Top Banner
Mean anaerobic power (W) = Total work (J) /Time (s) Assume: Total work = 15930J: Time = 30s working at a mean anaerobic power of 530 J.s-l or 530 W (since I J.s-1 = 1 W) over the duration of the test (Eq. 9.6b). Furthermore, mean anaerobic power, just like many of the variables described previously periaining to thl Wingate Anaerobic Test, may also be expressed relative to body weight (Eq. 9.6c). The relative rn"un unu"robic power for a person with a mean anaerobic power of 531 W and a body weight of 80 kg works out to 6.6 W.kg-1 (Eq. 9.6d). Assume.. Highest p = 708 W; Lowest p = 354 W Fatigue index = (70S W - 354 W) / 70g Wl x 100 = 50Vo Eq.9.7b Rrsur,rs AND DrscussroN High scores on the WAnT are meant to indicate high anaer_ obic fitness. Some of those anaerobic factors ,"port"dlyz associated with higher scores are (1) greater capacity to p-roduce lactic acid; (2) greater stores oi the phosphagens; (3) greater buffering capacity; and (4) a combination of greater motivation and greater torerance of discomfort. As mentioned in the introduction to this test, however, aerobic metabolism, thus aerobic fitness, plays a small but signifi_ cant part in this all-out exercise bout that lasts for 30 s. Although it would be impossible for persons to main- tain their peak or mean Wingate anaerobic power for an en_ tire minute. these anaerobic indices make fir an interesting comparison with minute_based power levels that are fre_ quently prescribed for aerobic cycle ergometry. For exam_ ple, 200 W might be considered a heavy aerobic intensity for typical males, whereas the mean anaerobic powers may range from 450 W25 to 563 W36 on the WAnT. The scores presented in Table 9.2 are for comparative purposes. They should not be used to classify people be_ cause they are not based upon large representative samples or equal force settings. Also, some studies may have used toe stirrups, which may increase peak and mean anaerobic power by 5*12 To.31 When comparing genders, there are large differences between average men and women when peak and mean anaerobic power are expressed in absolute terms, but these differences are reduced when expressed in relative terms of body mass or fat-free mass.35 The percentiles listed in Table 9.3 are based on men and women between the ages of 1g y arrd2g y at a force setting of 7.5 Vo BM. The average men,s and women,s peak anaerobic powers are about 700 W and 455 W, re_ spectively; their relative peak anaerobic powers are about Eq.9.6a Mean anaerobic power = l5 930 J / 30 s = 531 W Eq. 9.6b Relative mean anaerobic power (W.tg-r; = Mean anaerobic power (W) / Body wt (kg) Eq. 9.6c Assume: Mean anaerobic power = 531 W; Body wt = g0 kg Relative mean anaerobic power = 53l W / g0 kg = 6.6W.kg-1 Eq. 9.6d Fatigue fndex The fatigue index reflects the degree offatigue over the en_ tire WAnT. Those individuals exhibiting a-tigtrer fatigue index do so because they are unable to maintain their power level over the duration of the test due to a greater level of neuromuscular fatigue. The fatigue index is calculated as the percent decrease in power (p) from the highest power (usually recorded during the first 5 s interval) to the lowest power (usually the last 5 s interval), as seen in Equation 9.7a. A participant starting wirh a power of 70g W (highest power) during the first 5 s interval and ending with a plwer of 354 W (lowest power) in the last 5 s wo-rlO have a fa_ tigue index of 50 Vo, as seen in Equation 9.7b. Fatigue index (Vo) = [Highesr p (W) _ Lowest p (W) / Highest P (W)l x 100 Eq.93a Comparative Data for the Wingate Anaerobic Test Peak Anaerobic power r yv^ ^,,qe, vu,v ruwsr Mean Anaerobic power yf,f -ffi," Men Relative (w.kg{) Nonathletes (18y-2gy) 7.5 7oo g.2 16.9 56g Nonathletes (18y-2ag 7.s s4O a.2 13.s 450 Nonathletes (2sy-3H.yl z.F zoo g.2 16.2 040 Nonathletes (35y-44y) 7.s 660 8.6 1s.O 500 cyclists (category t-il) 10.0 1125 14.7 27.1 903 ?""i:T (catesory ll-lv) e'5 e63 18.3 2s.s 7Bs Nonathletes (18y-28y) 7.s 4s4 7.6 11.4 gB1 Active women l.s 561 9.0 13.6 453 7.3 7.0 7.2 6.6 11.8 10.8 6.3 7.2 Sources; Data from lnbar & Bar-Or (1 9SO)r.; .l".oO CHAPTER g Anaerobic Cycling 95
2

