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Greek Theater Western Civilization
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Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Mar 27, 2015

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Jessica McCullough

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Page 1: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Greek Theater

Western Civilization

Page 2: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The Greek Theater

5th Century B. C.

Golden Age of Greek Drama

Dramatic festivals were popular

People witnessed tragic and comic plays

Page 3: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Overview of Greek TheatreThe landThe myths

The stage

Page 4: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The Land

Greece has thousands of inhabited islands and dramatic mountain ranges

Greece has a rich culture and history

Democracy was founded in Greece

Patriarchal (male dominated) society

Philosophy, as a practice, began in Greece (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle)

Page 5: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The LandLocated in Europe in the Aegean Sea

Page 6: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.
Page 7: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The Land

Page 8: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Overview of Greek Theatre

The landThe myths

The stage

Page 9: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The Stage

Page 10: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The StageThree Main Portions of Greek Theatre:

Skene – Portion of stage where actors performed (included 1-3 doors in and out)

Orchestra – “Dancing Place” where chorus sang to the audience

Theatron – Seating for audience

Page 11: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The Stage

Page 12: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The StageGreek plays were performed during religious ceremonies held in honor of Dionysus, the Greek god of wine and revelry (altars generally on stage)

Banks would shut down for days, people would travel from all around to see the drama competitions—even prisoners were temporarily released to see the plays

Tragedy means “goat song” (relates to Dionysian rituals)

Page 13: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The Stage

Page 14: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Where and how were the dramas performed?

…In an amphitheatre

…With a chorus who described most of the action.

…With masks

…With all the fighting and movement going on off stage.

….With tragedy first, then comedy later.

Page 15: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Masks of Greek Theater

Page 16: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The masks were worn for many reason including:

1. Visibility2. Acoustic Assistance3. Few Actors, Many Roles4. Characterization

Page 17: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Some general categories of masksSome general categories of masks

1. OLD MEN Smooth-Faced, White, Grizzled, Black-Haired, Flaxen and More Flaxen2. YOUNG MENCommon, Curled, More Curled, Graceful, Horrid, Pale and Less Pale3. SLAVESLeathern, Peaked-Beard, Flat Nose4. WOMENFreed Old Woman, Old Domestic, Middle Aged, Leathern, Pale-Disheveled, Pale Middle Aged, Whorish-Disheveled, Virgin, Girl5. SPECIALIST MASKSSome made for specific characters, others for: Mourning, Blindness, Deceit, Drunkenness...etc. (The comic masks, those especially of old comedy, were as like as possible to true persons they represented, or made to appear more ridiculous)

Page 18: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.
Page 19: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Masks of Greek Theater

Page 20: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.
Page 21: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Masks of Greek

Theater

Page 22: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Modern-day replicas

Hero-King

Comedy (Servant or Herald )

Tragedy (Weeping Chorus)

Page 23: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Theater at Epidaurus

Page 24: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Theater at Epidaurus

Page 25: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Major Greek Dramatists

Aeschylus 524 B.C. Seven Against Thebes

Sophocles 496 B.C. Antigone

Oedipus

Euripides 480 B.C. Medea

Dramatist Born Wrote

Page 26: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Sophocles’ AntigoneSet in Thebes (a city in ancient Greece)Antigone is the daughter of Oedipus and JocastaAntigone’s brothers, Eteokles and Polyneces, took opposite sides in a warEteokles and Polyneces killed each other in battleAntigone’s uncle, Kreon, became king of Thebes

Page 27: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Sophocles

Page 28: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.
Page 29: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Greek Comedy and Aristophanes

Page 30: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.
Page 31: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Euripides’ MedeaMedea is a princess from ColchisMedea marries Jason, who is in Colchis on a quest for the Golden FleeceMedea betrays her father and murders her brother for her love of JasonMedea has magical powersJason takes Medea back to his homeland, Corinth, where they have childrenJason takes another wife, the king of Corinth’s daughter

Page 32: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Jason’s Voyage on the Argo

Jason and Medea meet

Corinth: Where Jason and Medea settle down

Page 33: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Overview of Greek TheatreThe land

The myths

The stage

Page 34: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Myths played a key rolein Greek drama

Page 35: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The Myths – Why they were written

1. Explained the unexplainable

2. Justified religious practices

3. Gave credibility to leaders

4. Gave hope

5. Polytheistic (more than one god)

6. Centered around the twelve Olympians (primary Greek gods)

Page 36: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Explained the Unexplainable

When Echo tried to get Narcissus to love her, she was denied.

