Frame selection

FRAME SELECTIONFRAME SELECTION

OPTOM FASLU MUHAMMEDOPTOM FASLU MUHAMMED

The person aiding in selection must The person aiding in selection must have the ability to know what the have the ability to know what the frame will look like with lenses,& frame will look like with lenses,& how it will perform in fulfilling the how it will perform in fulfilling the wearer’s needs.wearer’s needs.

USING THE WEARER’S OLD USING THE WEARER’S OLD FRAMEFRAME There are a number of valid There are a number of valid

reasons for wanting to use the old reasons for wanting to use the old frame.frame.

These include cost, comfort of the These include cost, comfort of the old frames, and sometimes the old frames, and sometimes the inability of the wearer to look in inability of the wearer to look in the mirror with any other frame. the mirror with any other frame.

FACTORS TO CONSIDER BEFORE FACTORS TO CONSIDER BEFORE USING THE WEARER’S OLD FRAMEUSING THE WEARER’S OLD FRAME Putting new lenses in an old frame may Putting new lenses in an old frame may

involve putting additional stress on the involve putting additional stress on the frame.frame.

Older frames may not withstand that Older frames may not withstand that stress very well, particularly older stress very well, particularly older plastic frames that have become brittle plastic frames that have become brittle with age.with age.

It is hard to predict how long an old It is hard to predict how long an old frame will lastframe will last

If the old frame needs repairing in If the old frame needs repairing in the future, will there be parts the future, will there be parts available.available.

Usually people keep their old Usually people keep their old glasses as a backup spare pair in glasses as a backup spare pair in case they lose.case they lose.

COSMETIC COSMETIC CONSIDERATIONSCONSIDERATIONS Any new frame will represent a Any new frame will represent a

change and will look strange.change and will look strange. What is cosmetically correct for a What is cosmetically correct for a

given face must be related to given face must be related to whatever styles are in vogue.whatever styles are in vogue.

Frame shape & face shapeFrame shape & face shape Hair style can also alter the apparent Hair style can also alter the apparent

shape of the face.shape of the face. A well selected frame can increase A well selected frame can increase

the attractiveness of a facethe attractiveness of a faceFacial typesFacial typesFitter who has an understanding of Fitter who has an understanding of

facial shapes will know how a frame facial shapes will know how a frame will look before placing it on the face.will look before placing it on the face.

1.1. The oval face is The oval face is considered the ideal shape considered the ideal shape because of its mostly because of its mostly balanced proportionsbalanced proportions

2.2. Frames should maintain Frames should maintain the natural balance of the the natural balance of the oval faceoval face

Oval Face: Description

Generally, there are seven basic Generally, there are seven basic facial shapes:facial shapes:

1.1. Diamond-shaped faces are Diamond-shaped faces are narrow at the eye line and narrow at the eye line and the jaw line with a small the jaw line with a small forehead and chinforehead and chin

2.2. Cheekbones are frequently Cheekbones are frequently high and dramatic.high and dramatic.

Diamond Face: Description

3.3. The diamond is the The diamond is the rarest face shaperarest face shape

4.4. Frames should widen Frames should widen the forehead and jaw the forehead and jaw and minimize the and minimize the temples and temples and cheekbonescheekbones

Diamond Face: Description

1.1. The round face is full The round face is full with few angleswith few angles

2.2. The width and length The width and length are in roughly equal are in roughly equal proportionsproportions

3.3. Frames should make Frames should make the face appear longer the face appear longer and thinnerand thinner

Round Face: Description

1.1. The square face is The square face is characterized by a characterized by a strong jaw line, a broad strong jaw line, a broad forehead, and a wide forehead, and a wide chin and cheekboneschin and cheekbones

2.2. Frames should make Frames should make the face look longerthe face look longer

Square Face: Description

1.1. The base-down triangular The base-down triangular face has a narrow face has a narrow forehead that widens at forehead that widens at the cheek and chin areasthe cheek and chin areas

2.2. Frames should add width Frames should add width to the forehead while to the forehead while softening and narrowing softening and narrowing the appearance of the the appearance of the jaw, chin, and cheeksjaw, chin, and cheeks

3.3. The ideal face for glassesThe ideal face for glasses

Triangle Face: Description

1.1. The base-up triangular The base-up triangular face is characterized by a face is characterized by a very wide forehead and very wide forehead and high cheekbones which high cheekbones which narrows gradually to the narrows gradually to the chinchin

2.2. Frame should add width Frame should add width below the eye line to below the eye line to offset the narrow chinoffset the narrow chin

3.3. The worst face for The worst face for glassesglasses

Inverted Triangle Face: Description

1.1. The oblong face is one The oblong face is one that is longer than it is that is longer than it is widewide

2.2. Select a frame that is Select a frame that is deeper than it is wide to deeper than it is wide to create the illusion that the create the illusion that the face is shorterface is shorter

