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Creative Commons Sustainable IT Architectur e MDM and Semantic modeling 2010, May 1 / 58 Sustainable IT Architectur ww.sustainableitarchitecture.com Enterprise Data Governance Reference and Master Data Management Semantic Modeling By Pierre Bonnet - 2010, May Creative Commons www.sustainableitarchitecture.com To order the book: http://www.orchestranetworks.com/book-enterprise-data-governance.html
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Cre

ativ

e C

om

mo

ns

Sustainable IT Architecture

MDM and Semantic modeling

2010, May

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Sustainable IT Architecture

www.sustainableitarchitecture.com

Enterprise Data GovernanceReference and Master Data Management

Semantic Modeling

By Pierre Bonnet - 2010, MayCreative Commons

www.sustainableitarchitecture.com

To order the book:http://www.orchestranetworks.com/book-enterprise-data-governance.html

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What we deliver

Open community working on MDM+BRMSand the IS Rating Tool

Open Communityworking on

Semantic Data modeling and EA applied to MDM

²

Software Vendor in Model Driven MDM and

Data Governance

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MDM… Why?

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Where are your ref/master data?

A product (Database No. 1) is only created if the factory code (Database No. 2) which it is affiliated with is under the management of an organization

(Database No. 3) that has an ongoing production agreement (Database No. 4) with the company or one of its partners (Database No. 5), that has been active

for the past twelve months, at its disposal

Product Factory Organization

Agreement Partner

Database No.1 Database No.2 Database No.3

Database No.4 Database No.5

?

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Solution:MDM and Data Governance approach

Product

Database No.1

Factory

Database No.2

Organization

Database No.3

Agreement

Database No.4

Partner

Database No.5

MDM

Package

Produit Usine

Organisation

Accord de production

fabrique

* *

gère*

1

rôle 1

rôle 2

*

A product (Database No. 1) is only created if the factory code (Database No. 2) which it is

affiliated with is under the management of an organization (Database No. 3) that has an

ongoing production agreement (Database No. 4) with the company or one of its partners

(Database No. 5), that has been active for the past twelve months, at its disposal

Mas

ter

Dat

a In

teg

rati

on

(E

AI/E

SB

/ET

L)

Rich and shared master data model

Product Factory

Organization

Agreement

affiliated

managed

role 2

role 1

Data Steward

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Three axis for every data element

priceprice

priceprice

priceprice

priceprice

priceprice

priceprice

priceprice

priceprice

Version

Time

Use context

The price master data value depends on- a version (e.g. business regulation),- a period of time (e.g. a quarter)- and a use context (e.g. a sales channel)

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Data Governance: version management

Version management: compare and merge your data versions

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Data Governance: contexts management

Contexts management: data authoring by uses contexts

Permissions delegation

Inheritance ofvalues

Corporate

Partner 1 Partner 2

Threshold = [10, 100]

Threshold = [20, 90]Threshold = inherited

Agency Web

Threshold = [25, 50]

Partner

Call-centerWeb

Corporate

Sales Channels

= use context

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Data Governance: other key features

• Ability to customize default UI• Permissions management• Data history management• Data hierarchy management• Data approval workflow• Data archiving• Data query and reporting• Data web services• ../..

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Which data quality is the right one?

Level 1 – BASIC DATA QUALITY

• Sticking cleansing toolson existing silos and databases

• Lack of data governance

Level 2 – EXTENDED DATA QUALITY

MDM

• Data repository with limited data governance functions as it doesn’t rely on a semantic data model. Its data model has a similar structure to existing databases schemas

Level 3 – TOTAL DATA QUALITY

MDM

• Data repository based on a rich data model independent of existing databases schemas. It brings all data governance functions aligned with the semantic data modeling

Data Steward

Low

Medium

Optimized

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Model-driven lives with OLTP systems

Model-driven MDM

Rich data model over OLTP RDBMS

Business objects, lifecycles, validation rules, permissions G

ov

ern

anc

e ti

me

CDI (OLTP system)

Rigid data model in OLTP RDBMS

Data Injection

To data governanceR

un

time

Consolidation and data enrichment

Transactional IT System

RDBMS TablesRDBMS Tables

Data Steward

Usual users of the IT system

All data governance functions are automatically driven by the rich data model

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Towards what IS transformation?

