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Embedded Systems 1 22.11.2016 HS Düsseldorf (c) U.Schaarschmidt 1 Embedded Systems I © Ulrich Schaarschmidt FH Düsseldorf, WS 2016/17 Themen am 22.11.2016: 8/16 Bit Mikrocontroller von Atmel XMEGA „neue“ Baugruppen (z.B. ADC, DMA, DAC) anhand von Beispielen (1. Teil) Bitte OHP-/Tafel-Notizen selbst mitschreiben! ES1_16_V7 22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 2 Literaturhinweise Inneltek, nn.: Atmel AVR XMEGA Workshop am 05.11.09 Atmel, nn.: Atmel Traning: XMEGA Basics Workshop am 05.11.09 Atmel, nn.: Atmel Training DMAC Workshop am 05.11.09 Atmel, nn.: Atmel Traning: XMEGA Event System Hands-on Workshop am 05.11.09 Atmel, nn.: AVR_AVR32_ Quick Reference Guide.pdf
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Page 1: Embedded Systems (1) - Hochschule Düsseldorf · Embedded Systems I ... Embedded Systems 1 22.11.2016 HS Düsseldorf (c) U ... XMEGA Training: Analog to Digital Converter (ADC)

Embedded Systems 1 22.11.2016

HS Düsseldorf (c) U.Schaarschmidt 1

Embedded Systems I

© Ulrich Schaarschmidt

FH Düsseldorf, WS 2016/17

Themen am 22.11.2016: 8/16 – Bit Mikrocontroller von Atmel XMEGA

„neue“ Baugruppen (z.B. ADC, DMA, DAC) anhand von

Beispielen (1. Teil)

Bitte OHP-/Tafel-Notizen selbst mitschreiben! ES1_16_V7

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 2

Literaturhinweise

Inneltek, nn.:

Atmel AVR XMEGA

Workshop am 05.11.09

Atmel, nn.:

Atmel Traning: XMEGA Basics

Workshop am 05.11.09

Atmel, nn.:

Atmel Training DMAC

Workshop am 05.11.09

Atmel, nn.:

Atmel Traning: XMEGA Event System Hands-on

Workshop am 05.11.09

Atmel, nn.:

AVR_AVR32_ Quick Reference Guide.pdf

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Embedded Systems 1 22.11.2016

HS Düsseldorf (c) U.Schaarschmidt 2

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 3

Literaturhinweise

Atmel, nn.:

Atmel AVR XMEGA A Manual

Atmel Datenblatt

Atmel, nn.: AVR® XMEGA (TM ) – PMIC Introduction

XMEGA Training: Programmable Multilevel Interrupt Controller

Atmel, nn.:

Getting Started With the XMEGA Event System

Atmel AN AVR1001

Atmel, nn.:

AVR® XMEGA™ – Analog to Digital Converter Introduction

XMEGA Training: Analog to Digital Converter (ADC)

Atmel, nn.: XMEGA-ADC-Hands-on.pdf

Quellenhinweise

Cullen, Gerard; Editor, Staff of Geist Technology:

Low-Cost Web Servers (Web-Enable Almost Anything for Almost

Nothing)

www.geisttek.com

www.atmel.com/dyn/products/datasheets.asp?family_id=682

http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmel_AVR32

http://www.avrfreaks.net/wiki/

http://www.avrtv.com/2007/06/29/avrtv-special-002/

http://myavr.de/

http://www.t2-project.org/architectures/avr32/?architectures/avr32.html

Tanenbaum, Andrew S.: Computerarchitektur; 5. Aufl. 2006 Pearson

Studium

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 4

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Embedded Systems 1 22.11.2016

HS Düsseldorf (c) U.Schaarschmidt 3

Spezielle Atmel - Websites

http://www.atmel.com/avr

Selection Guides, Data Sheets and Errata Sheets

Application Notes and Reference Library

Atmel and Third Party ToolsS

Software, User Guides

Consultants, Distributors and Atmel Representatives

http://support.atmel.no

Official Atmel MCU technical support center with FAQ and email notification

service

http://www.avrtv.com

Official AVR podcasts

http://www.avrfreaks.net

AVR Experts Discussion Forum, Selection Guides for Tools and Products, Third

Party Tools Information, FAQs

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 5

Xplain evaluation board

ATxmega128A1

Switches (8x)

LEDs (8x)

32kHz RTC crystal

NTC resistor

Speaker

Potmeter

64Mbit SDRAM

4Mbit Dataflash

AT90USB1287

Gateway to USB

JTAG connector

USB-powered

22.11.2016 6 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D

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AVR XMEGA Key Benefits

picoPower technology for ultra low power consumption

True 1.6 volt operation and CPU speed up to 32 MHz

Event System and DMA Controller

High speed, high resolution 12-bit ADC and DAC

Crypto engine, Timers/Counters and fast

communication interfaces

Accurate and flexible Clock System with dynamic clock

switching

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 7

Einige Key Benefits

herausgehoben und erläutert

Pico Power wird auf den folgenden Folien

erläutert.