3.3. Frames should “break up” Frames should “break up” the length of the face to the length of the face to make the face appear make the face appear shorter and widershorter and wider

Oblong Face: Description

Fitting by face shapeFitting by face shapeBASIC FITTING FITTING SUGGESTIONBASIC FITTING FITTING SUGGESTIONFACIALFACIAL SHAPESSHAPESSHAPESSHAPESOval Normal May wear most any typeOval Normal May wear most any type

Oblong Long face Deep frame Oblong Long face Deep frame Low temple attachmentLow temple attachmentRound Wide face contrasting Narrow frame Round Wide face contrasting Narrow frame Square shapes High temple attachmentSquare shapes High temple attachment

Base down Erect (base Fit size to larger part of lower facial Base down Erect (base Fit size to larger part of lower facial

Triangular down) trian - areaTriangular down) trian - area gular face contrasting Dark colors or bolder look are in ordergular face contrasting Dark colors or bolder look are in orderInverted Inverted (base shapes Unobtrusive frame (metal or rimlessInverted Inverted (base shapes Unobtrusive frame (metal or rimlessTriangle up) works well)Triangle up) works well) Triangular face Light or medium weight frameTriangular face Light or medium weight frame Lighter color is in orderLighter color is in orderDiamond Rounded lens shapeDiamond Rounded lens shape Delicate characteristics of frame for Delicate characteristics of frame for

women women

Affecting the length of the Affecting the length of the faceface

For purposes of frame For purposes of frame selection, we are concerned selection, we are concerned with the vertical and with the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the horizontal dimensions of the frame, the roundness or frame, the roundness or squareness of the frame squareness of the frame shape, and the coloration of shape, and the coloration of the frame front.the frame front.

As a general rule, the longer As a general rule, the longer the face, the greater the the face, the greater the vertical depth.vertical depth.

The shorter the face, the smaller The shorter the face, the smaller the vertical depththe vertical depth

A deeper frame is more A deeper frame is more complimentary to a long face. complimentary to a long face.

Frame colorFrame colorHair color, skin color, feature size, and eye Hair color, skin color, feature size, and eye

color can all give valuable clues to the color can all give valuable clues to the suitability of eyewear colorsuitability of eyewear color

Facial featuresFacial featuresThe smaller and more delicate the features, The smaller and more delicate the features,

the lighter the frame color can be; the the lighter the frame color can be; the heavier the features, the darker the frame heavier the features, the darker the frame color allowable. color allowable.

Frame thicknessFrame thickness A man with large, broad face facial A man with large, broad face facial

features who is smaller in stature than features who is smaller in stature than would be expected for the ruggedness of would be expected for the ruggedness of the face. To help neutralize the effect of a the face. To help neutralize the effect of a head out of proportion to the body , a head out of proportion to the body , a frame weight lighter than normal might be frame weight lighter than normal might be used.used.

Children and women with childlike Children and women with childlike features are especially complimented by a features are especially complimented by a thin frame. thin frame.

Fitting by frame weightFitting by frame weightFrame weight indication forFrame weight indication for

Heavy large, broad featuresHeavy large, broad featuresMedium normal features,largeMedium normal features,large features,& small staturefeatures,& small stature Light small, delicate features,Light small, delicate features, women with childlike women with childlike features, children.features, children.

BRIDGE DESIGNBRIDGE DESIGN

To Shorten the To Shorten the NoseNose::

Choose a frame Choose a frame with a low or solid, with a low or solid, colored bridgecolored bridge

Avoid a keyhole Avoid a keyhole bridge, a high bridge, a high bridge, or a clear bridge, or a clear bridgebridge

To Lengthen the To Lengthen the Nose:Nose:

Choose a keyhole Choose a keyhole bridge, a high bridge, bridge, a high bridge, or a clear bridgeor a clear bridge

Avoid a frame with a Avoid a frame with a low or solid, colored low or solid, colored bridgebridge

To Narrow and To Narrow and Lengthen a Wide Lengthen a Wide Nose:Nose:

Use a clear or metal Use a clear or metal bridge that sits close bridge that sits close to the noseto the nose

Use nose padsUse nose pads

FITTING CONSIDERATIONSFITTING CONSIDERATIONS

Once the lens size and shape have Once the lens size and shape have been selected, the well-fitted been selected, the well-fitted frame rests in the choice of the frame rests in the choice of the proper bridge and the proper proper bridge and the proper temple style and lengthtemple style and length

The bridgeThe bridge The appropriate bridge is determined The appropriate bridge is determined

by its width, the position of its pads, by its width, the position of its pads, the frontal angle of the bridge at the the frontal angle of the bridge at the pads, the flare or splay angle of the pads, the flare or splay angle of the pads, and the vertical angle of the pads, and the vertical angle of the pads.pads.

