Gtu topic 1_introduction to biomedical instrumentation
Aug 16, 2015
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
- 1. Compiled By: Prof. G B Rathod ET department-BVM College, Email: [email protected] INTRODUCTION TO BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEM
- 2. TOPIC OUTLINES THE AGE OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT OF BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION BIOMETRICS INTRODUCTION TO MAN INSTRUMENT SYSTEM COMPONENTS OF MAN INSTRUMENT SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF BODY TOPIC OUTCOME QUESTIONS REFERENCES 7/13/20152 BVM ET, BMI(171006)
- 3. THE AGE OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING It is a technology of this era. Near to 1970s,was the decade when this field get rapid progress. We can define it such that, Bio means its related to life. There are many inter disciplines also. E.g. Biochemistry, Biophysics,Biomechanics,Bioelectronics, Bioinstrumentations etc committees have been form to define this terms The different committees provided various definitions of this field.. One of the definition is .. 7/13/20153 BVM ET, BMI(171006)
- 4. THE AGE OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING Bioengineering be defined as application of the knowledge gained by a cross fertilization of engineering and the biological sciences so that both will be more fully utilized for the benefit of man(woman or human). Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation ( AAMI). Biomedical equipment technician(BMET) The other titles have been used, hospital engineer and medical engineer. Biomedical instrumentation is the methods of measurement within the filed. Other problem is communication gape between the engineers and the doctors.( Appendix are given in the book) 7/13/20154 BVM ET, BMI(171006)
- 5. DEVELOPMENT OF BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION At the early as the nineteenth century- Einthoven used first time a ECG. Due to lake of instruments such as amplifiers and recorders the progress so slow during 1950s. Physiological parameters can not be measure as physical parameters. During next decade the because of high cost of instruments and also medical staff were suspicious of the new equipments and often uncooperative. During the Mercury , Gemini and Apollo program of NASA, Large help was provided to design such medical instruments. After that universities, hospitals, colleges and researchers are started more working in this field. 7/13/20155 BVM ET, BMI(171006)
- 6. BIOMETRICS The branch of science that includes the measurement of physiological variables and parameters is known as biometrics. Sensors and Transducers are useful for making of measuring instruments related to body. For designing of medical instrumentation systems, few factors are to be considered. (1) Range, (2) Sensitivity, (3) Linearity, (4) Hysteresis, (5) Frequency Response, (6) Accuracy, (7) Signal to Nosie Ratio, (8) Stability, (9) Isolation, (10) Simplicity. 7/13/20156 BVM ET, BMI(171006)
- 7. BIOMETRICS RANGE : All the levels of input operated and the reading provided by that instruments which is smallest to largest(maximum) values is called a range of the instruments. SENSITIVITY: The sensitivity of an instrument determines how small a variation of a variable of parameter can be reliably measured. LINEARITY: The degree to which variations in the output of an instrument follow input variations is referred to as the linearity of the device. 7/13/20157 BVM ET, BMI(171006)
- 8. BIOMETRICS HYSTERESIS: Hysteresis is a characteristic of some instruments where by a given value of the measured variable results in a different reading when reached in ascending direction from that obtained when it is reached in a descending direction. FREQUENCY RESPONSE: The frequency response of an instrument is its variation in sensitivity over the frequency range of the measurement. ACCURACY: Accuracy is a measure of systemic error. SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO: Its a ratio of signal power to noise power and it should be as high as possible. In hospital generally power line noise act an interference. 7/13/20158 BVM ET, BMI(171006)
- 9. BIOMETRICS STABILITY: In control engineering, stability is the ability of a system to resume a steady state condition following a disturbance at the input rather than be driven into uncontrollable oscillation. SIMPLICITY: All systems and instruments should be as simple as possible to eliminate the chance of component or human error. 7/13/20159 BVM ET, BMI(171006)
- 10. INTRODUCTION TO THE MAN- INSTRUMENT SYSTEM Unknown system called a black box. Human body is a living box. Within this box can be found electrical , mechanical, acoustical, thermal, chemical, optical, hydraulic, pneumatic and many other types of systems, all interacting with each other. Many difficulties to measure a physical parameters. The system which includes both the human organism and the instrumentation required for measurement of the human is called the man- instrument system. 7/13/201510 BVM ET, BMI(171006)
- 11. INTRODUCTION TO THE MAN- INSTRUMENT SYSTEM Any instrumentation systems generally following the major categories like 1. Information gathering 2. Diagnosis 3. Evaluation 4. Monitoring 5. Control Clinical Instrument and research instruments. Two types of measurements.. (1) Vivo( inside the body) (2) Vitro(Out side the Body) 7/13/201511 BVM ET, BMI(171006)
- 12. COMPONETNTS OF THE MAN INSTRUMENT SYSTEM Block diagram of Man-Instrument System. 7/13/201512 BVM ET, BMI(171006) Block diagram of Man-Instrument system
- 13. PHYSIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS OF THE BODY 7/13/201513 BVM ET, BMI(171006) Communication of Man with his environment
- 14. PHYSIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS OF THE BODY The biochemical system: The human body has within it an integrated conglomerate of chemical systems that produce energy for the activity of the body, messenger agents for communication, materials for body repair and growth, and substances required to carry out the various body functions. The cardiovascular system: Heart( Hydraulic system) The respiratory system: Pneumatic system The nervous system 7/13/201514 BVM ET, BMI(171006)
- 15. TOPIC OUTCOMES 7/13/2015BVM ET, BMI(171006)15 We come to know the necessity of this technology. The field with great research opportunity. The benefits of the biomedical engineering and in that the understanding of the various instruments parameters. The basic understanding of human body and the various parameters that can be measure using this technology.
- 16. QUESTIONS? 7/13/2015BVM ET, BMI(171006)16 ?
- 17. REFERENCE 7/13/2015BVM ET, BMI(171006)17 Book: Biomedical instrumentation and measurements ,by L. Cromwell, F .Weibell, and E. Pfeiffer. PHI publication 2nd Edition.
- 18. 7/13/2015BVM ET, BMI(171006)18 THANK YOU
Related Documents