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IS transformation path: stage 1

R/M

Functional silo

R/M

Functional silo

R/M

Functional silo

MDM

Ref/Master data

Unified data model

Step 1. MDM is synchronized with existing

databases

Data governance

Referential/Master data

R/M

Transactionaldata

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IS transformation path: stage 2

R/M

Functional silo

R/M

Functional silo

R/M

Functional silo

MDM

Ref/Master data

Unified data model BRMS

Business Rules

Step 2. BRMS is used for extracting business

rules locked in silos

Data and Rules governance

Referential/Master data

R/M

Transactionaldata

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IS transformation path: stage 3

New system

Functional silo

R/M

Functional silo

MDM BRMS BPM

Business Rules ProcessesMaster Data

R/M

IS governance (Data, Rules, Processes)

Referential/Master data

R/M

Transactionaldata

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Linking value: MDM+BRMS+BPM

source: SMABTP insurance company

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MDM… Which modeling procedures?

Caveats: this presentation doesn’t tackle organization issues when deploying and managing a MDM. To get information about this governance topic, please read the book (chapter 7) and/or visit our website www.sustainableitarchitecture.com

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Which MDM is the right one?

Virtual MDM

Static MDM

DANGER

Semantic MDM

Richness and expressiveness

Level of modeling

Semantic data modeling

Classic data modeling

IT BusinessAmbiguous

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Semantic MDM gains: example 1

Use context Cardinality (n) Cardinality (p)

Head Office 0 1

Subsidiary 1 5

Partner 1 1

../..

MDM

Produit Usine

* on use context (n,p)Product Factory

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Semantic MDM gains: example 2

Semantic modeling

Author Book* *

writes

This (very simple) semantic data model must be translated into a logical data model runnable by the MDM software

• either via join table (static MDM)• or via an object-oriented approach relying on a MDA architecture

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Join Table(IT point of view)

Auteur

PKAuteur : real

Livre

PKLivre : real

AuteurLivre

FKAuteur : real

FKLivre : real

PKLivre : realPKAuteur : real

FKAuteur : real

FKLivre : real

Logical data model with join table

AuthorBook

FKAuthor : real FKBook : real

Author Book

PKAuthor : real PKBook : real

Logical data model without join table (semantic is maintained)

Auteur

PKAuteur : real

Livre

PKLivre : real

lstFKAuteur [*] : real

PKAuteur : real PKLivre : real

lstFKAuteur [*] : real

*

Model-driven: the screen is automatically generated from the rich data model

Author Book

PKAuthor : real PKBook : reallstFKAuthor[*] : real

Semantic MDM

Static MDM

=> entails hard-coding to hide join tables

=> what you model is what you get

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Method: mustn’t be dedicated to the MDM

Regardless of any specific method, at the very least these key points must be enforced to succeed in MDM projects:

• Semantic modeling• Enterprise Data Architecture• Logical data modeling… and that’s all

LogiqueLogicalS?mantiqueSemantic

PragmatiquePragmatic

G?ographiqueGeographic Mat?rielHardware

TechniqueTechnical

LogicielSoftware

PhysiquePhysicalPraxeme example – figure from Praxeme Institute (creative commons)

see detailed information in the book

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Enterprise Data Architecture

Domain of business objects

Domain of business objects

Domain of administrative objects

Domain of administrative objects

Category

Category

Category

Category

Business Object

Business Object

Business Object

Category

Category

Business Object

Business Object

Business Object

Business Object

Data form

Foreign Key

Data form

Administrative Object

Administrative Object

Administrative Object

Domain of business objects

Domain of business objects

Domain of business objects

Domain of business objects

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Data Category

Data category Client Data category Order

Client

Commande

Classement

<<comment>>

Liaison par clefs étrangères (FK)

Préférence

<<comment>>

Liaison par une liste de types imbriqués

<<comment>>

Liaison par un type imbriqué

PKClient : real

FKCommande [*] : real

Classement : Classement

Préférence [*] : Préférence

Tig

htl

y co

up

led

Lo

ose

ly c

ou

ple

d

Classification

PKClient : realFKOrder[*] : realClassification : ClassificationPreference[*] : Preference

