GIS Based Oil Distribution System of Parco[PAK ARAB REFINERY] Ltd.Pakistan

GIS BASED OIL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OF PARCO LTD.PAKISTAN

BY Mr. Tasadduq Hussain E-Mail: [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


WHY GIS (Geographic Information Systems)?

GIS is a part of our life everyday and we may not even be aware of it. The roads you drive on are designed using GIS to analyze traffic volumes and other pertinent data to determine the best locations, materials, and maintenance schedules. The forests you drive by everyday are managed using GIS to analyze health issues, harvesting capabilities, reforestation opportunities, fire dangers, and more. Most utility companies rely on GIS to develop the infrastructure that allows their companies to function; water, electrical, phone and oil and gas lines are mapped , monitored, and analyzed all using GIS. Law enforcement is using GIS to plot and track crimes and correlate crime statistics helping to monitor and even predict the probability of a crime occurring.

WHAT IS GIS (Geographic Information Systems)?

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a computer-based tool used in a variety of industries to map and analyze where things exist and events happen on earth. GIS technology integrates common database operations such as query and statistical analysis with the unique visualization and geographic analysis benefits offered by maps. These abilities distinguish GIS from other information systems and make it valuable for use in a wide range of applications for explaining events, predicting outcomes, and planning strategies.Additionally, a GIS can be used to perform analytical operations to support decision-making processes, such as site suitability analyses for future landfills or soil erosion potential within a specific region. A GIS can also answer "what if...?" questions based on different scenarios and situations. A GIS can be used to automate existing operations (e.g., map production and maintenance), as well as provide enhanced capability to analyze geographic information for decision-making purposes. One of the most powerful features of a GIS is its ability to simultaneously use multiple discrete spatial data sets to answer questions that were previously impossible to answer using conventional mapping methods. By inputting spatial information into a GIS, we can query data based on its location in the real world. When we link our spatially referenced data to an existing database and query based on a geographic identifier and attribute, we add another dimension to our query, giving us results impossible to achieve from a database alone. Any organization, government private is in some way or another strongly linked to the geography in which it operates. A GIS that has been designed in a proper manner has the capability of providing quick and easy access to large volumes of data of these geographical features. The user can access & select information by area or by theme to merge one data set with another, to analyze spatial characteristics of data, to search for particular features, to update quickly and cheaply and asses alternatives.

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In simpler terms, GIS allows the user to understand geographic information in an easy manner without having to go through large volumes of confusing data that is in tabular form. Visualizing the geography of a particular location is no doubt easier that trying to analyze raw data.

The potential and substantial benefit of using GIS makes it a very important tool making the work of any organization easier and more productive. Some of the potential benefits of GIS are:

♦ Opportunity to reduce sets of manual maps held and associated storage costs.

♦ Faster and more extensive access to geographic information.

♦ Improved analysis e.g. of areas, distances, patterns, etc.

♦ Better communication of information to public officers, members.

♦ Improved quality of services.

♦ Better targeting and coordination of services.

♦ Improved productivity in providing public information.

♦ Improved efficiency in updating maps.

♦ The ability to track and monitor growth and development over time.

♦Improved ability to aggregate data for specific sub areas.

Thus GIS's have become indispensable tools for governance, commerce, and environmental and social science.

WHAT CAN GIS DO FOR US AND ITS APPLICATIONS?

GIS provides a commonly understood and powerful framework for collecting, organizing, and managing structured data. Many different types of data can be displayed on maps and a great deal of information can be summarized. The visual display of information can reveal patterns and relationship that may not be apparent in tabular displays. GIS is a tool that can assist program objectives through project planning, estimate creation, monitoring and evaluation, public information and donor reporting. Most simply, it can display information on a map and help staff to visualize projects. Information on a map is simply easier to read than in an Excel file.

a) GIS in Electric Power Generation System

Electricity is an essential part of our everyday lives. The electric distribution company is responsible to manage the power distribution system safely and efficiently, which deliver electric power from Area feeder to out service drops.In Pakistan, the main drawbacks of the distribution system are poor maintenance of the installed facilities, lack of planned network, and lack of monitoring and prevent losses and manual updating of consumer records etc.

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A transmission line is one of essential infrastructures of the power supply system. In the site evaluation process for those facilities, it is necessary to carefully consider not only technical issues, but also the impact on natural environment, the influence on local communities, and various regulations.GIS allows new processing methods to be used and provides high-qualitypresentation of processed data. These characteristics make it an unavoidable decision making tool in situations when data relevant to a decision include a spatial component. GIS is by no means a system that will give a final solution to a user, but it will provide the possibilities for a better and more organized analysis of information, which is a prerequisite for making quality decisions.

b) Project Planning

Maps help to layer information such as population, infrastructure and physical characteristics like rivers and mountains. They can also depict where projects have previously been implemented and what type. Displaying features like locations of public facilities in relation to proposed projects can add a new dimension to decision making. All of these maps provide representation of data and are valuable communication tools for program managers to use in decision-making.

c) EstimatesGIS has spatial computing capabilities. It can calculate the area of a village or agricultural plot, the length of a road, or the distance between point A and point B - such as the distance to a market. All of these factors can help to estimate the cost of projects.

d) Monitoring & EvaluationGIS can display projects on a map: completed, ongoing, and projected. It can also display amount spent, number of beneficiaries, and project type. This is a valuable tool for helping program staff to monitor and evaluate all projects. These maps can also be utilized for participatory monitoring and evaluation with the communities, to share and discuss with the communities, partners, and stakeholders. Thematic GIS maps are also very useful when evaluating a program or when doing specific case studies to assess a topic more in-depth.

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e) Public InformationGIS can be used for public information i.e. to make maps that show streets and names, stores, offices, markets, mosques and wells. These are valuable tools to provide to communities so they can make more informed decisions when proposing projects.

f) Find What's InsideUse GIS to monitor what's happening and to take specific action by mapping what's inside a specific area.

g) Find What's NearbyFind out what's occurring within a set distance of a feature by mapping what's nearby.

h) Map ChangeMap the change in an area to anticipate future conditions, decide on a course of action, or to evaluate the results of an action or policy.Map change to anticipate future needs. For example, a police chief might study how crime patterns change from month to month to help decide where officers should be assigned. Map conditions before and after an action or event to see the impact. A retail analyst might map the change in store sales before and after a regional ad campaign to see where the ads were most effective.

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i) Map DensitiesWhile you can see concentrations by simply mapping the locations of features, in areas with many features it may be difficult to see which areas have a higher concentration than others. A density map lets you measure the number of features using a uniform areal unit, such as acres or square miles, so you can clearly see the distribution.

j) Map Where Things AreMapping where things are lets you find places that have the features you're looking for, and to see where to take action.Find a feature—People use maps to see where or what an individual feature is. Finding patterns—Looking at the distribution of features on the map instead of just an individual feature, you can see patterns emerge.

A) Complete Project Snapshots

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Figure 1: Overall Snapshot of Project [1]

Figure 2: Overall Snapshot of Project [2]

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Figure 3: PARCO with SRTM Imagery [1]

Figure 4: PARCO with SRTM Imagery [2]

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Figure 5: Junction Stations at Different Locations

Figure 6: Future Projects of PARCO Ltd.

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Figure 7: PARCO Mid Country Refinery Mehmood Kot,Muzaffargarh

Figure 8: Satellite Imagery of PARCO Mid Country Refinery

B) GIS Analysis on Oil Distribution of PARCO LTD.

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Figure 9: PARCO Junction Stations Graph

Figure 10: PARCO Junction Stations Report

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Figure 11: PARCO 10 Kilometer Buffer Analysis on Junction Stations

Figure 12: White Oil Line 20 Kilometer Buffer Analysis

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Figure 13: Length Measure of White Oil Pipeline

Figure 14: Area Measure of PARCO Mid Country Refinery

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Figure 15: Identify PARCO Mid Country Refinery Analysis

a) Spatial Query on Junction Station

Figure 16: Junctions Station Query

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Figure 17: Junctions Station Query Result

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Figure 18: PARCO Karachi Junction Station Snapshot

Figure 19: PARCO Mid Country Refinery Snapshot

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Figure 20: PARCO Oil Distribution Map

Figure 21: PARCO Junction Stations Statistics

Figure 22: KMK & Refinery Relationship [1]

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Figure 23: Refinery & KMK Relationship [2]

b) Network Analysis on PARCO LTD

Figure 24: Closest Facilities Analysis

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Figure 25: PARCO Route Analysis

c) GeoCoding

Figure 26: PARCO Junction Stations Match Address[GeoCoding] Analysis

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d) Tracking/Temporal Analysis on PARCO LTD

Figure 27: Temporal Data Clock Chart

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Figure 28: PARCO Tarcking Analyst[1]



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e) 3D Analysis

Figure 32: PARCO Oil Distribution System in 3D[1]

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Figure 33: PARCO Oil Distribution System in 3D[2]

Figure 34: PARCO with SRTM Imagery[3]

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f) PARCO GIS Analysis on Google Earth

Figure 35: Google Earth Integration [1]


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Conclusion

GIS provides Oil companies with an extremely powerful, visually intuitive tool for publishing and referencing Oil data and images on the Desktop and web.

The integration of remote sensing with GIS techniques offers an effective tool for analysis.

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GIS Based Oil Distribution System of Parco[PAK ARAB REFINERY] Ltd.Pakistan

Documents

gis technology

potential benefits of

public information

spatial information

pertinent data

raw data

referenced data

structured data