Top Banner
Evolution of Telecommunicat ion Rohan Sripad Prasanna Raghavan P
42

Evolution Of Telecommunication

Nov 29, 2014

Download

Technology

Rohan Sripad

The presentation gives you a brief about when the telecommunication started, how it started, where is it now, and where is it heading ?
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Evolution Of Telecommunication

Evolution of Telecommunication

Rohan Sripad

Prasanna Raghavan P

Page 2: Evolution Of Telecommunication

0G1G technologies2G technologiesCircuit and Packet Switching.3GPP & 3GPP2

Services offered by 3GDeployment Problems3G in India & its delay4G

Transition

2.5G technologies

2.75G technologies

3G technologies

An interim 3.5G

Page 3: Evolution Of Telecommunication

0G

1G technologies

2G technologies

Circuit and Packet Switching.

3GPP & 3GPP2

Services offered by 3G

Deployment Problems

3G in India & its delay

4G

Transition

2.5G technologies

2.75G technologies

3G technologies

An interim 3.5G

Page 4: Evolution Of Telecommunication

0G1G technologies2G technologiesCircuit and Packet Switching.3GPP & 3GPP2

Services offered by 3GDeployment Problems3G in India & its delay4G

Transition

2.5G technologies

2.75G technologies

3G technologies

An interim 3.5G

Page 5: Evolution Of Telecommunication

ORIGIN of Wireless Communication

1895-1901

Guglielmo MarconiDemonstrates wireless communications over increasing distances

1864

James MaxwellPredicts existence of radio

waves.

1886

Rudolph HertzDemonstrates radio waves.

Page 6: Evolution Of Telecommunication

0G

1924

Page 7: Evolution Of Telecommunication

1GAMPS TACS

NMT

1980s Analog Voice

Typical 2.4 Kbps

Page 8: Evolution Of Telecommunication

1G• Advanced Mobile Phone Services (AMPS)

– Deployed in US , Japan : 1983

• Nordic Mobile Telephony (NMT)– Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland : 1981

• Total Access Communication System (TACS)– British System, similar to AMPS : 1985

Page 9: Evolution Of Telecommunication

2GGSM CDMA

TDMA

1990s Digital Voice

9.6 - 14.4 Kbps (circuit data)

Page 10: Evolution Of Telecommunication

2G – GSM• Global system for Mobile

– Based on TDMA ; Europe

– 900 Mhz, 1800 Mhz.

– Later 850 Mhz and 1900 Mhz in Americas

– Quad Band ; World Phones

Page 11: Evolution Of Telecommunication

2G - CDMA• Code Division Multiple Access

– cdmaOne or IS-95

– All users use same freq band ; 800 Mhz

– Major success in Korea, Used by Verizon and Sprint

– Easy Migration to 3G

Page 12: Evolution Of Telecommunication
Page 13: Evolution Of Telecommunication

Circuit Switching

A private road all for yourself

Dedicated end to end connection

Page 14: Evolution Of Telecommunication

Packet Switching

Divided packets can take different paths and times

A shared highway

Page 15: Evolution Of Telecommunication

3GPP

GPRS

EDGE LTE

WCDMA HSPA1.92 Mbps

14 Mbps

384 Kbps

114 Kbps

100 Mbps

Page 16: Evolution Of Telecommunication

3GPP2

1xRTT

EV-DO UMB(abandoned 2008 Nov & favoring LTE)

114 Kbps

2.4 Mbps 288 Mbps

Page 17: Evolution Of Telecommunication

0G

1G technologies

2G technologies

Circuit and Packet Switching.

3GPP & 3GPP2

Services offered by 3G

Deployment Problems

3G in India & its delay

4G

Transition

2.5G technologies

2.75G technologies

3G technologies

An interim 3.5G

Page 18: Evolution Of Telecommunication

2.5GGPRS

2001

Packet Data

Page 19: Evolution Of Telecommunication

2.5G - GPRS• General Packet Radio Service - An Overlay

technology on top of the existing GSM systems.

• Data rate = 56 – 114Kbps.

• 4 MCS (Modulation and coding schemes) used.

• Factors affecting downlink/uplink speed:– TDMA slots– Multi-slot class– Channel Encoding used.

Page 20: Evolution Of Telecommunication

HSCSD• High-Speed Circuit-Switched Data.

• An enhancement to CSD – Multiple timeslots used.

• Data rates up to 38.4 Kbps (4 times CSD).– In reality supports 14.4Kbps.

• Expensive than CSD.

• Latency less that GPRS.

Page 21: Evolution Of Telecommunication

2.75GEDGE

2003 Packet Data

CDMA 1xRTT

Page 22: Evolution Of Telecommunication

EDGE

• EDGE (Enhanced Data rate for GSM)

• Superset of GPRS.

• Data rate = 4 times GPRS.

• 9 MCS (Modulation and coding schemes) used – Gaussian min shift keying and 8PSK.

Page 23: Evolution Of Telecommunication

Evolved EDGE

• Data rate = 1Mbps

• Encoding technique – 32QAM and 16QAM.

• Requires simple network enhancements with software update.

Page 24: Evolution Of Telecommunication

CDMA 1xRTT• 1x is an abbreviation of 1xRTT (1x Radio Transmission

Technology).1x refers to the no. of duplex radio channels.