Preference

Client

Order

<<comment>>

Linked with nesteddata type

<<comment>>

Linked with a list ofnested data types

<<comment>>

Linked withforeign keys (FK)

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Enterprise Data Architecture

Career plan

Person

Career plan

Person

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Let's take a quick exampleBusiness object: Address

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This is not a semantic data model

• lack of referential integrity constraints

• no business lifecycle, i.e. no state attribute whereas this is an important ref/master data attribute

• very poor expressivity as this data model is a flat point of view (data flows)

If this data model is used to manage Address within the MDM… this is the end of MDM

Figure stemming from OASIS

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Address

Object

SiteCoordinate System Code

Location coordinate

::MAG::Business::Utilities::Period

0..1

language

location nature

longitude minutes measure : real

latitude degrees measure : real

latitude minutes measure : real

latitude direction code : real

longitude degrees measure : real

longitude direction code : string

identification code : string

description : string

* *locates

* resides

1

short name : string

full name : string

other details : Text

*

building number (address line 1) : integer

number for the nature (address line 2) : integer

name for the nature (address line 2) : string

additional name (address line 3) : string

post box : string

floor : string

room : string

other details [*] : Text

building name (address line 1) : string

Semantic modeling –

Address stage 1

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Address

Object

Country

Currency Code

SiteCoordinate System Code

Location coordinate

City

Territory

Territory Type

Territory Office

Address Nature

Address Code

Postal Code Pattern

Type Territory Office

::MAG::Business::Utilities::Period

*order

manages0..1

language

location nature

1

longitude minutes measure : real

latitude degrees measure : real

latitude minutes measure : real

latitude direction code : real

longitude degrees measure : real

longitude direction code : string

identification code : string

description : string

* *locates

* resides

*

serves

name : string

code : string

special code : string

1

0..1 *

1..*

divides in

nom : string* 1

defines

short name : string

full name : string

other details : Text

*

building number (address line 1) : integer

number for the nature (address line 2) : integer

name for the nature (address line 2) : string

additional name (address line 3) : string

archive()

locates

name : string

name : string

name : string0..1

1

post box : string

floor : string

room : string

other details [*] : Text

building name (address line 1) : string

check()

start()

*

locates

*

description : string

pattern : string

remove()

complete()

1

territory name : stringincludes

regional phone prefix : string

international phone prefix : string

territory code used : boolean

mail office

manages

city name : string

city code : string

/postal code : string

1

* *

locates

0..1

0..1

/relates to

*

1

*

*

/locates

manages through

time zone offset : string

territory code : string

1

*locates

name : string

time zone offset : string

uses

1 *

* 1

structures by

*

defines

0..1

1

1

Semantic modeling –

Address stage 2

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Return To Sender (RTS)

To be checked Valid

To be completed

Archive

Undeliverable as Addressed

Insufficient Address

No such numberstart/start()

check/check() [ok]

[undeliverable]

[insufficient]

[no such number]

[not complete]

complete/complete()

archive/archive()

archive/archive()

remove/remove()check/check()

Semantic modeling –

Address stage 3Business lifecycle (state machine)

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Decision table applied to Address

BUSINESS STATES

ADDRESS Valid Archive

building number yes no yes no no no no no

number for the nature yes no yes no no no no no

name for the nature yes no yes no no no no no

additional name yes no yes no no no no no

building name yes no yes no no no no no

post box yes no yes no no no no no

floor yes no yes no no no no no

room yes no yes no no no no no

other details[*] yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no

yes = modif ication possible / no = modif ication impossible

To be checked

To be completed

Return to Sender (RTS)

Undeliv erable as Addressed

Insuf f icient Address

No such number

Carried out by the MDM automatically when checking data modifications of Address. It means less approach of hard-coding software and more auditability and traceability of integrity constraints applied to ref/master data

MDM

Stored into the MDM

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Which project management?

