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EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013) Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa Angaw Tsige EIAR N2Africa Ethiopia Launch Workshop 27-28 February 2014
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EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Jun 14, 2015

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Technology

Lance Robinson

Presented by Angaw Tsige (EIAR) at the N2Africa Ethiopia Launch Workshop, Addis Ababa, 27-28 February 2014


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Page 1: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

በሀዋሳ ዩኒቨርሰቲ የም ርም ርና ልማት ዳይሬክቶሬት ከN 2 Africa ፕሮጀክት

ጋር በመተባበር ያ ዘጋጀ የ አርሶ አደሮች የመስክ በዓል 23 ጥቅምት 2006 ዓ.ም.

HAWASSA UNIVERSITY – RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

DIRECTORATE in collaboration with N2 Africa project

Farmers’ field day

Boricha፣ yirba

02 November, 2013

EIAR progress report on N2Africa

bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa

Angaw Tsige

EIAR

N2Africa Ethiopia Launch Workshop

27-28 February 2014

Page 2: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)
Page 3: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

BNF study in Ethiopia in 1980s.

The study had no sustainable support and research plan until

late 1990s

1. Introduction

Most institutions have been started to demonstrate very fruitful

results and been able to create demands for their product;

few strains

one multiplication center

Few expertise

However, there was all round challenges and limitations

Page 4: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Project area N2Africa – Ethiopia (EIAR)

Debre Zeite ARC

Chefe Donsa and Adaa districts, East Shewa, Oromia Regional State

Melkasa ARC

Shalla district, West Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State

Pawe ARC

Mandura district, of Benshangul Gumuz Regional State

Page 5: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Test crops for the project

Page 6: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Crop Types Land area

(ha)

Yield

(t/ha)

Potential

yield (t/ha) Sources

Faba bean 459,183 1.5 5.0 CSA, 2010

Common bean 237,366 1.4 3.0 CSA, 2010

Chick pea 208,388 1.5 3.0 CSA, 2010

Field pea 203,991 1.3 CSA, 2010

Lentil 73,341 1.0 CSA, 2010

Vetch 131,043 1.5 CSA, 2010

Soybean 11,261 1.4 4.0 CSA, 2010

Table 1: Area under cultivation, average yields and potential yields in

Ethiopia (2010)

Page 7: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Baby Trial = legume varieties vs inorganic P fertilizer vs inoculant

‘Input trial’ = a legume variety vs inorganic P fertilizer vs

inoculant

‘Variety trial’ = legume varieties vs inorganic P fertilizer and

inoculant

3. Project bridging activities run during 2013/2014

cropping season

Page 8: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

1 Melkasa Common

Bean

Awash 1 - -

2 Nasir - -

3 Awash 1 25 kg /ha DAP +

4 Nasir 25 kg /ha DAP +

No. Responsible

Center

Crop types Variety Fertilizer Inoculant

1 Debre Zeit Chickpea Yelbe - -

2 Natoli - -

3 Yelbe 25 kg /ha DAP +

4 Natoli 25 kg /ha DAP +

1 Pawe Common

Bean

Awash 1 - -

2 Nasir - -

3 Awash 1 25 kg /ha DAP +

4 Nasir 25 kg /ha DAP +

25 kg ha DAP 4.5 N

11.5 P2O5

Inoculant = CP 41

Inoculant = HB EAL429

Page 9: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Responsible

Center

Crop

types Sites * Site Code Plot Size Spacing

Debre Zeit Chickpea Chefe Donsa Eth-CD01 10m x 10m 30cm x 10cm

Udee 10m x 10m 30cm x 10cm

Melkasa Common

Bean

Lencha

leman

Eth-LL01 10m x 10m 30cm x 10cm

Awara

Gama

Eth-AG02 10m x 10m 30cm x 10cm

Fande Ejersa Eth-FE03 10m x 10m 30cm x 10cm

Pawe Common

Bean

Jigda Eth-M01 10m x 10m 30cm x 10cm

Dehoanzibag

una

Eth-M02 10m x 10m 30cm x 10cm

Edida Eth-M02 10m x 10m 30cm x 10cm

* conducted on 15 farmers’ fields, 5 farmers per Kebele

Page 10: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

1 Melkasa Common

Bean

Nasir - -

2 Nasir 25 kg /ha DAP -

3 Nasir - +

4 Nasir 25 kg /ha DAP +

No. Responsible

Center

Crop types Variety Fertilizer Inoculant

1 Debre Zeit Chickpea Natoli - -

2 Natoli 25 kg /ha DAP -

3 Natoli - +

4 Natoli 25 kg /ha DAP +

1 Pawe Common

Bean

Nasir - -

2 Nasir 25 kg/ha DAP -

3 Nasir - +

4 Nasir 25 kg /ha DAP +

25 kg ha DAP 4.5 N

11.5 P2O5

Inoculant = CP 41

Inoculant = HB EAL 429

Page 11: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Responsible

Center

Crop/

Variety

District,

FTC Site Code Plot Size Soils

Debre Zeit Chickpea/

Arerti

Adaa/ Udee,

East Shewa

Eth-A 3m x 4m Vertisols

Melkasa Common

Bean/

Nasir

Shala, West

Arsi zone

Eth-Sh 3m x 4m Andosols

Pawe Common

Bean/

Nasir

Mandura,

BGR

Eth-M 3m x 4m Nitisols

Page 12: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Shalla district Mandura district Varieties used

ECAB0081 Argene ECAB0081

GLP2 Awash Dume GLP2

ECAB0056 Awash Melka ECAB0056

Nassir Awash-1 Nassir

Awash1 Dimtu Awash1

Deme Dinkinesh Deme

Dinkinesh IBADO Dinkinesh

Dimitu Nassir Dimitu

A/Melka Sari A/Melka

Argene

Awash Dume

IBADO

Sari

Common bean Varieties

Page 13: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Project achievements

Results

Other project activities undertaken in 2013

Results

Page 14: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

BMY (t/ha) Wihout inoculant BMY (t/ha) With inoculant

Figure 1. Effect of DAP and inoculants on Biomass yield of

Chickpea (Arerti) on farmers field ‘Baby Trial’ Chefe Donsa

Page 15: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

1.40

1.60

1.80

Po P1 Po P1 Po P1 Po P1 Po P1 Po P1

AbebechDesse

MesfinAlemayehu

DagneTesema

DagneTesema

GemechuSagn

Teshome

GY (T/ha) Wihoutinoculant

GY (T/ha) Withinoculant

Figure 2. Effect of DAP and inoculants on Grain yield of Chickpea

(Arerti) on farmers field ‘Baby Trial’ Chefe Donsa

Page 16: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

‘Baby Trial’ Shalla

Yield Response of two common beanvarieties to fertilizer and inoculant across kebele

Fande Ejersa Awara Gama Lencha leman

Gra

in Y

ield

of c

omm

on b

ean

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Awsh1

Awsh1+DAP+Inoculant

Nassir

Nassir+DAP+Inoculant

Figure 3. Response of two common bean to DAP and inoculants

across farmers field at different kebeles

Page 17: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500 Fande Ejersa Awara Gama Lencha lemanG

rain

yie

ld (

Kg/h

a)

‘Baby Trial’ Shalla

Page 18: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

Nasir AwashMelka

Nasir AwashMelka

Nasir AwashMelka

Nasir AwashMelka

Nasir AwashMelka

Nasir AwashMelka

Without Inputs

With Inputs

Gra

in y

ield

, Kg

ha

-1

‘Baby Trial’ at Mandura

Page 19: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Input Trial at Mandura

Treatment Plant height

(cm)

Biomass Yield

(t /ha)

Grain Yield

(t /ha)

25kgDAP 51.4 1.90 1.61

25kgDAP & Inoculant 45.6 1.68 1.33

Inoculant 45.93 1.48 1.23

Without Inputs 46.53 1.50 1.20

CV 11.4 21.72 23.38

LSD ns ns ns

Table 1. Effect of DAP fertilizer and inoculants on common bean

Nassir variety Nassir (biomass and grain yield)

Page 20: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Table 2. Effect of DAP fertilizer and inoculants on common bean

Nassir variety yield components, biomass and nodulation of

Treatment No. of

Pod/ plant

seed/

pod

Grain

Yield

(t ha-1)

Biomass (t

ha-1)

Nodules

/plant

DAP + Inoculant 11.3a 5.0a 3.67a 6.67a 33.5a

DAP 7.1b 4.7a 2.79b 5.33ab 31.03a

Inoculant 6.7b 3.7b 2.47b 6.33ab 31.9a

Nasir (Control) 5.6b 2.7c 1.79c 5.80b 29.8a

LSD 3.29 1 0.78 0.89 9.13

CV (%) 21.4 12.5 14.6 7.5 14.5

Sign * * * ns ns

Input Trial at Shalla

Page 21: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Table 3. Effect of DAP fertilizer and inoculants on yield, yield components,

biomass and nodulation of common bean varieties

Treatment No. of

Pods/plant No. of

Seeds/pod No. of active

nodules/plant No. of inactive

nodules/plant ECAB0081 14.0 4.7 9.33 0.67 GLP2 13.3 3.1 9.17 0.83 ECAB0056 14.0 4.7 9.00 1.00 Nasir 16.7 6.1 8.00 2.00 Awash1 12.7 3.7 8.50 1.50 Deme 14.7 5.3 9.00 1.00 Dinkinesh 11.3 3.7 8.00 2.00 Dimitu 14.3 4.3 8.17 1.83 A/Melka 11.7 3.0 8.83 1.17

LSD 2.40 0.7 1.70 1.70

CV (%) 10.3 9.0 11.5 17.5

Sign. * * NS NS

Variety trial at Shalla

Page 22: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Variety trial Shalla

0

2

4

6

8

10

12 Grain Yield (t/ha) Biomass (t/ha)

No. of Nodules/plant

Common bean root nodulation Scoring, Ethiopia 2013

Page 23: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Farmers

name/site Clay

(%)

Sand

(%)

Silt

(%)

Textur

e

pH

(1:2.5)

Total

N

(%)

OM

(%)

C:N

CEC

(meq/ 100g Soil)

Ava.P

(ppm)

Mihret abebe 70 13 17 Cl 5.09 0.177 4.701 15.41 23.11 1.07

Ejigu moges 78 11 11 Cl 4.66 0.162 3.611 12.93 33.13 0.25 Neguse

tesema 68 6 26 Cl 5.31 0.169 4.292 14.73 25.7 0.33

FTC 38 18 44 SiClL 7.47 0.190 5.042 15.39 26.1 99.96 Berhanu

asmare 48 16 36 SiCl 6.35 0.193 7.222 21.71 32.9 3.66 Yeshewase

mekonen 30 26 44 ClL 6.02 0.170 7.631 26.04 30.26 77.98

Inputs trial 80 1 19 Cl 5.08 0.169 4.497 15.43 26.08 1.32

Variety trial 78 3 19 Cl 4.93 0.156 4.088 15.20 23.05 1.57

Table: Soil physicochemical properties before planting at Mandura district Nitisols

varieties Argene

Awash

dume

Awash

Melka

Awash-

1

Dimt

u

Dinknes

h IBADO Nassir Sari weed

%N 2.11 1.88 2.53 2.28 2.28 2.27 2.14 1.88 1.89 1.94

Page 24: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Summary Common bean variety Nasir and chickpea variety Arerti responded

very significantly to both types of fertilizers in Shalla district while it has NS difference at Mandura

Hence, it is important to look for microbial inoculants adopted to specific ecosystem /universal type/

Chickpea variety Arerti well responded to rhizobial inoculants and gave significant yield advantage over the control at Adaa situation

Common bean Nassir showed its superiority over many improved varieties and responded significantly to integrated fertilizer use

Legumes (CB & CP) yield improved as a result of integrated fertilizer use (rhizobial inoculant and inorganic fertilizer)

Farmers have been convinced the advantage of using rhizobial fertilizer and were giving their witness during field days very happily

Page 25: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Awareness creation on N2 Africa project activities for

zonal and district leaders, and technical persons in BOA

Farmers identification and site selection

Obtaining/availing of inputs (DAP, inoculants and seed)

Land preparation and planting

Monitoring and Data collection

Organizing farmers field day

Other activities undertaken in 2013

Page 26: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Training and

awareness creation

on N2Africa

activities

Survey and site

selection N2Africa

Training and awareness

creation on N2Africa activities

Page 27: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

N2Africa Farmers’ Field

day at Shalla west Arsi

Zone, Oromia Reg. State

N2Africa Farmers’ Field day

common bean at Mandura

Benshangule Gumuze R. State

Page 28: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

N2Africa Farmers’ Field day

common bean at Mandura

Benshangule Gumuze R. State

N2Africa Farmers’ Field

day at Shalla west Arsi

Zone, Oromia Reg. State

Page 29: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Shortage of vehicle for proper management of the trials

Lack of research supplies (Chemicals etc)

Late planting due to delay in MOU between EIAR and ILRI

Animal damage/attack

Human interference (early harvest, theft and damage) in trials

Disease and pest occurrence

Delay of budget releasing

Inadequate biofertilizers products

The lack of quality control on biofertilizers

Lack of all round training

Challenges

Page 30: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

Lessons learnt

The project has been able to bring many stakeholders in one plat form for the improvement of the legume production system

Lack of clear protocols for each activities

Lack of experience by technicians to collect all data and information

Need for special training at all level of expertise and farmers

Need for additional and alternative biofertilizers products

Need for empowering women farmers on legume production

Page 31: EIAR progress report on N2Africa bridging year in Ethiopia (2013)

The Way Forward

Address more food and forage growing areas through research centers (Jima,

Assosa, Kulumsa, etc)

Screen more additional new potential inoculants

Strengthening the existing labs (equipments & research supplies)

Training and awareness creation

Timely release of budget

Including other important legumes (Soybean, Faba bean and Climbing bean)

Screening of BNF inoculants across different stress conditions

Scaling up of promising result

Quality biofertilizers and Economics on results

More Graduate students participation