEFFUUTTEE EEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONN

Sea UrchiniPeriod: Paleozoic Age,Carboniferous PeriodAge: 295 million years

Crane FlyPeriod: Cenozoic Age, Eocene PeriodAge: 48-37 million years

Fossils are proof that evolution neverhappened. As the fossil record reveals,living things suddenly appeared to-gether with all the characteristics theypossess, and they never undergo theslightest change so long as they re-main in existence. Fish have alwaysexisted as fish, insects as insects, andreptiles as reptiles. There is no scien-tific validity to the claim that speciesemerged gradually.

Sun Fish Period: Cenozoic Age,Eocene PeriodAge: 54-37 million years

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The Decept ion of Evolut ion

Adnan Oktar 205

StarfishPeriod: Paleozoic Age,Ordovician PeriodAge: 490-443 million years

Sequoia LeafPeriod: Cenozoic Age,Eocene PeriodAge: 50 million years

CicadaPeriod: MesozoicAge, CretaceousPeriodAge: 125 millionyears

Birch Tree LeafPeriod: Cenozoic Age,Eocene PeriodAge: 50 million years

Page 208: Harun Yahya Islam   The Skulls That Demolish Darwin

DDaarrwwiinn''ss HHooppeess SShhaatttteerreedd

However, although evolutionists have been making strenuous efforts to find fossils since the

middle of the nineteenth century all over the world, no transitional forms have yet been uncovered.

All of the fossils, contrary to the evolutionists' expectations, show that life appeared on Earth all of

a sudden and fully-formed.

One famous British paleontologist, Derek V. Ager, admits this fact, even though he is an evo-

lutionist:

The point emerges that if we examine the fossil record in detail, whether at the level of orders or of

species, we find - over and over again - not gradual evolution, but the sudden explosion of one

group at the expense of another.11

This means that in the fossil record, all living species suddenly emerge as fully formed, with-

out any intermediate forms in between. This is just the opposite of Darwin's assumptions. Also, this

is very strong evidence that all living things are created. The only explanation of a living species

emerging suddenly and complete in every detail without any evolutionary ancestor is that it was

created. This fact is admitted also by the widely known evolutionist biologist Douglas Futuyma:

Creation and evolution, between them, exhaust the possible explanations for the origin of living

things. Organisms either appeared on the earth fully developed or they did not. If they did not, they

must have developed from pre-existing species by some process of modification. If they did appear

in a fully developed state, they must indeed have been created by some omnipotent intelligence.12

Fossils show that living beings emerged fully developed and in a perfect state on the Earth.

That means that "the origin of species," contrary to Darwin's supposition, is not evolution, but

creation.

TThhee TTaallee ooff HHuummaann EEvvoolluuttiioonn

The subject most often brought up by advocates of the theory of evolution is the subject of the

origin of man. The Darwinist claim holds that modern man evolved from ape-like creatures. During

this alleged evolutionary process, which is supposed to have started 4-5 million years ago, some

"transitional forms" between modern man and his ancestors are supposed to have existed.

According to this completely imaginary scenario, four basic "categories" are listed:

1. Australopithecus 2. Homo habilis3. Homo erectus4. Homo sapiensEvolutionists call man's so-called first ape-like ancestors Australopithecus, which means

"South African ape." These living beings are actually nothing but an old ape species that has become

extinct. Extensive research done on various Australopithecus specimens by two world famous anat-

omists from England and the USA, namely, Lord Solly Zuckerman and Prof. Charles Oxnard,

shows that these apes belonged to an ordinary ape species that became extinct and bore no resem-

blance to humans.13

The Skul ls That Demol ish Darwinism

206 Harun Yahya

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Evolutionists classify the next stage of human evolution as "homo," that is "man."

According to their claim, the living beings in the Homo series are more developed than

Australopithecus. Evolutionists devise a fanciful evolution scheme by arranging different fos-

sils of these creatures in a particular order. This scheme is imaginary because it has never been

proved that there is an evolutionary relation between these different classes. Ernst Mayr, one of

the twentieth century's most important evolutionists, contends in his book One Long Argument

that "particularly historical [puzzles] such as the origin of life or of Homo sapiens, are extreme-

ly difficult and may even resist a final, satisfying explanation."14

By outlining the link chain as Australopithecus > Homo habilis > Homo erectus > Homo

sapiens, evolutionists imply that each of these species is one another's ancestor. However, recent

findings of paleoanthropologists have revealed that Australopithecus, Homo habilis, and Homo

erectus lived at different parts of the world at the same time.15

Moreover, a certain segment of humans classified as Homo erectus have lived up until very

modern times. Homo sapiens neandarthalensis and Homo sapiens sapiens (modern man) co-ex-

isted in the same region.16

This situation apparently indicates the invalidity of the claim that they are ancestors of one

another. Stephen Jay Gould explained this deadlock of the theory of evolution although he was

himself one of the leading advocates of evolution in the twentieth century:

What has become of our ladder if there are three coexisting lineages of hominids (A. africanus,

the robust australopithecines, and H. habilis), none clearly derived from another? Moreover,

none of the three display any evolutionary trends during their tenure on earth.17

Put briefly, the scenario of human evolution, which is "upheld" with the help of various

drawings of some "half ape, half human" creatures appearing in the media and course books,

that is, frankly, by means of propaganda, is nothing but a tale with no scientific foundation.

