EN1 Vocabulary Lists Test 1 Units 1-20 2011-2012 (1)

Unit 1: Work and jobs (OPEN)

What do you do? a question to find out what someone’s job is

Wat voor werk doet u/ doe jij?

to work for to be employed by werken voorto work on to spend time working to

produce somethingwerken aan

to run to be in charge of runnento manage to control a business and/or

department and/or personnel and/or equipment and/or money

leiden

to work under have someone who is in charge of you

werken voor

responsibilities particular tasks that you have because of your job

verantwoordelijkheid

in charge of in control of and responsible for e.g. a department

de leiding hebben/verantwoordelijk zijn voor

to deal with handle omgaan metto be responsible for be in charge of, make sure

what happens is right/satisfactory

verantwoordelijk zijn voor

to work with werken metto work to be employed werkento have work to be employed werk hebbenin work have a job/ employment Werk hebbenout of work unemployed geen werk hebbento leave for work get ready to go to work naar je werk gaanto get to work travel/commute to work or

arrive at worknaar je werk toe komen/op je werk aankomen

to arrive at work op je werk aankomenat work being at the place where you

work/workingop je werk/aan het werk

off work not being able to work/not working

niet (hoeven) werken (bijv. wegens ziekte of omdat je die dag vrij bent)

full-time job working the whole week, not a part of it

voltijdbaan

part-time job work for only a part of the week deeltijdbaanto work full-time have a full-time job voltijd werkento work part-time have a part-time job deeltijd werkenpermanent job a job that does not finish after a

fixed periodvaste baan

temporary job a job that finishes after a fixed period

tijdelijke baan

temporary work work that does not finish after a fixed period

tijdelijk werk

permanent work work that finishes after a fixed period

vast werk

Unit 2: Ways of working (OPEN)

office worker a person who works in an office

bediende/ beambtekantooremployee

nine-to-five normal working hours for a worker

van negen tot vijf

working hours the time that people spend doing their job

werktijden

to clock in/on to record on a special card the time you arrive at or begin work

inklokken

to clock out/off to record on a special card the time you stop or leave work

uitklokken

flexitime (BrE) / flextime (AmE)

work when you want, within certain limits

flexibele werktijden

shift if workers work for a particular period of time during the day or night and are then replaced by others, so that there are always people working

dienst, ploeg

day shift if workers work for a particular period of time during the day

dagdienst

night shift if workers work for a particular period of time during the night

nachtdienst

overtime to work more hours than usual for more money

over werken

to commute to regularly travel (a long distance) to work

forenzen/ pendelen

commuter someone who travels (a long distance) to work

forens/pendelaar

to work from home thuiswerkenteleworking working form home using

a computer connected to the company’s office

telewerken

telecommuting working form home using a computer connected to the company’s office

telewerken

satisfying giving positive feelings bevredigendstimulating giving positive feelings stimulerendfascinating giving positive feelings fascinerend, boeiendexciting giving positive feelings opwindenddull not exciting/interesting saai, vervelendboring not exciting/interesting saai, vervelenduninteresting not interesting oninteressantunstimulating not stimulating niet stimulerendrepetitive done many times in the

same way(zich) herhalend

routine the usual order in which you do things

routine

tiring making you feel like you need sleep or rest

vermoeiend

tough difficult to do or deal with moeilijkhard difficult to do or deal with moeilijkdemanding requiring/needing a lot of

ability, effort or skillveeleisend

Unit 3: Recruitment and selection (OPEN)

recruitment (BrE) / hiring (AmE)

process of finding people for a particular job

rekrutering, werving

recruit (BrE) / hire (AmE)

someone who has joined an organisation/company/group etc.

rekruut, nieuweling,nieuwkomer

to employ to pay someone to work for you

in dienst hebben

to hire to pay someone to work for you

aannemen, in dienst nemen

to join (a company) to start work as an employee

gaan werken voor, zich aansluiten bij

recruiter a person who finds future employees for a company

iemand die rekruteert

recruitment agency an organisation that finds employees for companies, cf. a job centre

wervingsbureau

employment agency business that makes money by finding jobs for people

uitzendbureau; arbeidsbureau

headhunter a person who tries to persuade someone to leave their job and take another job which has better pay and status

headhunter

to headhunt to find people with the right skills and experience for a leading position, and try to persuade them to leave their present job

werven van (top)functionarissen vnl. bij andere bedrijven

headhunting finding people with the right skills and experience for a leading position, and trying to persuade them to leave their present job

werven van (top)functionarissen vnl. bij andere bedrijven

situations vacant the part of the newspaper where jobs are advertised

personeelsadvertenties (in de krant)

to apply for to make a formal request, usually written, for something as a job

solliciteren naar/voor

application form a printed list of questions you answer in order to get a job

sollicitatieformulier

job website websites where jobs are advertised

personeelsadvertenties op het internet

to make an application

Sending in a covering letter and CV to try and get a job

solliciteren

CV (= curriculum vitae) (BrE) / résumé, resume (AmE)

the ‘story’ of a working life curriculum vitae / korte levensbeschrijving

covering letter (BrE) / cover letter

a letter explaining why you want a particular job and

sollicitatiebrief / begeleidend schrijven

(AmE) why you are the right person for it

situation job baanpost job baanposition job baanselection process the method that a company

uses to recruit peopleselectieprocedure

background someone’s education and previous work

achtergrond

applicant someone who has formally asked, usually in writing, for a job

sollicitant

experience knowledge, skill ervaringqualifications skills, personal quality or

experience that makes you suitable for a particular job

kwalificaties / bevoegdheden

candidates someone who is considered for a job

kandidaten

group discussion a formal meeting groepsdiscussieinterview formal meeting in which

someone is asked questions to find out whether they are suitable for a job

sollicitatiegesprek

psychometric tests an assessment of someone’s intelligence and personality

psychometrisch onderzoek

to shortlist to make a list of the most suitable people for a job

voordragen, op voordracht plaatsen

reference information about you provided by someone who knows you well, intended for a potential employer

referentie / getuigschrift

referee someone who gives information about you when you are applying for a new job

referentie (persoon)

to offer to ask someone if he would like to have something

aanbieden

to turn something down

to refuse an offer, request or invitation

afwijzen

job offer A company asking you to take a job with them

Aanbod voor een baan

to accept to take something, to agree to do something

aannemen/accepteren

to hire to employ someone aannemento appoint to choose someone for a

positionaanstellen / benoemen

Unit 4: Skills and qualifications (OPEN)

graduates people who have finished their study at a high school, college or university; someone who has a (university) degree

gediplomeerde (bijv. van de middelbare school, universiteit), afgestudeerde (academicus)

paper qualifications diplomas diploma’squalifications in diplomas in diploma’s voorwork experience Having had a job werkervaringto train for to learn the skills of a

particular job or activityeen opleiding volgen / studeren voor

to graduate from to obtain a university degree

een bul/diploma halen

With a degree in Have qualifications in Met een diploma intraining in/train as to learn the skills

necessary for a particular job or activity

studeren voor

to qualify as to show that you’re suitable for a job by passing an exam

bevoegdheid verwerven voor

in-house training courses taught inside the company

scholing die plaats vindt in het bedrijf

management development

training in management skills

training in management-vaardigheden

Go on courses Go to a training to receive education

Op curses gaan

aquire experience Get knowledge through doing things

Ervaring opdoen

skill an ability (to do something well)

vaardigheid, bekwaamheid

highly skilled very skilled zeer bekwaam, vakkundig

skilled having the knowledge and ability to do something well

bekwaam, vakkundig

semi-skilled partly but not completely untrained

halfgeschoold

unskilled untrained, not trained ongeschooldto be skilled at/in to have the ability and

experience to do something

bedreven zijn in

to be good with goed zijn in/metmethodical working in a planned

and orderly waymethodisch

systematic working in a planned and orderly way

systematisch

organized working in a planned and orderly way

georganiseerd

computer-literate good with computers met computers kunnen werken

numerate good with numbers met een wiskundige

basiskennismotivated being keen to do well in

your jobgemotiveerd

talented being naturally very good at what you do

getalenteerd

self-starters people who are good at working on their own without much supervision

initiatiefrijk en zelfstandig werkend persoon

proactive taking action and making changes before they need to be made, rather then waiting until problems develop

initiatief nemend / anticiperend

self-motivated motivated by oneself intrinsiek gemotiveerdself-driven motivated by oneself intrinsiek gemotiveerdteam player someone who works well

with other peopleteamspeler

Unit 5: Pay and benefits (OPEN)

salary the money that someone is paid for their job at the end of the month

salaris

overtime working (a lot of) extra hours

overwerk

perks fringe benefits, something extra such as a free car or accommodation

extra verdienste, voordeel

to earn make or receive money in return for the work you do

verdienen

wages the amount of money that is regularly paid for a particular type of work especially manual or unskilled work

loon

minimum wage the lowest amount of money (in return for the work you do) that is allowed by law

minimum loon

tips money that customers leave for workers (at a restaurant) in addition to the bill

fooi

basic salary salary you earn every month (with no extra amounts of money included or charged)

basissalaris

commission a percentage on your salary on everything you sell more

provisie, commissie

bonus if you sell more than a particular amount in a year, you also get extra money

bonus

fringe benefit extra things that you get from a particular job, e.g. a car, a house of free insurance which are given in addition to your salary, perks

secundaire arbeidsvoorwaarden

company car auto van de zaakhealth plan insurence with which

you pay the costs of medical teatment if you get ill

ziektekostenverzekering

pension money that you get after you stop working

Pensioen

benefits package the package of all those secundaire

things that you get in addition to your salary (e.g. bonus, house, car pension etc.)

arbeidsvoorwaarden

working conditions factors affecting the way you work

arbeidsvoorwaarden

benefits the extra things you receive in addition to your salary

voordeel

remuneration (formal word) pay and benefits, especially those of senior managers

beloning, vergoeding

compensation (formal word) pay and benefits, especially those of senior managers

beloning, vergoeding

remuneration package used in the US to talk about all the pay and benefits that employees receive

beloning, vergoeding

compensation package used in the US to talk about all the pay and benefits that employees receive

beloning, vergoeding

share options (BrE) / stock options (AmE)

the right to buy company stock at low prices

aandelenoptie

performance-related bonus

a bonus managers receive when they reach a particular objective

prestatiebonus

compensation money and other benefits that a senior manager (or any employee) receives if they are forced to leave the organization, perhaps after a boardroom row

compensatie, vergoeding, schadevergoeding

boardroom row an argument among the company’s executive managers

bestuursruzie

compensation payment money that a manager (or any employee) receives when they leave employment at a company

compensatie, vergoeding

severance payment money that a manager (or any employee) receives when they leave employment after being laid off, retired or fired

afvloeiingspremie, ontslaguitkering

Severance/compensation package

pay and benefits an employee receives when they leave employment after being laid off, retired or fired

ontslagregeling

fat cat (BrE) very rich and powerful person. This word shows that you dislike people like this.

rijke pief

Unit 6: People and workplaces (OPEN)

management the people who lead and organise a company

management

CEO (= Chief Executive Officer)

the highest-ranking corporate officer in charge of total management of an organisation

finance fund financierenmarketing distribution; sale; the

way in which a product is sold, deciding on its price, the particular shops or areas it should be sold, the way it should be advertised etc.

marketing

white-collar workers someone who works in an office

witteboordenarbeiders, kantoormensen, ambtenaren

blue-collar workers someone who works with his hands

(hand-, fabrieks-) arbeiders

manual workers blue-collar workers (hand)arbeiderssupervisor overseer; a person who

supervises people, activities or places

opziener, opzichter, controleur, chef

shop floor the workers in a factory, opposed to management

werkplaats, werkvloer

labour (BrE) / Labor (AmE)

work arbeid

payroll employed and paid by an organization

loonlijst

employees workers (being paid by an organization)

werknemers

personnel staff werknemers, personeelstaff personnel werknemers, personeelworkers employees werknemersworkforce the people carrying out

the work of a companywerknemers

site location of a company (there might be several)

lokatie

head office headquarters hoofdkantoorheadquarters (= HQ) head office hoofdkantooroffices rooms, or a building

where the business of a commercial or industrial organization is conducted

kantoren

open-plan offices large areas where many people work together

kantoortuin

administrative staff people dealing with administration (admin)

administrative dienst

support staff people dealing with administrative dienst

administration (admin)technical support those giving technical

help to buyers of the company’s products

technische dienst

trade unions (BrE) / labor unions (AmE)

organizations defending the interests of workers

vakbonden

strike workers stop working for a time

staking

stoppage walk-out stakingwalk-out stoppage stakinggo-slow workers continue to

work, but more slowlylangzaamaanactie

overtime ban workers refuse to work more than the usual number of hours

overuren weigeren

human resources department (HRD)

a department in larger organizations dealing with pay and recruitment

personeelszaken

human resources (HR) the people in larger organizations dealing with pay and recruitment

personeelszaken

human resource management (HRM)

the people in larger organizations dealing with pay and recruitment

personeelszaken

personnel department the people in larger organizations dealing with pay and recruitment

personeelszaken

Unit 7: The career ladder (OPEN)

Retirement the age at which people pensioen

retireTo retire to withdraw (=go away)

from working lifemet pensioen gaan

Career path the series of jobs a person has had

carriére

To work your way up the career ladder

moving into better jobs carriére maken

Promotion advancement in position (receiving a more important job)

promotie

Senior a higher and more important job

hooggeplaatst, hoger geplaatst

To demote to move to a less important position in the company

degraderen, terugzetten, in rang verlagen

To resign to leave the company aftreden, ontslag nemenTo hand in your notice to leave the company ontslag nemenTo downsize to reduce the number of

employees in order to reduce costs

inkrimpen, afslanken

To delayer to reduce the number of management layers in a company

van hiërarchische gelaagdheid ontdoen

to restructure to change the way a company is organized

reorganiseren

flatter (a company) fewer layers of management

inkrimpen, afslanken

leaner (a company) fewer, more productive employees

inkrimpen, afslanken

efficiency the quality of being able to do a task without wasting time and energy

efficiëntie

profit(s) revenue winstoutsourced done with the help of

outside companies that do the cleaning, maintenance etc.

uitbesteden

in-house working within a company or organization

binnenshuis, intern uitgevoerd

freelancers independent people who may be working for different companies

freelancers, zelfstandig werkenden

temporary contracts work contract employing people for short periods

tijdelijke contracten

flexibility people’s ability to move to different jobs when necessary

flexibiliteit

job insecurity the feeling of not having a job for long

baanonzekerheid

performance reviews regular meetings with your manager to discuss your job

functionereringsgeprekken

to be dismissed (after having done wegsturen, ontslaan

something wrong in your job you are) fired, sacked, terminated

to be fired to be dismissed, sacked, terminated

ontslagen worden

to be sacked to be dismissed, sacked, terminated, fired

ontslagen worden

to be terminated to be dismissed, sacked, terminated, fired

ontslagen worden

to be laid off (if you have done nothing wrong in your job you are) laid off, or offered early retirement

ontslaan, laten afvloeien, op non-actief stellen

to be made redundant to be laid off, to be offered early retirement

werkeloos worden, overbodig zijn

to be offered early retirement

to be laid off, to be made redundant

vervroegd pensioen aangeboden krijgen

outplacement efforts made to help former employees through the transition to new jobs and help them re-orientate to the job market

vertrekbemiddeling, ontslagbegeleiding

Unit 8: Problems at work (OPEN)

health and safety issues

subjects concerning heating and airconditioning, first aid, fire precautions

gezondheid and veiligheid

bad working environment

A feeling of negativity at the workplace

slechte werkomgeving

health and safety inspectors

persons investigating health and safety measures

gezondheids- en veiligheidsinspecteurs

to bully to use your power to threaten or hurt someone

pesten, lastigvallen

bully someone who uses power to threaten or hurt someone

pestkop

sexual harassment when a person behaves sexually towards another in an unwelcome way

sexuele intimidatie

to harass hound, pester kwellen, tijsteren, lastigvallen

to discriminate against

to treat people differently from others in an unfiar way

dicrimineren

sex discrimination the unfair treatment of someone because of his/her sex

dicriminatie

glass ceiling the situation of women that allows them to get to a certain level in a comapany, but not higher

glazen plafond

racial discrimination the unfair treatment of someone because of his race

rassen discriminatie

racism the unfair treatment of someone because of his/her race

racisme

racist (adjective) offensive remarks about someone’s race

racistisch

a racist the person making a racist remark

racist

affirmative action help in education and employment given to groups who were previously discriminated against

positive discriminatie

equal opportunities same opportunities for everyone

gelijke behandeling

dignity at work policy gedragscode op het werk

Unit 9: Managers, executives and directors (OPEN)

director someone who has responsibility for organising and leading a group of poeple who work together

directeur

board (of directors) the group of people of a company who control and organize it

bestuur

boardroom the room where the board of directors meet

bestuurskamer

non-executive directors

outsiders who have particular knowledge of the industry

commisarissen

the head of a department

the director of a department

hoofd van de afdeling

to head control and/or lead aan het hoofd staanto head up control and/or lead aan het hoofd staanboss the head (of a

department, of an activity)

baas

Executive (= exec) a manager (at quite a high level)

leidinggevende

senior executives a manager (at quite a high level)

leidinggevende

president the top position in a company or organization

directeur

Chief Executive Officer (= CEO)

head of a company hoofddirecteur, algemeen directeur

Chief Operating Officer (= COO)

the person taking care of the day-today running of a company

directeur bedrijfsvoering

Chief Financial Officer (= CFO)

finance director financieel directeur

vice president (VP) senior managers in charge of particular areas

vicepresident, onderdirecteur

top executives the group of directors of a company

Belangrijkste leidinggevenden

executive directors the group of directors of a company

hoofddirecteur (die lid is van de raad van bestuur)

Unit 10: Businesspeople and business leaders (OPEN)

businessman / business man

a man who works in his own business or as a manager in an organization

zakenman

businesswoman / business woman

a woman who works in her own business or as a manager in an organization

zakenvrouw

businessperson / business person

someone who works in his/her own business or as a manager in an organization

zakenmens

businesspeople / business people

a group of people who work in their own business or as a manager in an organization

zakenmensen

entrepreneur someone who starts up, founds or establishes their own company

ondernemer

to found to start, to establish oprichtento establish to found, to start oprichtenfounder someone who starts a

companyoprichter

a start-up a recently found company

pas opgericht (internet)bedrijf

entrepreneurial risk-taking people who start a new business, and their acitvities

ondernemend

to grow become bigger groeienestablishment foundation formatiebusiness empire a large company owned

by one person or familyzakenimperium

business leader successful business people, especially heads of large organizations

Vooraanstaand zakenman/-vrouw

captains of industry successful business people, especially heads of large organizations

grootindustieel, topman in het bedrijfsleven

leadership skills leiderschapskwaliteitenmagnates people in charge of big

business empires. eg. media, press, shipping, oil

magnaat

moguls people in charge of big business empires. Eg. movie, media, shipping

hoge pieten, bonzen

tycoons people in charge of big business empires Eg. property, software

tycoon

Unit 11: Organizations 1 (MC-VRAGEN)

business the activity of producing, buying and selling goods and services

zaken, commercie, handel

a business a firm selling goods or services

bedrijf, zaak

company concern, enterprise onderneming, maatschappij

firm concern firmaconcern enterprise ondernemingbig business large company het groot kapitaal, de

grote zakenwereldenterprise company, concern ondernemingself-employed person working alone,

being both sole owner and only staff of own firm

zelfstandig (met een zelfstandige onderneming)

small or medium enterprise (SME)

kleine of middelgrote onderneming

multinational a large concern with divisions and activities in several countries

idem

corporation large enterprise grote onderneming (nv)corporate to do with a corporation bedrijfs-, ondernemings-corporate culture the way a company’s

employees think and actbedrijfscultuur

corporate headquarters

a company’s main office hoofdkwartier, hoofdkantoor

corporate image all the ideas, opinions, etc. that people have about a company

bedrijfsimago, beeld

corporate ladder the different levels of management in a company

hiërarchie

corporate logo a symbol used by a company on its products, advertising, etc.

bedrijfslogo

corporate profits the money made by companies

bedrijfswinst

commerce business handelDepartment of Commerce

government department dealing with business

ong. Ministerie van Handel & Nijverheid (V.S.)

chambers of commerce

organisation offering services to assist in doing business

kamer van koophandel

electronic commerce Business via the internet zaken doen via internete-commerce Business via the internet Zaken doen via internetcommercial referring to money-

making business activities

handels-, bedrijfs, zakelijk -, commercieel -

commercial airline not state-owned commerciële luchtvaarmaatschappij

commercial artist artist who creates art for commercial purposes,

e.g. advertisingcommercial disaster a business venture gone

(dramatically) wrongeen financieel debâcle

state-owned government-owned overheids -government-owned state-owned overheids -nationalized become state-owned genationaliseerdnationalized companies

Private companies that become state-owned

genationaliseerde bedrijven

bureaucracy the system for running government departments, with its rigid rules and slow decisions

bureaucratie

bureaucratic involving (too many) inefficient officials

bureaucratisch

privatized sold to private investors geprivatiseerdprivatization the process of selling a

government-owned company to a private investor

privatizering

enterprise company onderneming

Unit 12: Organizations 2 (MC-vragen)

freelance self-employed freelancefreelancer self-employed

person, sole trader= iemand die werkt op freelance basis

self-employed freelance zelfstandigsole owner sole proprietor zelfstandig ondernemer /

eigenaarsole proprietor Sole owner zelfstandig ondernemersole trader (BrE) Sole owner zelfstandig ondernemerpartnership organization of

two members as the sole shareholders

associatie / vennootschap

partners the owners of a partnership company

vennoten

limited company (Ltd) company consisting of shareholders with limited liability

NV (bij benadering)

limited liability when personal property mustn’t be used to pay off debts

beperkte aansprakelijkheid

to go bankrupt to run out of money

failliet gaan

assets total resources of a business (cash, securities, inventories, goodwill, machinery, real estate)

bezit (activa) van een bedrijf

limited liability partnership (LLP)

organization owned by two sole shareholders; the company’s debts cannot be paid off by personal property

VOF (bij benadering)

public limited company (PLC)

company whose shares can be bought or sold by anyone

open NV

Incorporated (Inc) referring to US companies with limited liability

NV (V.S.!) (bij benadering)

corporation company with limited liability (US)

handelsmaatschappij

life insurance company mutual owned by members who bought an

levensverzekeringsmaatschappij

insurancemutuals corporations or

trusts investing funds obtained by shareholders

beleggingsfondsen

member lidbuilding societies mutual lending

money to house buyers

hypotheekbanken, bouwfondsen

to demutualize when mutuals become public limited companies with shareholders

proces waarbij een beleggingsfonds een open NV wordt

demutualization when mutuals become public limited companies with shareholders

proces waarbij een beleggingsfonds een open NV wordt

non-profit organization (BrE) / not-for-profit organization (AmE)

organizations with social aims, charities

niet commercieel bedrijf

charities non-profit organizations with social aims

liefdadigheidsinstelling zonder winstoogmerk

voluntary sector charities run by volunteers

vrijwilligerswerk

volunteer unpaid workers vrijwilligerfundraising getting people to

donate money fondsenverwerving

to donate offer money as a gift

schenken

donation financial gift schenking, donatie

Unit 13: Manufacturing and services (MC-vragen)

industry (U) the production of materials and goods

industrie (industriële sector)

industrial relating to industry industrieel, industrie-an industry (C) a particular type of

business activity(bepaald soort) industrie, bedrijfstak

manufacturing industries

industrial production industriële fabricage, fabrieksnijverheid

manufacturing sector industrial sector industrieaerospace production of planes and

space vehiclesruimtevaartindustrie, ruimtevaarttechnologie

cars (BrE) / automobiles (AmE)

car industry auto- industrie

computer hardware mechanical and electronic parts of a computer (incl. screen, keyboard and hard disk)

computer hardware

construction industry concerned with building houses etc.

bouw, constructie

defence (BrE) / defense (AmE)

system of arms, weapons, people that is used to protect a country

verdediging, defensie

electronics mobile phones, etc. electronicafood processing producing canned, frozen

foods, etc.massaproductie van (ingeblikte, bevroren) voedselproducten, voedselverwerkende industrie

household goods washing machines, fridges etc.

huishoudelijke producten

pharmaceuticals medicines farmaceutische producten

steel stronger, more useful metal than iron

staal

textiles cloth and clothes textielservices business activities not

involved with producing goods or materials, but offering different types of assistance

diensten

service(s) industries dienstensectorservice sector dienstensectorcall centres (BrE)call centers (AmE)

dealing with orders, complaints, etc. from customers by phone

call centra

catering restaurants, bars etc. cateringcomputer software computer softwarefinancial services banking, insurance, etc. financiële dienstverleninghealthcare medical care gezondheidszorgleisure sport, theme parks etc. recreatie, vrije tijdmedia books, newspapers, film,

televisionmedia

property (BrE) / real estate (AmE)

buying, selling and managing buildings

onroerend goed

retail shops kleinhandel, detailhandeltelecommunications phone, Internet services telecommunicatietourism travel and holidays toerismeto industrialize set up industries industrialiserenemerging industries new, upcoming industries opkomende (nieuwe)

industrieënheavy industries production of steel,

machineszware industrieën

light industries production of light or small articles e.g. electronics

lichte industrieën

growth industries industries that are expanding rapidly

groeiende industrieën

diversified distinguished by a variety of industries

gevarieërd

Unit 14: The development process (MC-vragen)

market research finding out what people want

marktonderzoek

survey investigation, inspection onderzoek, inspectiein-person survey a method of acquiring

information through short interviews (eg. on the street)

enquete

sample example of a new product

proef, monster

telephone survey a method of acquiring information by phone (eg. a survey on consumer product satisfaction)

Telefonische enquete

to call up to telephone bellenmail survey a method of acquiring

information through a questionnaire sent by regular mail (post)

Schriftelijke enquete per post

low-response rate low number of people who answered the survey

lage respons

online survey a method of acquiring information through an online questionnaire

on-line onderzoek

pool selection of people participating in a survey

steekproef

to take part in to participate in deelnemen aanfocus group interactive group

discussion for research purposes

focusgroep

moderator the person leading the discussion of a focus group

gespreksleider

personal interview a recorded interview for research purposes

persoonlijk gesprek

observation watching consumers in action by videotaping them in stores, watching them at work, etc.

observatie

field trial placing a new product in selected stores to test customer response under real-life selling conditions

Praktijkonderzoek / -test

(software) developer a person who builds new computer software

ontwikkelaar

beta version first version of a computer program

betaversie

to release to allow to be known, exhibited

publiceren

to try out to test uitproberenbug software problem programmeerfout,

storing, defect, mankement, of: virus

designer professional in charge of creating new product

ontwerper

prototype trial model, preliminary version

prototype

researcher professional doing research

onderzoeker

laboratory room, building, facility used for experiments, doing research

laboratorium

to test to examine a someone or something, to check something to find out if it works

testen

to trial to test, try out uitproberentrial experiment, test (testing

the effectiveness of drugs – clinical trial)

proef, experiment

testing (BrE & AmE) trying new products & services

testen

trialling (AmE) trying new products & services; testing the effectiveness of drugs – clinical trial

(klinisch) onderzoek

effective usable, performing well effectiefsafe without danger veiligrollout to introduce a new

product or service to test reaction

op de markt brengen

product launch the actual moment when a product officially becomes available

lanceren van een product

design defect design fault ontwerpfoutdesign fault design defect ontwerpfoutto recall take back to correct a

defectterugnemen, terugroepen door fabrikant om een fabrieksfout te herstellen

Unit 15: Innovation and invention (MC-vragen)

to design to make plans or drawings for how something is to be made

ontwerpen

a design plan or drawing for something

ontwerp

designer a professional who designs things

ontwerper

to develop to make a new idea successful

ontwikkelen

a development more elaborate, improved form of a product

ontwikkeling

developer someone who creates new ideas and products

ontwikkelaar (bijv. productontwikkelaar)

to innovate to think of new ideas, methods, products, etc.

vernieuwen

an innovation a new or changed product or idea

vernieuwing, innovatie

innovator someone who invents new products, ideas

vernieuwer

to invent to design and make something for the first time

uitvinden

an invention create, make up, produce something for the first time

uitvinding

inventor someone who makes, produces new things

uitvinder

R&D (= Research and Development)

Research & Development onderzoek en ontwikkeling

research centre (BrE) / research center (AmE)

onderzoekscentrum

laboratory room, building, facility used for experiments, research

laboratorium

innovative inventing or using new ideas, methods equipment, products, etc.

vernieuwendinnoverend

breakthrough major advance in knowledge etc.

doorbraak

to release to allow to be known, exhibited

publiceren

cutting edge simply the best or competing with the best in the business

vooroplopend, tot de top behorend op een bepaald gebied; hypermodern, avant-garde

leading edge in the forefront aan de spits;vooropstate-of-the-art the latest style, the most

modern techniqueshet nieuwste van het nieuwste

hi-tech the most advanced and sophisticated technology

hi-tech

low-tech old technology (sometimes even from before the industrial revolution)

low-tech

obsolete antiquated, no longer used or applicable

verouderd, achterhaald

future-proof guaranteed not to be set aside by future versions, developments

Toekomst-bestendig

patent legal right to make or sell an invention, preventing others from doing so

patent

under licence with official permission of the company that usually makes a product

in licentie, met officiële toestemming

licence (BrE) / license (AmE)

official permission (in writing)

licentie, vergunning

to license allow person to do something

toestemming geven

royalties payments made by companies to use a design under licence in their own products

royalty’s, aandeel in de opbrengst

copyright the exclusive legal right to protect a product etc. against being copied without prior permission from the owner or writer

auteursrecht

copyright infringement

the unauthorized or prohibited use of works under copyright

Schending van het auteursrecht

illegal downloading unauthorized use of computer programs, multimedia (audio, images, and video), documents, etc.

illegaal downloaden

piracy unauthorized use of computer programs, multimedia (audio, images, and video), documents, etc.

piraterij

fake not real, counterfeit valsbrand name a name that a company

gives to its products so that they can be easily recognized

merknaam

trademark a recognizable symbol used on the product

handelsmerk

intellectual property an idea, design etc. that belongs to a person or organisation and cannot be sold or copied without the owner’s permission

intellectueel eigendom

Unit 16: Products and Services (OPEN)

a product thing or substance produced by manufacturer

product, voortbrengsel

products /goods merchandise producten, koopwaarproduce agricultural products producten, oogst,

opbrengst (in het bijzonder fruit + groente)

a service economic activity, done to help or benefit others

dienst

to produce/make/ manufacture

make on a large scale by machinery

maken, produceren, voortbrengen

manufactured made in a plant or factory

gefabriceerd

agricultural relating to/used in farming

landbouw-, boeren-

producer/ maker/ manufacturer

maker producent, fabrikant

manufacture/manufacturing/ production

making or production of goods and materials

productie, fabricage

a provider person or firm that leverancier, verschafferto provide give, supply leveren, verschaffena workshop room or building

where manufacture is carried on

werkplaats, werkvloer

hand-made made by hand, not mass-produced by machinery

met de hand gemaakt

craft industry sector that involves products made using handicraft skills

handvaardigheids-/ ambachtsindustrie

labour intensive (BrE) / labor intensive (AmE)

taking a lot of work to produce a piece

arbeidsintensief

assembly line / production line

a factory system in which parts or components of the end product are transported by a conveyor through a number of different sites

lopende band

manufacturing plant large factory (grote) fabriekto churn out produce quickly and

in large numbersin grote hoeveelheden produceren

industrial robots automatically controlled machines to improve productivity +

industriële robots

qualitycost-effective economical

compared with money spent

rendabel

CAD computer aided design

technische ontwerpen vervaardigd m.b.v. computers

CAM computer aided manufacturing

computergestuurde fabricage

computer-assisted/ -aided using computer software to control machinery

ondersteund door computers

plant/factory production plant fabriekworks (= old-fashioned word)

large factory (grote) fabriek

output product quantity after manufacturing process

productie, opbrengst

productivity a measure of how much is produced in relation to the number of employees

productiviteit, rendement

(to work at full) capacity maximum amount that a particular plant, company or industry can produce

capaciteit, vermogen (werken op volle kracht, maximaal vermogen)

overproduction producing more than what is needed

overproductie

overcapacity/excess capacity/spare capacity/surplus capacity

being able to produce more than what is needed

overcapaciteit

surplus/glut situation where supply exceeds demand

overschot, teveel

shortage situation where demand exceeds supply

tekort

Unit 17: Materials and suppliers (OPEN)

raw materials the basic materials out of which articles are manufactured

grondstoffen

component/part element component, (onder)deelaerospace ruimte- (vaart)automotive auto-, automobielreplacement taking the place of,

substitutingvervangend

spare in reserve for use when needed

reserve

input resources that are put into a system to obtain a desired output

basisproduct, uitgangsproduct

labour workers and managers werkkrachtencapital money needed to run a

businesskapitaal

knowledge acquaintance with or understanding of a particular subject

kennis

work-in-progress (BrE) / work-in-process (AmE)

unfinished goods in the process of being manufactured

niet afgewerkte goederen

goods merchandise, products goederenfinished goods products ready for sale eindproductenstocks (BrE) / inventories (AmE)

all goods in store voorraden, inventaris

a manufacturing operation

production process productieproces

a supplier provider of materials and components

leverancier, producent

a partner associate or associate company

partner, firmant, compagnon

subcontracting using outside suppliers to provide components and services

(onder)aanbesteding, toelevering

outside suppliers external provider externe leverancier; leverancier die geen deel uit maakt v.h. bedrijf, leverancier van buiten

outsourcing using outside suppliers outsourcing, uitbestedingin-house within the company intern, binnen het bedrijfin stock store or goods available

for sale or useop voorraad

to finance to pay for financierento store deposit, lay up, put in

warehousesopslaan

a warehouse building to store goods magazijn, opslagruimte, pakhuis

to handle move stocks from one place to another

afhandelen, verwerken, transporteren

JIT (= just-in-time) as and where they are op tijd; niet te laat maar

needed ook niet te vroeg !lean manufacturing / production

producing as quickly and cheaply as possible without waste

efficiënte productie, in afgeslankte, kostenbesparende vorm

efficient effective, producing a desired or satisfactory result

efficient, productief, doelmatig

Unit 18: Business philosophies (MC-vragen)

a production line a factory system in which parts or components of the end product are transported by a conveyor through a number of different sites

lopende band

mass production producing large numbers of similar products

massaproductie

standard (product) commonly used or supplied standaard-standardization making standard, regular standaardizering,

normaliseringcustom-built/ tailor-made

made to order (according to the wishes of a particular group of customers)

gebouwd/gemaakt volgens de wensen van de koper

specifications details, instructions of something to be made or done

specificaties

a requirement something needed, ordered or insisted upon

vereiste, eis

a need something felt to be necessary

behoefte

mass customization

poduction in large numbers of custom-built goods to meet consumers’ needs

massa-aanpassing aan de wensen van de koper

a buyer customer, person or organization that buys (gets something by paying a price)

koper

Wikinomics a form of mass collaboration on the Internet to solve problems and develop products

Wikinomics

collaboration people and companies working together

samenwerking, medewerking

mass collaboration a large number of people working together

massa-samenwerking

outsourcing using outside suppliers outsourcing, uitbestedinga prosumer customer who contributes to

the design and development of products

‘professionele consument’ met actieve rol in het productieproces

peer-collaboration working together with other people in the same field

samenwerking door groep gelijken/collega’s etc.

co-creation product development and improvement by producers in collaboration with customers/ end-users

co-creatie

the long tail a frequency distribution pattern; when companies sell a large variety of products online, a graph of all products sold generates the long tail

de lange staart is een begrip dat wordt gebruikt om een groot aanbod te beschrijven dat slechts een klein publiek dient, maar gezamenlijk een groter

marktpotentieel heeft dan de marktleider op zich.

a model way of doing things model, voorbeelda catalogue a complete list of things,

usually arranged systematically

catalogus; (was)lijst, opsomming

economies of scale a way to decrease production or development costs

schaalvoordelen

a learning curve a company learns from experience how to work more quickly and efficiently

leercurve

benchmarking testing one’s performance trying to copy best practice

niveau peilen met de beste performer als voorbeeld, referentiepunt

performance achieved results prestatie, resultaatbest practice a method to copy the

performance of top achievers through continuous evaluation

beste praktijk: beoordelingsmethode van kwaliteit op basis van praktijkervaring en voortdurende evaluatie

to halve lessen by one half halveren, in tweeën delenindustrial secret undisclosed information

about a company’s better performance in a particular area, to be kept from competitors

industrieel geheim

Unit 19: Buyers, sellers and the market (OPEN)

a customer person or organization that buys things

klant

a client person or organization that buys the services of professionals

klant

a customer / client base

group of (potential) buyers

klantenbasis

clientele people who buy a company’s or a professional’s products or services (especially expensive or exclusive ones)

clientèle / klantenkring

a user person who uses products or services (not necessarily the buyer)

gebruiker

an end-user person who uses products or services, particularly computer equipment and other technology (not necessarily the buyer)

eindgebruiker, verbruiker

a consumer someone buying goods/services for his/her own use

consument

a buyer/purchaser person or organisation that buys something

koper

a buying / purchasing manager

person in a company responsible for buying goods that it uses or sells

inkoopmanager

an industrial buyer organization that buys things for producing its own goods/services

industrieel koper

a seller person or organisation that sells something

verkoper

a vendor person or organisation that sells something (for example property)

verkoper (bijv. onroerend goed)

a street vendor person selling something in the street

straatverkoper

a vending machine machine from which you can buy coffee, cigarettes etc.

verkoopautomaat

the market place (real or imaginary) where buyers and sellers meet

de markt

the free market an economic system depending on what people want to buy and what they’re willing to pay

de vrije markt

market economy an economic system markteconomie

depending on what people want to buy and what they’re willing to pay

market pressures / forces

the way a market economy makes sellers produce what people want to buy, at prices they are willing to pay

marktwerking

marketplace producers and buyers and the way they behave in a certain market economy

de marktsituatie in een bepaalde sector

market prices prices people are willing to pay (not fixed by the government)

marktprijs

market reforms changes to the economy by a government to make it more of a market economy

markthervormingen

Unit 20: Markets and competitors (MC-vragen)

a market buyers and sellers of goods and services in a particular place

markt

the market area, country, in which goods may be sold

markt, afzetgebied

to enter a market offering a product in the market, selling it for the first time

de markt opgaan met een product

to penetrate a market selling a product in the market for the first time or selling more and more

de markt binnendringen

to abandon / to get out of / to leave a market

stop selling a product de markt verlaten

to dominate a market being the most important seller in the market

de markt beheersen / overheersen

to corner a market becoming the main company selling there

de markt voor zich opeisen en de grootste worden

to monopolize a market

being the only company selling there

een markt voor zich opeisen, geheel in beslag nemen (als enige)

to drive another company out of the market

making the other companies leave the market, outcompeting them

een andere firma wegconcurreren

market growth market increase in size, value

marktgroei

market segment distinct part of the market

marktsegment

market segmentation divide market into distinct parts or sections (according to age, sex, lifestyle etc.)

marktsegmentatie / opsplitsing

market share part of the market conquered by a company

marktaandeel

market leader top seller in the market marktleidera competitor/rival person or organization

that competes with another

concurrent

to compete strive against others to attain a goal (position, profit)

concurreren

key players major, most important companies in a particular market

marktleiders

competition the activity of trying to sell more, be more successful than others

concurrentie

intense/stiff/fierce/ tough competition

strong competition felle / sterke concurrentie

low-key competition weak competition slappe concurrentiethe competition group of products and

businesses competing in a particular situation

concurrentie, mededinging

Abbreviations

BPR (= business process re-engineering )

comprehensive redesigning of processes within a business

bedrijfsprocesverbeter-techniek

CEO (= Chief Executive Officer)

head of a company hoofddirecteur, algemeen directeur

CFO (= Chief Financial Officer)

finance director financieel directeur

COO (= Chief Operating Officer)

the person taking care of the day-to-day running of a company

directeur bedrijfsvoering

CV (= curriculum vitae) (BrE) / résumé, resume (AmE)

the ‘story’ of a working life; an account of a person’s qualifications, interests and work experience

curriculum vitae

Exec (= Executive) a manager (at quite a high level)

leidinggevende

HQ (= headquarters) head office hoofdkantoorHR (= human resources)

the people in larger organizations dealing with pay and recruitment

personeelszaken

HRD (= human resources department)

a department in larger organizations dealing with pay and recruitment

personeelszaken

HRM (= human resource management)

the people in larger organizations dealing with pay and recruitment

personeelszaken

Inc (= Incorporated; AmE)

referring to US companies with limited liability

(in NL te vergelijken met) NV

JIT (just-in-time) as and where they are needed

op tijd, niet te laat maar ook niet te vroeg!

PLC (= public limited company; BrE)

company whose shares can be bought or sold on the Stock Exchange by anyone (limited liability)

(in NL te vergelijken met) NV

Ltd (BrE)/ltd (AmE) (= private limited company)

company consisting of limited number of shareholders with limited liability. It may not offer its shares to the public

(in NL te vergelijken met) BV

R&D (= Research and Development)

Research & Development onderzoek en ontwikkeling

SME (= small or medium enterprise)

small or medium-sized business

kleine of middelgrote onderneming

TQM (= total quality management)

employees meeting to discuss, suggest improvements

integrale kwaliteitszorg (IKZ)

VP (= vice president) senior manager in charge of particular areas

vicepresident, onderdirecteur