The bridge selected should not allow The bridge selected should not allow the eyewires to ride on the cheeks.the eyewires to ride on the cheeks.

Significant nasal angles for Significant nasal angles for fittingfitting

If the nose is observed from the front, it If the nose is observed from the front, it will be noted that the two sides form a will be noted that the two sides form a frontal angle frontal angle with each other.with each other.

The angle with which each side deviates The angle with which each side deviates from the vertical is called frontal angle.from the vertical is called frontal angle.

The The splay anglesplay angle is seen as the nose widens is seen as the nose widens from front to back. It can be best from front to back. It can be best visualized as if viewed from above. visualized as if viewed from above.

Frontal angles Frontal angles It refers to the It refers to the

vertical position of vertical position of the pads in the pads in relation to each relation to each other when viewed other when viewed from the front from the front

The top should The top should closer than bottomcloser than bottom

Angling in toward Angling in toward each other each other approximately 20approximately 2000 from a true from a true vertical vertical

Splay angleSplay angle

Nose is wider at base than bridge, that Nose is wider at base than bridge, that the face of the pad should rest fully on the face of the pad should rest fully on the nosethe nose

It is apparent that the back edge of the It is apparent that the back edge of the pads should be further apart than the pads should be further apart than the front edge of the each pad, viewed front edge of the each pad, viewed from the top or the bottom is the splay from the top or the bottom is the splay angleangle

Initial alignment, a splay angle of 25 Initial alignment, a splay angle of 25 -30-300 0 is satisfactory is satisfactory

Vertical angleVertical angle This is important in ensuring proper This is important in ensuring proper

weight distribution under the pad weight distribution under the pad

Longitudinal axis of pad face is in Longitudinal axis of pad face is in contact with the nose surface contact with the nose surface

If pads are round no vertical angleIf pads are round no vertical angle

Glasses are positioned on the nose Glasses are positioned on the nose with proper pantoscopic angle with proper pantoscopic angle

A vertical angle of approx 15A vertical angle of approx 150 0 is is acceptable acceptable

Adjustable padsAdjustable pads

The full flat surfaces of the pads rest on the The full flat surfaces of the pads rest on the sides of the nose.sides of the nose.

The pads can be adjusted individually for The pads can be adjusted individually for each side of the nose.each side of the nose.

In selecting a frame with adjustable pads, the In selecting a frame with adjustable pads, the principal criteria are:principal criteria are:

1.1. The DBL should be such that the pads can be The DBL should be such that the pads can be easily set to rest on the sides of the nose.easily set to rest on the sides of the nose.

2. When heavy frames or lenses are being 2. When heavy frames or lenses are being selected, the following factors influence selected, the following factors influence pad comfort.pad comfort.

a.a. The inclination of the frontal angle of the The inclination of the frontal angle of the nose on which the pad surface will rest. nose on which the pad surface will rest. The closer to vertical the pad is, the The closer to vertical the pad is, the greater will be the pressure on the nose to greater will be the pressure on the nose to hold the frame in place.hold the frame in place.

b.b. If the surface of the pad is almost vertical, If the surface of the pad is almost vertical, it is best to use lightweight lenses. Pads it is best to use lightweight lenses. Pads made from silicone material do not trend made from silicone material do not trend to slip as much as regular plastic pads.to slip as much as regular plastic pads.

33. . In selecting a frame with an adjustable In selecting a frame with an adjustable bridge. Care must also be given to the bridge. Care must also be given to the type of pad arm and its attachment to type of pad arm and its attachment to the eyewear. Very short vertically the eyewear. Very short vertically attached pad arms. Such arms allow only attached pad arms. Such arms allow only very limited adjustment of the pads.very limited adjustment of the pads.

4. The center of gravity of a heavy frame is 4. The center of gravity of a heavy frame is closer to the front. If the pads are set closer to the front. If the pads are set closer to the frame front, the frame closer to the frame front, the frame moves closer to the face. This places the moves closer to the face. This places the center of gravity farther back, resulting in center of gravity farther back, resulting in the frame staying in place more easily.the frame staying in place more easily.

Children’s bridgesChildren’s bridges It has been found that in children It has been found that in children

between the ages of 3 and 18 yrs between the ages of 3 and 18 yrs there is only a slight change in the there is only a slight change in the crest angle of the nose the slope crest angle of the nose the slope from the crest to the tip of the nose. from the crest to the tip of the nose.

A larger pad or contact surface area A larger pad or contact surface area helps the frame sit better.helps the frame sit better.