Exercise Testing Wingate Information

Dec 27, 2015

Download

Documents

Exercise Testing Wingate Information for the NSCA CSCS Exam, NSCA CPT Exam, ACE Personal Trainer exam, ACSM exam
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Exercise Testing Wingate Information

Mean anaerobic power (W) = Total work (J)/Time (s)

Assume: Total work = 15930J: Time = 30s

working at a mean anaerobic power of 530 J.s-l or 530 W(since I J.s-1 = 1 W) over the duration of the test (Eq.9.6b). Furthermore, mean anaerobic power, just like manyof the variables described previously periaining to thlWingate Anaerobic Test, may also be expressed relative tobody weight (Eq. 9.6c). The relative rn"un unu"robic powerfor a person with a mean anaerobic power of 531 W and abody weight of 80 kg works out to 6.6 W.kg-1 (Eq. 9.6d).

Assume.. Highest p = 708 W; Lowest p = 354 WFatigue index = (70S W - 354 W) / 70g Wl

x 100 = 50Vo Eq.9.7b

Rrsur,rs AND DrscussroNHigh scores on the WAnT are meant to indicate high anaer_obic fitness. Some of those anaerobic factors ,"port"dlyzassociated with higher scores are (1) greater capacity top-roduce lactic acid; (2) greater stores oi the phosphagens;(3) greater buffering capacity; and (4) a combination ofgreater motivation and greater torerance of discomfort. Asmentioned in the introduction to this test, however, aerobicmetabolism, thus aerobic fitness, plays a small but signifi_cant part in this all-out exercise bout that lasts for 30 s.

Although it would be impossible for persons to main-tain their peak or mean Wingate anaerobic power for an en_tire minute. these anaerobic indices make fir an interestingcomparison with minute_based power levels that are fre_quently prescribed for aerobic cycle ergometry. For exam_ple, 200 W might be considered a heavy aerobic intensityfor typical males, whereas the mean anaerobic powers mayrange from 450 W25 to 563 W36 on the WAnT.

The scores presented in Table 9.2 are for comparativepurposes. They should not be used to classify people be_cause they are not based upon large representative samplesor equal force settings. Also, some studies may have usedtoe stirrups, which may increase peak and mean anaerobicpower by 5*12 To.31 When comparing genders, there arelarge differences between average men and women whenpeak and mean anaerobic power are expressed in absoluteterms, but these differences are reduced when expressed inrelative terms of body mass or fat-free mass.35

The percentiles listed in Table 9.3 are based on menand women between the ages of 1g y arrd2g y at a forcesetting of 7.5 Vo BM. The average men,s and women,speak anaerobic powers are about 700 W and 455 W, re_spectively; their relative peak anaerobic powers are about

Eq.9.6a

Mean anaerobic power = l5 930 J / 30 s = 531 W Eq. 9.6bRelative mean anaerobic power (W.tg-r;

= Mean anaerobic power (W) / Body wt (kg) Eq. 9.6c

Assume: Mean anaerobic power = 531 W; Body wt = g0 kgRelative mean anaerobic power = 53l W / g0 kg

= 6.6W.kg-1 Eq. 9.6d

Fatigue fndex

The fatigue index reflects the degree offatigue over the en_tire WAnT. Those individuals exhibiting a-tigtrer fatigueindex do so because they are unable to maintain their powerlevel over the duration of the test due to a greater level ofneuromuscular fatigue. The fatigue index is calculated asthe percent decrease in power (p) from the highest power(usually recorded during the first 5 s interval) to the lowestpower (usually the last 5 s interval), as seen in Equation9.7a. A participant starting wirh a power of 70g W (highestpower) during the first 5 s interval and ending with a plwerof 354 W (lowest power) in the last 5 s wo-rlO have a fa_tigue index of 50 Vo, as seen in Equation 9.7b.