It depends on the maturity level of the MDM tool

• either a nightmare with significant risks of MDM collapse• or easier way relying on Model-driven approach

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Decision of the integration mode:weak, tight or loose coupling

Semantic modeling andOrganization modeling

Decision of the MDM architecture style:Classic OLTP versus Model-driven

Relational oriented logical data model

Hard-coded and bespoke software development for

validation rules and to align data governance functions

Rich logical data model including

business objects’ lifecycles and data

validation rules

MDM

ref/master data

MDM (model-driven)

ref/master data

MDM locked in hard-coded software. It

becomes a new silo

MDM open for business users with full data

governance functions

Model-driven MDMClassic OLTP

MDM project

“What you model iswhat you get”

Weak coupling MDM (§12.1.1.)

Tight coupling MDM (§12.1.2.)

Loose coupling MDM (§12.1.3.)

tunnel effect iterative delivery

see the book

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How to drive and measure theIS transformation based on MDM?

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How to assess the IS Value?

• Use Value• Deals with an assessment of company’s

working procedures used by IS stakeholders to communicate, build, maintain and run their Information Systems

• Business Value • Regardless of working procedures,

it measures the ability to align the IS with business strategy and operational requirements. It also includes financial measurement

• Intrinsic Value• It is the actual value of IS Assets

regardless of its Use Value and its Business Value, based on ref/master data, business rules and processes

ISO900x, CobiT, CMMI, PRINCE2, ITIL,TOGAF, etc.

CobiT, ITIL, IAS-IFRS, etc.

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Each IS Asset is gauged through a set of questions grouped by three facets Knowledge, Governance Features, IT Approach

IS Rating Tool matrix

Note: The governance features facet is focus on a list of functions required to well manage Data, Rules and Processes such as Version management, Authoring, Traceability, etc. This is not the quality of processes applied to conduct changes and relationships between Executives, Business Users and IT department.

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Each cell of the IS Rating matrix is defined through a list of questionsto measure the IS Assets

IS Rating Tool matrix

Five marks levels are available for each question

Bad: 0% to 15%

Basic: 15% to 30%

Medium: 30% to 50% Advanced: 50% to 80% Optimized: 80% to 100%

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A consolidated rating is obtained in the form of three letters Each letter gives a consolidated Performance Level Percentage

(PLP) regarding your Data, Rules and Processes respectively

A: >=90% B: >=50% and <90% C: >=10% and <50% D: <10%

Letter #1 Letter #2 Letter #3

IS Rating approach

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IS Rating example – 1/4

This company has a huge risk in Data management (C) and Rules management (C). Its ability to well manage its Processes (B) doesn’t prevent this company from facing a serious IS crisis because of a data and/or business rules loss of control. More precisely, according to its detailed IS rating outcomes, we have to study why its data knowledge is so poor (only 5% = D)? From this first rating, the company’s stakeholders should demand detailed information describing the IS plan to manage data and rules risks.

Once this plan will be delivered, a further IS rating will be done to gauge the IS improvement. May be, this company could decide to raise its data consolidated mark to the "B" level within a year and then attain a "BCB" rating which would be reassuring for its stakeholders.

Then, after a full year of work on data knowledge improvement, the company’s rating goes up to "BCB” (see the next rating card).

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IS Rating example – 2/4

On the basis of this new rating, the company has a huge interest in improving its business rules management to reach a ‘B’ level rather than a poor ‘C’. The key factor to succeed seems to deploy a stronger approach in rules governance, as shown in its detailed IS rating outcomes (21% = C).

After delivering works on rules management, this company achieves this objective and attains a new rating "BBB" (see the next rating card).

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IS Rating example – 3/4

"BBB" is an excellent rating, very reassuring for all IS stakeholders. By analyzing its detailed percentage levels per IS assets (see its detailed IS rating outcomes) additional improvements can be identified to target the "AAA" level.

Don't forget, the rating can be established both at the scale of the whole IS but also within a smaller scope such as a subsystem, a software package, a subsidiary, a web application, etc.

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IS Rating example – 4/4

A progressive path to leverage yourIS Intrinsic Value and drive your Enterprise Architecture

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IS Rating Tool - Excerpts

On the web site www.sustainableitarchitecture.com

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g Facets of the rating: Data, Rules, Processes. Here is the Data Assessment spreadsheet

Questions to measure IS AssetsHow to answer

Guidelines

The marks from Bad to Optimized

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IS Rating Dashboard

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S-IT-A in the EA and ERP fields

• Lot of EA approaches but lack of a common foundation to transform IS and measure outcomes

ACMS brings the foundation IS Rating Tool measures

outcomes instead of processes

• ERP benefit from the ACMS foundation Assess your ERP through the IS

Rating Tool

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• Audit tool used within IT departments to encourage innovation and to

assess Enterprise Architectures

• Audit tool to assess IS scopes such as departments, business

units, systems, applications, etc.

• Communication tool between IT department and all IS Stakeholders

• Tool  for getting key indicators required to establish an annual IS

Assessment published to company's Stakeholders

• Tool used to encourage bench-learning between companies

• Audit tool when selecting software packages such as ERP, CRM, Supply

Chain, etc.

• Audit tool to complement with financial analysis when studying and

driving M&A (Mergers and Acquisitions)

• Tool to support IS innovation based on the ACMS foundation, in other

words business repositories relying on MDM, BRMS and BPM

• Tool to drive third parties IS/IT contracts by including it within RFQ and

RFP as a set of commitments

When using the IS Rating Tool?

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CobiT mapping with ACMS & IS Rating

FOUNDATION MEASURE / CONDUCT

CobiT - PO1 Define a Strategic IT PlanPO1.1 IT Value Management PO1.2 Business IT AlignmentPO1.3 Assessment of Current Capability and PerformancePO1.4 IT Strategic Plan

CobiT - PO2 Define the Information Architecture PO2.1 Enterprise Information Architecture ModelPO2.2 Enterprise Data Dictionary and Data Syntax RulesPO2.3 Data Classification Scheme

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Excerpt: PO1.1 IT Value Management

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Excerpt: PO2.1 IT Enterprise Information

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How to contribute toSustainable IT Architecture

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Year plan 2010 focus on IS Rating Tool

End of June 2010

• First official version of the IS Rating Tool

September 2010

• Beta one-day training IS Rating Tool

October/November 2010

• Annual conference S-IT-A dedicated to the IS Rating Tool

End of 2010

• Official one-day training and certification IS Rating Tool

• First implementation within EA Tools

• New book “IS Assets and EA”

• New version with a derivation to business users

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Year plan 2010 – To contribute

Working group IS Rating Tool

• To improve, to test, to provide feed-backs and bench-learning

EA Tools

• We need to partner with software vendors in EA field

Annual conference on October/November 2010

• We are willing to welcome sponsors

Lobbying and exchanges

• Linkedin Group (more than 900 members)

• Added-values by System Integrators over the core IS Rating Tool

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How to participate in Sustainable IT?

To accelerate the adoption of ACMS and

IS Rating Tool we need your support Systems Integrators can benefit from

the S-IT-A web platform to give

information about their added-values

based on ACMS and IS Rating Tool

User Companies can show their

interests in ACMS and IS Rating Tool,

publish and share lessons learnt and

therefore contribute to the effort of the

community

Individual contributors and testers of the

IS Rating Tool are welcome

(more than 100 members)

To stay tuned everyone is welcome to our

linkedin group

(more than 900 members)

complete list on our website

complete list on our website

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www.sustainableitarchitecture.com

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To contact Pierre Bonnet, Founder of Sustainable IT Architecture [email protected]

To order the book:http://www.orchestranetworks.com/book-enterprise-data-governance.html

Book by Pierre Bonnet. ISBN: 9781848211827Publication Date: May 2010ISTE - Wiley

Table of contents

The MDM Approach1. The Company and its Data.2. Strategic Aspects.3. Taking into account ERP.4. Return on Investment.

MDM for Business Users5. MDM Maturity Model.6. Data Governance Features.7. Organizational Aspects.

The MDM for IT Specialists8. Key Principles of Semantic Modeling.9. Semantic Modeling Procedures.10. Logical Data Modeling Procedures.11. Organization Modeling Procedures.12. MDM-IT integration

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