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XIV Simposio Internacional de Informática Educativa (SIIE 2012) Eyes-free Interfaces for Educational Games Pablo Moreno-Ger ([email protected]) Andorra, 31/10/2012
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Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Aug 19, 2014

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Presentation at the 2012 SIIE in Andorra.
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Page 1: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

XIV Simposio Internacional de Informática Educativa (SIIE 2012)

Eyes-free Interfaces for Educational Games

Pablo Moreno-Ger([email protected])

Andorra, 31/10/2012

Page 2: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

About me

Pablo Moreno-Ger E-mail: [email protected] http://www.e-ucm.es/people/

publications Universidad Complutense de

Madrid E-Learning Research group Specialized in Serious Games

(educational games)

Page 3: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

MotivationWhy games should be accessible

Page 4: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Video games are becoming big!

The largest entertainment industry Best movie (24h): $92M Best videogame (24h):

$400M World of Warcraft

$180M per month

Are videogames just for kids?

Average player age 2011, Entertainment Software Association

Page 5: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Games are not only for leisure!

Educational Games are becoming important

Science PiratesWhyville.net

ReMission FoodForce

Page 6: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

But… are games accessible?

In just a few seconds the player uses …

1. Stimuli reception(visual, auditive, tactile)

2. Decision making (what’s the next move?)

3. Next action is executed using input devices

Page 7: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

But… are games accessible?

In just a few seconds the player uses …

1. Stimuli reception(visual, auditive, tactile)

2. Decision making (what’s the next move?)

3. Next action is executed using input devices

Consequence:Games are rather

inaccessible content!

Page 8: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Accessibility in games

Accessibility Increases the Cost, Uncertain ROI

Not fully covered. Why?

Game Developers’ Lack of Awareness

Adapted Hardware

Some Approaches

Closed captioning

Special hardware

Page 9: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Accessibility in games

Not fully covered. Why?

Game Developers’ Lack of Awareness

Adapted Hardware

Some Approaches

Closed captioning

Special hardware

Accessibility Increases the Cost, Uncertain ROI

Page 10: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Accessibility in games

Accessibility Increases the Cost, Uncertain ROI

Not fully covered. Why?

Game Developers’ Lack of Awareness

Adapted Hardware

Some Approaches

Closed captioning

Special hardware

In Education All Content Must be Accessible!

Page 11: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

General approach and goals

Page 12: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

General approach

AdvantagesReuse efforts (build once,

use many) Increase visibility

ApproachInclude built-in accessibility features in game

development platforms

ProblemsHigh cost of accessibility

solutionsGame Developers’ Lack of

Awareness

Page 13: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Challenges

Variety

Scalability

Evaluation

Cost

High-levelLow-level

VS

How to make N games accessible at once?

Is very costly! Games must be developed (expensive)Besides …engagement,

enjoyment, frustration … how do you measure that?

How much can we reduce cost and effort

needed?

Page 14: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Goals

Q1. Feasibility• Can game development software cope with disability

automatically?Q2. Cost reduction• How much can effort, time, cost needed can be cut

down?

Page 15: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Case 1

Page 16: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

eAdventure (http://e-adventure.e-ucm.es)

Game Authoring Tool Teacher-oriented game authoring tool

No programming needed!2D Point-and-click games & simulations+150 countries+30,000 downloads10 languages

http://e-adventure-e.ucm.es

Page 17: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

eAdventure

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Introducing Accessibility in eAdventure

Reduced MobilityBlindness Low vision

Profiles

Interaction

Input

Point-and-click

Voice commands

Text commands

Output

Sound

Text-To-Speech

Descriptive sounds

Graphics

Normal mode

High Contrast

mode

Page 19: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Built-in accessibility modules

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1492

UsersBlindnessReduced

mobilityDocumentary RTVE “El

Mundo se mueve conmigo” (Chapter 6)

Page 21: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

My first day at work

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Preliminary evaluation My first day at work - Usability

• 15 users, 10 with disability profile, 60” game play• Likert 1 to 4 questionnaire•

Page 23: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Preliminary evaluation My first day at work – Extra cost

Example: High contrast mode Total: 647 art resources To implement high contrast mode: 53 more Increase of only 7.57%

Page 24: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Case 2

Hypothesis: Not all blind people prefer the same Game interfaces

Page 25: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Experiment

Variable: Gaming habits3 interfaces 3 short games1 user w/ gaming habits, other w/o

Page 26: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

I#1: Cyclical navigation system

Similar to web navigation

The easiest, almost trivial

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I#2: Sonar

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I#3: Natural Language Processing

Short commands formulated in natural language

E.g.: Grab BallClimb the treeDescribe the sceneGo to …

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Results

Both users were able to complete the three minigames in about 15 minutes

Cyclical navigation system is the easiest to use

Sonar is the most fun interface

Best overall interface Natural language commands for

user with little gaming habits Sonar for the user with more

gaming habits

Interface Usability Engagement Additional Cost

Navigation (1) Sonar (2) Commands (3)

Page 30: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Case 3

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BFG Toolkit (http://en.blind-faith-games.e-ucm.es/)

Low-level game engine for Android One disability profile: blind users 3 Games developed for evaluation In collaboration with 2 undergraduate students

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Ongoing evaluation (online)

509 downloads 1281 downloads320 downloads

• Online evaluation (lack of access to end users)• Likert 1 to 5 questionnaire• 26 respondents so far

• 12 blind• 24 no disability

http://goo.gl/gZiMM

Page 33: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Results are encouraging

Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q110%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

5 (very positive)4 (positive)3 (neutral)2 (negative)1 (very negative)

3,00 3,40 3,10 3,40 3,40 3,30 3,60AVG

Page 34: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Conclusions

Page 35: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Wrapping up

Conclusion• Can game development software cope with disability

automatically? => Seems so• How much can effort, time, cost needed can be cut down? =>

Considerable reductionFuture work• More games (cost, usability), more profiles!• Put eAdventure accessibility modules into production• Tackle game design barriers => Game inspection tools

Evaluation Tool 1Evaluation Tool 2

Evaluation Tool N

Game definition

(storyboard, Game universe)

Art Resources

EvaluationReport

Page 36: Eyes free interfaces for educational games

Thank you! Any questions?

Thanks to …