FINAL YEAR PROJECT SYNOPSIS · PDF file FINAL YEAR PROJECT SYNOPSIS 3-D MAPPING AUTONOMOUS FLIGHT QUADCOPTER WITH INDUCTIVE CHARGING Submitted by: Muhammad Ayaz Qureshi 2013-EE-27

FINAL YEAR PROJECT SYNOPSIS 3-D MAPPING AUTONOMOUS FLIGHT QUADCOPTER WITH

INDUCTIVE CHARGING

Submitted by:

Muhammad Ayaz Qureshi 2013-EE-27

Muhammad Ismail Saleem 2013-EE-29

Wajid Ali 2013-EE-35

Hummad Ahmed Usmani 2013-EE-46

Supervised by: Dr. Khalid Mahmood ul Hassan

Department of Electrical Engineering

University of Engineering and Technology Lahore

FINAL YEAR PROJECT SYNOPSIS 3-D MAPPING AUTONOMOUS FLIGHT QUADCOPTER WITH

INDUCTIVE CHARGING

Submitted to the faculty of the Electrical Engineering Department

of the University of Engineering and Technology Lahore

in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of

Bachelor of Science

in

Electrical Engineering.

Final Year Project Advisor Final Year Project Coordinator

Department of Electrical Engineering

University of Engineering and Technology Lahore

i

Declaration

I declare that the work contained in this synopsis is my own, except where explicitly

stated otherwise. In addition this work has not been submitted to obtain another degree

or professional qualification.

Signed:

Date:

ii

Acknowledgments

We express our deep sense of gratitude to Professor Dr. Khalid Mahmood ul Hassan,

for accepting our final year project proposal. May Almighty Allah gives us health and

ability to complete this project sucessfully.

iii

To our parents, teachers and all the well wishers out there . . .

iv

Contents

Acknowledgments iii

Abbreviations vii

Abstract viii

1 Introduction 1

2 History 2

2.1 Recent Developments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

3 Objectives 4

3.1 Automation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3.2 Wireless Charging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3.3 Wireless Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3.4 Self-Balanced System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3.5 3-D Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.6 Techniques to Implement 3-D Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

4 Rough Cost Analysis 6

5 Software Tools 7

6 Project Feasibility 8

7 Estimated Completion Time and Flow Chart 9

7.1 Deliverable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

7.2 Project Flow Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

8 Prospective Problems 11

9 Future Work and Applications 12

9.1 Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

9.2 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

10 Block Diagram 13

v

Contents vi

References 15

Abbreviations

UAVs Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

GUI Graphical User Interface

SFM Structure From Motion

ESC Electronic Speed Control

PMA Powermat compatible standard

Qi Wireless Power Consortium standard

vii

Abstract

Quad-Copter is an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) which is operated to fly indepen-

dently. In our project, we are designing a fully automated Quad-Copter programmed

in a manner, that will fly a specific amount of distance for specific period of time and

then it will sense its landing pad and will land there. Quad copter will move and hover

around by keeping its stability maintained. The conventional quad copters requires a

continuous charging of quad copters but in this project we are including wireless charg-

ing system also named as inductive charging. In addition to automation we are boosting

it up with wireless communication system. So in wireless communication Quad-Copter

can be controlled manually by using a graphical user interface, giving full control to the

user. Conventional Quad-Copters are provided with 2-D mapping capability but our

project surpass their 2-Ds map because we are introducing 3 D map in which concept

of rasterization and image processing is employed. After landing image processing soft-

ware will stitch these photos into 3-D map. So our automated Quad-Copter is capable

of taking the flight after some specified interval of time, collecting all the possible data

regarding 3D-layout (digitized sketch) of any section, and on returning back to its pad,

Quad-Copter send this sketch to working unit on GUI interface.

Chapter 1

Introduction

With the advancement in engineering and technology, there was a dire need of an in-

troduction of device which can go to places where humans cannot, which will enable

them to do much. Also there was a need of device which help take human in the air

in a very much fascinating way. A device was needed which can capture aerial images.

These devices which have revolutionized the flight are called as drones and quad-copter.

The way in which these devices are developed through decades is fascinating. Drones

belongs to a class of air vehicles known as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). These

vehicles can take off in the air without pilots. Drones are basically flying robots. They

have software control integrated in their environment.

1

Chapter 2

History

The quad-copter designs have been around for a very long time, but the design is inher-

ently unstable. With 4 rotors spinning, keep them moving at the right speed to keep the

quad-copter level and stable is difficult. In November of 1922, Etienne first flew improved

helicopter featuring vertically mounted rotors which rotated in the opposite direction

from the large top rotors. Quad-copters today still use this same basic design. The

Convertawings Model A quad-copter designed by Doctor George E Bothezat appeared

in 1956. It was the first to use propulsion, or a propellers forward thrust to control an

aircrafts roll, pitch and yaw. Recent advances in technology have addressed issues that

plagued early quad-copter design, including poor stability, limited control and complex-

ity. Modern quad-copters are very stable, easy to control and easy to fly. At a small size,

quad-copters are cheaper and more durable than conventional helicopters due to their

mechanical simplicity. Their smaller blades are also advantageous because they possess

less kinetic energy, reducing their ability to cause damage. For small-scale quad-copters,

this makes the vehicles safer for close interaction. Increasing blade size improves effi-

ciency as it takes less energy to generate thrust by moving a large mass of air at a slow

speed than by moving a small mass of air at high speed but it takes at the cost of control.

2.1 Recent Developments

In the last few decades, unmanned aerial vehicles including quad-copters have been used

for many applications. The need for aircraft with greater hovering ability has led to a

rise in quad-copter research. The four-rotor design allows quad-copters to be relatively

simple in design yet highly reliable. Research is continuing to increase the abilities

of quad-copters by making advances in multi-craft communication, environment explo-

ration. If these developing qualities can be combined, quad-copters would be capable of

advanced autonomous missions that are currently not possible with other vehicles.

2

Chapter 2. 3

Some current programs include:

• Bell Boeing Quad Tilt Rotor : concept takes the fixed quad-copter concept further by combining it with the tilt rotor concept.

• Parrot A.R.Drone : is a small radio controlled quad-copter with cameras at- tached to it, designed to be controllable by smartphones or tablet devices.

• Nixie : is a small camera-equipped drone that can be worn as a wrist band.

As far as recent development regarding inductive charging is concerned it is being em-

ployed in mobile industry and electric vehicles. In 2015 Samsung announced the new

S6 and S6 Edge with wireless inductive charging through both Qi and PMA compatible

chargers. Blackberry also released phone to support wireless inductive charging through

compatible chargers. In electric vehicles in one inductive charging system, one winding

is attached to the underside of the car, and the other stays on the floor of the garage.

While as far as 3 D mapping is concerned, in industry and in many applications there

is a dire need of a system which can rapidly, reliably, remotely and accurately perform

measurements in three-dimensional space for the mapping of environment. From now

onwards there will be a lot of research on 3 D mapping. Previous work comprises of

invention seeks to provide a method of locating at least a surface and modeling the

surface using at least two image capture. A considerable amount of work has been done

by researchers in the field of machine vision and image analysis.

Chapter 3

Objectives

3.1 Automation

Designing a fully