The Decept ion of Evolut ion

Adnan Oktar 207

FALSE

Piltdown Man, the first so-

called "ape-man", was dis-

played in museums and

adorned the covers of "sci-

entific" publications for 40

years before it emerged

that it was actually a hoax.

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Lord Solly Zuckerman, one of the most famous and respected scientists in the U.K., who car-

ried out research on this subject for years and studied Australopithecus fossils for 15 years, finally

concluded, despite being an evolutionist himself, that there is, in fact, no such family tree branch-

ing out from ape-like creatures to man.

Zuckerman also made an interesting "spectrum of science" ranging from those he considered

scientific to those he considered unscientific. According to Zuckerman's spectrum, the most "scien-

tific"-that is, depending on concrete data-fields of science are chemistry and physics. After them

come the biological sciences and then the social sciences. At the far end of the spectrum, which is

the part considered to be most "unscientific," are "extra-sensory perception"-concepts such as telep-

athy and sixth sense-and finally "human evolution." Zuckerman explains his reasoning:

We then move right off the register of objective truth into those fields of presumed biological sci-

ence, like extrasensory perception or the interpretation of man's fossil history, where to the faithful

[evolutionist] anything is possible - and where the ardent believer [in evolution] is sometimes able

to believe several contradictory things at the same time.18

The tale of human evolution boils down to nothing but the prejudiced interpretations of some

fossils unearthed by certain people, who blindly adhere to their theory.

DDaarrwwiinniiaann FFoorrmmuullaa!!

Besides all the technical evidence we have dealt with so far, let us now for once, examine what

kind of a superstition the evolutionists have with an example so simple as to be understood even

by children:

The theory of evolution asserts that life is formed by chance. According to this claim, lifeless

and unconscious atoms came together to form the cell and then they somehow formed other living

things, including man. Let us think about that. When we bring together the elements that are the

building-blocks of life such as carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium, only a heap is formed.

No matter what treatments it undergoes, this atomic heap cannot form even a single living being.

If you like, let us formulate an "experiment" on this subject and let us examine on the behalf of ev-

olutionists what they really claim without pronouncing loudly under the name "Darwinian formu-

la":

Let evolutionists put plenty of materials present in the composition of living things such as

phosphorus, nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, iron, and magnesium into big barrels. Moreover, let them

add in these barrels any material that does not exist under normal conditions, but they think as nec-

essary. Let them add in this mixture as many amino acids and as many proteins-a single one of

which has a formation probability of 10-950-as they like. Let them expose these

mixtures to as much heat and moisture as they like. Let them

stir these with whatever technologically devel-

oped device they like. Let them put the fore-

most scientists beside these barrels. Let these

The Skul ls That Demol ish Darwinism

208 Harun Yahya

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experts wait in turn beside these barrels for billions, and even trillions of years. Let them be free to

use all kinds of conditions they believe to be necessary for a human's formation. No matter what

they do, they cannot produce from these barrels a human, say a professor that examines his cell

structure under the electron microscope. They cannot produce giraffes, lions, bees, canaries, hors-

es, dolphins, roses, orchids, lilies, carnations, bananas, oranges, apples, dates, tomatoes, melons,

watermelons, figs, olives, grapes, peaches, peafowls, pheasants, multicoloured butterflies, or mil-

lions of other living beings such as these. Indeed, they could not obtain even a single cell of any one

of them.

Briefly, unconscious atoms cannot form the cell by coming together. They cannot take a new

decision and divide this cell into two, then take other decisions and create the professors who first

invent the electron microscope and then examine their own cell structure under that microscope.

Matter is an unconscious, lifeless heap, and it comes to life with Allah's superior creation.

The theory of evolution, which claims the opposite, is a total fallacy completely contrary to rea-

son. Thinking even a little bit on the claims of evolutionists discloses this reality, just as in the

above example.

TTeecchhnnoollooggyy iinn tthhee EEyyee aanndd tthhee EEaarr

Another subject that remains unanswered by evolutionary theory is the excel-

lent quality of perception in the eye and the ear.

Before passing on to the subject of the eye, let us briefly answer the question

of how we see. Light rays coming from an object fall oppositely on the eye's ret-

ina. Here, these light rays are transmitted into electric signals by cells and reach

a tiny spot at the back of the brain, the "center of vision." These electric signals

are perceived in this center as an image after a series of processes. With this

technical background, let us do some thinking.

The brain is insulated from light. That means that its inside is com-

pletely dark, and that no light reaches the place where it is located. Thus,

the "center of vision" is never touched by light and may even be the

darkest place you have ever known. However, you observe

a luminous, bright world in this pitch darkness.