Saddened, she shriveled to nothing, her existence melting into a rock.

Only her voice remained.

Hence, the echo!

Page 37: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

To justify religious practices

Dionysian cults in ancient Greece were founded to worship Dionysus, god of grapes, vegetation, and wine.

Page 38: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Roots in Worship of Dionysus

God of wine and revelry

Page 39: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Theater of DionysusDionysia was an annual festival in honor of the god DionysusTheater of Dionysus was an open-air Theater with room for fifteen thousand spectators

Page 40: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Theater of Dionysus

carved out of a stone hillside looked like a semicircle with steeply rising tiers of seats

Page 41: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Theater of Dionysus

Page 42: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Theater of Dionysus

At the bottom was the rounded orchestra or performance area where the chorus sang and danced

Page 43: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Dionysus Theater in Athens

Page 44: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Theater of Dionysus

Behind the orchestra was an open, almost bare, stage where actors spoke their lines from behind huge masks

Page 45: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Dionysus Theater in Athens

Page 46: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Dionysus Theater in Athens

Page 47: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Theater of Dionysus

Male actors performed all the rolesActors switched masks to play a number of roles – both female and male

Page 48: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Dionysus and Satyrs

Page 49: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

To give credibility to leaders

Used myths to create family trees for their

leaders, enforcing the made-up idea that the emperors were related to the

gods and were, then, demigods.

Page 50: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

To give hope

The ancient citizens of Greece would sacrifice and pray to an ORACLE.

An oracle was a priest or priestess who would send a message to the gods from mortals who brought their requests.

Where DID hope come from?

After unleashing suffering, famine, disease, and many other evils, the last thing Pandora let

out was HOPE.

Page 51: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Oracle of Delphi

Page 52: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Oracle of Delphi

Page 53: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Delphi

Page 54: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Delphi

Page 55: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Mount Olympus……Where the

Olympians lived.

Who are the Olympians?

Page 56: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The Olympians Are the 12 Main Gods

Page 57: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The OlympiansThe Olympians

Page 58: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Zeus

King of gods

Heaven

Storms

Thunder

lightning

Page 59: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Poseidon

Zeus’s brother

King of the sea

Earthquakes

Horses

Page 60: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Hades

Brother to Zeus and Poseidon

King of the Underworld (Tartarus)

Husband of Persphone

Page 61: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

AresGod of war

Page 62: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Hephaestus

God of fire

Craftspeople

Metalworkers

Artisans

Page 63: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Apollo

God of the sun

Music

Poetry

Fine arts

Medicine

Page 64: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Hermes

Messenger to the gods

Trade

Commerce

Travelers

Thieves & scoundrels

Page 65: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Dionysus

God of Wine

Partying (Revelry)

Page 66: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Hera

Queen of gods

Women

Marriage

Childbirth

Page 67: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Demeter

Goddess of Harvest

Agriculture

Fertility

Fruitfulness

Mom to Persephone

Page 68: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Hestia

Goddess of Hearth

Home

Community

Page 69: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Athena

Goddess of wisdom

Practical arts

War

Page 70: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Aphrodite

Goddess of love and beauty

Page 71: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Artemis

Goddess of hunting and the moon.

Page 72: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The The StorylineStoryline

Page 73: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Central Character is of the Elite Class

Page 74: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Central Character suffers a Downfall

Page 75: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Central Character is

Neither Wholly good nor

wholly evil

Page 76: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Downfall is the result of a Fatal Flaw

Page 77: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Misfortunes involve

characters who are

related or who are friends

Page 78: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Tragic actions take place offstage

Page 79: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Central Character has a moment of recognition

Page 80: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Audience experiences pity and fear

Page 81: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

Pity and Fear leads to a catharsis

Page 82: Greek Theater Western Civilization. The Greek Theater 5 th Century B. C. Golden Age of Greek Drama Dramatic festivals were popular People witnessed tragic.

The EndThe End


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