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Slide 1
FULLDOME STANDARDS SUMMIT IPS 2004 Standardize Show
Creations
Slide 2
SUMMARY 1Video: Projection System Specifications 2Images:
Rendering, Resolution, Splitting 3Sound: Reproduction systems,
exchange format
Slide 3
1 Video: Projection System Specifications Video standards
Projection System Resolution Projection System Frequency
Slide 4
Video Standards PAL/SECAM720*57625fps NTSC720*480 30fps
HDTV->16/9 Format not adapted to 4/3 models used
Computer Frequency (cinema 24fps) 25fps (Historically ->PAL)
30fps (Historically ->NTSC) Projection Frequency 75Hz adapted to
25fps (cycle 3) 30fps acceptable to broadcast (cycle 3-2) 60Hz
adapted to 30fps (cycle 2) 25fps difficult to broadcast (cycle
3-2-3-2-2) Projection System Frequency
Slide 7
Resolution, Frequency and Rendering Time Rendering Time
according to the resolution Average on a P4 2.4GHz mono-processor
Rendering at 25fps instead of 30fps allows a 20% reduction of
rendering time and image storage
Fish-Eye Image Generation Direct Fish-Eye Rendering Hemi-cubic
Rendering Camera Rendering
Slide 10
Fish-Eye Resolution Approach Effective Pixels of the Projection
System Number of Channels * Video Resolution - 20% of soft-edge
Effective Pixels of the Fish-Eye image (square image) Area in
pixels of the circle in Image Height diameter 10% Increase
Slide 11
Fish-Eye Image Splitting To obtain a Fish-Eye image with one
file per channel Special Software creation Necessity to standardize
the different projection configurations Number of projectors
Hemispherical Screen Covering (165, 170, 180) Camera
Parameters
Slide 12
3 Sound: Reproduction System, Exchange Format Sound
Reproduction Systems File Format and Exchange
Slide 13
Reproduction Systems 5 + 1 7 + 1 Others -> Loudspeaker
standardization for a sound with the same quality anywhere in the
dome
Slide 14
Files Format and Dispatching PCM 48KHz (mono file: around 125Mb
for 25 minutes) Supplying of (= around 3.75 Gb): 7+1 with voice OV:
8 mono files 5+1 with voice OV: 6 mono files 7+1 without voice: 8
mono files 5+1 without voice: 6 mono files OV Voice: 1 stereo
file
Slide 15
Conclusion To Define a Standard: To take into account the world
market specifications The market must not adapt itself to the
standard, but the standard must adapt itself to the market It must
be always possible to adapt a standardized show to a non standard
planetarium