The Decept ion of Evolut ion

209Adnan Oktar

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The image formed in the eye is so sharp and distinct that even the technology of the twentieth

century has not been able to attain it. For instance, look at the book you are reading, your hands

with which you are holding it, and then lift your head and look around you. Have you ever seen

such a sharp and distinct image as this one at any other place? Even the most developed television

screen produced by the greatest television producer in the world cannot provide such a sharp im-

age for you. This is a three-dimensional, colored, and extremely sharp image. For more than 100

years, thousands of engineers have been trying to achieve this sharpness. Factories, huge premises

were established, much research has been done, plans and designs have been made for this pur-

pose. Again, look at a TV screen and the book you hold in your hands. You will see that there is a

big difference in sharpness and distinction. Moreover, the TV screen shows you a two-dimensional

image, whereas with your eyes, you watch a three-dimensional perspective with depth.

For many years, tens of thousands of engineers have tried to make a three-dimensional TV and

achieve the vision quality of the eye. Yes, they have made a three-dimensional television system,

but it is not possible to watch it without putting on special 3-D glasses; moreover, it is only an arti-

ficial three-dimension. The background is more blurred, the foreground appears like a paper set-

ting. Never has it been possible to produce a sharp and distinct vision like that of the eye. In both

the camera and the television, there is a loss of image quality.

Evolutionists claim that the mechanism producing this sharp and distinct image has been

formed by chance. Now, if somebody told you that the television in your room was formed as a re-

sult of chance, that all of its atoms just happened to come together and make up this device that

produces an image, what would you think? How can atoms do what thousands of people cannot?

If a device producing a more primitive image than the eye could not have been formed by

chance, then it is very evident that the eye and the image seen by the eye could not have been

formed by chance. The same situation applies to the ear. The outer ear picks up the available sounds

by the auricle and directs them to the middle ear, the middle ear transmits the sound vibrations by

Compared to cameras and soundrecording devices, the eye and earare much more complex and pos-sess far superior features to theseproducts of high technology.

The Skul ls That Demol ish Darwinism

210 Harun Yahya

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intensifying them, and the inner ear sends these vibrations to the brain by translating them into

electric signals. Just as with the eye, the act of hearing finalizes in the center of hearing in the brain.

The situation in the eye is also true for the ear. That is, the brain is insulated from sound just

as it is from light. It does not let any sound in. Therefore, no matter how noisy is the outside, the

inside of the brain is completely silent. Nevertheless, the sharpest sounds are perceived in the brain.

In your completely silent brain, you listen to symphonies, and hear all of the noises in a crowded

place. However, were the sound level in your brain measured by a precise device at that moment,

complete silence would be found to be prevailing there.

As is the case with imagery, decades of effort have been spent in trying to generate and repro-

duce sound that is faithful to the original. The results of these efforts are sound recorders, high-fi-

delity systems, and systems for sensing sound. Despite all of this technology and the thousands of

engineers and experts who have been working on this endeavor, no sound has yet been obtained

that has the same sharpness and clarity as the sound perceived by the ear. Think of the highest-qual-

ity hi-fi systems produced by the largest company in the music industry. Even in these devices,

when sound is recorded some of it is lost; or when you turn on a hi-fi you always hear a hissing

sound before the music starts. However, the sounds that are the products of the human body's tech-

nology are extremely sharp and clear. A human ear never perceives a sound accompanied by a hiss-

ing sound or with atmospherics as does a hi-fi; rather, it perceives sound exactly as it is, sharp and

clear. This is the way it has been since the creation of man.

So far, no man-made visual or recording apparatus has been as sensitive and successful in per-

ceiving sensory data as are the eye and the ear. However, as far as seeing and hearing are concerned,

a far greater truth lies beyond all this.

The Decept ion of Evolut ion

Adnan Oktar 211

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TToo WWhhoomm DDooeess tthhee CCoonnsscciioouussnneessss tthhaatt SSeeeess aanndd HHeeaarrss wwiitthhiinntthhee BBrraaiinn BBeelloonngg??

Who watches an alluring world in the brain, listens to symphonies and the twittering of birds,

and smells the rose?

The stimulations coming from a person's eyes, ears, and nose travel to the brain as electro-

chemical nerve impulses. In biology, physiology, and biochemistry books, you can find many de-

tails about how this image forms in the brain. However, you will never come across the most im-

portant fact: Who perceives these electro-chemical nerve impulses as images, sounds, odors, and

sensory events in the brain? There is a consciousness in the brain that perceives all this without feel-

ing any need for an eye, an ear, and a nose. To whom does this consciousness belong? Of course it

does not belong to the nerves, the fat layer, and neurons comprising the brain. This is why

The Skul ls That Demol ish Darwinism

212 Harun Yahya

The inside ofthe brain ispitch-black. Nolight can enterthe brain.

The brain admits no light nor sound. Therefore, no

matter how loud a sound may be, the inside of the

brain is still silent. Yet there is a consciousness in

that silence that interprets electrical signals as love-

ly music, a friend's voice or the ringing of a tele-

phone. This consciousness is the soul.