• Supports 33-35 simultaneous voice calls per 1.25MHz.(cdmaOne = 20 voice calls)

• Encoding technique:– BPSK for forward and reverse link.

• Data Rate = 153 Kbps/153 Kbps.

• Software and minimum hardware update.

Page 25: Evolution Of Telecommunication

3GIMT2000

W-CDMA (UMTS)

CDMA2000

Page 26: Evolution Of Telecommunication

UMTS• UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecommunications

System. Also known as W-CDMA.

• W-CDMA uses the DS-CDMA and TDD channel access method with a pair of 5 MHz channels.

• Requires new cell towers & frequency allocations.

• Data rate = 1Mbps(theoritical)

• Frequency bands:– Uplink 1885-2025 MHz (mobile-to-base )– Downlink 2110-2200 MHz (base-to-mobile).

Page 27: Evolution Of Telecommunication

CDMA2000• EVDO Rel 0 (Evolution-Data Optimized or

Evolution-Data only Release 0)

• Data rates:– Forward link - 2.4Mbps.– Reverse link - 153kbps.

• Encoding technique:– Forward link – 16QAM.– Reverse link - BPSK.

Page 28: Evolution Of Telecommunication

3.5GEVDO-Rev A

HSDPA HSUPA

EVDO-Rev B

Page 29: Evolution Of Telecommunication

HSPA• High Speed Packet Access is a collection of two

mobile telephony protocols HSDPA and HSUPA.

• High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) – Data rates for Forward link - 14.4Mbps.– Encoding technique – QPSK and 16QAM

• High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) or EUL(Enhanced Uplink)– Data rates for Reverse link - 5.76Mbps.

• Just a software update for most WCDMA networks.

Page 30: Evolution Of Telecommunication

HSPA+• Evolved High Speed Packet Access (HSPA+)

• Data rates:– Forward link - 42Mbps.– Reverse link - 22Mbps.

• Encoding technique 64QAM.

Page 31: Evolution Of Telecommunication

EVDO Rev A• EVDO Rev A (Revision A)

• Also called as EV-DV (Evolution Data/Voice)

• Data rates:– Forward link - 3.1Mbps.– Reverse link - 1.8Mbps.

• Encoding technique:– Forward link – 16QAM.– Reverse link - QPSK and 8PSK.

Page 32: Evolution Of Telecommunication

EVDO Rev B• Combine up to fifteen 1.25MHz carriers (20MHz) in

forward and/or reverse link. Carriers not physically combined and not adjacent to each other.

• Data rate:– Forward link = 3.1Mbps*15channels = 47Mbps.– Reverse link = 1.8Mbps*15channels = 27Mbps.

• Encoding technique 64QAM. Uplink data rate increases from 3.1Mbps to 4.9Mbps per channel. Thus, Data rate:– Forward link = 4.9Mbps*15channels = 74Mbps.

• Only software updation required.

Page 33: Evolution Of Telecommunication

0G1G technologies2G technologiesCircuit and Packet Switching.3GPP & 3GPP2

Services offered by 3GDeployment Problems3G in India & its delay4G

Transition

2.5G technologies

2.75G technologies

3G technologies

An interim 3.5G of 4G

Page 34: Evolution Of Telecommunication

Multi Player Gaming

Location Based Services

Video Services

Instant Messaging

Page 35: Evolution Of Telecommunication
Page 36: Evolution Of Telecommunication
Page 37: Evolution Of Telecommunication

PROBLEMSDEPLOYMENT

Page 38: Evolution Of Telecommunication

Argentina Estonia Kyrgyzstan Slovenia

Australia Finland Malaysia South Korea

Austria France Mauritius South Africa

Azerbaijan Georgia Mexico Spain

Bahrain Germany Moldova Sri Lanka

Belarus Greece Netherlands Sweden

Belgium Guatemala New Zealand Taiwan

Bermuda Hong Kong Nicaragua Tajikistan

Brazil Hungary Nigeria Thailand

Canada Iceland Norway Ukraine

Chile India Pakistan U A E

China Indonesia Panama United Kingdom

Colombia Ireland Peru United States

Cyprus Israel Poland Uzbekistan

Czech Republic Italy Portugal Venezuela

Denmark Jamaica Romania Vietnam

Dominican Japan Russia Venezuela

Ecuador Kazakhstan Singapore Vietnam

Page 39: Evolution Of Telecommunication

3G INDIAin

Page 40: Evolution Of Telecommunication

Where are we ?

Out in Market…

Page 41: Evolution Of Telecommunication

4G

Page 42: Evolution Of Telecommunication

Summary

G Technology Data Rates

1 Analog Typical 2.4 Kbps; max 22 Kbps

2 Digital – TDMA, CDMA 9.6 - 14.4 Kbps (circuit data)

2.5 GPRS – mux packets in voice timeslots

15 - 40 Kbps

3 Improved modulation, using CDMA variants

50 – 144 Kbps (1xRTT); 200 – 384 Kbps (UMTS); 500 Kbps – 2.4 Mbps (EVDO)

3.5 More modulation tweaks 2–14 Mbps (HSPA)

4 New modulation (OFDMA); Multi-path (MIMO); All IP

LTE: >10 Mbps; eventual potential >100 Mbps