Fitting temple stylesFitting temple stylesTemple style indicated for contraindicated forTemple style indicated for contraindicated forComfort cable active people Off and on wearComfort cable active people Off and on wearor riding bow jobs requiring unusualor riding bow jobs requiring unusual head positionshead positions young childrenyoung children Especially heavy fra -Especially heavy fra - mes and/or lensesmes and/or lensesStraight back Off and on wear Heavy lenses Straight back Off and on wear Heavy lenses Persons with parallel - Persons with parallel - sided nosessided noses Frames with week fronts Frames with week fronts

Skull Normal,everyday Jobs requiring unusual head Skull Normal,everyday Jobs requiring unusual head

wear positionswear positions

SELECTING FRAMES FOR THE SELECTING FRAMES FOR THE PROGRESSIVE ADDITION LENS WEARERPROGRESSIVE ADDITION LENS WEARER

A progressive addition lens wearer A progressive addition lens wearer needs a frame with:needs a frame with:

1.1. A minimal vertex distance.A minimal vertex distance.2.2. An adequate pantoscopic tilt.An adequate pantoscopic tilt.3.3. Sufficient vertical depth in the Sufficient vertical depth in the

nasal portion of the frame shape.nasal portion of the frame shape.

FITTING THE HIGH MINUS FITTING THE HIGH MINUS WEARERWEARER

USE AVOIDUSE AVOIDSmaller eye size Large lensesSmaller eye size Large lenses

If in B/w sizes, use the Excessive If in B/w sizes, use the Excessive decentration decentration

smaller indicated eye size smaller indicated eye size & larger indicated bridge size& larger indicated bridge size

Rounded corners Squared off cornersRounded corners Squared off corners

Low density (light wt) Crown glass lensesLow density (light wt) Crown glass lenses lenses if wt reduction islenses if wt reduction is importantimportant

Midindex or high index Low index lenses,suchMidindex or high index Low index lenses,suchlenses,such as polycarbonate as CR 39 plastic lenseslenses,such as polycarbonate as CR 39 plastic lenses or high index plasticor high index plastic

Antireflection coating or Frames that extend Antireflection coating or Frames that extend beyond beyond

a light tint the side of the wearer’sa light tint the side of the wearer’s headhead

Aspheric or atoric lenses Flat, non-AR coated Aspheric or atoric lenses Flat, non-AR coated front front

curvescurves

FITTING THE HIGH PLUS FITTING THE HIGH PLUS WEARERWEARER USE AVOIDUSE AVOIDSmaller eye size Large lensesSmaller eye size Large lenses

Rounded lens shapes unusual shapes & long Rounded lens shapes unusual shapes & long cornerscornersShort vertex distance Large vertex distancesShort vertex distance Large vertex distances

Adjustable (nose pad) Fixed bridges Adjustable (nose pad) Fixed bridges

bridges bridges

Cable or securely fitting Library & straight back Cable or securely fitting Library & straight back temples templestemples temples

High index plastics Glass & CR 39 lensesHigh index plastics Glass & CR 39 lenses

Reference Reference

System for ophthalmic dispensing System for ophthalmic dispensing (3(3rdrd edition ) edition )

Any doubts ??

Proficiency testProficiency test Which of the following is indicated Which of the following is indicated

and should be used when fitting and should be used when fitting the high minus lens wearer?the high minus lens wearer?

1.1. Rounded cornersRounded corners2.2. Large lensesLarge lenses3.3. Crown glass lensesCrown glass lenses4.4. Excessive decentrationExcessive decentration

The lower the frame bridge, the The lower the frame bridge, the greater the effect of:greater the effect of:

1.1. Shortening of the noseShortening of the nose2.2. Lengthening of the noseLengthening of the nose3.3. No changeNo change4.4. Longer the faceLonger the face

Which of the following is not an Which of the following is not an important criterion in choosing a frame important criterion in choosing a frame for a progressive additional lens for a progressive additional lens wearer?wearer?

1.1. A minimal vertex distanceA minimal vertex distance2.2. Adequate pantoscopic tiltAdequate pantoscopic tilt3.3. Sufficient vertical depth in the nasal Sufficient vertical depth in the nasal

portion of the frame shape.portion of the frame shape.4.4. All of the above are important criterion All of the above are important criterion

when choosing a frame for a when choosing a frame for a progressive addition lens wearer.progressive addition lens wearer.

Which of the following should be Which of the following should be avoided when fitting a high minus avoided when fitting a high minus wearer?wearer?

1.1. A high index lens materialA high index lens material2.2. Squared off cornersSquared off corners3.3. Aspheric lensesAspheric lenses4.4. Smaller eye sizeSmaller eye size

Which of the following is not a good Which of the following is not a good frame characteristic for a person frame characteristic for a person having a high plus lens having a high plus lens prescription?prescription?

1.1. Small lens sizeSmall lens size2.2. Adjustable bridgeAdjustable bridge3.3. Library templesLibrary temples4.4. High index lensesHigh index lenses

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