Drilling Rigs Thanos Paraschos Presentation

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Functions of drilling rig components

Technical University of Crete MiningDepartment of Mineral Resources Engineering

Athanasios Paraschos 2007020037

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Drilling rigs create boreholes on that are usedin natural gas extraction

A rig that can drill a 10,000ft (3km) wellrequires 50-75 people, 35-45 semi tracks tomove and assemble it.

Drilling operations continue 24hrs and 7daysfor almost full year

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By power: mechanical, electrical, hydraulic,steam and so on

By pipe used: cable, metallic or plastic drill, coiltubing

By height: single, double, triple

By rotation type: rotary table, top drive, sonic..

By position of derrick: vertical, slant

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Source

http://www.conservation.ca.gov/dog/picture_a_well/Pages/qh_drill_rig.aspx

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An assembly of

sheaves or pulleys

mounted on beams

The drilling line is

run over it downand threaded

Source

http://www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com/DisplayImage.cfm?ID

=310

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An assembly of

sheaves or pulleys

The combination of

travelling block with

crown block anddrill line lifts weight

Source http://www.rigmanufacturer.com/travelling-

block.html

Hook

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It is a four legged loadcarrying structure

It is the most critical structureas it determines the rigsdepth limit

It carries the load of thecrown block and travellingblock

It should de designedproperly to carry largest dryweights of these loads

Source

http://www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com/DisplayImage.cfm?ID

=310

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Suspends the weight of thedrilling pipe

It is part of fluid circulationsystem and allows for theflow of drilling mud from thestandpipe without leaking

It allows the part below it torotate

Source http://petroequip.placecat.net/product-1127116--

power_swivel_used_in_drilling_rigs.html

Travellingblock

Derrick

Swivel

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Is a part of the circulationsystems that affects the successof drilling operation

Standing pipe: allows the drillingmud to travel up the derrick andconnect to swivel

Drilling mud is pumped frommud tanks by mud pump up thestandpipe

Source http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oil_Rig_NT8.jpg

Travellingblock

Derrick

Swivel

Standingpipe

Mud pump Mud tank

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Is used to turn the drillingpipe

It is a special section of pipethat is attached to thebottom of the swivel bythreading.

Drilling pipe rotates as therotary table turns. The kellyconnects these structures tothe swivel

Source http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oil_Rig_NT8.jpg

Kelly fitted into drive bushing

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A powered gear located inside the rotarytable turns the master bushing.

The master bushing turns the Kellybushing.

The square or hexagonal opening in theKelly Bushing fits against the flat sides ofthe Kelly itself and causes it to spin.

The Kelly slides up and down freely insidethe opening in the Kelly Bushing allowing itto move down as the bit drills into the hole

The drill stem and bit are turned by theKelly.

Source http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oil_Rig_NT8.jpg

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It is used in both the Kellysystem andTop Drive system.

The rotary table is located onthe floor of the rig and it iscapable of producing a strongrotating force called

Additional equipmenttransmits torque from therotary table to the drill bit.

Source http://www.shutterstock.com/

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9x4atwaCvs

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Drill Pipe forms the upper part ofthe drill string.

Each section of pipe is called ajoint with a box (female) and pin

(male) located on the ends. Drill pipe is threaded together or

assembled in sections and put intothe hole as the bit turns.

Drill pipe is hollow and allows fluid

or transmitting wires to passthrough

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It is Located at the bottom end of the drill string andmake contact with the subsurface layers, and drillingthrough them.

http://www.nov.com/Downhole/Drill_Bits.aspx

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fl8L4qSqSqE&feature=related

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Mud pump: A large, high-pressurereciprocating pump used tocirculate the mud on a drilling rig.

Pressure is as high as 52MPa

Mud pit: Originally, an open pitdug in the ground to hold drillingmud or waste materials such aswell bore cuttings or mud

sediments.

Steel tanks are much morecommonly used for thesepurposes now, but they are stillusually referred to as pits.

http://www.mediafire.com/?uuay2bclaicd2nrtaringa.net

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It is made of heavy steelpipe

lines the walls of the hole

to prevent the wall of thehole from caving in

prevents movement offluids from one formationto another, and to aid inwell control.

The space between thewall of the hole and thecasing is filled by cement

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Friction caused by the drilling operation will tend toreduce the outside diameter of the drill bit.

Air must be delivered to the piston at sufficientpressure to activate the reciprocating action, and inturn drive the head into the rock with sufficientstrength to fracture and pulverise it

New non-contact effective drilling technologies: arebased on the utilization of water jet, chemical plasma,hydrothermal spallation or laser

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very promising in deep drilling applications

produce boreholes with large constantdiameter without frequent replacement ofthe drill bits

It would decrease time and moneyconsumption

It is in research phase

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Paul K. Ngugi, Geothermal well drilling, Short Course III on Exploration for

Geothermal Resources, organized by UNU-GTP and KenGen, at Lake Naivasha,Kenya, October 24 - November 17, 2008

Eustace Githaiga Ndirangu, 2000, selection of a future geothermal drillingrig,geothermal trainng program, the united nations university

Www.wikipedia.org

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_deep_drilling_technology#High-energetic_electrical_plasma

http://www.geothermalanywhere.com/en/news/98-the-official-opening-research-center-for-deep-drilling-technologies.html