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Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine April 2009, London
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Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

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Page 1: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Engine Finance Rountable

Managing an engine

April 2009, London

Page 2: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Engine Finance Rountable

Managing an engine

April 2009, London

Page 3: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

General Electric Snecma

CFM: a long time partnership…

> 7,500 commercial and military aircraft worldwide > 415 million engine flight hours in service

CFM International is a Joint Company of Snecma & General Electric Co. Established in 1974

Page 4: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Simple Sales & Customer Support Sharing

SALES,PRODUCT SUPPORT

CFMI CINCINNATI,OHIO, U.S.A.

SALES, PRODUCT SUPPORTCFMI VILLAROCHE,

FRANCE

CFM split the world into 2 regions to better support customers on a coordinated basis.

Page 5: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

… and here to stay

GE/SNECMA 50/50 partnership extended to 2040.

– Commitment to develop the next-generation engine

– Commitment to develop integrated services offerings

We have always delivered…

We will keep on …walking…

NEVER MIND 20:20 OUR VISION GOES BEYOND 20:40.

Page 6: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Production milestones

• 19,189 CFM engines produced as of the end of in 2008

• 2009 production volume: 1,250 engines– Monthly average: approx. 104 engines– Weekly average: 24 engines over 52 weeks– 5 to 6 engines per working day

• 20 ,000th engine schedule to be produced in October 2009

• 2,000th -7B/3 & 1,000th -5B/3 engines to be produced in 2009

Page 7: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Single Aisle Market In Services, March 2009 – Aircraft/Operators

Source : ACAS, March 09

B737 CFM

A320 IAE

A320 CFM

1368

1075

399

1576

425

389

251

97

196

78

69

65

195

52

34116

33

126 1072380

327

11

8215

3012

6

3212

5

13983

49

271418 6 7

5

81

27

24

46562131

1536

World Market Share398163

124

Page 8: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Source: Ascend, OAG, Snecma & GE analysis

North America

3420 A/C24%

South America1350 A/C

9%

Europe & CIS

4160 A/C29%

Africa720 A/C

5%

Asia-Pacific (*)1350 A/C

9%

Middle-East480 A/C

3%

Narrowbodies Delivery Forecast 2008-2027 14,400 A/C Worldwide

(*) excluding China & Indian Sub Continent

China

2400 A/C17%

Indian Sub Cont.520 A/C

4%

Total Asia Pacific

4270 A/C30%

Page 9: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

The Jet Engine Principle

Page 10: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

The turbine drives the compressorThe turbine drives the compressor

The fuel brings the energy to the systemThe fuel brings the energy to the system

CompressorCompressor CombustorCombustor TurbineTurbine

FuelFuel

The Jet Engine Principle

Page 11: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Increase in by-pass ratio improves SpecificFuel Consumption (SFC)

Increase in by-pass ratio improves SpecificFuel Consumption (SFC)

11 AirAir

33

33

22

22

By-pass ratio = Mass flow / Mass flow

By-pass ratio = Mass flow / Mass flow33 22

The Jet Engine Principle

Page 12: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

WHEN THE LARGEST BUYERS OF AIRCRAFT ENGINES DO THEIR CALCULATIONS THEY ALWAYS GET THE SAME ANSWER.

Calculating Engine Calculating Engine MaintenanceMaintenance

Page 13: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Acronyms

A/F AirframeATO Aircraft Take OffsD&C Delays & CancellationsDMC Direct Maintenance CostECO Engine Cost OwnershipEGT Exhaust Gas TemperatureEMO Engine Management Opimization ®IFSD In Flight Shut-DownsLLP Life Limited PartsLRU Line Replaceable UnitNPV Net Present ValueOATL Outside Air Temperature LimitSV Shop VisitSVR Shop Visit RateSVC Shop Visit Cost

Page 14: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Acronyms

T/O Take OffTOC Total Operating CostTOW Take Off WeightUSG US GallonsVSV Variable Stator VanesW/S Work Scope

Page 15: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

1.Areas of cost1.Areas of cost

Page 16: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Aircraft Direct Operating Cost Breakdown

DIRECTOPERATING COST

INDIRECTOPERATING COST

OPERATINGCOST

RELATEDCOST

♦ Depreciation♦ Loan Interest♦ Insurance

♦ Fuel♦ Cockpit Crew♦ A/F maintenance♦ Engines maintenance

♦ Navigation♦ Landing Fees♦ Handling

♦ Administration cost♦ Ground equipment♦ Cargo related

TOTAL OPERATING COST

ACQUISITIONCOST

CASH DIRECTOPERATING COST

TOC

DOC IOC

SNECMA DEFINITIONS

Page 17: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

The world is changing very quickly…

?

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Jan-1999

Jan-2000

Jan-2001

Jan-2002

Jan-2003

Jan-2004

Jan-2005

Jan-2006

Jan-2007

Jan-2008

Jan-2009

51% 43%

6%

36%60%

4%

All OtherEngine maintenanceFuel Cost

Generic single-aisle aircraft (160 passengers)800 nautical mile rangeSource: Internal analysis

Airline direct cash operating costs

Page 18: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Influencing factors

EMO, Engine Management Optimization is a Registered Trade Mark of Snecma

• Fuel burn– Design: engine architecture, thermodynamic cycle– Engine age: engine deterioration

• Reliability– Design: engine architecture, mechanical margins, EGT margin– Usage: sector length, T/O derate, environment severity

• Maintenance– Design: engine architecture, mechanical margins, EGT margin– Usage: sector length, T/O derate, environment severity– Fleet management: spare engines, water wash, EMO– Shop visit workscope management & LLP

Page 19: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

2.Optimising Engine 2.Optimising Engine Direct Maintenance CostDirect Maintenance Cost

Page 20: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Engine DMC Breakdown

THE COST TO KEEP AND RESTORE ENGINE SERVICEABILITY CAN BE SPLIT BETWEEN:

• Line Maintenance cost

• Shop maintenance cost

Page 21: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

LINE MAINTENANCE REPRESENTS ABOUT 7 % OF ENGINE MAINTENANCE COST

Engine DMC Breakdown ( cont’d )

LINE MAINTENANCE :

• Line Labor :• Inspection• Troubleshooting• Replacement of Line Replaceable Units ( LRU’s )• Test

• Line Material• Consumable parts (items which must be scrapped at every maintenance action )

• Repair of equipment removed on line

Page 22: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

SHOP MAINTENANCE REPRESENTS ABOUT 93 % OF ENGINE MAINTENANCE COST

Engine DMC Breakdown ( cont’d )

SHOP ACTIVITY :

• Routine Labor: assembly / disassembly, cleaning, inspection of modules and parts

• Repair of parts ( including LRU’s )

• Material: cost of parts and material replaced during the shop visit

• Fees, Tests, Transportation

Page 23: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Shop Visit Rate - Definitions

SHOP VISIT :

• “An engine Removal is classified as a "SHOP VISIT" whenever the subsequent engine maintenance performed prior to reinstallation entails separation of pairs of major mating flanges or removal of a disk, hub or spool. (WATOG definition)”

• Some maintenance operations performed on wing or on a stand may not be defined as a SV (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines)

WATOG : World Airlines Technical Operations Glossary

Page 24: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Shop Visit Rate – Definitions (cont’d)

SVR is a measure of the engine reliability parameter which may be expressed in 2 ways

• DILUTED (“POPULAR”) SHOP VISIT RATE SVR– Ratio of the number of shop visits in a fleet to the total fleet flying time (expressed in thousands hours) within a given period– it represents the aging process of the whole fleet

• NON DILUTED OR RESTORED SHOP VISIT RATE RSVR– Ratio of the total number of shop visits having occurred within a period to the total number of hours flown by the involved engines since their last shop visit. It may be measured by SV ranking. – it represents an average time on wing between removals– Average on-wing time = 1000 / RSVR

Page 25: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Shop Visit Rate – Definitions (cont’d)

Popular SVR = 2x1000 / 20130 = 0.099

Calculation exampleYearly utilization

20130 h

3610 h1

3480 h2

4340 h3

3970 h4

4730 h5

9850 h

9320 h

Time sincelast shop visit

19170h

SVRemoval

X

X

2

RSVR = 2x1000 / 19170 = 0.104

Page 26: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Shop Visit Rate – RSVR and SVR

Average Mature life = 1000 / Mature SVR

Mature SVR

SV/KEFH

RSVR

SVR

Page 27: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

• SHOP MAINTENANCE COST DEPENDS ON TWO FACTORS :

• SHOP VISIT COST SVC in K$

• SHOP VISIT RATE SVR nb SV / 1000

Engine DMC Breakdown ( cont’d )

SHOP DMC IS A FUNCTION OF SV RATE AND SV COST

SHOP DMC = SVC x SVR measured in $ / EFH

Page 28: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Shop Visit Rate: Shop Visits cause breakdown Example of a High Thrust Rating engine

SV MAINLY CAUSED BY EGT AND OTHER CAUSES

CFM56-5B3/PA321

LLP14%

Hot Parts12%

Performances42%

Other32%

Page 29: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Shop Visit Rate: Shop Visits cause breakdown Example of a Low Thrust Rating engine

SV MAINLY CAUSED BY LLP AND OTHER CAUSES

LLP47%

Hot Parts10%

Performances1%

Other42%

CFM56-5B6/PA319

Page 30: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Expected time to next shop visit

• Determined by:• Shop visit cause• Time since last shop visit • Condition of different modules• On-wing life policy• Status of Life Limited Parts• Expected time to the next shop visit• Business consideration

• Goal is to rebuild an engine with acceptable time to the next shop visit

Performance Performance

Life Limited PartsLife Limited Parts

Other PartsOther Parts

Shop Visit Cost - Shop Visit Workscope

Shop Visit

Page 31: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Shop Visit Cost - Shop Visit Cost estimates

• SV Cost : the SV Cost depends on the workscope performed during the SV– Minimum W/S level : Low SV Cost– Performance W/S level : average SV Cost– Full W/S : High SV Cost– W/S level depends on the age of the engine, the time on wing since last SV, the age

of Life Limited Parts….

• Shop visit cost breakdown estimation:⇒ 55 - 60% Material cost ⇒ 10 -15 % Labour⇒ 25 - 35 % Repair

• SV Cost evolves with the maturity of the engine program– development of new repairs– used spare parts availability

Page 32: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

LLP management

Depending on the shop visit time occurrence, LLP management must be adapted to the situation (example of an operator requiring a minimum build of 6,000 cycles)

20,000 cycles

28,000 cycles

SV SV

Remove 20,000 and 25,000 cycle

parts

Remove 30,000 cycle partsShop visit occurs

close to 20,000 cycles

23,500 cycles

29,500 cycles

SV SV

17,000 cycles

SV

Remove 25,000 cycle parts

Remove 30,000 cycle parts

Remove 20,000 cycle

partsShop visit occurs close to 17,000 cycles

Page 33: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

EISTime scale

1st SV

1

2nd SV

0.7

3rd SV

0.6

4th SV

0.6

Engine Aging

Relative times to Shop Visit Mature Engine

Page 34: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

3. Engine Operation3. Engine Operation

Page 35: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Thrust Ratings Options on A320 Family

CFM56 (Max T/O thrust)*

A318 -5B8 (21,600 lbf)

-5B9 (23,300 lbf)

A319 (613)

-5B5 (22,000 lbf)

-5B6 (23,500 lbf)

-5B7 (27,000 lbf)

A320 (733)

-5B5 (22,000 lbf)

-5B6 (23,500 lbf)

-5B4 (27,000 lbf) **

A321 (228)

-5B4 (27,000 lbf)

-5B1 (30,000 lbf)

-5B2 (31,000 lbf)

-5B3 (32,000 lbf) **

* Max T/O thrust, Min Sea Level per engine type certificate

** Thrust Bumps available for Hot/High Airports T/O

*** A/C Configuration at delivery

Page 36: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Thrust Ratings Options on B737NG Family

CFM56 (Max T/O thrust)*

- 600 (69 A/C delivered)

-7B20 (20,600 lbf)

-7B22 (22,700 lbf)

- 700 (1077)

-7B20 (20,600 lbf)

-7B22 (22,700 lbf)

-7B24 (24,200 lbf)

-7B26 (26,300 lbf)

-7B27 (27,300 lbf)

- 800 (1518)

-7B24 (24,200 lbf)

-7B26 (26,300 lbf)

-7B27 (27,300 lbf)

- 900 (92)

-7B24 (24,200 lbf)

-7B26 (26,300 lbf)

-7B27 (27,300 lbf)

* Max T/O thrust, Min Sea Level per engine type certificate

Source : ACAS, Feb 09** A/C Configuration at delivery

Page 37: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Engine Rating and On-Wing Life

Page 38: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Maximum temperature EGTMaximum temperature EGT

By-pass Ratio LimitationsEngine Rating and On-Wing Life

Page 39: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Engine Rating and On-Wing Life

LARGE EGT MARGIN & LOW DETERIORATION RATETRANSLATE INTO LONGER ON-WING LIFE

0 10,000 20,000Time on wing

EGT

dete

riora

tion

EGT Limit

0 10,000 20,000

Time on wing

EGT Limit

Low RatingHigh Rating

Same Engine

Engine goes to shop

Page 40: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

10% Takeoff derate

20% Takeoff derate

Rating selection and operation

Effect of Engine derate-Average Savings per A/C per yearbased on 15 year study-A321/ CFM56-5B3/3-FL = 1,4-3000 EFH/ year

Assumptions:

Page 41: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Factors Affecting Severity

Environmental Conditions

Flight Leg and Thrust Derate

Exha

ust G

as T

empe

ratu

re

Engi

ne C

orne

r Po

int

Outside Air Temperature Influence

Outside Air Temperature at T/O

Seve

rity

Fact

or

0.78

1.35

1

2

1 2 3 4Flight Leg (Hours)

0%

10%15%

Decreasing Takeoff Derate

Source: EMCWG

5%

Page 42: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

EIS Year 5 Year 10 Year 15

5 shop visits for Operator 1

Single Engine deterioration

Average fuel consumption increase

Operator 1 : 3.8% to 3.9%

Engine Operation – Fuel consumption vs. on-wing life

% F

uel B

urn

dete

riora

tion

Page 43: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

EIS Year 5 Year 10 Year 15

3 shop visits for Operator 2

Average fuel consumption increase

Operator 2 : 4.5% to 4.6%

3D. Engine Operation – Fuel consumption vs. on-wing life

% F

uel B

urn

dete

riora

tion

Page 44: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

EIS Year 5 Year 10 Year 15

0.7% Lower fuel consumption for Operator 1at the cost of 2 additional Shop Visits over 15 years

3D. Engine Operation – Fuel consumption vs. on-wing life

% F

uel B

urn

dete

riora

tion

Page 45: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

EIS Year 5 Year 10 Year 15

300 000 $ saved in fuel2 400 000 $ higher shop cost

3D. Engine Operation – Fuel consumption vs. on-wing life

% F

uel B

urn

dete

riora

tion Assumptions:

-Savings per aircraft-15 year study period- FL = 1,4- A320/ CFM56-5B4/P-1,8 $/ USG fuel-3000 FH/ year

Page 46: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

4. Engine Fleet Management4. Engine Fleet Management

Page 47: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Engine Fleet Management - Tools

• Commonality

• Staggering– Spare engines used to reduce average usage of individual engines– Easier Shop Visit planning

• Engine Re-rating– Take advantage of the different ratings of a common engine model installed on different aircraft models – Permit to extend the average time between shop visits of the engine fleet

Page 48: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Engine Fleet Management - Commonality

• Commonality within a fleet of engines brings savings on:

– Spare engine inventory– Spare parts inventory– Engine fleet management– Mechanics training– Interface with Engine Manufacturer– Documentation– …

ENGINE COMMONALITYA KEY DRIVER TO REDUCE COSTS

Page 49: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Engine Fleet Management - Staggering

Installed engineSpare engineShop Visit

Without StaggeringSeveral Shop visits occur simultaneously 2 spares minimum required

With StaggeringNo overlap of Shop visits 1 spare sufficient

Using a spare engine to dilute utilization of installed engines permits to avoid that several shop visits occur simultaneously.

ENGINE STAGGERING: POSTPONE SHOP VISITS AND REDUCE SPARE REQUIREMENT

Page 50: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

EMO• extends the on wing life of the engines that are EGT limited on A321• postpones shop visits which would have otherwise occurred on A321

Engine Removed from A321 and installed on A319

EGT Redline

A321-5B3/3 On Wing Life A319-5B6/3 Additional On Wing Life

EGT

EFH

6021H-04/99

Engine Fleet Management – Re-rating

Page 51: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Industry challenges … CFM Solutions

• Air transport challenges accelerating– Fuel pressure, environment … we have to be ready

• CFM’s response: the revolutionary LEAP-X engine

• But we have to keep our options open …– Parallel path with open rotor

Page 52: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World
Page 53: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World
Page 54: Engine Finance Rountable Managing an engine€¦ · Managing an engine. April 2009, London . Engine Finance Rountable. ... (eg compressor top casing on CFM56 engines) WATOG: World

Fan DiskBooster spoolShaft

High Pressure Compressor Front shaftStage 1-2 spoolStage 3 diskStage 4-9 spoolCDP seal

High Pressure TurbineFront shaftFront air sealDiskRear shaft

Low Pressure TurbineShaftConical supportStage 1 diskStage 2 diskStage 3 diskStage 4 disk

CFM56-7B Life Limited Parts Status

30,00030,00030,000

20,00020,00020,00020,00020,000

20,00020,00020,00020,000

25,00025,00025,000 25,00025,00025,000

Current Lives

* Low & Middle Ratings / High Ratings