All the components of our lives, people, buildings,cities and cars, in short, everything we see, touch,hold, smell, taste or listen to are actually images andsensations arising in the brain. But who gives rise tothese images? Can it be the brain that forms bright, lu-minous images with depth, a whole world in fact, outof electrical signals in such a restricted space? The brain is just a damp, soft, knobbly piece of tissue. Can such a pieceof tissue create a perfectly clear image, in the most vivid colors, with no spots or poor focus, an image far superior tothat provided by the most high-tech televisions? Or can it produce a far better quality, clearer and sharper sound thanthe most advanced music set? It is, of course, impossible for a piece of tissue such as the brain, weighing just 1.5 kilos,to create such immaculate perceptions.It is thanks to the creation of Almighty Allah, our Lord, that we see electrical signals as a vivid, brightly colored worldof millions of hues and tones, and that our souls delight in these perceptions.

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Darwinist-materialists, who believe that everything is comprised of matter, cannot answer these

questions.

For this consciousness is the spirit created by Allah, which needs neither the eye to watch the

images nor the ear to hear the sounds. Furthermore, it does not need the brain to think.

Everyone who reads this explicit and scientific fact should ponder on Almighty Allah, and

fear and seek refuge in Him, for He squeezes the entire universe in a pitch-dark place of a few cu-

bic centimeters in a three-dimensional, colored, shadowy, and luminous form.

AA MMaatteerriiaalliisstt FFaaiitthh

The information we have presented so far shows us that the theory of evolution is incompat-

ible with scientific findings. The theory's claim regarding the origin of life is inconsistent with sci-

ence, the evolutionary mechanisms it proposes have no evolutionary power, and fossils demon-

strate that the required intermediate forms have never existed. So, it certainly follows that the the-

ory of evolution should be pushed aside as an unscientific idea. This is how many ideas, such as

the Earth-centered universe model, have been taken out of the agenda of science throughout his-

tory.

However, the theory of evolution is kept on the agenda of science. Some people even try to

represent criticisms directed against it as an "attack on science." Why?

The reason is that this theory is an indispensable dogmatic belief for some circles. These cir-

cles are blindly devoted to materialist philosophy and adopt Darwinism because it is the only ma-

terialist explanation that can be put forward to explain the workings of nature.

Interestingly enough, they also confess this fact from time to time. A well-known geneticist

and an outspoken evolutionist, Richard C. Lewontin from Harvard University, confesses that he is

"first and foremost a materialist and then a scientist":

It is not that the methods and institutions of science somehow compel us accept a material expla-

nation of the phenomenal world, but, on the contrary, that we are forced by our a priori adherence

to material causes to create an apparatus of investigation and a set of concepts that produce ma-

terial explanations, no matter how counter-intuitive, no matter how mystifying to the uninitiated.

Moreover, that materialism is absolute, so we cannot allow a Divine [intervention]...19

These are explicit statements that Darwinism is a dogma kept alive just for the sake of adher-

ence to materialism. This dogma maintains that there is no being save matter. Therefore, it argues

that inanimate, unconscious matter created life. It insists that millions of different living species

(e.g., birds, fish, giraffes, tigers, insects, trees, flowers, whales, and human beings) originated as a

result of the interactions between matter such as pouring rain, lightning flashes, and so on, out of

inanimate matter. This is a precept contrary both to reason and science. Yet Darwinists continue to

defend it just so as "not to allow a Divine intervention."

Anyone who does not look at the origin of living beings with a materialist prejudice will see

this evident truth: All living beings are works of a Creator, Who is All-Powerful, All-Wise, and All-

Knowing. This Creator is Allah, Who created the whole universe from non-existence, designed it

in the most perfect form, and fashioned all living beings.

The Decept ion of Evolut ion

Adnan Oktar 213

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TThhee TThheeoorryy ooff EEvvoolluuttiioonn:: TThhee MMoosstt PPootteenntt SSppeellll iinn tthhee WWoorrlldd

Anyone free of prejudice and the influence of any particular ideology, who uses only his or her

reason and logic, will clearly understand that belief in the theory of evolution, which brings to mind

the superstitions of societies with no knowledge of science or civilization, is quite impossible.

As explained above, those who believe in the theory of evolution think that a few atoms and

molecules thrown into a huge vat could produce thinking, reasoning professors and university stu-

dents; such scientists as Einstein and Galileo; such artists as Humphrey Bogart, Frank Sinatra and

Luciano Pavarotti; as well as antelopes, lemon trees, and carnations. Moreover, as the scientists and

professors who believe in this nonsense are educated people, it is quite justifiable to speak of this

theory as "the most potent spell in history." Never before has any other belief or idea so taken away

peoples' powers of reason, refused to allow them to think intelligently and logically, and hidden the

truth from them as if they had been blindfolded. This is an even worse and unbelievable blindness

than the totem worship in some parts of Africa, the people of Saba worshipping the Sun, the tribe

of Prophet Ibrahim (as) worshipping idols they had made with their own hands, or the people of

Prophet Musa (as) worshipping the Golden Calf.

