Epidemiology of Leukemia in Saudi Arabia

Epidemiology of LeukemiaName : Faisal Al-Sugair.

Objectives:

Definition. Classification.

Risk factors.World Wide Prevalence. Prevalence in Saudi Arabia.

What is Leukemia ?

Leukemia is a cancer (malignancy) of the bone marrow in which large numbers of abnormal, poorly functioning white blood cells are produced. Leukemia is from the Ancient Greek leukos "white", and haima "blood". Discovered in 1827 by French Physician Alfred Velpeau .

Major Types

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML). Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukemia (CLL). Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML).

Risk FactorsPrevious cancer treatment. Genetic disorders. Certain blood disorders. Exposure to high levels of radiation. Exposure to certain chemicals. Smoking. Family history of leukemia. Gender.

World Wide Prevalence

Worldwide, an estimated 350,000 people are diagnosed with leukemia each year. Leukemia is the primary cause of deaths from cancer in children and young adults under the age of 20 years. 80% of children with leukemia have the ALL type. The most common types of leukemia in adults are AML (12,000 cases per year) and CLL (15,000 cases per year). The median age of onset is 67 years in adults.

Prevalence in Men World Wide GLOBOCAN 2008

Prevalence in Men World Wide GLOBOCAN 2008

Countries with High IncidenceRank1 2

CountryDenmark

Incidence per 100,000 29

Luxembourg 28.7

3 4 5 6 7 89 10

Italy Belgium France Croatia Latvia Germany New ZealandAustralia

28.4 27 26.8 26.6 26.4 2626 25.3

Arab Countries

Prevalence in The Kingdom

Ten Most Common Cancers among Saudis, 2004 (All Ages)

Prevalence in The Kingdom

Ten Most Common Cancers among Saudis by Sex, 2004

Prevalence in The Kingdom

Ten Most Common Cancers among Saudi Children by Sex, 2004

Prevalence in The Kingdom

Age-Specic Incidence Rate (AIR) for Leukemia in Saudi Arabia, 2004

Prevalence in The Kingdom

Regional Distribution of Leukemia in Saudi Arabia, 2004

Prevalence in The Kingdom

Comparison of ASR for Leukemia among Saudis with ASR in Selected Countries

Prevalence in The Kingdom

Most common type of cancer in Saudi Children aged 12 and under. A Study of 128 children in the Eastern Provence (January 1982-December 1992) showed that : Acute lymphoblastic leukemia was the most common. Chronic granulocytic leukemia the least common among the studied group.

ReferencesThe International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) http://headstrongfoundation.org/ http://seer.cancer.gov/ http://globocan.iarc.fr/factsheets/populations /factsheet.asp?uno=900 http://www.leukemia-research.org www.oncology.org.sa KFSHRC.

Any Questions ??