From Smart Homes to Smart Cities: An approach based on Internet-of-Things

FROM SMART HOMES TO SMART CITIES: AN APPROACH BASED ON INTERNET-OF-THINGS

A. TALAVARI1, C. PETROPOULOS1, A. FOTOPOULOS2

1. B.SC., COMPUTER SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION INSTITUTE OF PIRAEUS

2. M.SC., INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY, NATIONAL AND KAPODISTRIAN UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS

A DEFINITION OF SMART HOMES

“A dwelling incorporating a communications network that connects the key electrical appliances and services, and allows them to be remotely controlled, monitored or accessed” (l. Jiang Et.Al., 2004)

TECHNOLOGIES BEHIND SMART HOMES

BENEFITS OF SMARTHOMES

Security

• Smart security systems do a better job of preventing intrusions and home invasions

Energy Conservation

• Regulated light usage, monitoring heating &,cooling, and ensuring appliances are used when needed

Elderly Care

• Helping monitoring medications, call 911, and track caloric intake

Entertainment

• Television will display online activity and residents are able to listen music in any room Benefits of a Smart Home, Ebay,

2013

Smart

Cities

Homes

Parking

GridCommunication

Transportation

SMART TRANSPORTATION

• Economical, clean & environmental friendly cars.

• Urban car sharing fleets located near public transport hubs

• Supplement public transportation systems

Rich Maltzman, 2010

SMART PARKING

• Smartphone Apps can eliminate scenarios of circling city blocks looking for a parking space

• Users can locate, reserve and pay for unoccupied parking spaces on their phones or through their car’s navigation systems

• Ultimately, the concept can help cities better meet demand for parking while at the same time control urban congestion

Streetline, 2011

SMART COMMUNICATIONS

• Holyoke, Massachusetts teamed with Cisco in an attempt to transform the town into a smart and connected community

• Cisco’s to deliver urban services with a goal of generating new economic opportunities, improving education and bolstering population retention

• Cisco is working with police and fire departments to roll out an integrated radio interoperability system

SMART GRIDS

A smart grid is a modernized electrical grid

Analogue & digital technology to gather and act on information, such as information about the behaviors of suppliers and consumers

Can improve the efficiency, reliability, economics, and sustainability of the production and distribution of electricity

THE EVOLUTION OF SMART CITIES

• New cities, built smart from the start: these cities are designed to attract businesses and residents with a master plan that uses ICT to deliver efficient citizen benefit services.

• Existing cities made smart, smartization: This partial approach (step by step; with retrofits and upgrades) is followed by most cities.

• Purpose-driven cities: These are cities established with special purposes, e.g., industrial cities, science towns, etc.

ITU-T, 2013

CITIES TRYING TO BE SMART

• Chicago

• Rio de Janeiro

• Stockholm

• Boston

• Barcelona

• Hong Kong

• Seoul

• Lyon

• Eindhoven

• Vienna

• Aarhus

• Amsterdam

• Cairo

• Dubai 

• Edinburgh

• Trikala 

• And many more

INDUSTRY

Industry Initiatives:

• Cisco: Smart+Connected Communities

• Siemens: Green Cities

• IBM: Smarter Planet

• GE: Masdar Smart City

• Toshiba: Smart Community

ITU-T, 2013

RISKS CONCERNING SMART CITIES

• Human Over-population

• Quality of Life

• Human Identity

• Black Outs

• Security

• Privacy

• Lack of Standards

• Constant evolution

• Best-practice methodologies are yet to be developed

• Costs

THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME