- 1. Andreas HORNIG [email protected] Institute of
Space Systems (IRS), University of StuttgartTimm Eversmeyer
[email protected] Ulrich Beyermann [email protected] 27.
Sept. 2013, IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101Andreas HORNIG,
[email protected], 27.09.2013
IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101 1
2. Content of Presentation Small Satellite Situation Other
Tracking & Communication Networks Proposed Solution Tracking by
Pseudoranging DGSN Architecture DGSN Ground Station DGSN
Infrastructure Direct ApplicationsPerspectives & Conclusions
27. Sept. 2013, IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101Andreas HORNIG,
[email protected] 3. Small Satellite SituationFinancial
and planning challenges Orbit Piggy-back launch Uncertainty in
provided orbit Infrastructure few ground stations Exisiting
stations sometimes too good for small satellites Minimum access
time to satellite Frequency allocation Ham-radio operators 27.
Sept. 2013, IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101Andreas HORNIG,
[email protected] as mandatory secondary payload
onboard VERDE sat (IRS, Uni Stuttgart)3 4. Other Tracking &
Communication Networks Tracking Services NORAD by US and RC Air
Force DORIS by CNES Communication Services Deep Space Network
ESTRACK Communication Infrastructure Mission specific GENSO27.
Sept. 2013, IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101Regular updates of public two-line
element set data-base Regular updates of public two-line element
set data-bases Own ground stations or collaborative and time shared
stationsAndreas HORNIG, [email protected] 5. Proposed
Solutiona) Time synchronization of GS with global GNSS time
sourced) Global Data-Dump communication methodb) Correlation of
beacon signal with reception time at GS. Using correlated data for
tracking.c) Targeting of satellite on tracked orbit using corrected
orbit elements27. Sept. 2013, IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101Andreas HORNIG,
[email protected] 6. Tracking by Pseudoranging Solving
Apollonius Problem by Apollonius of Perga (262 BC 190 BC)27. Sept.
2013, IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101reverse GPS One beacon signal
transmission Reception at 4 (or more) ground stations Correlation
of the beacon signal event with reception time at each ground
stationAndreas HORNIG, [email protected] 7. Tracking by
Pseudoranging Simulation Modes 0. combinatorical 1.
overdetermined27. Sept. 2013, IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101Andreas HORNIG,
[email protected] 8. Tracking by PseudorangingPointing
accuracy over ground stations10000000 1000000Simulation Modes 0.
combinatorical 1. overdeterminedAccuracy of positioning depends on
Number of ground stations Relative position of ground stations to
satellitepositioning dR [m]100000200 km orbit10000810 km orbit 1000
100 10 1Accuracy 2m (200 km orbit, 100 x 100 km GS array) 27. Sept.
2013, IAC-13,B4,3,11,x1710189101112131415ground stations [-]
810km-mod0810km-mod1Andreas HORNIG,
[email protected] 9. DGSN
Architecture DGSN Users serve as listening nodes Users can be
everyone, not only ham-operators Less complex More active users
Real citizen science and outreach 27. Sept. 2013,
IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101Andreas HORNIG, [email protected]
10. DGSN Ground Station16.0GS Density Global coverage of satellite
in 600 km orbit 2.4 GHz @ 2 kbit/[email protected]/s
[email protected]/s8.0system margin [dB]Regulations Amateur radio
frequencies Reception only! (phase 1)[email protected]/s2.4GHz@1kbit/s
4.01.2GHz@1kbit/s 0.4GHz@1kbit/s 2.4GHz@2kbit/s0.0020406027. Sept.
2013, IAC-13,B4,3,11,x171011.2GHz@2kbit/s 0.4GHz@2kbit/s-4.0365
stations worldwide80 = -8.0 4 2elevation angle []Andreas HORNIG,
[email protected] 11. DGSN Ground Station Hardware
Small devices Attachable to personal computers Modularity for
extensions Open-source27. Sept. 2013, IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101Andreas
HORNIG, [email protected] 12. DGSN Infrastructure
Constellation Citizen science project since 2010 Distributed
computing (BOINC) Solving numerical aerospace problems Virtual
super-computer via the InternetAdding ground station devices Global
sensor grid Reliable and safe system Sensor AND processing
capabilitiesUsers
ConstellationCountriesTeraFlops78481083.957(aerospaceresearch.net/constellation)
27. Sept. 2013, IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101Andreas HORNIG,
[email protected] 13. Direct Applications Ground Fox
hunt Air Quadrocopter, ADS-B High altitude Weather Balloons DLR/ESA
REXUS/BEXUS (Team Frede) Space Small satellites (FlyingLaptop, IRS)
Cubesats (ArduSat)ESRANGE, Sweden 27. Sept. 2013,
IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101Andreas HORNIG, [email protected]
14. Perspectives & Conclusions Target Group nano and small
satellites by universities satellite constellations and swarms
(QB50 & GENSO) re-entry vessels (MIRKA 2) high altitude
experiments (REXUS/BEXUS) balloons (weather ballons, BEXUS) planes
and drones (ADS-B, Stuttgarter Adler) sensoring platformOpen Access
Open for everyone Open tracking data-base Optional open payload
data Faster, cost efficient provision of data to small projects
Open source(thunder-, flash-,nuclear detonation detection) GNSS
quality measuring (WAAS, EGNOS) Safety of life (avalanche)27. Sept.
2013, IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101Andreas HORNIG,
[email protected] ways to extend the concept
beyond satellites! 14 15. Last SlideThank you for your attention!
Questions? Join the Distributed Ground Station Network!
www.aerospaceresearch.net/dgsn This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License.
27. Sept. 2013, IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101Andreas HORNIG,
[email protected] 16. APPENDIX Clustering: results and
method27. Sept. 2013, IAC-13,B4,3,11,x17101Andreas HORNIG,
[email protected]