Fatigue index (Vo) = [Highesr p (W) _ Lowest p (W)/ Highest P (W)l x 100 Eq.93a

Comparative Data for the Wingate Anaerobic TestPeak Anaerobic powerr yv^ ^,,qe, vu,v ruwsr Mean Anaerobic poweryf,f -ffi,"

MenRelative(w.kg{)

Nonathletes (18y-2gy) 7.5 7oo g.2 16.9 56gNonathletes (18y-2ag 7.s s4O a.2 13.s 450Nonathletes (2sy-3H.yl z.F zoo g.2 16.2 040Nonathletes (35y-44y) 7.s 660 8.6 1s.O 500cyclists (category t-il) 10.0 1125 14.7 27.1 903

?""i:T (catesory ll-lv) e'5 e63 18.3 2s.s 7Bs

Nonathletes (18y-28y) 7.s 4s4 7.6 11.4 gB1Active women l.s 561 9.0 13.6 453

7.3

7.0

7.2

6.6

11.8

10.8

6.3

7.2Sources; Data from lnbar & Bar-Or (1 9SO)r.; .l".oO

CHAPTER g Anaerobic Cycling 95

Page 2: Exercise Testing Wingate Information

Category for Absolute and Relative Peak and Mean Anaerobic Power and Fatigue Indexby Gender

Peak Anaerobic Power Mean Anaerobic Power

Men WomenMen Women Fatigue lndex

Category VoileAbsolute Relative Absolute Belative

(W) (W.kgr) (W) W.ksr)Absolute Relative Absolute Relative Men Women(W) (W.ksr) (W) (W.ksr) ("/") %l

Well above ave '|1-l 602 677 7.5

Above average

23

27

30

30

9.0

8.9

8.8

8.6

90

85

80

75

822807

777

768

10.9

10.6

10.4

10.4

560

530

527

518

662631

618

604

8.2

8.1

8.0

8.0

470437

419

414

7.3

7.'l

7.0

6.9

25

25

26

28

Average

31

35

38

40

43

70

60

50

40

30

757

721

689

671

656

10.2

9.8

9.2

8.9

8.5

505

480

449

432399

8.5

8.1

7.6

7.O

6.9

600

577

565

548

530

7.9

7.6

7.4

7.1

7.0

410

391

381

367

353

6.8

6.6

6.4

6.2

6.0

29

34

35

38

40

25

20

Below average 15

10

646 8.3 396 6.8

618 8.2 376 6.6

594 7.4 362 6.4

570 7.1 353 6.0

42

44

44

47

521

496

485471

6.8

6.6

6.4

6.0

347

337

320306

5.9

5.7

5.6

5.3

45

47

47

52

Well below ave 5.7 5.6 5.1

Mean

s.D.MinimumMaximum

700

95

500

927

9.21.4

5.3

1 t.9

455

81

239623

7.6

1.2

4.6

10.6

563

67

441

711

7.30.9

4.6

9.1

381

56

235529

6.40.7

4.5

8.1

38 35

10815 18

58 49

Source. Data from Maud & Slutz (1989).36

Total work

(kJ)

ll40 50

Age (v)

Figure 9.4 The relationship between age and total work(kJ) in males and females 15-70 y of age on an isokineticcycle ergometer. Source: Modified from Makrides,Heigenhauser, McCartney, & Jones (1 985).32

9.2 W.kg-t and7.6 W.kg 1, respectively. The mean anaer-

obic powers are about 563 W and 381 W, respectively;their relative mean anaerobic powers are about 7.3 W'kg-land 6.4 W.kg-t, respectively.

Anaerobic power and work values in a wide age range

of adults are scarce in the literature. However, the values

from one group of investigators3z may be helpful despite

their use of an isokinetic cycle ergometer, which makes

comparisons with the traditional mechanically braked er-gometer's scores less valid. Their participants, aged 15-70y, pedaled with maximal effort for 30 s at a constant 60 rpm.

96 PART lll Anaerobic Fitness

The torque exerted on the pedals, which allowed the calcu-

lation of peak power, mean power, and total work, showed a

6 7o decrease in these indices for each age decade. As withthe norms in Table 9.3, the values in this wider age group

demonstrated that the women's anaerobic indices wereabout two-thirds of the men's values (see Figure 9.4).

References

1. Abler, P., Foster, C., Thompson, N. N., Crowe, M.,Alt, K., Brophy, A., & Palin, W. D. (1986).

Determinants of anaerobic muscular performance.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 18,

Abstract #3, S1.

20

18

16

14

12

10

Chapter PreyiedReview

What is the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT)?

How do the energy systems contribute to the WAnT?

What are the typical force settings (kg per kg of body weight)used in the WAnT?

What is the fatigue index and how is it calculated?

What are four factors reportedly associated with higherscores on the Wingate Test?

What is the effect of aging on total work during cycling?

What are average absolute and relative peak and meananaerobic power scores for a man and for a woman?