In fact, Allah has pointed to this lack of reason in the Qur'an. In many verses, He reveals that

some peoples' minds will be closed and that they will be powerless to see the truth. Some of these

verses are as follows:

As for those who do not believe, it makes no difference to them whether you warn them or do

not warn them, they will not believe. Allah has sealed up their hearts and hearing and over their

eyes is a blindfold. They will have a terrible punishment. (Surat al-Baqara, 6-7)

… They have hearts with which they do not understand. They have eyes with which they do not

see. They have ears with which they do not hear. Such people are like cattle. No, they are even

further astray! They are the unaware. (Surat al-A'raf, 179)

Even if We opened up to them a door into heaven, and they spent the day ascending through it,

they would only say: "Our eyesight is befuddled! Or rather we have been put under a spell!"

(Surat al-Hijr, 14-15)

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214 Harun Yahya

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Words cannot express just how astonishing it is that this spell should hold such a wide com-

munity in thrall, keep people from the truth, and not be broken for 150 years. It is understandable

that one or a few people might believe in impossible scenarios and claims full of stupidity and il-

logicality. However, "magic" is the only possible explanation for people from all over the world be-

lieving that unconscious and lifeless atoms suddenly decided to come together and form a universe

that functions with a flawless system of organization, discipline, reason, and consciousness; a plan-

et named Earth with all of its features so perfectly suited to life; and living things full of countless

complex systems.

In fact, the Qur'an relates the incident of Prophet Musa (as) and Pharaoh to show that some

people who support atheistic philosophies actually influence others by magic. When Pharaoh was

told about the true religion, he told Prophet Musa (as) to meet with his own magicians. When Musa

(as) did so, he told them to demonstrate their abilities first. The verses continue:

He said: "You throw." And when they threw, they cast a spell on the people's eyes and caused

them to feel great fear of them. They produced an extremely powerful magic. (Surat al-A'raf, 116)

As we have seen, Pharaoh's magicians were able to deceive everyone, apart from Musa (as)

and those who believed in him. However, his evidence broke the spell, or "swallowed up what they

had forged," as the verse puts it:

We revealed to Musa: "Throw down your staff." And it immediately swallowed up what they

had forged. So the Truth took place and what they did was shown to be false. (Surat al-A'raf, 117-

8)

As we can see, when people realized that a spell had been cast upon them and that what they

saw was just an illusion, Pharaoh's magicians lost all credibility. In the present day too, unless those

who, under the influence of a similar spell, believe in these ridiculous claims under their scientific

disguise and spend their lives defending them, abandon their superstitious beliefs, they also will be

humiliated when the full truth emerges and the spell is broken. In fact, world-renowned British

writer and philosopher Malcolm Muggeridge, who was an atheist defending evolution for some 60

years, but who subsequently realized the truth, reveals the position in which the theory of evolu-

tion would find itself in the near future in these terms:

I myself am convinced that the theory of evolution, especially the extent to which it's been applied,

will be one of the great jokes in the history books in the future. Posterity will marvel that so very

flimsy and dubious an hypothesis could be accepted with the incredible credulity that it has.20

That future is not far off: On the contrary, people will soon see that "chance" is not a deity, and

will look back on the theory of evolution as the worst deceit and the most terrible spell in the world.

That spell is already rapidly beginning to be lifted from the shoulders of people all over the world.

Many people who see its true face are wondering with amazement how they could ever have been

taken in by it.

The Decept ion of Evolut ion

Adnan Oktar 215

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The Skul ls That Demol ish Darwinism

216 Harun Yahya

From the moment a person is born, he becomes subject to the steady indoc-

trination of the society. Part of this indoctrination, possibly the most persua-

sive, holds that reality is what the hands can touch and the eyes can see. This un-

derstanding, which is quite influential in the majority of the society, is carried without question

from one generation to another.

But without being subjected to any indoctrination, a moment of objective thought would make

one realize an astonishing fact:

Everything we confront from the moment we come into existence-human beings, animals,

flowers, their colors, odors, fruits, tastes of fruits, planets, stars, mountains, stones, buildings,

space-are perceptions presented to us by our five senses. To further clarify this, it will help to exam-

ine the senses, the agents that provide us with information about the exterior world.

All of man's sensory faculties-sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch-function in the same way.

Stimuli (lights, sounds, smells, tastes, textures) from objects in the external world are carried

through nerves to the sensory centers in the brain. All these stimuli that reach the brain consist of

electric signals. For example, during the process of vision, light rays (or photons) radiating from

sources in the exterior world reach the retina at the back of the eye and, through a series of process-

es, are transformed into electric signals. These signals are transferred along nerves to the brain's vi-

sion center. There, a colorful, bright and three-dimensional world is perceived with-

in the space of a few cubic centimeters.

The same system applies to other senses as well. Cells on the surface of the

tongue transform chemical traces into electric signals that become tastes.

Odors are transformed into electric signals by cells in the epithelium of the

nose. Special sensors lodged beneath the skin transform impulses of

touch (such as the sensations of hardness or softness) into electric sig-

nals, and a special mechanism in the ear does the same with sound. All

these signals are sent to appropriate centers in the brain, where they are

perceived.

WHO SEES?

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Who Sees?