DMA -> Direct Memory Access – direkter

Zugriff auf das Speichersystem OHNE die

CPU zu belasten (d.h., dass die CPU

schlafen (Energie sparen) oder etwas

ganz anderes machen/rechnen kann).

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 8

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Embedded Systems 1 22.11.2016

HS Düsseldorf (c) U.Schaarschmidt 5

DMA – direct memory access

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 9

DMA-Controller

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 10

[ http://www.atmel.com/products/microcontrollers/avr/xmega_technical_details.aspx ]

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HS Düsseldorf (c) U.Schaarschmidt 6

Xmega - Event-System

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 11

[AVR1005: Getting started with XMEGA]

Event-System

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 12

8 Event Routing Channels

CPU and DMA independent operation

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HS Düsseldorf (c) U.Schaarschmidt 7

picoPower - Best MCU power budget

Atmel’s picoPower technology reduces

power consumption in both sleep and

active mode. With picoPower technology

the embedded designer can reduce the

applications power consumption while

maintaining performance.

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 13

True 1.6 Volt Operation

AVR XMEGA offers true 1.6 Volt

operation. All functions including ADC,

DAC, Flash- and EEPROM memories are

all operating down to 1.6V. This allows

safe operation directly from a 1.8V ±10%

power supply. It also enables deeper

battery discharge to increase battery life.

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 14

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Minimized Leakage Current Ultra

Low Power 32 kHz Crystal Oscillator

AVR XMEGA leakage current is only 100

nA while still maintaining full RAM and

register retention. This reduces power

consumption for applications spending

most time in sleep mode.

AVR XMEGA’s Real Time Counter

consumes only 500 nA while running from

a 32.768 kHz Crystal Oscillator.

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 15

AVR® XMEGA

TM – Demo

SRAM

Buffer

Timer Trigger

Event System Event Channel 0 Event Channel 1

... Event Channel 7

PORT

DMA

Trigger

Source

A timer triggers a DMA transfer from a SRAM buffer to

a port in an endless loop without CPU load.

22.11.2016 16 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D

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Stromverbrauch durch differenzierte

Sleep-Modes reduzieren

Minimized Leakage Current

AVR XMEGA leakage current is only 100 nA while still maintaining

full RAM and register retention. This reduces power consumption

for applications spending most time in sleep mode.

Ultra Low Power 32 kHz Crystal Oscillator

AVR XMEGA’s Real Time Counter consumes only 500 nA while

running from a 32.768 kHz Crystal Oscillator.

Sleep modes

XMEGA has five different sleep modes to turn off unused modules

and reduce the power consumption in the application. Many

sleep modes makes it easy to find the perfect fit for the application.

The granularity is further enhanced by the innovative Power

Reduction Register technology.

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 17

Stromverbrauch durch differenzierte

Sleep-Modes reduzieren

in idle sleep mode all peripherals operate while the CPU is

sleeping to reduce the power consumption. with up to 50%, while

event handling, communication and data input/output still run.

in power-save mode, XMEGA uses 650nA to run the Real Time

Counter and have full SRAM and register retention offering industry

leading low power numbers. Enabling Watchdog and Brown Out

adds only 1uA.

in power-down mode, XMEGA uses only 100nA with SRAM and

register retetion, and 5us wake-up time from pin change on any i/O

pin and TWi address match.

Standby and extended standby sleep modes are identical to

power-down and power-save, except the external oscillator is kept

running to reduce wake-up time.

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 18

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HS Düsseldorf (c) U.Schaarschmidt 10

XMEGA – Betriebsmodi

zum Energiesparen

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 19

XMEGA – Betriebsmodi

zum Energiesparen

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 20

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HS Düsseldorf (c) U.Schaarschmidt 11

XMEGA – Betriebsmodi

zum Energiesparen

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 21

Atmel‘s 2nd

generation

„pico power“

True 1.6V operation

Flash, Analog, EEPROM, Oscillators down to

1.6V

Enable 1.8V +/-10% power supply

Lowest power 32 kHz Crystal Oscillator

650nA RTC

Low leakage Process Technology

100nA

1 μA Watchdog and Brown-Out

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 22

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HS Düsseldorf (c) U.Schaarschmidt 12

XMEGA A3B

Include all XMEGA A3 features, plus:

32-bit Real Time Counter with Battery Backup System

Targets low power applications that require battery

backup for the clock

Real Time Counter keeps running when main power

is lost

Automatic power switching

Only 500 nA to power:

32-bit Real Time Counter

32.768 kHz Crystal

Backup register

32.768 kHz XTAL oscillator failure detection

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 23

Atmel XMEGA

(Aufruf der pdf-Dateien)

XMEGA introduction.pdf

AVR_XMEGA_A_Manual.pdf

XMEGA-Basics Introduction.pdf

XMEGA-Basics Hands-on.pdf

XMEGA-Basics Summary.pdf

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 24

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AVR CPU und Befehlssatz

(Instruction Set)

The AVR XMEGA uses the AVR RISC

CPU which is created for high level C code

development. The instruction set and CPU

design are tuned for minimum code size

and maximum execution speed. Due to the

true single cycle execution of arithmetic and

logic operations, AVR microcontrollers

perform close to 1 MIPS per MHz.

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 25

AVR CPU und Befehlssatz

(Instruction Set)

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 26

Central in the AVR architecture is the

fast-access register file with 32 x 8-bit

general purpose working registers

directly connected to the Arithmetic Logic

Unit. Within a single clock cycle the ALU

can be fed two arbitrary registers, do a

requested operation, and write back the

result. The AVR XMEGA instruction set

also support atomic 16-bit register

access, 32-bit arithmetics, and have

three 24-bit memory pointers.

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Packaging Range 1/2

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 27

Packaging Range 2/2

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 28

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HS Düsseldorf (c) U.Schaarschmidt 15

AVR XMEGA is delivered in diff. package

options, including fully green versions

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 29

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 30

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Crypto Engine

AVR XMEGA includes a crypto engine for 64-bit DES

and 128-bit AES encryption and decryption.

There are no export limitations for the AVR XMEGA with

crypto engine, so using XMEGA for crypto function do

not limit where you can sell your product.

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 31

Analog – Digital - Wandler

AVR XMEGA is highly integrated

with high performance 12-bit

ADC and DAC. The ADC support

up to 2 million samples

per second. The DAC has

conversion rates up to 1 msps

and comes with built-in offset and

gain compensation. XMEGA

also include several analog

comparators with window

function and flexible input

selection.

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 32

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HS Düsseldorf (c) U.Schaarschmidt 17

Clock – System

(Zeit-Management)

AVR XMEGA’s clock system allow flexible change of

frequency. Dynamic Clock Switching allows the Embedded

Designer to tune performance and power consumption to

fit the application. The internal PLL and prescaler can be

used to scale the clock sources dynamically up or down to

further match application requirements. With a built-in

External Oscillator failure detection and internal RC

oscillator with ± 1% accuracy over temperature and

voltage, XMEGA offers the most safe, reliable and flexible

clock system.

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 33

Clock – System

(Zeit-Management)

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 34

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HS Düsseldorf (c) U.Schaarschmidt 18

Flexible Input / Output

Konfiguration

AVR XMEGA offers flexible I/O pin configu-

ration with various sensing, wake-up,

synchronous/asynchronous, and driver

settings. I/O pin’s direction, value and logic

state are read through separate registers.

The optional Slew-Rate limitation reduces

EMI. Virtual ports registers allow single cycle

pin manipulation. This makes software for

bit-banging smaller and faster. 22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 35

Timer / Counter

All AVR XMEGA Timer/Counter modules are

16-bit with Input Capture and Pulse Width

Modulation (PWM) functionality. Up to 128 MHz

PWM is possible from internal PLL by using the

Hi-Res extension. Using the Event System and

Advanced Waveform Extension (AWeX) and

high resolution extention, implementation

ofadvanced motor control (AC, BLDC, SR, and

Stepper) and power control applications is made

easy.

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 36

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Timer / Counter

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 37

Timer / Counter

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 38

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Timer / Counter

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 39

Timer / Counter

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 40

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Timer / Counter

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 41

Timer / Counter

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 42

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Interfaces

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 43

Übungsaufgaben zu Xmega

AVRs (vom 22.11.16)

Welche „Features“ aus der „großen“ EDV

wurden zur Leistungssteigerung in die

Atmel - XMega-Familie eingebaut?

Wie ist das Energiemanagement in der

XMega-Familie realisiert?

Notieren Sie 5 Erweiterungen/neue

Features/Verbesserungen/Unterschiede

von Atmega zu ATXmega!

22.11.2016 (c) U.G. Schaarschmidt, HS D 44