DISTRIBUTION OF ENDEMIC MAMMALS IN THE PERUVIAN YUNGAS Heidi Quintana & Victor Pacheco MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURAL UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MAYOR DE SAN MARCOS LIMA - PERU
Mar 27, 2015
DISTRIBUTION OF ENDEMIC MAMMALS IN THE PERUVIAN YUNGAS
Heidi Quintana & Victor Pacheco
MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURALUNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MAYOR DE SAN MARCOS
LIMA - PERU
PERU
The territory of Peru covers 1,285,256 km².It neighbors Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil to the east, Bolivia to the southeast, Chile to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.
Extension: 15 000 000 haExtension: 15 000 000 ha
PERUVIAN YUNGAS
Characteristics:The complex geology of the Andes has generated a landscape rich in biodiversity, endemism and unique ecosystems
Elevation: 800 – 3600 mElevation: 800 – 3600 m
MAMMALS
Eco region Diversity Endemic sp. %
Oceanic 35 0 0BT Pacific 58 0 0BS Ecuatorial 60 2 3.4Desert 54 6 10.2S. Esteparia 72 12 20.3Paramo 23 4 6.8Puna 60 8 13.6Yungas 210 37 62.7Rainforest 286 13 22Sabana 60 1 1.7
Endemism by Orders
METHODS
ORDERS SPECIES
Rodentia 29
Chiroptera 4
Primates 3
Artiodactyla 1
Cingulata 1
Didelphimorphia 1
Paucituberculata 1
40
Endemic Species
7
TYPE A
TYPE B
TYPE C
Habitat-Geographic Barriers
Endemic Species
LANDSCAPE
ECOLOGICAL FACTORS
Species Data RECORDS
Tools
Polygons elaboration
Compilation of Species
Information (literature,
museum records &
observations)
Polygons = Probable
Distribution
Create DataBase
TYPE A: POLYGONS
Polygon around the species records
Arc View 3
TYPE B: DEDUCTIVE MODEL
Species records Altitudinal
ranges –
Digital
Elevation
Model (DEM) North and South
limits Arc View 3
TYPE C: INDUCTIVE MODEL
Environmental variables layer
Elevation MODIS Arc View 3 Maxent
(a statistical mechanics approach)
Bio2 (Mean Temperature Diurnal Range)
Bio3 (Isothermality)
Bio13 (Precipitation of Wettest Month)
Bio14 (Precipitation of Driest Month)
Bio15 (Precipitation Seasonality)
Elevation
Slope
Topographic exposure
Percent tree cover*
Evi_pca1_5*: Principal component axis 1 of temporal MODIS EVI data
Evi_pca2_5*: Principal component axis 2 of temporal MODIS EVI data
VARIABLES
*summarized within 5 km moving window
RESULTS
Distribution along the Yungas
DEPRESION DE HUANCABAMBA
DEPARTMENTS LIMITS
Akodon aerosus
Distribution centered in the North
DEPRESION DE HUANCABAMBA
HUALLAGA RIVER
Akodon orophilus
PERENE RIVER
INAMBARI RIVER
Oecomys phaeotis
Central Distribution
INAMBARI RIVER
DEPARTMENT LIMIT
Distribution centered in the South
Akodon kofordi
Sturnira nana
Punctual Distribution
TAMBO RIVER
DEPARTMENT LIMIT
Carollia manu
Exceptions:
Gracilinanus aceramarcae
Gracilinanus aceramarcae
PRIORITY AREAS
Deductive Model
•Yungas Centrales de Bolivia
Inductive model
•Norwest of Huánuco
Above Inambari River
•Cordillera occidental de Vilcabamba
•Cordillera de Paucartambo
The species distribution model allows us to minimize errors by collecting specimens nearer to the roads and rivers.
Identify the remote natural areas in which it is likely that a species is located, based on the characteristics that they share with previously sampled sites.
The polygons around the points don’t provide the necessary precision for regional conservation in Peru.
CONCLUSIONS
THANK YOU!
SCGIS Heidi Quintana [email protected]