Adnan Oktar 217

To clarify the point, assume that you're drinking a glass of lemonade. The hard, cool surface

of the glass you're holding is transformed into electric signals by special receptors under your skin

and sent to the brain. Simultaneously, the smell of the lemonade, its taste, and yellowish color all

become signals that reach the brain. Likewise, the clink you hear when the glass touches the table

is perceived by the ear and transmitted to the brain as an electric signal. All these perceptions are

interpreted in the brain's relevant centers, which work harmoniously with one another. As a cumu-

lative result of these impulses, you sense that you are drinking a glass of lemonade.

Concerning this important fact, consider the thoughts of B. Russell and L. J. J. Wittgenstein,

two famous philosophers:

For instance, whether a lemon truly exists or not and how it came to exist cannot be questioned and

investigated. A lemon consists merely of a taste sensed by the

tongue, an odor sensed by the nose, a color and shape sensed by

the eye; and only these features of it can be subject to examina-

tion and assessment. Science can never know the physical

world.21

In other words, it is impossible for us to reach the physical

world. All objects we're in contact with are actually collection of

perceptions such as sight, hearing, and touch. Throughout

our lives, while processing the data in the sensory centers,

we confront not the "originals" of the matter existing out-

side us, but rather copies inside our brain. At this point,

we are misled to assume that these copies are instan-

ces of real matter outside us.

This obvious fact has been proven by science to-

day. Any scientist would tell you how this system

works, and that the world we live in is really an aggregate

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of perceptions formed in our brains. The English physicist John Gribbin states that our sens-

es are an interpretation of stimulations coming from the external world-as if there were a

tree in the garden. He goes on to say that our brain perceives the stimulations that are

filtered through our senses, and that the tree is only a stimulation. So, he then asks,

which tree is real? The one formed by our senses, or the tree in the garden?22

No doubt, this reality requires profound reflection. As a result of

these physical facts, we come to the following indisputable conclu-

sion: Everything we see, touch, hear, and call "matter," "the world"

or "the universe" is nothing more than electrical signals interpret-

ed in our brain. We can never reach the original of the matter out-

side our brain. We merely taste, hear and see an image of the ex-

ternal world formed in our brain.

In fact, someone eating an apple confronts not the actual fruit,

but its perceptions in the brain. What that person considers to be an ap-

ple actually consists of his brain's perception of the electrical information concerning the

fruit's shape, taste, smell, and texture. If the optic nerve to the brain were suddenly severed, the

image of the fruit would instantly disappear. Any disconnection in the olfactory nerve traveling from

receptors in the nose to the brain would interrupt the sense of smell completely. Simply put, that ap-

ple is nothing but the interpretation of electrical signals by the brain.

Also consider the sense of distance. The empty space between you and this page is only a sense

of emptiness formed in your brain. Objects that appear distant in your view also exist in the brain.

For instance, someone watching the stars at night assumes that they are millions of light-years away,

yet the stars are within himself, in his vision center. While you read these lines, actually you are not

inside the room you assume you're in; on the contrary, the room is inside you. Perceiving your body

makes you think that you're inside it. However, your body, too, is a set of images formed inside your

brain.

MMiilllliioonnss ooff CCoolloorrss iinn aa PPiittcchh--BBllaacckk LLooccaattiioonn

Considering this subject in greater detail reveals some even more extraordinary truths. Our sense

centers are located in the brain, a three-pound piece of tissue. And this organ is protected inside an

array of bones called the skull, which neither light, nor sound, nor odors can penetrate. The inside of

the skull is a dark, silent place where all smells are absent.

But in this place of complete darkness occur millions of color shades and sound tones, as well

countless different tastes and smells.

So how does this happen?

What makes you perceive light in a location without light, odors in a place without smell, sounds

in total silence and the objects of all other senses? Who created all of this for you?

In every moment of your life, a variety of miracles take place. As mentioned earlier, anything

your senses can detect in this room you're in, are sent as electrical signals to your brain, where they

then combine. Your brain interprets them as a view of a room. Put another way, while you assume

The Skul ls That Demol ish Darwinism

218 Harun Yahya

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that you are sitting in this room, that room is actually inside you, in your brain. The "place" where the

room is assembled and perceived is small, dark, and soundless. And yet a whole room or a whole

landscape, regardless of its size, can fit into it. Both a narrow closet and a wide vista of the sea are per-

ceived in the exact same place.

Our brains interpret and attribute meaning to the signals relating to the "external world." As an

example, consider the sense of hearing. It's our brain that in fact interprets and transforms the sound

waves into a symphony. That is to say, music is yet another perception created by our brain. In the

same manner, when we perceive colors, what reaches our eyes is merely light of different wave-

lengths. Again, it's our brain that transforms these signals into colors. There are no colors in the "ex-

ternal world"; neither is an apple red, nor the sky blue, nor the leaves green. They appear as they do

simply because we perceive them to be so.

Even a slight defect in the eye's retina can cause color blindness. Some sufferers perceive blue and

green as the same, some red as blue. At this point, it does not matter whether or not the outside ob-

ject is colored.

The prominent thinker George Berkeley also addresses this fact:

At the beginning, it was believed that colors, odors, etc., "really exist," but subsequently such views

were renounced, and it was seen that they only exist in dependence on our sensations.23

In conclusion, the reason we see objects in colors is not because they are actually colored or have

a material existence in the outer world. The truth, rather, is that the qualities we ascribe to objects are

all inside us.

