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The GEOtop model: The GEOtop model: eco-hydrological eco-hydrological applications applications at plot and catchment at plot and catchment scale scale Institute for Alpine Environment G. Bertoldi, S. Della G. Bertoldi, S. Della Chiesa, Chiesa, S. Endrizzi, M. S. Endrizzi, M. Dall’Amico, E. Cordano, S. Dall’Amico, E. Cordano, S. Simoni, Simoni, U.Tappeiner, R. Rigon U.Tappeiner, R. Rigon Università di Trento Dip. Ing. Civile ed Ambientale QuickTime™ and a TIFF (LZW) decompress are needed to see this I° Riunione Gruppo di Lavoro SISEF Modellistica Forestale Workshop, Bologna, 18 Dicembre 2009 Università di Bologna, Facoltà di Agraria
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GEOtop Sisef presentation

Nov 18, 2014

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I° Riunione Gruppo di Lavoro SISEF Modellistica Forestale
Workshop, Bologna, 18 Dicembre 2009

The GEOtop model: eco-hydrological applications at plot and catchment scale.

G. Bertoldi, S. Della Chiesa, S. Endrizzi, M. Dall’Amico, E. Cordano, S. Simoni, U.Tappeiner, R. Rigon
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Page 1: GEOtop Sisef presentation

The GEOtop model: The GEOtop model:

eco-hydrological applications eco-hydrological applications

at plot and catchment scaleat plot and catchment scale

Institute for Alpine Environment

G. Bertoldi, S. Della Chiesa,G. Bertoldi, S. Della Chiesa,

S. Endrizzi, M. Dall’Amico, E. S. Endrizzi, M. Dall’Amico, E.

Cordano, S. Simoni,Cordano, S. Simoni,

U.Tappeiner, R. RigonU.Tappeiner, R. Rigon

Università di Trento Dip. Ing. Civile ed Ambientale

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

I° Riunione Gruppo di Lavoro SISEF Modellistica ForestaleWorkshop, Bologna, 18 Dicembre 2009

Università di Bologna, Facoltà di Agraria

Page 2: GEOtop Sisef presentation

ResearchResearchLand - vegetation - atmosphere Land - vegetation - atmosphere interactions.interactions.

EcohydrologyEcohydrology

CoupledCoupled surface energy and hydrological fluxes. surface energy and hydrological fluxes.

Different Different spatial scalesspatial scales (plot, catchments) (plot, catchments)

Focus: mountainsFocus: mountains • Effect of Effect of topographytopography on evapotranspiration and discharge partition. on evapotranspiration and discharge partition.• Spatial Spatial variabilityvariability (precipitation, land use, vegetation, topography). (precipitation, land use, vegetation, topography).

GoalsGoals Hydrological predictionsHydrological predictions mean and long range. mean and long range.

ImpactsImpacts of of land use land use and and climate changesclimate changes

on on hydrological cyclehydrological cycle and on and on terrestrial ecosystemsterrestrial ecosystems..

Increasing need of accurate modeling

capabilities !

Modeling: research goals

GEOGEOTOPTOP

MethodMethodSVAT SVAT ModelsModels

Rainfall-Runoff Rainfall-Runoff ModelsModels

DVM DVM ModelsModels

Page 3: GEOtop Sisef presentation

GeoTOP model overview (I)

Plot scale: Soil Vegetation Atmosphere Transfer (SVAT)

Rigon R., Bertoldi G. and Over T.M., GEOtop: A Distributed Hydrological Model with Coupled Water and Energy Budgets, Journal of Hydrometeorology, 7, 371-388, 2006.

Soil column water and energy budget

Figure adapted from (Liang, X. et al. 1994)

Page 4: GEOtop Sisef presentation

GEOtop model overview (II)

Land cover /

Vegetation

Soil moisture

Runoff production

Topography

Evapotranspiration

Climate

Catchment scale: distributed hydrological model

Figure adapted from (Abbott, M. B. et al. 1986)

SnowSnow

Page 5: GEOtop Sisef presentation

Landscape scale ecohydrological modeling

GeoTOP hydrological model

Landscape scale: remote sensing

Plot scale: ground

observations

Page 6: GEOtop Sisef presentation

On-going: dynamic vegetation

Plot scalePlot scale::

Integration of a DVM model to simulate Integration of a DVM model to simulate

grassland dynamic in alpine meadowsgrassland dynamic in alpine meadows

In collaboration with:In collaboration with:

Georg Wohlfahrt (Institute of Ecology Univ. of Innsbruck)Georg Wohlfahrt (Institute of Ecology Univ. of Innsbruck)

John D. Albertson (CEE, Duke University, USA)John D. Albertson (CEE, Duke University, USA)

Page 7: GEOtop Sisef presentation

Modeling surface fluxes : LST

Landscape scaleLandscape scale: :

Land Surface Temperature in an alpine Land Surface Temperature in an alpine catchment catchment

In collaboration with:In collaboration with:

Riccardo Rigon and his team (CUDAM, Univ. of Trento)Riccardo Rigon and his team (CUDAM, Univ. of Trento)

Stefano Endrizzi (University of Saskatchewan, Canada)Stefano Endrizzi (University of Saskatchewan, Canada)

Claudia Notarnicola (EURAC Remote Sensing Institute)Claudia Notarnicola (EURAC Remote Sensing Institute)

Page 8: GEOtop Sisef presentation

LST: spatial distribution comparison

GEOtop LST [oC]

R2 = 0.88

Model spatial patterns validation

LANDSAT LST [oC]

Page 9: GEOtop Sisef presentation

Topographic and land cover controls on surface energy Topographic and land cover controls on surface energy budgetbudget

LST: land cover controls

Page 10: GEOtop Sisef presentation

Landscape scaleLandscape scale: :

Modeling water cycle in the Matsch ValleyModeling water cycle in the Matsch Valley

Financed by:Financed by:

Province of Bolzano Research FoundProvince of Bolzano Research Found

Water cycle modeling

Page 11: GEOtop Sisef presentation

Network of 17 stations

for:

• Model validation

• Process analysis

• Scenarios analysis

Matsch valley research area

Transect stationsCatchment stationsRun-off measurements

Page 12: GEOtop Sisef presentation

Water cycle componentsWater cycle components

SWCSWC Soil Water ContentSoil Water Content

55 cm depth cm depth 20th June 200320th June 2003))

SWC

Runof

fGEOtop simulatio

nsET

SWE

ET Evapotranspiration

(ET mean June 2003)

2 w/m2

286 w/m2

SWE SWE Snow Water EquivalentSnow Water Equivalent

((1st Apr 20031st Apr 2003))

Runoff Runoff ((Hydrographic Hydrographic

office Province of office Province of Bolzano) Bolzano)

Page 13: GEOtop Sisef presentation

Soil water content

Soil Water ContentSoil Water Content Layer 1Layer 1 5 cm depth5 cm depth (zoom 20th June (zoom 20th June 2003)2003)

Interplay of:

• local climate • topography

soil properties • root water extraction

Page 14: GEOtop Sisef presentation

Effect of aspect (N/S)

Effect of elevation

1. topography / energy forcing

Effect of topographic convergence (hollow)

Effect of topographic divergence (dry ridge)

3. water distribution

Effect of land cover Effect of land cover (forest/grassland)(forest/grassland)

2. land cover

ET June 2003ET June 2003

2 w/m2 w/m22

LowLow

High High 286 w/m286 w/m22

Evapotranspiration

Page 15: GEOtop Sisef presentation

GEOtop is an Open Source collaborative projects and other are invited to bring

into new components

www.geotop.org

Page 16: GEOtop Sisef presentation

It is an ongoing group work …

University of Trento / Mountain-eering

• R. Rigon group:• S. Simoni:hillslope stability.• S. Endrizzi: snow-melt.• M. Dall’Amico: permafrost.

Spreading World-wide …

• Xujun Han, Cold and Arid Regions

Environmental and Engineering.

Research Institute, Chinese Academy of

Sciences.

• Cuell Charles, National Hydrology

Research Center, Canada.

• Stephan Gruber, University of Zürich.

EURAC research

• S. Della Chiesa: dynamic vegetation modeling (grasslands)

Page 17: GEOtop Sisef presentation

Related publications

Peer reviewed GEOtop publicationsPeer reviewed GEOtop publications- Bertoldi G., Notarnicola C., Leitinger G., Endrizzi S., Zebisch M., and Tappeiner U., Morphological and Bertoldi G., Notarnicola C., Leitinger G., Endrizzi S., Zebisch M., and Tappeiner U., Morphological and

ecohydrological controls on land surface temperature in an Alpine catchment, ecohydrological controls on land surface temperature in an Alpine catchment, Ecohydrology,Ecohydrology, under under revision.revision.

- Gebremichael, M., Rigon, R., Bertoldi, G., and Over, T. M.: On the scaling characteristics of observed and Gebremichael, M., Rigon, R., Bertoldi, G., and Over, T. M.: On the scaling characteristics of observed and simulated spatial soil moisture fields, Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 16, 141-150, 2009.simulated spatial soil moisture fields, Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 16, 141-150, 2009.

- Simoni, S., Zanotti, F., Bertoldi, G., Rigon, R., 2006: Modelling the probability of occurrence of shallow Simoni, S., Zanotti, F., Bertoldi, G., Rigon, R., 2006: Modelling the probability of occurrence of shallow landslides and channelized debris flows using GEOtop-SF, Hydrological Processes,. doi: 10.1002/hyp.6886, landslides and channelized debris flows using GEOtop-SF, Hydrological Processes,. doi: 10.1002/hyp.6886, 2007.2007.

- Rigon R., G. Bertoldi and T. M. Over, GEOtop: A Distributed Hydrological Model with Coupled Water and Rigon R., G. Bertoldi and T. M. Over, GEOtop: A Distributed Hydrological Model with Coupled Water and Energy Budgets., Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 7, No. 3, pages 371-388, 2006.Energy Budgets., Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 7, No. 3, pages 371-388, 2006.

- Bertoldi, G., R. Rigon and T. M. Over, Impact of Watershed Geomorphic Characteristics on the Energy and Bertoldi, G., R. Rigon and T. M. Over, Impact of Watershed Geomorphic Characteristics on the Energy and Water Budgets, Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 7, No. 3, pages 389-403, 2006.Water Budgets, Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 7, No. 3, pages 389-403, 2006.

- Zanotti F., S. Endrizzi, G. Bertoldi and R. Rigon, The GEOTOP snow module, Hydrol. Proc., 18, 3667-3679 Zanotti F., S. Endrizzi, G. Bertoldi and R. Rigon, The GEOTOP snow module, Hydrol. Proc., 18, 3667-3679 (2004), DOI 10.1002/hyp.5794.(2004), DOI 10.1002/hyp.5794.