And this, perhaps, is a truth you have never considered before.

Who Sees?

Adnan Oktar 219

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MMaannkkiinndd''ss LLiimmiitteedd KKnnoowwlleeddggee

One implication of the facts described so far is that actually, man's knowledge of the external world

is exceedingly limited.

That knowledge is limited to our five senses, and there is no proof that the world we perceive by

means of those senses is identical to the "real" world.

It may, therefore, be very different from what we perceive. There may be a great many dimensions

and other beings of which we remain unaware. Even if we reach the furthermost extremities of the uni-

verse, our knowledge will always remain limited.

Almighty God, the Creator of all, has complete and flawless knowledge of all beings who, having

been created by God, can possess only the knowledge that He allows them. This fact is related in the

Qur'an thus:

God, there is no god but Him, the Living, the Self-Sustaining. He is not subject to drowsiness or

sleep. Everything in the heavens and the earth belongs to Him. Who can intercede with Him except

by His permission? He knows what is before them and what is behind them but they cannot grasp

any of His knowledge save what He wills. His Footstool encompasses the heavens and the Earth and

their preservation does not tire Him. He is the Most High, the Magnificent. (Qur'an, 2: 255)

WWhhoo IIss tthhee PPeerrcceeiivveerr??

In order to perceive, no external world is necessary. Given the right kind of stimulation to the brain,

sensations of touch, sight, and sounds, can be recreated in the brain. The best example of this process is

dreams.

During dreams, your body typically remains still

and motionless in a dark and quiet bedroom, and

your eyes remain shut. Neither light nor sound nor

any other stimuli from the exterior world is reaching

your brain for it to perceive. Yet in your dreams, you

still perceive experiences very similar to real life. In

your dreams you also get up and go to work, or go

on vacation and enjoy the warmth of the sun.

Furthermore, in dreams you never feel doubts

about the reality of what you experience. Only after

you wake up you realize your experiences were on-

ly dreams. You not only experience such feelings as

fear, anxiety, joy and sadness but also see different

images, hear sounds and feel matter. Yet there is no

physical source producing these sensations and per-

ceptions; you lie motionless inside a dark and quiet

room.

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220 Harun Yahya

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René Descartes, the renowned philosopher, offered the following reasoning on this surprising

truth about dreams:

In my dreams I see that I do various things, I go to many places; when I wake up, however, I see that

I have not done anything or gone anywhere and that I lie peacefully in my bed. Who can guarantee

to me that I do not also dream at the present time, further, that my whole life is not a dream?24

We are therefore looking at a manifest truth: There is no justification for our claiming that we es-

tablish direct contact with the original of the world that we claim to exist and to be living in.

IIss OOuurr BBrraaiinn DDiissttiinncctt ffrroomm tthhee OOuuttssiiddee WWoorrlldd??

If everything we know as the outside world is only perceptions produced internally, what about

the brain which we think does the seeing and hearing? Isn't it composed of atoms and molecules like

everything else? The brain, too, is a piece of tissue that we perceive through our senses. This being so,

what is it, if not the brain, that perceives everything-that sees, hears, touches, smells and tastes?

At this point, we face the obvious fact: that man, a being of consciousness who can see, feel, think

and exercise reason, is much more than a mere assemblage of atoms and molecules. What defines a

human being is the "soul" granted to him by God. Otherwise, it would be highly un-

reasonable to attribute his consciousness and other faculties to a three-pound

piece of flesh:

He Who has created all things in the best possible way. He com-

menced the creation of man from clay; then produced his seed

from an extract of base fluid; then formed him and

breathed His Spirit into him and gave you hearing, sight

and hearts. What little thanks you show! (Qur'an, 32: 7-9)

Who Sees?

Adnan Oktar 221

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TThhee BBeeiinngg NNeeaarreesstt ttoo UUss IIss GGoodd

Since a human being is not merely a lump of matter but a "soul," then who makes that soul feel

the sum of perceptions which we call the external world? Who continues to create all these perceptions,

ceaselessly?

The answer is obvious. God, Who breathed into man His spirit, is the Creator of all things. He

is also the real source of all perceptions. The existence of anything is possible only through God's cre-

ation. God informs us that He creates continuously and that whenever He stops creating, everything

will disappear:

God keeps a firm hold on the heavens and the Earth, preventing them from vanishing away. And if

they vanished no one could then keep hold of them. Certainly He is Most Forbearing, Ever-

Forgiving. (Qur'an, 35: 41)

This verse is describing how the material universe is maintained under the might of God. God cre-

ated the universe, the Earth, mountains, and all living and non-living things, and maintains all these

under His power at every moment. God manifests His name al-Khaliq in this material universe. God

is al-Khaliq, in other words, the Creator of all things, the Creator from nothing. This shows that there

is a material universe, outside our brains, consisting of entities created by God. However, as a miracle

and manifestation of the superior nature of His creation and His omniscience, God shows us this ma-

terial universe in the form of an “illusion,” “shadow,” or “image.” As a consequence of the perfection

in His creation, human beings can never reach the world outside their brains. Only God knows this re-

al material universe.

Another interpretation of the above verse is that God constantly maintains the images of the ma-

terial universe that people see. (God knows best.) If God wished not to show us the image of the world

in our minds, the entire universe would disappear for us, and we could never again make contact with

it.

Faced with such facts, one must conclude that the only absolute being is God, Who encompasses

everything in the heavens and the Earth:

What! Are they in doubt about the meeting with their Lord? What! Does He not encompass all

things! (Qur'an, 41: 54)

Both East and West belong to God, so wherever you turn, the Face of God is there. God is All-

Encompassing, All-Knowing. (Qur'an, 2: 115)

What is in the heavens and in the Earth belongs to God. God encompasses all things. (Qur'an, 4:

126)

When We said to you, "Surely your Lord encompasses the people with His knowledge"… (Qur'an,

17: 60)

… His Footstool encompasses the heavens and the Earth and their preservation does not tire Him.

He is the Most High, the Magnificent. (Qur'an, 2: 255)

God's knowledge and ability surrounds us from the front and back, from right and left-that is to

say, He encompasses us completely. He observes us everywhere, at every moment. He holds absolute

control over us, from inside and outside. He, the Owner of infinite might, is closer to all of us than our

own jugular veins.

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222 Harun Yahya

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CCoonncclluussiioonn

It is of the utmost importance to understand correctly the secret beyond matter explained in this

chapter. Mountains, plains, flowers, people, seas-briefly everything we see and everything that God in-

forms us in the Qur'an that exists and that He created out of nothing is created and does indeed exist.

However, people cannot see, feel or hear the real nature of these beings through their sense organs.

What they see and feel are only their copies that appear in their brains. This is a scientific fact taught

at all schools of medicine. The same applies to the book you are reading now; you can not see nor touch

the real nature of it. The light coming from the original book is converted by some cells in your eyes

into electrical signals, which are then conveyed to the visual center in the back of your brain. This is

where the view of this book is created. In other words, you are not reading a book which is before your

eyes through your eyes; in fact, this book is created in the visual center in the back of your brain. The

book you are reading right now is a “copy of the book” within your brain. The original book is seen by

God.

It should be remembered, however, that the fact that the matter is an illusion formed in our brains

does not “reject” the matter, but provides us information about the real nature of the matter: that no

person can have connection with its original. Moreover, the matter outside is seen not just by us, but

by other beings too. The angels God delegated to be watchers witness this world as well:

And the two recording angels are recording, sitting on the right and on the left. He does not utter a

single word, without a watcher by him, pen in hand! (Qur'an, 50: 17-18)

Most importantly, God sees everything. He created this world with all its details and sees it in all

its states. As He informs us in the Qur'an:

… Heed God and know that God sees what you do. (Qur'an, 2: 233)

Say: "God is a sufficient witness be-

tween me and you. He is certainly

aware of and sees His servants."

(Qur'an, 17: 96)

It must not be forgotten that

God keeps the records of every-

thing in the book called Lawh

Mahfuz (Preserved Tablet). Even if we

don't see all things, they are in the Lawh

Mahfuz. God reveals that He keeps every-

thing's record in the "Mother of the Book" called

Lawh Mahfuz with the following verses:

It is in the Source Book with Us, high-exalted, full

of wisdom. (Qur'an, 43: 4)

… We possess an all-preserving Book.

(Qur'an, 50: 4)

Certainly there is no hidden thing in ei-

ther heaven or Earth which is not in a

Clear Book. (Qur'an, 27: 75)

Who Sees?

223

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Evolution: Grounds for Doubt", Nature, vol 258, 389.14. "Could science be brought to an end by scientists'belief that they have final answers or by society's reluc-tance to pay the bills?" Scientific American, December1992, p. 20.15. Alan Walker, Science, vol. 207, 7 March 1980, p.1103; A. J. Kelso, Physical Antropology, 1st ed., J. B.Lipincott Co., New York, 1970, p. 221; M. D. Leakey,Olduvai Gorge, vol. 3, Cambridge University Press,Cambridge, 1971, p. 272.16. Jeffrey Kluger, "Not So Extinct After All: ThePrimitive Homo Erectus May Have Survived Long EnoughTo Coexist With Modern Humans," Time, 23 December1996.17. S. J. Gould, Natural History, vol. 85, 1976, p. 30.18. Solly Zuckerman, Beyond The Ivory Tower, p. 19.19. Richard Lewontin, "The Demon-Haunted World,"The New York Review of Books, January 9, 1997, p. 28.20. Malcolm Muggeridge, The End of Christendom,Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1980, p. 43.21. Orhan Hancerlioglu, Dusunce Tarihi (The History ofThought), (Istanbul: Remzi Bookstore, 6th edition, 1995)p. 447.22. John Gribbin, In the Search of the Big Bang; Taflk›nTuna, Uzay›n Otesi (Far Beyond the Universe), p. 19423. Treaties Concerning the Principle of HumanKnowledge, 1710, Works of George Berkeley, vol.1, ed.A. Fraser, Oxford, 187124. Macit Gökberk, Felsefe Tarihi (History ofPhilosophy), p. 263

FOOTNOTES: