Developments Regulations

Engineering Guide for

Development

- 2005 -

Growing With Pride

FEBRUARY 2005 REVISION 1 - ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT

UPDATES REGISTRATION If you would like to register for updates of this Handbook, please detach this page, enter your details and post to: Co-ordinator Engineering Approvals Blacktown City Council PO Box 63 BLACKTOWN NSW 2148 Fax registrations can be sent to: (02) 9831-1961 Name: _________________________________________________________ Organisation: _________________________________________________________ Address: _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Email: _________________________________________________________ Telephone: _________________________________________________________

Amendment Date Original issue February 2005 Plans A(BS)101M,106M,124M,131M,134S June 2009

BLACKTOWN CITY COUNCIL ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT – 2005

ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT -February 2005 ii

Blacktown City Council

ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT

2005

FOREWORD This Guide, and its accompanying document, Council's Work Specification - Civil, have been prepared to provide engineering guidelines for the subdivision and development of land within the Blacktown City Council area. The aim of the Guide is to facilitate the efficient processing of engineering plan submissions, and to ensure that infrastructure associated with any development is designed and constructed to be safe, serviceable, economical to maintain and meets community expectations. Applicants should be aware that each development is required to be treated on its merits, and that approval is dependant on the overall impact of the development and not solely on compliance with minimum engineering standards. Nothing in this Guide is to be construed as limiting, in any way, Council's rights to impose differing conditions when approving development proposals, nor limiting the discretion of Council's Co-ordinator Engineering Approvals or his nominated representative to vary any necessary engineering requirements in respect of a particular development, having regard to good engineering practice. Council wishes to acknowledge the assistance freely given by other Councils, Consultants and Contractors who suggested matters that required updating, new processes and products that may be adopted or provided assistance in this latest revision to ensure that this document represents current "best practice".


ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT -February 2005 iii

BLACKTOWN CITY COUNCIL

GLOSSARY 1:5 (V:H) Slope of 1 vertical to 5 horizontal. AC Asphaltic Concrete. ACRS Australian Certification Authority for Reinforcing Steel. Accredited Person qualified to issue certificates and operate as a Principal Certifying Certifier Authority (PCA) under the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act

1979. Applicant Any person/s, company or entity representing the Applicant for the purpose of

constructing the Works. This may also include Council. AR&R (1998) Australian Rainfall and Run-off (1998). ARI Average Recurrence Interval. AS Australian Standards published by the Standards Association of Australia and

being current at the time of application. Certified A stockpile that has been certified by Council as complying with its specification Stockpile Co-ordinator Council's Co-ordinator Engineering Approvals of Council's Development

Services Unit. Council Blacktown City Council as represented by its employees. Council Person approving or inspecting works on behalf of Council. Engineer DC or Notice of Determination giving Subdivision or Development Consent. Consent Development Person carrying out the day to day inspections on behalf of Council. Supervisor Documents All expressed and implied Specifications, Standards, Drawings and

Correspondence, which are related to the works and referred to by Council or issued by Council.


ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT -February 2005 iv

Engineer or Person who is a practising Engineer registered on the Institution of Engineers, Registered Australia, National Professional Engineers Register (NPER) in the relevant field Engineer of work. EP&A Act Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979, as amended. EPA Environmental Protection Authority. FRC pipe Fibre Reinforced Cement pipe. Guide Blacktown City Council's Engineering Guide for Development. Maintenance Period of a minimum of six (6) months after the issue of the Subdivision Period Certificate (release of the Plan of Subdivision) or Development Completion, or

such time as Council deems reasonable for the Final Certificate of Completion. NATA National Association of Testing Authorities, Australia. NATA A laboratory accredited by Nata to undertake the specific test referred to in the Registered body of the text. Laboratory OH&S Occupational Health & Safety. OSD On-site Stormwater Detention. PSD Permissible Site Discharge. RCP Reinforced Concrete Pipe. RHS Rectangular Hollow Section. RTA Roads & Traffic Authority, New South Wales. Site Area of land being developed under the Subdivision or Development Approval. SQID Stormwater Quality Improvement Device. SSR Site Storage Requirement. Supervisor The person appointed by the Applicant to supervise the construction Works and

to represent the Applicant. Surveyor Registered Surveyor. UCS Unconfined Compressive Strength.


ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT -February 2005 v

UPVC Unplasticised Polyvinyl Chloride (referring to pipe). VCP Vitrified Clay Pipe. WAE Works as Executed Plan. Works The development of land as described by the Drawings and Specifications (the

Documents) as proposed by the Applicant and as cited and approved by Council "For Construction" including all the area of the land being developed.

WSUD Water Sensitive Urban Design.


ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT -February 2005 vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SUMMARY

1. GENERAL PROCEDURES 2. ENGINEERING DRAWINGS 3. ROAD DESIGN 4. DRAINAGE DESIGN 5. MISCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENTS 6. APPENDICES A. CHECKLIST FOR ENGINEERING PLANS B. ON-SITE STORMWATER DETENTION GENERAL GUIDELINES &

CHECKLIST C. PATH PAVING POLICY D. DRAINAGE DESIGN MANUAL E. BOND DOCUMENTS, FORMAT & INSTRUCTIONS F. STANDARD RECITAL FOR TERMS OF EASEMENTS, COVENANTS &

RESTRICTIONS G. EXAMPLE OF A LOT FILL PLAN H. EXAMPLE EASEMENT CERTIFICATE I. STANDARD DRAWINGS


ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT -February 2005 vii

ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT - 2004

TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTENTS PAGE NO. FOREWORD..................................................................................................... i GLOSSARY ....................................................................................................... ii 1 GENERAL SPECIFICATION OF WORKS

1.1 General ........................................................................................................ 1 - 1 1.2 Aim.............................................................................................................. 1 - 1 1.3 Engineering Plans, Inspections & Accredited Certifiers............................. 1 - 1 1.4 Overview of Engineering Process for the Applicant................................... 1 - 2 1.5 Engineering Survey & Bench Marks .......................................................... 1 - 5 1.6 Engineering Drawings................................................................................. 1 - 6 1.7 Persons Qualified ........................................................................................ 1 - 6 1.8 Consultation ................................................................................................ 1 - 6 1.9 Inspection of Works .................................................................................... 1 - 6 1.10 Tree Preservation......................................................................................... 1 - 7 1.11 Street Trees.................................................................................................. 1 - 8 1.12 Erosion & Sediment Control ....................................................................... 1 - 8 1.13 Road Safety Audit & OH&S Requirements................................................ 1 - 8 1.14 Bonds........................................................................................................... 1 - 9 1.15 Contributions/Monetary Payments.............................................................. 1 - 10 1.16 Works-As-Executed (W.A.E.) Plans........................................................... 1 - 10 1.17 Certificates .................................................................................................. 1 - 11 1.18 Written Consents ......................................................................................... 1 - 12 1.19 Street Lighting............................................................................................. 1 - 12

2 ENGINEERING DRAWINGS

2.1 Scope ........................................................................................................... 2 - 1 2.2 Aim.............................................................................................................. 2 - 1 2.3 General Requirements ................................................................................. 2 - 1 2.4 Roads & Drainage Drawings....................................................................... 2 - 1 2.5 On-site Stormwater Detection Drawings .................................................... 2 - 2 2.6 Title Blocks ................................................................................................. 2 - 2 2.7 Title Sheet/Layout Plan............................................................................... 2 - 2 2.8 Detail Plan ................................................................................................... 2 - 3 2.9 Road Long Section(s).................................................................................. 2 - 5


ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT -February 2005 viii

CONTENTS PAGE NO.

2.10 Road Cross Section(s) ................................................................................. 2 - 5 2.11 Typical Road Cross Section(s).................................................................... 2 - 6 2.12 Kerb Return, Cul-de-Sac & Splay Corner Details ...................................... 2 - 6 2.13 Traffic Calming Devices, Median Islands & Other .................................... 2 - 7

Miscellaneous Details 2.14 Pathways...................................................................................................... 2 - 7 2.15 Drainage Catchment Plan............................................................................ 2 - 8 2.16 Drainage Calculations ................................................................................. 2 - 8 2.17 Drainage Longitudinal Section(s) ............................................................... 2 - 9 2.18 Other Drainage Details................................................................................ 2 - 9 2.19 Easement Widths......................................................................................... 2 - 11 2.20 Overland Flow Paths ................................................................................... 2 - 11 2.21 Retaining Walls ........................................................................................... 2 - 12 2.22 Erosion & Sediment Control Measures....................................................... 2 - 12 2.23 Traffic Management Measures.................................................................... 2 - 13 2.24 Adjoining Owners Permission .................................................................... 2 - 14 2.25 Works-As-Executed Plans for Engineering Works..................................... 2 - 14 2.26 Fill Plans...................................................................................................... 2 - 17 2.27 Sheet Sizes................................................................................................... 2 - 17 2.28 Scales........................................................................................................... 2 - 18 2.29 Dimensions.................................................................................................. 2 - 18

3 ROAD DESIGNS

3.1 Scope ........................................................................................................... 3 - 1 3.2 Aim.............................................................................................................. 3 - 1 3.3 Planning Standards...................................................................................... 3 - 1 3.4 Half Width Roads........................................................................................ 3 - 3 3.5 Construction Specification .......................................................................... 3 - 3 3.6 Pavement Design......................................................................................... 3 - 3 3.7 Pavement Surfacing..................................................................................... 3 - 5 3.8 Geometric Design - General Principles (including designing for salinity).......... 3 - 5 3.9 Design Speed............................................................................................... 3 - 6 3.10 Sight Distance ............................................................................................. 3 - 7 3.11 Horizontal Alignment.................................................................................. 3 - 8 3.12 Transitions & Widening on Curves............................................................. 3 - 8 3.13 Longitudinal Gradients................................................................................ 3 - 8 3.14 Vertical Curves............................................................................................ 3 - 9 3.15 Super-Elevation........................................................................................... 3 - 10 3.16 Carriageway Crossfall ................................................................................. 3 - 10 3.17 Kerb & Gutter.............................................................................................. 3 - 11 3.18 Footpath Crossfall ....................................................................................... 3 - 11 3.19 Berms .......................................................................................................... 3 - 11 3.20 Batters.......................................................................................................... 3 - 11


ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT -February 2005 ix

CONTENTS PAGE NO.

3.21 Intersections ................................................................................................ 3 - 12 3.22 Kerb Returns ............................................................................................... 3 - 12 3.23 Cul-de-sac Head Kerb Guttering................................................................. 3 - 13 3.24 Roundabouts................................................................................................ 3 - 14 3.25 Traffic Calming Devices ............................................................................. 3 - 14

4 DRAINAGE DESIGN

4.1 Scope ........................................................................................................... 4 - 1 4.2 Aim.............................................................................................................. 4 - 1 4.3 General Requirements ................................................................................. 4 - 1 4.4 Trunk Drainage Designs.............................................................................. 4 - 1 4.5 Extent of Works .......................................................................................... 4 - 1 4.6 Adjoining Owners Consent/Creation of Drainage Easements .................... 4 - 2 4.7 Interallotment Drainage............................................................................... 4 - 2 4.8 Subsoil Drainage ......................................................................................... 4 - 2 4.9 Flood Liable Land ....................................................................................... 4 - 3 4.10 Pit Design .................................................................................................... 4 - 3 4.11 Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD)..................................................... 4 - 3

5 MISCELLANEOUS REQURIEMENTS

5.1 Scope ........................................................................................................... 5 - 1 5.2 Aim.............................................................................................................. 5 - 1 5.3 Kerbs, Laybacks & Kerb Ramps................................................................. 5 - 1 5.4 Path Paving.................................................................................................. 5 - 1 5.5 Battleaxe Handles........................................................................................ 5 - 2 5.6 Lot Filling.................................................................................................... 5 - 2 5.7 Conduits/Ducts ............................................................................................ 5 - 3 5.8 Safety Notation............................................................................................ 5 - 3 5.9 Temporary Roads ........................................................................................ 5 - 3 5.10 Street Furniture............................................................................................ 5 - 4 5.11 Debris Disposal ........................................................................................... 5 - 4 5.12 Insurance ..................................................................................................... 5 - 4 5.13 Traffic Control for Works in Public Roads................................................. 5 - 4 5.14 Soil & Water Management.......................................................................... 5 - 6 5.15 Landscaping of Roundabouts & Median Strips .......................................... 5 - 7 5.16 Bridges & Culverts...................................................................................... 5 - 9 5.17 Safety Barriers for Roads & Bridges........................................................... 5 - 9 5.18 Fencing Adjacent to Drainage Reserves and Channels............................... 5 - 9

6 APPENDICES

A. Checklist for Engineering Plans.................................................................. A - 1


ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT -February 2005 x

CONTENTS PAGE NO.

B. On-site Stormwater Detention General Guidelines & Checklist ................ B - 1 C. Path Paving Policy ...................................................................................... C - 1 D. Drainage Design Manual............................................................................. D - 1 E. Bond Documents, Format & Instructions ................................................... E - 1 F. Standard Recital for Terms of Easements, Covenants & Restrictions........ F - 1 G. Example of a Lot Fill Plan………………………………………………...G - 1 H. Example Easement Certificate…………………………………………….H - 1 I Standard Drawings ...................................................................................... .I - 1


ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT - February 2005

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1. GENERAL PROCEDURES 1.1 Scope This section of the Engineering Guide sets out Council's general procedures

and practices in respect of engineering requirements for subdivision and development of land within the Council area.

1.2 Aim To provide an Applicant with an outline of Council's engineering procedures

for subdivisions and developments. 1.3 Engineering Plans, Inspections & Accredited Certifiers In this Guide, whenever the term "Engineering Plan" is used, this is deemed to

also be a reference to engineering plans associated with Construction Certificates issued by Council or Private Accredited Certifiers under the EP&A Act 1979, and Engineering Approvals issued by Council under the Roads Act 1993 and Local Government Act 1993.

Private Accredited Certifiers may issue Construction and Compliance

Certificates for subdivision and development works in accordance with the requirements of the EP&A Act 1979. Therefore any reference made in this Guide to approvals or inspections by Council’s Engineers or Development Supervisors for works under the EP&A Act 1979 shall also be deemed to be a reference to certificates issued and inspections carried out by Private Accredited Certifiers under the EP&A Act 1979.

Private Accredited Certifiers do not have any authority to issue Engineering

Approvals or carry out inspections for works on Public Roads under the Roads Act 1993.

It should also be noted that Construction Certificates cannot be issued for

works on sites that are not part of the "subject land" for which the Development Consent has been issued.

An example is interallotment drainage through adjacent lots that are not

included in the "subject land". In this case, a separate Section 68 Local Government Act 1993 Approval would be required for the drainage works. This form of approval can only be issued by Council.

Private Accredited Certifiers have no authority to vary the requirements of this

Guide. They must comply with all of the Guide’s requirements prior to issuing any Construction or Compliance Certificates under the EP&A Act 1979.



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1.4 Overview of Engineering Process for the Applicant This section of the Guide sets out the suggested steps an Applicant should

follow once a Notice of Determination giving Development Consent to a development has been issued by Council. All other steps required prior to issue of consent can be found in Blacktown Development Control Plan 1992.

A. Read Notice of Determination (Development Consent): Where you are unsure of the meaning or extent of any condition,

contact the Council and seek clarification. (Development Consent No./File No. will help in this instance.)

Note: Construction Certificates cannot be issued until all Pre-

Construction Certificate requirements/conditions of the Development Consent have been satisfied.

B. Engage an Engineering Consultant/Project Manager: Satisfy yourself that the consultant has the required expertise and do

not decide on your consultant simply on the basis of fees. A higher fee may result in substantial savings in approval time/construction costs due to the consultant's expertise.

C. Give the consultant a copy of the whole of the Notice of

Determination: Any approved plans or other documents should also be given to the

consultant so he/she can fully understand the project. D. Let the consultant do the work: Once the consultant has been engaged, Council's officers will have

only one contact who is co-ordinating the progress of your development. Time delays often arise where inexperienced Applicants try to share the project management role.

E. Engineering plans are prepared by the consultant:.

The consultant is to arrange survey and engineering designs that will fulfil the conditions of consent. These plans, when approved, will be used by the contractor to construct the works.



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F. Lodge Engineering Plans with Council for approval and pay assessment and inspection fees:

Lodge Engineering Plans, together with any other documents

/calculations/information and/or any clearances from government authorities required to satisfy the conditions of consent. Council's Engineer will provide a quote for the engineering fees. Once this is accepted, Council's Engineer will assess the Engineering Plans to ensure compliance with conditions of consent and other Council requirements.

G. Engineering plans returned to consultant for amendment (if

required): The Consultant will be advised if any amendments are required to the

Engineering Plans, and if any other outstanding items are required prior to the release of approved Engineering Plans.

H. Engineering plans relodged with Council: The Consultant should have carried out all the amendments required by

Council. If the consultant needs clarification of any requirements, Council's Engineers are available for discussion. The Consultant must also ensure that Council's "Red Mark Up" Plan (showing required corrections) is returned to Council with the amended plans. This will expedite their assessment.

I. Engineering plans approved: When Council is satisfied that the engineering plans will enable work

to be constructed with a minimum of field supervision the plans are approved and issued in accordance with the Consent conditions.

J. Construction of Works: The Consultant/Applicant will engage a contractor to carry out the

works in accordance with the approved plans. Council's Engineer or Development Supervisor will inspect the work to ensure the contractor carries the work out in accordance with the approved plans and with Council's "Works Specification - Civil".

K. Lodge Works-As-Executed Plan: Together with any Hydraulic (OSD), Structural or Compliance

Certificates, prior to requesting the final inspection.



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L. Preliminary final inspection: When the Applicant considers that the works to be complete, Council's

Engineer/Supervisor will inspect the work and any defects will be brought to the Applicant's attention for rectification.

M. Final inspection: When all the defects, identified in the Preliminary Final Inspection, are

rectified the Applicant shall request a Final Inspection. Council's Engineer/Development Supervisor will reinspect the work to confirm that all the defects have been rectified.

N. Check Notice of Determination Before requesting the issue of a Subdivision Certificate (in the case of

subdivisions) or in other cases prior to the issue of an Occupation Certificate for the development, the development consent must be checked in detail. The Consultant/Applicant must ensure all conditions have been satisfied including, but not limited to:

* Compliance with all engineering conditions required by the

Development Consent, * Payment of fees and contributions, * Lodgement of completed Deed of Agreement for bonded

works, * Lodgement of certificates required by the Works Specification, * Lodgement of a Works-As-Executed Plan, and * Lodgement of Hydraulic & Structural certificates. O. Issue of Subdivision Certificate/Occupation Certificate: When all engineering conditions of consent have been satisfied and the

plan of subdivision and accompanying legal documents are correct, Council's Engineer for the project will recommend release of the plan of subdivision. The plan will only be released by Council if all conditions of consent have been satisfied and/or securities have been established for outstanding works.

P. Defects Liability/Maintenance Period: (a) Subdivisions: Upon the issue of a Subdivision Certificate the

constructed civil engineering work will enter the Maintenance Period. During this period any defect which becomes evident will be the responsibility of the Applicant to rectify. The



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Maintenance Period lasts for at least 12 months from the issue of the Subdivision Certificate. At the end of the Maintenance Period, after any defects have been rectified, the Bond will be released and Council will issue an "Acceptance of Works" Certificate.

(b) All Other Development: Upon a clearance at the Final

Inspection (Step M) the constructed work will come under a Maintenance Period of at least 12 months. At the end of this period and upon rectification of any defects that become evident during that period, Council will issue an "Acceptance of Works" Certificate.

Q. Completion of Project: When all bonded works have been satisfactorily completed Council

will, upon request, release all securities held over the works. In the case of Path Paving Bonds in subdivisions, 2 years or more can elapse between the "Acceptance of Works" and the release of the bond. Council provides the Applicant with the option of making a monetary payment for the works rather than be burdened with a long-term bond in accordance with Council's Path Paving Policy (January 2001). In this event, Council will use the Monies to construct the path paving when building activities are finalised and when damage is less likely.

This monetary payment is based on the costs set out in Council's

Goods and Services Pricing Schedule. These costs include a provision for the delay in construction and are updated every year.

1.5 Engineering Survey & Bench Marks The engineering survey shall be carried out using the ISG co-ordinate

reference system and all levels shall be on Australian Height Datum (A.H.D.). The Co-ordinator's approval shall be obtained if another datum is to be adopted.

The survey shall accurately show the landform to facilitate the best possible

design and construction of roadworks and drainage consistent with minimum interference to the existing amenity of the area.

Bench Marks shall be established at intervals not greater than 600 metres and

are to be placed where they will not be disturbed. This requirement may be waived by the Co-ordinator where State Survey Marks exist. One copy of each locality sketch shall be submitted to Council at the same time as the final Plan of Subdivision (Subdivision Certificate).



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1.6 Engineering Drawings Engineering Drawings shall be submitted in triplicate, with a covering letter,

by the Consultant. One set of approved plans will be returned to the Consultant with an approval letter. It is suggested that one (1) set of plans be submitted for an initial check by Council's Engineers, followed by the submission of the full set upon completion of any amendments required by Council.

The preparation of engineering drawings for developments and subdivisions

shall be carried out in accordance with Section 2 - "Engineering Drawings", of this Guide.

The civil engineering drawings will be checked by Council's Engineers for

compliance with these guidelines. It is the responsibility of the Consultant to ensure that the designs, calculations and specifications comply with Consent Conditions, this Guide, relevant Australian Standards and other Council Codes. Approval of the drawings does not relieve the Applicant from rectifying any errors or omissions which become evident during construction or the liability period.

The Applicant is required to comply with Council's current standards and if

work has not substantially commenced within two (2) years of the date of the endorsed approval, the Co-ordinator may require that revised engineering drawings, calculations and specifications be submitted for a renewed approval.

1.7 Persons Qualified Unless stated otherwise in this Guide, Council requires that design plans be

prepared to Council's standards by a person either holding qualifications acceptable for Corporate Membership of the Institution of Engineers Australia or approved by the Co-ordinator and/or who has proven experience in the preparation of plans and specifications for land development.

1.8 Consultation Designers are encouraged to consult with Council and other relevant

authorities during the preparation of design plans. 1.9 Inspection of Works All road and drainage works carried out by the Applicant that will become part

of Council's infrastructure, are to be inspected by Council's Engineers and Development Supervisors in accordance with Council's Works Specification - Civil.



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In addition to all engineering works associated with land subdivisions, Council's Engineers and Development Supervisors will also approve and carry out inspections for road and drainage works on Public Roads, On-site Stormwater Detention Systems, Interallotment Stormwater Drainage Lines, WSUD features, Stormwater Quality Improvement Devices, Stormwater flowpaths and channels, and Community Title/ Private Access Roads.

A separate application shall be submitted to Council in respect of footway and

gutter crossings and inspections shall be arranged with Council's Maintenance Section.

1.10 Tree Preservation Applicants are advised that NO trees shall be removed without Council's

permission. The Applicant shall provide a tree survey plan detailing the trees to be retained and clearly defining any trees proposed for removal.

The following Tree Preservation Order applies to the City: Blacktown City Council Tree Preservation Policy is covered by Clause 25

of the Blacktown Local Environmental Plan 1988. "Tree Preservation 25. (1) A person shall not ringbark, cut down, lop, top, remove, injure

or wilfully destroy any tree, or cause any tree to be ringbarked, but down, topped, lopped, removed, injured or wilfully destroyed, except with the consent of the Council.

(2) In any proceedings for an offence arising under this Clause, it

shall be sufficient defence to prove that the tree ringbarked, cut down, topped, lopped, removed, injured or wilfully destroyed, was dying or dead or had become dangerous.

(3) This clause does not apply to trees in State forest or on land

reserved as a timber reserve within the meaning of the Forestry Act 1916, or to trees required to be lopped in accordance with Regulation 38 or 29 of the Overhead Line Construction and Maintenance Regulations 1962, or to any trees which are under the control or management of Sydney Water.

(4) This clause does not operate so as to require a consent to be

given pursuant to this clause for the carrying out of development at a plant nursery if the development could be lawfully carried out at the plant nursery in the absence of this clause."



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Council may require Applicants to lodge a Tree Bond to ensure trees are not damaged or removed during the construction of works.

Engineering Plans must bear the following note: Prior to the commencement of any earthworks, and after the road centrelines

have been pegged and/or permanently marked, the site must be inspected by Council's representative and the Applicant's representative to identify and appropriately mark:

(a) The trees to be retained. (b) All trees to be left undisturbed and cordoned off. All trees to be retained are to be protected by paraweb fencing, firmly staked

four (4) metres from the trunk of the tree. This fencing is to be erected prior to the commencement of any site works and is to be maintained in position for the duration of the works. The area within the dripline of the tree should not be used for the stockpiling of new or demolition material, nor for vehicular or pedestrian convenience or uses that would compact the soil in this area.

1.11 Street Trees Where the Applicant proposes to plant street trees in lieu of the Section 94

Tree Contribution, or proposes to landscape roundabouts and medians, works must be carried out in accordance with the requirements set out in Council's "Tree Planting Study". The Applicant must obtain written agreement from Council prior to proceeding with these works.

1.12 Erosion and Sediment Control All developments, where the site is disturbed, shall provide Erosion and

Sedimentation Control in accordance with the requirements of the NSW Department of Environment and Conservation, and Council.

Design plans shall be in accordance with the NSW Department of

Environment and Conservation Guidelines, Landcom's "Managing Urban Stormwater - Soil and Construction - Volume 1" 4th Edition (2004), and Section 5.14 of this Guide.

1.13 Road Safety Audit and OH&S Requirements Consultants preparing Engineering Plans must carry out a road safety audit of

the site, drawings and associated documents to ensure that all the requirements as set out in Austroad's "Road Safety Audit" Manual, Second Edition 2002, have been satisfied.



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It is the responsibility of the Consultant/Designer to ensure that they have

addressed all relevant Occupational Health & Safety concerns, including but not limited to Traffic Management Plans for works on Public Roads, and Confined Spaces Act requirements for SQIDs and OSD storages.

1.14 Bonds 1.14.1 General

Council's Development procedures provide for the lodgement of bonds where it is impractical to complete certain aspects of the infrastructure work or where it is necessary to defer construction until building activities have been substantially completed. All bonds must be in accordance with Council's Standard format (see Appendix "E").

Bond amounts will be provided upon request. Upon written request from the Applicant and satisfactory completion of the Maintenance Period, or the works (whichever is the case), the Bond or any amount remaining will be released by Council.

1.14.2 Path Paving

Path paving construction in accordance with Council's Path Paving Policy (see Appendix "C") shall be deferred for a period following practical completion of the roadworks.

Two options are available to the Applicant:-

* Bond the Works, by lodging an appropriate security with a

Deed of Agreement. * Monetary Payment, where Council will use the monies for

construction of paths at a later, appropriate time.

1.14.3 Maintenance

Prior to the issue of a Subdivision Certificate (for subdivisions) or at practical completion of works (for other developments), a Bank Guarantee or Cash Security, to the amount of 5% (with a minimum amount of $5,000) of the value of the whole of the works to be constructed, must be lodged with Council. This is to provide for the satisfactory performance of works and the replacement of any failed or unsatisfactory work and any repairs required, inclusive of the maintenance of any traffic control facilities.



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The bond will be held by the Council for a period of at least 12 months from the date of issue of the Subdivision Certificate/release of the Plan of Subdivision or the date of completion of the works, whichever is the latter. During this time the Applicant is responsible for maintenance of the works. Any failure on his behalf may lead to call-up of all or part of the security to enable remedial works to be undertaken by Council.

1.15 Contributions/Monetary Payments Contributions and/or monetary payments for certain outstanding items must be

lodged prior to the issue of the Subdivision Certificate, or upon practical completion of ½ width road works associated with developments as detailed in the Consent.

1.15.1 A.C. Sealing

Subdividers are required to lodge a cash payment to cover the cost of the final 25mm layer of Asphaltic Concrete (A.C.) following installation of services by the various authorities. Such payment is assessed by Council after submission of Work-As-Executed plans and is based on Council's current construction rates.

1.15.2 Street Trees A cash contribution in accordance with Section 94 (EP&A Act) Contributions Plan No.10 is required in respect of each new lot towards Council's provision of street trees at a suitable time in the development of the area.

1.15.3 Path Paving

As detailed in Council's Path Paving Policy (Appendix C), a cash contribution may be lodged as an alternative to the bonding of these works.

1.16 Works-As-Executed (W.A.E.) Plans

Following the completion of engineering works of a subdivision or development, a "Work-As-Executed" plan is required to be prepared by a Registered Surveyor or "Persons Qualified" (See Section 1.7) and forwarded to Council prior to the final inspection.



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The WAE plans must show the matters listed below and as detailed in Section 2.25 - Engineering Drawings, of this Guide: * all works have been completed generally in accordance with the

approved plans and specification, * any departure from the approved plans, * any additional/deleted work, * the location of conduits, subsoil lines, stub mains and interallotment

drainage lines, * pipeline long sections showing the constructed invert levels of each

pipe at each pit and pipe dimensions, * details of overland flow provisions, * site regrading areas by new contours, and * all other details which have a bearing on the extent of works and their

acceptance by Council.

1.17 Certificates and Slope Junction Plans Prior to issue of a Subdivision Certificate, Occupation Certificate or upon

completion of works, the following Certificates and Plans must be lodged:

1.17.1 Compaction Certificates

The final submission requires lodgement of the road pavement compaction certificates for all stages of the road pavement construction, lot filling and lot classification which have been prepared by a N.A.T.A. laboratory.

Compaction certificates, and a lot fill diagram, an example of which can be found in Appendix "G", must also be provided where lots have been filled. The diagram will apply to all lots that have been filled in excess of 250mm. Two (2) copies shall be provided.

1.17.2 Easement Certificates

The final submission requires lodgement of the Surveyor's Certificate in the form shown in Appendix "H" of this Guide. This is to certify that all pipes and drainage structures are located within the proposed drainage easements.

1.17.3 Material Compliance Certificates

Material Compliance Certificates for all road pavement materials will be required to be submitted prior to issue of the Subdivision Certificate or upon completion of the works.



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1.17.4 Engineer's Certificate

Where structural work has been undertaken on a project a certificate from a Registered Engineer must be lodged certifying the adequacy of the structure for the imposed loads.

For OSD systems, a Hydraulic Certificate from "Persons Qualified"

(See Section 1.7) shall be lodged with Council certifying that the system will function hydraulically as per design requirements.

1.17.5 Slope Junction Plan (Interallotment Drainage)

A slope junction plan indicating location, depth and off-sets of all slope junctions shall be prepared by the project engineer/surveyor and submitted to Council. Two (2) copies shall be provided.

1.18 Written Consents

Where work has been carried out on adjoining properties, or a claim made by

an affected property owner, a written clearance that all outstanding claims have been met, must be lodged with the final document submission.

1.19 Street Lighting

1.19.1 General

Council requires all new lighting levels to be in accordance with AS/NZ 1158 in its various parts and to comply with all the requirements of Integral Energy's document "General terms and Conditions for the Connection of Public Lighting Assets".

1.19.2 Arterial and Sub-Arterial Roads

The lighting of arterial and sub-arterial (Traffic Route Lighting) roads

must comply with AS/NZS 1158.Part1.1 – Vehicular Traffic (Category V) Lighting – Performance and Installation Design Requirements 1997, using the appropriate lighting categories.

1.19.3 Residential Roads and Public Places

The Lighting of residential roads and public places must comply with AS/NZS 1158 Residential Street Lighting Part 3.1: Pedestrian Area (category P) Lighting – Performance and Installation Design Requirements 1999, using the appropriate lighting categories.



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1.19.4 Approval of Proposed Schemes The appropriate levels of street lighting for any proposed scheme will

be identified by Council's Manager Transport Management Services. To facilitate this, plans of the proposed scheme showing the limits of all proposed works, all traffic management facilities and devices, pedestrian facilities and all other relevant information must be submitted to Council's Manager Transport Management Services who will assess the proposal to ensure compliance with Council's Street Lighting Policy and the relevant part of AS/NZ 1158.

The appropriate street lighting categories within each proposal will be

forwarded to the applicant by way of a Design Brief Checklist to enable a street lighting design for the proposed works to be prepared for Council's approval and acceptance.

To further assist the designer, designs should also be prepared in

accordance with Section 6 - Public Lighting Assets of Integral Energy's document "SPJ 4004 Network Connections - Contestable Works - General Terms and Conditions" which is available via Integral Energy's internet site at www.integral.com.au.

All street lighting schemes must be prepared by an accredited Level 3

service provider and submitted to Council for its approval prior to a Construction Approval being granted by Integral Energy. Upon satisfactory completion of the works a 'Notification of Arrangement" will be issued by Integral Energy.

1.19.5 Subdivision Schemes

(i) For residential roads in areas having underground reticulation

of electricity, the basic lighting category should normally be P4. The type of street lighting to be used to achieve the P4 Category is 2 x 14 Watt T5 Street light to be mounted on dedicated lighting columns at about 55m spacings.

(ii) For sub-arterial or principal roads which connect arterial or

main roads to areas of development within a region, or which carry traffic directly from one part of a region to another part, the minimum lighting requirement should be either V5 or P3 and in accordance with the standard.



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(iii) In pathways the standard lamp used in pathways shall be an 80W HP Mercury lamp.

1.19.6 Traffic Management Devices

Lighting for traffic management devices shall be provided in accordance with AS/NZS 1158 and as determined by Council's Transport Management Services Section.

1.19.7 Central Median and Traffic Islands

Where street lighting is to be provided within the central medium island or within other traffic islands located within the carriageway, barrier kerb must be provided for the islands.



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2. ENGINEERING DRAWINGS 2.1 Scope This section of the Engineering Guide sets out Council's general requirements

for the preparation of Engineering Drawings. 2.2 Aim To provide comprehensive details to facilitate the assessment of plans and

construction of works in a safe, efficient and effective manner. Also to ensure that Engineering Drawings provide sufficient information in a

consistent format to allow Council to maintain a permanent record of subdivision and development works.

2.3 General Requirements All engineering drawings are to ensure that all relevant conditions of consent

have been addressed by the details shown. Drawings are to be submitted on standard size drawing sheets, stapled and bound.

Three (3) full sets of the Engineering Drawings are to be submitted. One set,

endorsed with Council's approval, will be returned to the Consultant. 2.4 Road and Drainage Drawings Plans for Road and Drainage works shall be presented to Council generally in

the following format: * Title Sheet, * Detail Plan(s), * Road Longitudinal Section(s), * Road Cross Sections, * Typical Road Cross Section(s), * Kerb Return Details, * Traffic Calming Devices, Pathways and Other Miscellaneous Road

Details, * Permanent Traffic Warning and Regulatory Details (i.e. Linemarking,

Stop/Give Way Signs, Curve Signs etc.) * Drainage Catchment Plan, * Drainage Calculations, * Drainage Longitudinal Section(s), * Other Drainage Details, * Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, and



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* Traffic Control Measures. 2.5 On-site Stormwater Detention Drawings Engineering Drawings showing on-site stormwater detention details for

developments shall generally include the following: * Catchment Plan showing contours, area of site affected and area of site

not collected, * Drainage design summary in format of that shown in the Upper

Parramatta River Catchment Trust's On-site Stormwater Detention Handbook,

* Calculations to confirm volumes, pipe sizes, size of overland flowpaths and overflow weirs,

* Detail Plan and sections (see Section 2.18), * Design Levels for top water/overflow; inverts of all drainage pits,

pipelines and storage areas; overflow weir; centreline of orifice; surface of all drainage pits; and surfaces designed to detail and direct stormwater, and

* Dimensions of storage areas, drainage pits, overflow weirs, maximum head, high early discharge head and depth of storage.

2.6 Title Blocks All Engineering Drawings submitted to Council for approval are to have a title

block showing the following: * Applicant's Name, * Consultant's Name, Address, Phone No. and Contact Name, * Drawing Number, Sheet Number and Amendment Number, * Schedule showing Date and Nature of Amendments, * Site Address, including Lot and Deposited Plan (DP) Number, * Council's File Reference, * Stage Number, * Drawing Title, * Scale with Scale Bar, and * Signature of Authorised Person (See Section 1.7 of this Guide). 2.7 Title Sheet/Layout Plan The location of the Development shall be identified by Lot, DP, street name

and suburb and by clearly marking the site on a Locality Plan. A layout plan shall be provided showing the layout of roads, road numbers,

allotment layout (with lot numbers as per the approved plan of subdivision)



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and Bench Marks (to A.H.D.). The original nature and value of the datum used to establish the bench marks is to be indicated, eg Permanent Mark or State Survey Mark and number. Where the plan shows layouts for part or future stages, a bold and clearly defined stage border is to be shown. For small developments, where all of these details can be shown on the detail plan, the layout plan may be omitted.

The title sheet should also include construction notes and an index of the

sheets provided in the set of drawings. Council's File number shall be shown in letters 25mm high in the top right

corner of the sheet, eg, CC-04-1000. 2.8 Detail Plan Detail plans should include the following:

* Scale 1:500 or 1:200 for small sites (with Scale Bar),

* North point,

* Lot details including boundaries, numbers, easements and any road widenings,

* Existing contours (at least two across each lot) extending beyond the

boundary of the site for a distance sufficient to show any constraints, with a minimum distance of 10 metres,

* Existing natural features including: native vegetation, trees, ditches,

dams, mounds, creeks, etc. These details are not to be limited to the proposed subdivision but shall include any features which have an impact on the development,

* Existing constructed features including: fences, kerb and gutter, pipes,

pits, road pavements, buildings, road furniture, adjacent subdivisions, etc. These details are not to be limited to the site and are to include any feature which has an impact on the Development,

* Existing services: sewer, water, telephone, gas mains, electricity, etc.,

including all associated pits, poles and other structures, must be shown on plan and plotted on Longitudinal Sections,

* Road centrelines showing chainages, bearings and intersection points,

* Extent of proposed works (using shading to aid in clarity) including:



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- road names, - carriageway and footway widths, - chainages, - tangent points, - kerb type, - path paving, cycleways, pram ramps, - berms, - batters, - cut and fill areas clearly indicated by shading, clearly

identifying depths, - location of laybacks (one to each frontage of corner lots 1m

from prolongation of common property boundaries) for roads with Standard barrier kerb,

- street signs to Council plan A(BS)113M, - kerb return numbers, - dimensions, - pit numbers (1), (2), etc, - pit chainages, - pipelines identification numbers, - pipe sizes, - pipe type and class, - drainage lead-in and tail-out works, - flood extents for 100 year ARI, - floodway warning signs to Council plan A(BS)114S, - curve information including tangent point chainages, radii, arc

and chord lengths, super elevation (if applicable), * Termination of works shall be matched in smoothly with existing

works and/or be suitably treated with: guide posts, line marking, scour protection, etc. Limit of works shall be clearly identified,

* Vehicular Footway crossings (Council Plan A(BS)102S) shall be

provided where the distance from the kerb to the property boundary is 5.5m or more, or as otherwise detailed in the Development Consent,

* Reciprocal rights-of-way shall be provided with a concrete access strip

in accordance with Council plan A(BS)110S,

* Longitudinal sections, cross-sections at every 15 metres and detailed typical cross-sections are required for each road including temporary roads,

* Plans shall show road names NOT road numbers. Road names should

be selected in conjunction with Council's Land Information Officer. If



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road names are not approved initially, road names must be shown on Work-As-Executed drawings, and

* Pit schedule in tabular form to be shown on the plan sheet indicating pit numbers, type of pit, invert levels, surface levels chainages,

2.9 Road Long Section(s) Road long section(s) shall be "boxed" and include the following: * Road name,

* Design level and chainage at least every 15 metres, * Existing level and chainage at least every 15 metres, * Grade (%) between each vertical curve, * Length of each vertical curve, * Chainage of each intersection point, * Level of each I.P., * Tangent chainages, * Centreline intersection chainages, * Chainage and level of each crest and sag, * Chainage and levels at grade intersection points and vertical curve

tangent points, * Extended levels and grading to depict future works and/or match to

existing roads, (minimum extension 30m) * Minimum longitudinal gradings of roads shall preferably be 1.0%.

Grades less than 1.0% will only be considered where it is demonstrated that no other options are viable, see table 3.6, and

* Existing services shall be shown along with size and level on all longitudinal sections where they affect proposed works.

2.10 Road Cross Section(s) A cross section for each centreline chainage (typically 15.0 metre intervals),

with additional cross sections as required shall be "boxed" and include the following:

* Road name, * Centreline Chainage, * Existing surface levels, extending beyond any proposed batters, * Design surface levels, * Offset distances to centreline, * Cross-falls, batter slopes and dimensions, where these differ to that

shown on the typical section, * Batters shall have a maximum slope of 1:5 (V:H), * ½ width road works still require full width design cross sections, and



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* Existing services shall be shown along with size and level on all cross sections where they affect proposed works.

2.11 Typical Road Cross Section(s) A typical cross section shall be provided for each road as additional detail on

at least one cross section on each sheet of road cross sections OR alternatively, may be provided separately as a set of typical cross sections. Where typical cross sections are provided separately to the road cross sections, general details shall comply with Section 2.10. The additional detail for a typical road cross section should include the following:

* Road reserve width (existing and proposed), * Road width between face of kerbs, or where no kerb is constructed

pavement and shoulder widths, * Location and width of any proposed concrete footpaving or cycle

paths, * Kerb and gutter type, * Grades/Slopes of pavements, footpaths and batters, with offsets to

changes of grade, * 3% crossfall on carriageway, * 4% crossfall on footway with 0.5m berms inside lots, * Concrete path paving 1.2 metres wide 0.90 metres from property

boundaries where required in accordance with Council's Path Paving Policy, and to have a crossfall of 2.5%, and

* Pavement thicknesses, designed in accordance with Council's specification by a N.A.T.A. registered geotechnical consultant.

2.12 Kerb Return Cul-de-Sac and Splay Corner Details Plans showing kerb returns at intersections, junctions and turning heads should

include the following:

* General design of returns shall be by dividing return into quarters between tangent points and using two vertical curves to achieve smooth profile,

* Each quarter and tangent point shall be consecutively lettered on plan

and longitudinal section,

* Longitudinal section shall show:

- design top of kerb,



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- kerb chainage, - road chainage, - high and low points,

* Splay corner and kerb return radii shall be: - Residential roads - 5m x 5m splay corners with 8.5m kerb

return radii, - Industrial roads - 8m x 8m splay corners with 12m kerb return

radii, - splays are not to be used for installation of services or

landscape works that may impeded sight distances.

* Cul-de-sac kerb radii shall be:

- Residential - 8.5m (12.0m at property boundary), - Industrial - 13.5m (17.0m at property boundary),

* All intersection and cul-de-sac detail plans shall be contoured, and

* A minimum kerb frontage of 3.5m must be provided for each lot. This

width is measured between radial lines from the kerb return centre point to the allotment front corners.

Cul-de-sac head details shall be provided generally in accordance with the

abovementioned requirements.

2.13 Traffic Calming Devices, Median Islands and Other Miscellaneous Road Details

Plans showing traffic calming devices should show design levels, design

contours, signposting and line marking. Median islands and other miscellaneous road details should be shown clearly on typical sections.

2.14 Pathways * Pathways are generally required to provide for safe, convenient,

pedestrian access and cater for overland flows of discharges from the 100 year ARI event between streets, or from streets to recreational and/or community facilities.

* Pathways shall be a minimum of 4m wide, or as otherwise directed,

with full width concrete paving, cross-fall generally of 2.5% and kerbs shall be provided where required,



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* If pathways are designed for overland flowpaths they shall have a minimum width of : (i) up to 2ha catchment area, 4m width (ii) up to 6ha catchment area, 6m widhth (iii) over 6ha catchment area, 10m width

* Longitudinal sections shall be provided, * Pathways are to be straight, * Their grading shall not be steeper than 1 in 12 (8.3%). * Vehicular barriers in accordance with Council plan A(BS)105S and

A(BS)137S shall be provided for each pathway, and * The footway area between the road kerb and gutter, and the pathway,

may be shaped with a reverse cross-fall (ie, graded from kerb down to pathway) to direct overflows from the road into the pathway.

2.15 Drainage Catchment Plan A plan showing all internal and external catchments affecting the development

and their breakdown into sub-catchments should include the following: * Road Names, * Existing and proposed property and road boundaries, * All catchments/sub-catchments labelled according to the drainage

calculation sheet, * Catchment/Sub-catchment boundaries indicated by a bold line, * Proposed/Existing contours at a suitable interval, * Direction of waterflow along the flow paths of the longest times of

concentration, * Any features that may affect catchment boundaries, * Drainage lines and pit numbers, * Areas of all catchments/sub-catchments, and

* Proposed roads, pathways, pits and pipes. 2.16 Drainage Calculations A drainage report shall be presented generally in the form shown in

"Australian Rainfall and Runoff" (1998) and shall be included on the A1 sheets as part of the set of engineering plans and before the Longitudinal Sections. It will also provide any information required by Section 4 - Drainage Design and Appendix "D" of this Guide.



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2.17 Drainage Longitudinal Section(s) 2.17.1 A longitudinal section of each drainage pipeline is to be shown

including the following information on each:

* pipe flows and capacities, * pit numbers, * drainage line numbers, * pipe chainage, * road chainage, * existing and finished surface levels, * design invert levels, * hydraulic level, * datum R.L., * pipe size, type and class, * pipe grade (%), (minimum grade 1.0%), * hydraulic grade line plot, * water surface levels in receiving waters for design ARI, * tail-out, * lead in, * pipeline junctions, and * details of utility services to be shown along with the level

where they cross pipelines. 2.17.2 Longitudinal sections shall be designed for interallotment drainage

lines. Where more than 5 lots shall be served, a hydraulic analysis is required to ensure lots are not affected by surcharge.

2.18 Other Drainage Details 2.18.1 Designs shall satisfy the requirements of Section 4 - Drainage Designs,

and Appendix "D" of this Guide. 2.18.2 Details of the following are to be provided on a drainage detail plan

where not shown on the roadworks detail plan: * Details of pipe junction, * Full details, including reinforcing, of non-standard structures, * Invert levels, surface levels and locations of all drainage

structures, * Pipe details, * Length of lintels (by clear opening size), and * Extent of lead-in and tail-out works.



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2.18.3 Each industrial lot shall be provided with a pit draining to the drainage system via interallotment drainage lines. The minimum pipe size shall be 375mm diameter. Drainage lines should be located in the setback area where possible or rear of site, as may be required. An easement in accordance with Section 2.19 of this guide shall also be provided.

2.18.4 The schedule of drainage structures shall show: * pit number, * description of structure, and * road chainage of structure. 2.18.5 Sag pits shall have a minimum internal lintel opening commensurate

with the inflow requirement. 2.18.6 Rubber ring jointed pipes shall be used for construction of pipelines: (a) for pipelines up to and including 1800mm diameter. 2.18.7 Where open drains are designed additional details shall be provided

including the following: * Cross sections (usually 15.0 metre intervals), and * Details of drop structures, energy dissipators, etc. (plan and

sectional views). * All natural creeks are to be retained and any works must

comply with the requirements of DIPNR in addition to the requirements set out in Section 4 and Appendixes B and D of this guide.

2.18.8 Where detention basins are required, full construction details shall be

provided including the following: * Plan view, * Sectional views, * Details of basin wall construction, * Details of outlet structures, including energy dissipators, * Extent of storage, * Maximum storage level, and * Extent and nature of landscaping.



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2.19 Easement Widths

2.19.1 Where easements are required the following minimum widths apply: 2.19.1.1 Residential Interallotment Drainage:

- Pipes up to 300mm - 1.0m - Pipes 375mm - 1.5 to 2.0m

2.19.1.2 Industrial/Commercial Interallotment drainage, and

Council Drainage Pipes. These pipes shall generally be located in pathway systems.

- Pipes 375mm to 750mm - 2.5m - Pipes 825mm to 1200mm - 3.0m - Pipes 1350mm to 1800mm - 3.5m

2.19.2 Easement width for other pipe sizes and multiple pipes will be

determined by Council.

2.19.3 ALL drainage structures MUST be contained within the relevant easement. Easements may be widened to ensure this occurs.

2.20 Overland Flow Paths 2.20.1 Subdivisions Any overland stormwater flow from the 100 year ARI event must be

discharged via a road or pathway system. Easements will not be acceptable except under exceptional circumstances, or where upstream catchment area is < 2. ha.

2.20.2 Site Developments For site developments, eg, medium density development, an overland

flowpath shall be provided through the site to cater for the 100 yr ARI event flows from the upstream catchment. These flows must be safely conveyed through the site to Council's road and/or drainage system.

2.20.3 Restrictions/Positive Covenants Restrictions and positive covenants shall be provided over all

constructed overland flowpaths. The wording shall be in accordance with Appendix F "Standard Recital for Terms of Easements, Covenants and Restrictions" of this Guide.



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2.21 Retaining Walls Retaining walls adjacent to roads, pathways and public reserves shall be

constructed in reinforced concrete or masonry with an attractive finish. They shall not be constructed from any timber products.

The Applicant must provide full engineering details of the proposed structure,

including elevation, typical cross-section and structural certification. The design of the retaining wall must be prepared by a Registered Engineer. A certificate of structural adequacy from a Registered Engineer for the

finished product shall also be submitted to Council on completion of the works.

2.22 Erosion and Sediment Control Measures A plan prepared in accordance with the requirements of Section 5.14 shall be

provided showing relevant site characteristics and design criteria of erosion and sediment controls and should include but not be limited to the following:

* Existing and design contours, * Existing site drainage and vegetation, * Limit of clearing, grading and filling, * Grades/Slopes of site, * Critical natural areas (natural watercourses, swamps, cliffs, etc), * Location of topsoil stockpiles, roads and all impervious surfaces, * Distance to nearest natural watercourse or drainage line, * Catchment area boundaries, * Sediment basin calculations, * Erosion and sediment controls, including diversions, * Construction/Revegetation notes, and * Outline of program for maintenance of erosion and sediment controls. 2.23 Traffic Management Measures 2.23.1 Traffic Control A plan prepared in accordance with the requirements of Section 5.13

shall be provided showing traffic control measures for each stage of a proposed development and should include but not be limited to the following:

* Diversion of pedestrian traffic,



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* Delineation of temporary traffic paths, * Position of warning devices, * After hours traffic arrangements, including emergency contact

names and telephone numbers and * Instructions for the installation, operation, between stage

rearrangements, and removal of traffic control devices, safety barriers, temporary pavement markets, etc.

2.23.2 Traffic Regulation (Permanent)

A plan shall be prepared and submitted to Council for approval showing all permanent traffic regulatory and warning devices including but not limited to linemarking (edge lines, centre lines, and holding lines), painted lane arrows, school zone signs and pavement markings, curve warning signs, keep left signs, parking restrictions, speed limit signs, bus zones, and any other warning signs as required by the development consent or relevant Australian Standard.

2.24 Adjoining Owners Permission Where ancillary works are necessary on adjoining private properties the

applicant must submit the written consent of the owner to such work, either on the plans or by letter, prior to approval of engineering plans.

2.25 Works-As-Executed Plans for Engineering Works 2.25.1 General (a) In order to have a permanent record of construction which

incorporates amendments, completed site regarding, etc. Works-As-Executed Plans shall be lodged for Council's records, with W.A.E. figures (where there is a variation from the design) shown boxed, in red colour, on plan and longitudinal sections.

(b) Works-As-Executed Plans must be submitted to Council prior

to final inspection by the Development Supervisor. (c) Subdivision Certificate (Plan of Subdivision) will not be

processed until the Works-As-Executed Plans have been received and verified.

(d) The Works-As-Executed Plans must be certified by a

Registered Surveyor or Engineer responsible for the preparation of the Works-As-Executed Plan.



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(e) The Surveyor responsible for the Plan of Subdivision, or where

easements are registered, covering the subdivision/development, shall supply a signed certificate stating that all pipes and associated structures are located wholly within the respective easements (see Appendix "H" for example of Easement Certificate).

(f) The following certificate shall be appended to each sheet of the

plans and signed by the Registered Surveyor or Engineer: "I hereby certify that engineering works shown on this plan

have been constructed generally in accordance with Construction Certificate issued by ……. OR the plans and specification approved by Blacktown City Council."

Name ………………………….. Signature ……………………… Capacity ………………………. Date ………………………….…

2.25.2 Information To Be Shown

2.25.2.1 Kerb & Gutter

(i) Footway widths, gutter invert/nominal kerb line to property boundary.

(ii) All T.P.’s.

(iii) Centre of curves.

(iv) Beginning and end of construction.

(v) Intermediate points on long straights no more that

100m intervals, where variation exceeds 10% from the approved width.



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2.25.2.2 Gutter invert levels

(i) All T.P.'s. (ii) Crest Points.

(iii) Sag Points.

(iv) End of straight grades.

(v) As required on flat grades.

(vi) Location of all Vehicular Crossings to be shown.

2.25.2.3 Stormwater Drainage

(i) Invert levels of all pipelines at entrance and exit of all pits and headwalls.

(ii) Pipe sizes at entrance and exit of all pits. (iii)Two connections from lot corner peg shall be given to

locate slope junction of all interallotment drainage lines. (iv) The depth from finished surface level to invert of slope

junction of all interallotment drainage lines.

(v) The information required in Sections 2.25.2.3(iii) and (iv) shall also be shown on the Slope Junction Plan required by Section 1.17.5 of this Guide.

(vi) The location of all pipes within lot boundaries shown by

dimensions to nearest boundaries. (vii)The location of all pits and pipes within street

alignments where the location varies by more than 0.5m from the approved design.

2.25.2.4 Site Regrading

Where any lot is the subject of site regrading, the following is required:



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(i) Finished surface levels recorded by spot levels of the regrading area.

(ii) For minor regrading (i.e. cut or fill < 0.5m deep) Spot

levels observed and recorded on plans at:

■ Allotment corners,

■ Centre of front and rear boundaries, and

■ 12 metres from front alignment on side boundaries and centre of lot.

(iii)Major site regrading (i.e. cut or fill over 0.5m in depth)

recorded by new contours. (iv) A Fill Plan, as per requirements of Section 2.26 of this

Guide.

2.25.2.5 Design Variations Where design details have been varied prior to or during

constructions, Works as Executed plans shall show the details of such variations or amendments.

2.25.2.6 Flood Prone Areas

Spot levels are required on all lots as per Section

2.25.2.4(ii).



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2.26 Fill Plans A plan showing filling, where any part of a subdivision has had the surface

level raised by the placement of any fill with a depth > 250mm, other than nominal topsoiling, is to be provided showing a minimum of that area of the subdivision that has been filled plus a reasonable surrounding area to enable the filled section to be located and should include the following:

* Road numbers and road names, * Road reserve boundaries, * Allotment layout, including easements and lots numbered in

accordance with the final plan of subdivision, * Extent of fill (using maximum intervals of 0.5m), * Fill area hatched, and hatching shown in a legend as filled area, * Stripped and finished levels, * Contours, and * Certification of the plan by a Registered Surveyor or Engineer. 2.27 Sheet Sizes Sheet sizes should not be mixed within the same drawing set and shall be

limited to the following: * A1 - 841mm x 594mm - Earthworks, Road and Drainage Works, OSD

Works, Erosion and Sediment Control, and Traffic Control Details, etc, and

* A2 - 594mm x 420mm - Minor Engineering Details.+ + Minor Engineering Works may consist of connection to a street gully

pit or existing interallotment pit and interallotment drainage for a 2 lot subdivision.



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2.28 Scales The following scales shall be used for the following plans and sections, unless

varied by the Co-ordinator: * Engineering Detail Plan 1:1000, 1:500 or 1:200, * Road Longitudinal Section 1:100 (vertical) to 1:500 (horizontal), * Road Cross Section 1:100 Natural or 1:100 (vertical) to

1:200 (horizontal), * Intersection Details 1:250, 1:200 or 1:100, * Layout Plan 1:500, 1:1000, 1:2000 or 1:4000, * Catchment Plan 1:500, 1:1000, 1:2000 or 1:4000 (for

external catchment), * Locality Plan 1:500, 1:1000, 1:2000 or 1:4000, * Kerb Return Plan 1:200, * Kerb Return Longitudinal 1:100 (vertical) to 1:200 Section (horizontal), and * Details 1:10, 1:20, 1:50 or 1:100 as required. 2.29 Dimensions Linear dimensions on all engineering plans shall be in metres, with the

exception of detail plans which may be in millimetres. Methods of dimensioning will be in accordance with the current Australian Standard.

Chainage shall be expressed to the nearest 0.01m, levels shall be reduced to

Australian Height Datum (AHD) and expressed to the nearest 0.005m (except Bench Marks, PM's and SSM's which will be expressed to the nearest 0.001m).



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3. ROAD DESIGN 3.1 Scope This section of the manual sets out Council's requirements for the design of

urban and rural roads. It is in no way a comprehensive design manual and it is intended to be read in conjunction with and as a supplement to:

* AUSTROADS (1988) - Guide to Traffic Engineering Practice, Parts 1

- 12, * AUSTROADS (1993) - Rural Road Design, Guide to the Geometric

Design of Rural Roads, * AUSTROADS (1992) - Pavement Design, A Guide to the Structural

Design of Road Pavements, * ARRB, Transport Research (1995) Sealed Local Roads Manual -

Guidelines to Good Practice for the Construction, Maintenance and Rehabilitation of Pavements,

* AMCORD - A National Resource Document for Residential Development,

* Department of Housing Road Manual, * Roads and Traffic Authority Road Design Guide, and * Council's relevant Development Control Plans. 3.2 Aim The design and construction of a road system that provides the following: * a high level of safety for all users, * acceptable levels of amenity and protection from the impact of traffic, * a reasonable level of convenience for all users, and * economy of construction and maintenance. 3.3 Planning Standards The road hierarchy has been developed to cater for various functions that need

to be performed by roads within Council's road network. The road hierarchy and relevant road widths are listed in table 3.1 of this Guide and are also embodied in Council's Blacktown Development Control Plan 1992 (Part A).

New road layouts and widths must conform to that shown in Table 3.1 and any

other relevant Development Control Plans. The precise location of any proposed roads are subject to the detailed site assessment carried out during the subdivision application process. In areas not covered by a Development Control Plan the layout and width will be determined by Council on their merits.

Kerb return and cul-de-sac details are contained within Section 2-12 of this guide.



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Table 3.1: Road Hierarchy and Widths Road Type

Carriageway (in metres)

Footway each side (in metres)

Total Road Reserve (in metres)

Number of Lanes

SUB-ARTERIAL within Zone No. 5(c)

12.5 separated by 4m

median

4.25

Generally 25

4 travel lanes and no parking

INDUSTRIAL Collectorwithin new industrial areas Other Industrial

15.5

13.5

3.75

3.5

23

20.5

2 travel lanes and 2 parking lanes 2 travel lanes and 2 parking lanes

RESIDENTIAL

Collector (1)loop roads serving activity centres such as large open space areas, shops, etc.

11

3.5

18

2 travel lanes and 2 parking lanes

Local Streetminor loop roads and cul-de-sac serving more than 30 dwellings including corner lots

9

3.5

16

2 travel lanes and 2 parking lanes

Cul-de-sacserving a maximum of 30 dwellings/dwelling units (not lots), no residues, super lots, or medium density sites at the end of culs-de-sac.

7.5

3.5

14.5

2 travel lanes parking permitted

Access Streets Development one side only Development both sides

5.5 only for short lengths (maximum of 8 dwellings or 80m) to link culs-de-sac

As above

3.5 on residential side 1.0 other opposite side

3.5

10

12.5

1 travel and with permitted parking As above

Private/Community Title Roads Up to 5 dwellings Up to 15 dwellings

4.5

5.0

1.5 minimum *

1.5 minimum *

7.5

8.0

single travel As above

Temporary Road

7

3.0 & 1.0

11

2 travel lanes

Pathways

4.0 - 10.0 m depending on function.

(access/drainage/servicing)

Pedestrians &/or cycles only

* The 1.5m buffer strips are to provide for services and landscaping. Fencing will not be permitted inside the buffer strips.



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3.4 Half Width Roads

Council does not encourage the construction of half width roads, however in certain circumstances this may be permitted. A minimum 4.5m width pavement must be fully constructed.

Where half widths roads are approved, the applicant is required to provide sufficient details regarding the extent of works to ensure operational effectiveness and safety. This will involve a full design together with sufficient details to ensure adequate transitions to the standard road pavements inclusive of full width cross sections.

3.5 Construction Specification

Council's Works Specification - Civil complements this Guide and shall be referred to for all construction details.

3.6 Pavement Design

A formal pavement design shall be prepared by a registered N.A.T.A.

laboratory based on sampling and testing of the subgrade materials from the site. Details of the pavement design, results of subgrade testing (including 4 day soaked CBR's) are to be submitted to Council for approval prior to commencement of pavement construction. The design shall be based on Traffic Loading Criteria specified in the Consent for the proposed works, which is based on the Design Traffic Loadings shown in Table 3.2.

The structural design of the pavement must be in accordance with the following procedures and shall have a confidence factor of 95%:-

(i) For N values equal to or less than 5x105 ESA

* Pavements should be designed using the general principals of

Austroads “Guide to the Design of New Pavements for Light Traffic” APRG Report No.21, and

* Asphaltic concrete pavements shall have two layers of AC10

totalling a minimum thickness of 50mm.



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(ii) For N Values greater than 5x105 ESA

* Pavements should be designed using the general principles of

Austroads 1992 "Pavement Design – A Guide to the Structural Design of Road Pavements",

* It is anticipated that the pavement shall contain at least one

bound layer of either asphaltic concrete or portland cement concrete, and

* Asphaltic concrete pavements shall have two layers of AC10

totalling a minimum thickness of 50mm.

(iii) Alternate Designs

* Alternate designs may be submitted accompanied by supporting evidence from a geotechnical engineer as to the bearing capacity of the subgrade and the structural adequacy of the proposed pavement.

(iv) Private

Community Title roads shall be constructed using rigid pavements. The initial 5m of these roads shall be constructed using:

(a) Contrasting coloured concrete with arrows and a dividing line

incorporated in a complimentary colour scheme, or

(b) paving bricks laid on a reinforced concrete base with similar contrasting signage as above to A(BS)112M.

(v) Minimum Pavement Thickness

In all cases of flexible pavement design the minimum pavement thickness allowed shall be 300mm, excluding the thickness of the final wearing course.

(vi) Use of Hawkesbury Sandstone in Industrial Roads Sandstone shall not be used in pavements for Industrial Roads unless it

has been augmented by a process approved by Council.



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Table 3.2: Road Design Parameters

Road Type

AADT

N(ESA)

Kerb Type #

SUB-ARTERIAL

Based on Traffic Counts

150mm kerb & gutter

INDUSTRIAL * Collector & Heavy Duty * Light Duty

- -

1 x 107

5 x 106

150mm kerb & gutter 150mm kerb & gutter

COMMERCIAL

-

2 x 106

150mm kerb & gutter

RESIDENTIAL * Major Collector * Minor Collector * Local Street * Cul-de-sac * Access Street * Private/ Community Title Roads

4,000 - 10,000 2,000 - 4,000 500 - 2,000 0 - 500 0 - 500 0 - 500

1 x 106

5 x 105

2 x 105

5 x 104

5 x 104

5 x 104

150mm kerb & gutter 150mm kerb & gutter Roll top kerb & gutter Roll top kerb & gutter Roll top kerb & gutter Mountable/Rigid Pavement

Note #: Kerb types to conform with Council's standard (refer Council Plan A(BS)101M)

3.7 Pavement Surfacing

All roads shall be surfaced with an initial course of 25mm thickness AC10.

The final wearing course of 25mm thickness of AC10 will be laid by Council at a later date and paid for by the Applicant as a monetary payment. (This does not apply to roundabouts.)

Roundabouts shall have an AC wearing course thickness of 75mm of SBS Polymer Modified AC14. The full 75mm thickness shall be constructed by the Applicant at one time.

3.8 Geometric Design - General Principles (including designing for salinity)

Principles which are to be adopted in the engineering design are:-

(a) Carriageways are to provide a smooth , safe trafficable alignment and surface.

(b) Within the limitations of standard batter grades in cut or fill, suitable

vehicular access is made available to building allotments across the street footway.



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(c) Ponding of surface water is to be alleviated by site filling if practicable, the run-off being catered for in the street drainage system. Fill areas or regrading areas are not to concentrate flows but are to broaden surface flows having regard to levels. Alternative drainage schemes shall be designed if ponding is unavoidable.

(d) Over all areas of the site to be developed, the minimum finished

surface slope shall be generally 1.0% oriented in any direction.

(e) Unless there are specific site requirements to excavate material for site filling and improvement works, excavation shall be kept to an optimum level commensurate with lot access and value.

(f) The design consultant must thoroughly investigate the site to determine

if there are any salinity issues which need to be addressed. If problems are found, the Consultant must address them in their design. Steps taken may include, but are not limited to:

* Minimising level of excavation/disturbance required for

roadworks, * Minimise infiltration by surface waters by providing adequate

sub-soil drainage, * Provide adequate drainage for upstream catchments, and * Use appropriate materials in construction of roadworks. Designers must also follow guidelines set out in DIPNR's "Roads and

Salinity" (2003) Guide book and in WSROC's "Western Sydney Salinity Code of Practice (2003)".

(g) If Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) features, eg, bioretention

swales, are proposed, the road and pavement design must be modified accordingly.

Note: Any proposed variations to standard road widths and formations

as set out in Table 3.1 must be submitted to and approved by Council prior to issue of Development Consent.

3.9 Design Speed Design speed is the speed applied to the design of a road's geometric elements

to create and maintain a speed environment for 85% of drivers. Generally the following design speeds should be adopted: Cul-de-sac, Access Streets

and Community Title Roads 30 km/h Local Streets 50 km/h



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Collector Streets 60 km/h The maximum speed limit for built-up areas in NSW is 60 km/h and this speed

should be used for calculating design values which depend on speed. Vehicular speeds are limited by road intersections as well as changes in vertical and horizontal alignment. The adopted design speed may be reduced with permission of the Co-ordinator.

3.10 Sight Distance Refer to the RTA Design Guide Section 2.1 The Absolute Minimum sight distance is that required for a driver to observe

an object on the road surface ahead, and to stop the vehicle before reaching the object. This sight distance shall be available at every point on every road and at intersections to provide sufficient distance for an approaching vehicle to stop before an obstruction in the roadway at the intersection, using the approved design speed. Table 3.3 gives the appropriate value of sight distance for various vehicle speeds.

Table 3.3 - Absolute Minimum Sight Distance (AMCORD)

Target Speed (km/h) Sight Distance (m) 15 5 30 20 40 30 50 40 60 55

The Desirable Minimum sight distance for two-way roads is that required for

the drivers of two opposing vehicles to see each other in sufficient time to stop before collision. Table 3.4 gives the appropriate value of sight distance for various vehicle speeds. This distance shall be provided at intersections to provide sufficient distance for a vehicle stopped in the side road, at the alignment of the through road, to start and turn safely onto the through road, and wherever else possible.

Table 3.4 - Desirable Minimum Sight Distance

Target Speed (km/h) Sight Distance (m) 15 10 30 40 40 60 50 80 60 110



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Where sight distance available on a two-way rural road is less than the

Desirable Minimum, pavement markings restricting overtaking shall be provided, together with appropriate widening of the shoulder if considered necessary by Council's Engineer.

3.11 Horizontal Alignment Drivers react to restrictive horizontal alignment by slowing to an appropriate

speed, hence the desired maximum Design Speed is maintained by deliberately designing a restrictive horizontal alignment.

The horizontal alignment of a road is to be generally in accordance with

Council's relevant Development Control Plan. The minimum horizontal deflection angle for which a curve is needed is 1.0

degree. Where possible the radii of the curve shall be maximised to reduce the necessity for centreline shift and widening of the carriageway. The minimum radii for various deflection angles shall be in accordance with Table 3.5.

Table 3.5 - Minimum Curve Radii

Deflection Angle (Degrees) Minimum Radius (m) 75 20 60 33 40 65 30 75 20 100

3.12 Transitions and Widening on Curves All curves of less than 180 metres radius shall be widened and provided with

plan transition at the junctions with the tangents. This applies particularly to curves which tend to reduce the speed of traffic flow and those with crests within their length.

3.13 Longitudinal Gradient Longitudinal grades shall generally be in accordance with Table 3.6.



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Table 3.6 - Minimum/Maximum Longitudinal Grades

Road Type Desirable Minimum

(%)

Absolute Minimum

(%)

Desirable Maximum

(%)

Absolute Maximum

(%) Arterial 1.0 0.7 5.0 7.0

Sub-arterial 1.0 0.7 6.0 8.0 Industrial 1.0 0.7 6.0 10.0

Residential 1.0 0.7 12.0 16.0 Rural 1.0 0.7 12.0 16.0

At the intersections, the longitudinal grade of the side road, within 6.0 metres

of the through road, should not exceed 5.0%. The longitudinal grade at the head of culs-de-sac should also not exceed 5.0%.

Where the topography makes it difficult to provide a road location to conform

to the required grades, the lengths over which these grades apply will then become a consideration and any variations will be at the discretion of the Co-ordinator.

3.14 Vertical Curves Vertical curves of the form of simple parabolas shall be provided at all

changes of grade exceeding the following: * Access, Local and Collector 1.0% * Rural, Sub-arterial and Arterial 0.6% Where the change of grade is less than that shown above, the centreline

grading shall be "eased" over a symmetrically located distance of 10 metres. This distance may be reduced to 5 metres for culs-de-sac, access streets and community title roads.

Every effort should be made to provide vertical curves as long as possible for

improved appearance, however, surface drainage should be maintained in proximity to sag points. The design of vertical curves shall be in accordance with the RTA Design Guide, SD - RO1 and the following:

* A minimum design speed of 60 km/h shall be adopted even if the

horizontal alignment is not satisfactory for that speed, * The minimum length of a sag vertical curve is that governed by sight

distance requirements, * The desirable minimum length of a sag vertical curve is that providing

minimum headlight sight distance and this length should be provided wherever possible,



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* The absolute minimum length of a sag vertical curve is based on the consideration of riding comfort and shall be such that the maximum vertical acceleration is 0.1G, and

* In addition to the minimum length requirements mentioned above, from a consideration of appearance the minimum length of a vertical curve in urban areas shall not be less than that shown in Table 3.7.

Table 3.7 - Minimum Vertical Curve Lengths

Road Type General Minimum Curve Length (m)

Minimum CurveLength at Road Junctions (m)

Culs-de-sac, Access and Local Streets 25 6 Collector Streets 35 12

Sub-arterial/Arterial 50 20 * Length of vertical curves given in Table 3.7 are given for straight

alignments; longer curves may be necessary where roads also have horizontal curvature,

* The use of short sections of straight grade between vertical curves is undesirable for appearance and should be avoided,

* The tangent point of a vertical curve in the side road should be located at, or behind, the kerb line of the through road, and

* Vertical curves on kerb returns must be treated in such a manner as to make construction practical.

3.15 Super-Elevation Where super-elevation is considered necessary, the design shall be carried out

in accordance with the RTA Road Design Guide adopting maximum values of 4.0% in urban areas and 7.0% in rural areas.

3.16 Carriageway Crossfall The normal crossfall of road pavement on a straight alignment shall be in

accordance with Table 3.8. Table 3.8 - Normal Crossfall

Surface Type Road Crossfall (%) Concrete 2.0 - 3.0

Asphaltic Concrete 3.0 Sprayed Seal 3.0 - 4.0



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There are many controls in urban areas which may force departures from the above values. Should it be necessary to increase or decrease crossfalls the variances should be within 1.0% of the above values.

3.17 Kerb and Gutter Concrete kerb and gutter shall be provided on both sides of roads. Concrete

kerb and gutter shall be provided generally in accordance with Table 3.2 and Council's Works Specification - Civil.

150mm integral kerb and gutter shall be provided adjacent to public open

space and for roundabout kerb returns. For infill development, or where new kerb and gutter joins existing works, the

kerb and gutter type shall match the existing unless otherwise specified. Pedestrian ramps shall be provided at all intersections in accordance with

Council's Plan A(BS)104M and with Council's Works Specification - Civil. 3.18 Footpath Crossfall Footpath areas shall be sloped towards the road so that water does not drain

onto adjoining properties. A desirable grade of 4.0% shall be provided. This may be reduced to a minimum grade of 2.0% to accommodate existing vehicular crossing and other facilities. A maximum grade of 6% maybe allowed with prior approval from Council. Where concrete path paving is to be constructed it shall have a crossfall of 2.5% irrespective of the crossfall of the adjoining area of the nature strip.

3.19 Berms Berms shall extend 0.5 metres in cut or fill beyond the property boundary at

the same grade as the footpath. 3.20 Batters Batters shall be designed at stable slopes at the edge of the berm in accordance

with Table 3.9. Table 3.9 - Maximum Batter Slopes

Batter Type Desirable Maximum Slope (V:H)

Absolute Maximum Slope (V:H)

Earth 1:5 1:4 Rock 1:0.5 1:0.25



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The abovementioned slopes for rock batters refer only to cut batters in solid rock with few clay bands.

Where the abovementioned slopes cannot be reasonably attained, variances

may be permitted subject to approval being obtained from the Co-ordinator. The need for constructing retaining walls should be avoided wherever

possible. Should a retaining wall be necessary the Applicant must provide full engineering details of the proposed structure, including elevation, typical cross-section and structural certification by a Registered Engineer. Refer to Section 2.21.

3.21 Intersections The design of intersections or junctions shall be in accordance with

AUSTROADS - Guide to Traffic Engineering Practice, Part 5, Intersections at Grade; RTA Road Design Guide; and/or the requirements of the Co-ordinator.

Intersections should generally be located so that streets intersect at right angles

and at not less than 70°. Adequate stopping and sight distances should be provided on each of the approach legs of an intersection and for any horizontal or vertical curves.

Turning movements shall be accommodated by using AUSTROADS Design

Vehicles and Turning Templates as follows: * For turning movements involving collector streets, the "design semi-

trailer" with turning path radius 12.5 metres shall be used to enable turns to be made in a single forward movement,

* For turning movements involving local streets and collector streets, the "design single unit" truck with turning path radius 12.0 metres shall be used to enable turns to be made in a single forward movement, and

* For turning movements on access streets and culs-de-sac, the "design car" with turning path radius 7.5 metres shall be used.

3.22 Kerb Returns

The design of kerb returns is necessary for all road junctions to ensure a smooth trafficable surface around the return and where necessary to locate low points for drainage purposes.

The standard radius of a kerb return is 8.5m for residential roads and 12m for industrial roads.



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Any variation to the above radii shall be approved by the Co-ordinator and should accommodate the intended vehicular movement using AUSTROADS Design Vehicles and Turning Templates.

On bus routes the geometry of kerb returns may be varied to allow for the turning circle of larger vehicles.

Kerb returns at intersections, junctions and turning heads shall detail kerb levels (on the nominal kerb lines) at tangent points, quarter points and wherever necessary to ensure accurate construction.

Crests and low points (in intersections, junctions and turning head kerb returns) shall be defined by chord distances to the nearest tangent point.

Generally the profile shall be designed by adopting the grades of the approach and exit kerbs to the return, by quartering the length of the return and by computing kerb levels adopting two vertical curves as required.

As far as practicable low points within the kerb return shall be avoided to eliminate the use of pits with curved lintels.

Kerb returns at intersections and junctions shall be shown on the drawing (in plan only, at 1:200 scale).

Maximum and minimum longitudinal grade around each kerb return shall be checked. Maximum crossfall from the centre of the road to the gutter shall also be checked.

3.23 Cul-De-Sac Head Kerb Grading

The design kerb levels at the head of a cul-de-sac shall also be detailed in plan using a scale of 1:200.

The longitudinal profile of the kerb and gutter of the cul-de-sac head shall be based on the adoption, as far as practicable of the standard 3% carriageway crossfall at critical points in the arc length with easing of changes in grade by designed vertical curves as required.

The minimum acceptable crossfall is 1.5% while the maximum allowable crossfall is 8%.

It will be necessary to give special consideration to the design of kerb longitudinal profiles for a cul-de-sac draining to the head. Drainage of the low point in the head shall be provided via pipelines through easements or within pathways. It is essential that provision be made for overland flow for events which exceed pipeline capacity or to allow for blockages of the downstream



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line. The locations of easements or pathways may not be flexible and regrading may be necessary to ensure safe overland flow.

3.24 Roundabouts The design of roundabouts shall be in accordance with AUSTROADS - Guide

to Traffic Engineering Practice, Part 6, Roundabouts and shall be approved by the Council and/or the Roads and Traffic Authority.

3.25 Traffic Calming Devices The design of traffic calming devices shall be in accordance with

AUSTROADS - Guide to Traffic Engineering Practice, Part 10, Local Area Traffic Management and shall be approved by Council.



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4. DRAINAGE DESIGN 4.1 Scope This section of the Guide sets out Council's requirements for the design of

stormwater drainage for urban and rural areas. It is in no way a comprehensive design manual and it is intended to be read in conjunction with and as a supplement to the 1998 edition of Australian Rainfall and Run-off 1998 (AR&R).

4.2 Aim The design and construction of a drainage system that provides the following: * a high level of safety for all users, * acceptable levels of amenity and protection from the impact of

flooding, and * economy of construction and maintenance. 4.3 General Requirements All drainage, whether internal or external to the site, relevant or reasonably

required in respect of the proposed development shall be provided to Council's requirements at the Applicant's cost.

Detailed drainage investigation and designs shall be undertaken by an experienced designer and submitted in accordance with Council's Drainage Design Manual - Appendix "D" and general provisions of Australian Rainfall and Runoff - 1998.

4.4 Trunk Drainage Designs

Trunk drainage designs have been prepared for most major drainage systems within the City and are available, for reference, at Council's Civic Centre. Applicants must ensure compatibility of their proposal with the Trunk Drainage Designs.

4.5 Extent of Works

Engineering plans are required to define the extent of works, clearly delineating all inlet and outlet works, both on adjoining private or public lands. Applicants shall undertake detailed field checks of existing drainage facilities to which a connection is proposed.



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4.6 Adjoining Owners Consent/Creation of Drainage Easements Where drainage involves the provision of drains across land owned by others,

evidence that the necessary easements have been created over the downstream properties must be lodged with Council. This evidence and downstream owner's consent to carry out the proposed works must be lodged with the initial set of engineering plans. Details of the easement and proposed works must be shown on the engineering plans and downstream owners consent to carry out the proposed works. Easements must be registered prior to release of the engineering plans.

4.7 Interallotment Drainage Interallotment drainage shall be provided to every lot which does not drain

directly towards the road frontage or directly to Council's pipe drainage system.

The desirable minimum pipe grade shall be 1.0% and pipes shall be designed

to accept concentrated drainage from OSD systems or the concentrated drainage from buildings and paved areas (impervious areas).

Pipe sizes shall be based on a 20 year ARI design flow or 18 L/s per lot

(whichever is greater), subject to a minimum size of 150mm diameter. Where the pipeline serves more than 5 lots, a hydraulic grade line analysis will

be required with the design submission to ensure lots are not affected by surcharge.

Minimum cover for pipelines within allotments shall be 300mm, apart from

footway crossings to kerbs with galvanised steel Rectangular Hollow Sections (RHS).

Interallotment drainage pits shall be located at changes of grade, pipe size or

direction and spaced no further than five (5) lots or 75m, whichever is the shortest distance.

Slope junctions will be provided at the low point of each lot where no pit is

provided. The design and construction of interallotment drainage shall be in accordance

with the requirements of Section 6.18 of Council's Works Specification - Civil.

4.8 Subsoil Drainage

Subsoil drainage shall be provided along the cut side of all new roads where



4 - 3

no drainage is provided, along the centre line of half road construction works, at low spots, where required by the pavement design report, and where directed by Council's Engineer/Development Supervisor.

4.9 Flood Liable Land

Certain areas within the City are prone to flooding and these areas have been mapped to give an indication of their liability to flooding.

Council generally does not allow any development, including filling, within the floodway. Applicants, with land in these areas, should refer to Council's Flood Policy for more specific details.

4.10 Pit Design

(i) Non-standard drainage structures for pipes larger than 750mm

diameter shall be designed and certified by a Registered Structural Engineer by way of an accompanying letter or by statement on the engineering plans.

(ii) Drainage pits shall be designed wherever possible such that the inlet

and outlet walls are perpendicular to the centreline of inlet and outlet pipes.

(iii) Wherever possible, drainage pits shall be designed so that the pipe

centrelines intersect on the downstream pit face. (iv) All drainage structures deeper than 1.5m shall be reinforced with

appropriate Fabric to Engineer's (structural) requirement and pits deeper than 2.0m shall be structurally designed and certified.

(v) Refer to Section 4.3 "Inlet Design" in Appendix "D" of this Guide for

minimum nominal internal lintel sizes. (vi) Drainage pits shall be designed and constructed in accordance with

Section 7.14 of Council's Works Specification - Civil. 4.11 Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) is a relatively new approach to water

management in urban areas. The objective of WSUD is to maintain or replicate the pre-development water cycle through the use of design techniques to create a functionally equivalent hydrological landscape or, put simply, it is optimising grey water reuse, optimising the use of rainwater that falls on the urban area while minimising the amount of water lost when it is transported away from the catchment, and the demand for potable water.



4 - 4

WSUD may be applied to new or existing streets and developments, to public

or private property. WSUD measures may involve vegetated swales, bioretention systems and

rainwater tanks. Any proposal to incorporate WSUD measures into a new development shall be

submitted to Council for consideration with the Development Application. WSUD measures shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the

relevant Council policies. Details of Council's requirements may be obtained from the Manager

Investigation and Design.



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5. MISCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENTS 5.1 Scope This section of the engineering guidelines provides miscellaneous engineering

requirements not covered in the previous sections. 5.2 Aim To provide the Applicant with an understanding of other Council engineering

requirements that may be required in the development of land. 5.3 Kerbs, Laybacks and Kerb Ramps

Kerb and gutter shall be constructed along all new roads and existing roads to which the development has frontage and access.

Kerb type (i.e. 150mm barrier or roll type) is dependant on road classification, and shall be in accordance with that shown in Table 3.2. Note Only barrier kerb is permitted adjacent to public or drainage reserves.

Where an Access Street connects into the head of a cul-de-sac, the height of

the cul-de-sac kerb may be reduced by 50mm to facilitate vehicular movement into the Access Street.

Laybacks in 150mm barrier kerb should generally be provided to the low side of each allotment, 1m from the side boundary prolongation. Provision must be made for disposal of stormwater from each high-side lot into the kerb. For details see Standard Drawing A(BS)101M. Kerb ramps shall be provided at all intersections, whether path paving will be constructed to that intersection or not. The position and layout of the kerb ramp shall conform to that shown on standard drawing A(BS)104M "Path Paving at Intersections and Kerb Ramp Details".

5.4 Path Paving

Council requires that the footways be cleared and graded to a crossfall of 4% and provided with concrete path paving 1.2m wide and 75mm thick, except at crossings and where adjacent to Roll Top Kerb, where the thickness shall be increased to 125mm. The pathpaving shall be constructed in accordance with Council's Path Paving Policy (See Appendix "C" of this Guide).

Council policy requires that path paving construction be delayed until building operations have been substantially completed to minimise damage and accordingly requires the paths to be bonded or alternatively a cash payment be



5 - 2

lodged with Council. A copy of the Bond Proforma is included at Appendix "E" of this Guide.

5.5 Battle-axe Handles

Where battle-axe shaped allotments are approved, the access driveway shall be constructed in 20Mpa concrete, in accordance with Standard Drawing A(BS)110S.

5.6 Lot Filling

Council requires all areas of the site, subject to filling, to be identified on the engineering plans, submitted for approval.

All imported fill material to be used must be tested and certified to comply with Council's Policy for "Site Contamination".

Compaction shall be in accordance with Section 5.9 of Council’s Works Specification Civil – Placement and Compaction of Fill.

Each residential lot, whether filled or not, shall be classified in terms of Australian Standard for Residential Slabs and Footings (AS 2870). The lot classification shall be prepared by a N.A.T.A. registered geotechnical consultant.

Filled land must be graded to ensure that no water is ponded. In cases where allotment site filling adjoins an existing lot boundary, the maximum height of fill and any retaining structure shall not exceed 900mm unless stated otherwise in Council's "Fill Policy". Where approval is obtained to extend fill into adjoining properties (written consent required), satisfactory arrangements must be made for the grading of the fill onto the land without ponding.

Revegetation must be applied immediately on completion of the site filling-regrading works.

Council will require the imposition of a "Restriction on Use of Land" as part of the 88B instrument, identifying filled lots within the subdivision. Refer to Appendix F for standard wording. This "Restriction" and compaction certificates are required for all lots where depth of fill > 250mm.

The minimum lot grading shall be 1% and 100mm of topsoil must be placed over all filled land.

The minimum height of filling is determined by flood levels and reference should be made to Council for details. Unless stated otherwise in Council's Development Control Plan, the minimum fill levels shall be:



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residential land:- 500mm above 1 in100 yr A.R.I. Flood Level industrial/commercial: 500mm above 1 in 100 yr A.R.I. Flood Level

Where it is considered, from the grade and lie of the subject land, or adjoining lands, that roof and/or natural surface runoff will create significant future inter-allotment drainage problems, provision shall be made for piping, kerbing or land contouring to convey such water to the nearest practical drainage system.

5.7 Conduits/Ducts

Council requires the applicant to ascertain the requirements of all servicing authorities.

Conduits for services shall be provided across the road from the backs of kerb, in accordance with the requirements of the relevant Service Authorities and shall be shown on the engineering plans and marked on the face of kerb as follows:

W - water conduit, painted blue E - electricity conduit, painted red T - Telstra conduit, painted yellow

The minimum conduit requirements are as detailed in Section 1.11 of Council's Works Specification - Civil. All trenches containing conduits must be drained to the satisfaction of the relevant service authorities.

5.8 Safety Notation

The applicant's attention is drawn to the responsibilities imposed under the Occupational Health & Safety Act.

For submission of engineering plans the applicant is required to make a full assessment of all safety aspects of the project and make appropriate notations on the plans to ensure the safety of the public and construction workers at all times.

5.9 Temporary Roads

Under exceptional circumstances, Council may permit the creation and construction of temporary roads. Where approved, the temporary road must have a minimum reserve width of 11m, a minimum pavement width of 7m which is to be fully constructed in accordance with pavement designs prepared by a Chartered Professional Engineer based on an assessment by a N.A.T.A. laboratory in compliance with Council's design criteria.



5 - 4

Proposed temporary roads will require consideration of traffic management details such as:

* extent of works, * lighting, * street furniture, * line marking, and * arrangement for removal.

5.10 Street Furniture

Reflectorised aluminium street signs and approved conduit warning signs must be provided at all street junctions. The position of these signs must be shown on the engineering plans and where appropriate "No Through Roads" shall be placed at the entrance to cul-de-sac roads as shown on A(BS)113M.

Under certain circumstances, the approval for traffic devices may need referral to the Traffic Committee and Applicants should allow sufficient time for this procedure.

5.11 Debris Disposal Burning off by open fire is prohibited by the provisions of the Protection of

the Environment Operations Act 1997, as amended. Disposal of all debris shall be to an appropriate registered facility in accordance with the Waste Management Plan prepared for the site. Records of disposal dockets are to be made available to Council upon request.

5.12 Insurance

(a) Public Liability Insurance: The Applicant must ensure that

Contractors, engaged on Development or Subdivisional Works, have taken out Public Liability Insurance which must include the interests of Council to at least the value of $10 million dollars. Details of Insurance must be submitted to Council before work commences.

(b) Workers Compensation: The Applicant must ensure that Contractors

engaged on Development or Subdivisional Works carry current Workers Compensation Insurance on all works as required by Statute.

5.13 Traffic Control for Works in Public Roads 5.13.1 Description A "Traffic Control Plan" must be prepared by a suitably qualified RTA



5 - 5

accredited work site traffic designer for all works that are carried out in or adjacent to a public road. This Plan must satisfy all the requirements of AS 1742.3 - 2002.

It is the sole responsibility of the Applicant to have in place and maintain traffic facilities, i.e. barricades, signs, lights, etc, at all times, day and night, seven (7) days a week for the duration of the works in accordance with the Plan.

These traffic facilities must be installed and maintained by appropriately qualified RTA accredited work site traffic controllers.

All and any responsibility will rest with the Applicant who shall absolve Council and its Employees from any suit of law which may result from the failure of the Applicant to comply with the above requirements.

If it comes to the attention of Council that Traffic Control Devices are insufficient or inoperational (particularly in an after-hours situation), then Council may arrange to reinstate the Traffic Control Devices and recoup the costs from the Applicant.

Any changes to the approved Traffic Control Plan must be approved by Council before implementation.

5.13.2 Road Occupancy Licence

The applicant shall ensure that a Traffic Control Plan is submitted to Council for approval at least 10 working days before any works are undertaken on any existing public assets owned, maintained or controlled by Council. No works shall be commenced until such Traffic Control Plan has been approved by a Council officer authorised to approve such plans for implementation. In addition no work shall commence on any Council assets until such time as the appropriate occupancy permission has been obtained and the appropriate fees and charges pertinent to such occupancy paid.

Where work on a Council road is within 100m of a set of traffic signals

the applicant must ensure that the Traffic Control Plan and if relevant, a Traffic Management Plan, are submitted to and approved by the RTA before work commences.



5 - 6

5.14 Soil and Water Management 5.14.1 General

Under the Protection of the Environment Operations Act (1997) it is an offence to pollute any waters or to place any material in a position where it is likely to pollute any waters. Under the terms of this Act, disturbing land by earthworks and not providing adequate mitigation controls may constitute an offence.

In addition to the legislative controls of this Act, disturbance of land by earthworks and the subsequent erosion and transport of sediment by the action of stormwater runoff, places large amounts of sediment into drainage systems. This sediment must then be cleaned out, which places financial burdens on Council and other developers. Therefore Council requires specific soil and water management plans for each development site. These plans will outline staging of works, sediment and erosion control measures, rehabilitation strategies and other processes/works to be implemented to address the above concerns.

5.14.2 Designs/Plans

Preparation of Soil and Water Management Plans shall be in accordance with Council's Works Specification - Civil (Section 3), this Guide and relevant requirements and recommendations of the NSW Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC). For works and control measures not covered by Council's Guide or Works Specification - Civil, the Applicant may follow the DEC’s "Managing Urban Stormwater - Urban Design" guidelines, or Landcom's "Managing Urban Stormwater - Soil Sand Construction - Volume 1" 4th Edition (2004).

5.14.3 Disturbance of Sites

Sites must only be disturbed where it is essential for the installation of infrastructure. All disturbed areas shall have ground cover re-established by topsoil placement and sowing with an approved grass seed mix, as soon as practical upon completion of the roadworks.

All steps must be taken to prevent, as far as possible, the creation of a dust nuisance. The Applicant must provide appropriate water carts, with spray apparatus, to keep the soil moist at all times during construction.



5 - 7

5.14.4 Implementation of Soil and Water Management Plan Measures outlined in the Soil and Water Management Plan must be

implemented prior to, and maintained during and after the construction works, in accordance with the requirements of Section 3, Council's Works Specification - Civil.

5.15 Landscaping of Roundabouts and Median Strips 5.15.1 Description The need for appropriate landscaping of civil infrastructure works on

large collector roads should be considered to enhance the appearance of public areas and thoroughfares. The Applicant shall submit details of any proposed landscaping of roundabouts and median strips for the consideration to Council with the Development Application.

5.15.2 Design Requirements (i) In proposing the landscaping of civil works the following

issues need to be considered: * The potential damage to pavement from water and root

system infiltration, * Ensure the line of sight is maintained for vehicular and

pedestrian movements, * Ensure that tree and shrub species selection is suitable

for the particular site in terms of growth height, width and vigour,

* The potential cost of maintenance of landscaping, * Accessibility of landscaping for maintenance purposes, * The adequate provision of services for landscaped areas

including irrigation and drainage. (ii) Each site should be considered on its merits in terms of

appropriateness for landscaping including the following: * Sight distances, * Turning paths of various sized vehicles,



5 - 8

* Pedestrian movements, * Provision and location of services, * Cost of installation and maintenance of the landscaping, * Safety of maintenance crews during works. (iii) For roundabouts, central road islands and median strips,

landscaping plans shall satisfy the following requirements: * Sight distances are to be maintained in accordance with

the requirements of "Austroads - Guide to Traffic Engineering Practice - Part 6 - Roundabouts",

* Drainage lines are to be appropriately located to prevent

water infiltration into the surrounding road patterns, * A water supply should be provided to the landscaped

areas for irrigation purposes wherever possible, * Landscape plans for proposed works are to be prepared

providing for location of trees, species type and pot size and planting details,

* The landscaped areas are to be regularly maintained for

appearance and health of the plantings, * Plant species selection should be based on maintenance

requirements, height and bulk of species, attractiveness of species and suitability of species within local streetscape and surrounding areas,

* On non-mountable roundabouts the minimum width of

pavement installed inside the central island of roundabouts and surrounding the landscaped area should be a minimum of 1000mm where possible for safety during maintenance and for traffic signage,

* The minimum diameter for landscape area within a

roundabout should be 3000mm in diameter, * The minimum width of a landscape area for tree

planting within median strips (i.e. clearance between back of kerbs) should be 2500mm,



5 - 9

* Plant species selected for roundabouts, road islands and

median strips should be of low maintenance, compact in growth and provide various contrasts of foliage colour,

* Tree species selected should have slender trunks, be

moderate growers with medium to high foliage crown growth to prevent interference with buses and trucks.

5.16 Bridges and Culverts The design of bridges and culverts shall be in accordance with AUSTROADS

- Bridge Design Code and structurally certified design shall be submitted to Council. Council will also require the submission of structural certification of the constructed works. Structural certification shall be submitted by a Registered Engineer - Structural.

5.17 Safety Barriers for Roads and Bridges Safety barriers for roads and bridges shall be provided in accordance with

Section 6 of the RTA Road Design Guide.

5.18 Fencing adjacent to Drainage Reserves and Channels

Barriers or fencing is to be provided in accordance with Council's requirements along the boundary of the road reserve adjacent to all drainage reserves and channels. Please contact Council's Development Services Section for details of the type and colour of materials to be used.



APPENDIX A

CHECKLIST FOR ENGINEERING PLANS



A - 1

BLACKTOWN CITY COUNCIL ENGINEERING PLAN CHECKLIST

DATE __________________________________________________ FILE Nos. ______________________________________________ CHECKED BY ___________________________________________ GENERAL- Two sets of plans initially (3 for approval). ___________________ - A1 size sheets. ___________________ - Bar scales (if required). ___________________ - Adjoining owners consent for works within their property Site inspection of existing conditions (creeks, trees,

buildings etc). ___________________

- Plans comply with approved lot layout, consent and road length and width.

___________________

- Have Fees been paid. ___________________ COVER SHEET- Locality Plan. ___________________ - Index of drawings sheets. ___________________ - Legend. ___________________ General Notes to be placed on Cover Sheet - All work to BCC specification. ___________________ - Utility adjustments at developers expense. ___________________ - Conduits to be placed where required by the relevant

authorities. ___________________

- Note to preserve trees. ___________________ - Benchmark, SSM’s Permanent Marks (AHD). ___________________ - Agricultural lines placed as directed. ___________________ - A minimum of 3m of subsoil line shall be laid into

upstream side of Council pits. ___________________

- Pits to have step irons if deeper than 1.2m. ___________________ - 100 year flow paths to be formed at time of construction. ___________________ - Structural certification required for construction of major

and non-standard structures. ___________________

- Driveways/Laybacks to have minimum 1.0m clearance from power and light poles and stormwater drains, and 6m clearance from kerb return T.P.'s.

___________________

- Vehicular crossings are to be 4.5m wide at kerb and gutter.

___________________

PLAN- Benchmarks and datum shown. ___________________ - Reduction ratio, bar scales, north point. ___________________ - Lot boundaries and numbers. ___________________



A - 2

- Trees and other features such as dams, buildings, etc. affected by development are clearly indicated and annotated.

___________________

- Features significant to heritage considerations within development boundaries are clearly indicated and annotated.

___________________

- Existing public and private property likely to be affected by this application are clearly indicated and annotated.

___________________

Road Detail - kerb radii 8.5m residential, 12.0m industrial. ___________________ - cul-de-sac radii 8.5m residential, 13.5m industrial. ___________________ - chainages. ___________________ - tangent points. ___________________ - bearings. ___________________ - curve radii (bus routes min 76m). ___________________ - dimensions (check for conformity with hierarchy). ___________________ - half road construction min. width 4.5m. ___________________ - vehicular crossing if required (lm from low side

boundary). ___________________

- check that vehicular crossings do not clash with drainage pit.

___________________

- ramps required at pathways and all kerb returns (no lip). ___________________

- lots to be contoured (existing and proposed). ___________________ - roads intersect at right angles. ___________________ - check for sight distance across intersection. ___________________ - splay corners 5x5 (residential); 8 x 8 (industrial). ___________________ - path paving shown conforms with Council Path Paving

Policy. ___________________

- pathways, width / location. ___________________ - extent of construction. ___________________ - pavement splays shown at end of works. ___________________ - street sign location. No through road signs as required. ___________________ - concrete pathways, extend to kerb. ___________________ - bus bay provided at school site. ___________________ - classification and name of road. ___________________ - guide posts - white, reflectorised. ___________________ - pipe baulkheads in pathways. ___________________ - smooth junction with all existing work. ___________________ - Only barrier kerb permitted adjacent to public or drainage reserves.

___________________

Horizontal road alignment - alignment compatible with design speed. ___________________ - road widths and lanes meet council’s requirements and

design traffic requirements. ___________________

- alignment of bridges suits road alignment. ___________________ - pedestrian, bicycle and parking requirements are met. ___________________



A - 3

- provision has been made for large vehicles such as buses, garbage trucks and emergency vehicles.

___________________

Vertical road alignment - grades meet maximum and minimum requirements. ___________________ - vertical alignment is compatible with property access. ___________________ - the gradient on an intersecting road is not significantly

greater than the cross slope of the through pavement and no greater than 3% at give way signs.

___________________

- sight distance is acceptable for all accesses to roundabouts.

___________________

- The pavement design complies with Council’s pavement design specification.

___________________

- Restriction as to Users & Positive Covenants to be shown (fill, floor level control etc).

___________________

- Flood warning signs adjacent to floodways, basins - refer to Std Drawing A (BS) 114S.

___________________

- All existing features such as dams, fences, trees. ___________________ - Kerb type e.g. STD 150 mm kerb, roll kerb if carriageway

is 9m or less. ___________________

- Kerb return details No, radii, tangent points. ___________________ - Lead-in and tail-out drain details. ___________________ - Regraded areas. ___________________ - Road category. ___________________ - Half road construction – 4.5m. ___________________ - Ag Line at ends of roads if in cut. ___________________ - Pit numbers. ___________________ Linemarking and Signposting - Permanent Signs are shown on the drawings and in

accordance with AS 1743. ___________________

- Permanent Pavement linemarking and pavement marking is indicated on the drawings to meet the requirements of AS 1742.2.

___________________

- Show All Existing and Proposed Give Way and Stop signs, etc.

___________________

Stormwater detail - pipe size, class and type. ___________________ - No curved pipelines unless pipe diameter >1200mm. ___________________ - easement widths shown. ___________________ - provide easements through public reserves. ___________________ - ensure pit location does not clash with driveways. ___________________ - 1m high handrail around pits in public reserve. ___________________ - headwalls to main channels. ___________________ - stubs to be provided to medium density and industrial

lots. ___________________

- pits in road pavements to have HD cast iron covers (Avoid pit in road pavement where possible).

___________________

- all channels, open drains etc. note to turf. ___________________



A - 4

- all flow paths should be in pathways or public reserves. ___________________ - note for reverse crossfall of footpath adjacent to the flow

path. ___________________

- reduction ratios and bar scales. ___________________ LONGITUDINAL SECTIONS- Minimum grade 1 % (desirable). ___________________ - Maximum grades (check guide). ___________________ - Signs of grades shown. ___________________ - Check levels. ___________________ - Vertical Curves. ___________________ * minimum length. ___________________ * riding comfort / sight distance. ___________________ * intersection point details. ___________________ * check low point is adjacent to flow path. ___________________ - Check crest details. ___________________ - Kerb tangent points. ___________________ - Ensure 3% crossfall on major roads at intersections. ___________________ - Match smoothly to existing work. ___________________ - Reduction ratios and bar scale. ___________________ CROSS SECTIONS- Typical cross section for each road showing pavement

width, 0.5m berms, batters, pavement details, pavement extends 300mm behind kerb.

___________________

- Check crossfall particularly at intersections and cul-de-sac heads.

___________________

- Check levels. ___________________ - Check levels for ponding at boundary. ___________________ - Check access to lots where cut/fill proposed. ___________________ - Check batter slopes (1:5 minimum in public reserves). ___________________ - Check flow onto pavement where half-road construction. ___________________ - Reduction ratio and bar scales. ___________________ - Sufficient cross sections are shown to define all

variations and width transitions. ___________________

- Cross sections are of sufficient width to fully assess impact of road level on adjoining property.

___________________

- Cross sections required for fill areas i.e. dams, depressions.

___________________

- Concrete footpath crossfall 2.5%. ___________________ - Path paving 900mm off property boundary. ___________________ PATHWAYS- If used as flow path for 100 year flow, check capacity. ___________________ - Location of pathway adjacent to low point. ___________________ - Maximum 2% reverse crossfall on footpath if pathway

used for flow path. ___________________

- Formation at time of subdivision. ___________________ - Longitudinal section and cross sections at regular

intervals are required. ___________________



A - 5

- Pipe baulkheads. ___________________ - Continued to kerb or pedestrian path paving. ___________________ - Restrictions on adjacent lots to ensure finished floor

levels 500mm above 100 year ARI level. ___________________

INTERSECTION/CUL-DE-SAC DETAIL AND KERB PROFILES- Plan drawn to scale 1:250 or 1:200 or 1:100. ___________________ - Profiles drawn at 10 to 1 exaggeration. ___________________ - Plan to be contoured. ___________________ - Tangent points and radii shown. ___________________ - Kerb returns to be numbered or lettered. ___________________ - Top of kerb levels shown at 1/4 points and V.C. ___________________ - Returns to grade out except sag points (i.e. no trapped

low points. ___________________

- Sag point to be at least 1m beyond kerb TP. ___________________ - Check for length of kerb less than 0.3% (should be less

than 5m). ___________________

- Check splay corner details. ___________________ - Check crossfall centreline to lip. ___________________ - Check riding comfort around return. ___________________ - Reduction ratios and bar scales. ___________________ ROUNDABOUT DESIGN (to Austroad Standards) - Check size conforms with Austroads standards. ___________________ - Check for adequate deflection through RAB. ___________________ - Check vehicular turning circles (dependant on location). ___________________ - Ensure compliance with Council requirements. ___________________ * SBS Modified AC14 to kerb return TP’s (75mm thick). ___________________ * centre island and annulus to be reinforced concrete. ___________________ * painting (reflectorised) and stenciled concrete as

required. ___________________

* lighting to Integral Energy satisfaction. ___________________ * note re: provision of water tap in central island. ___________________ * agricultural lines within central island. ___________________ * reduction ratios and bar scale. ___________________ BRIDGE DESIGN- The design has been performed by a competent

practising Civil or Structural Engineer. ___________________

- Geotechnical data has been adequate and is held on the design file.

___________________

- The type and functional dimensions of the bridges meet the current requirements of Austroads Bridge Design Code, AS 3600, AS 1684, AS 1170, AS 4100.

___________________

- The type and class of all materials are indicated on the drawings.

___________________

- Records of all significant design calculations are available for audit.

___________________

- The design complies with any Conditions of Development consent.

___________________



A - 6

- The design complies with any conditions set by DIPNR and NSW Fisheries.

___________________

STORMWATER PLAN- Catchment plan (1:2000 desirable) include upstream

catchment. ___________________

- Check 100 year flow. ___________________ - Catch drains required to protect lots and roads. ___________________ - Avoid long, deep tail-out drains. Piping may be required. ___________________ - Natural depressions through public reserves to be

piped. ___________________

- Ensure development is above flood levels issued in consent.

___________________

- Check for concentration of water onto adjoining properties.

___________________

- Low flow pipes - generally 600mm diameter. ___________________ - Drainage structure schedule. ___________________ - Structural details of special pits. ___________________ * provided. ___________________ * certified. ___________________ - Easement required where pipes traverse Council land. ___________________ - Drainage is provided for local depressions e.g. median

areas or areas adjacent to fill. ___________________

- Subsurface drainage has been provided when required. ___________________ - Overland flow paths are shown. ___________________ - Lead in and tailout drain details provided. ___________________ - The need for batter drains has been considered for

areas of fill. ___________________

- Drainage structures and flow paths are located so as to ensure safe vehicular and pedestrian transit.

___________________

- Appropriate land stabilisation and velocity controls have been implemented to pipe systems, open channels and embankments.

___________________

- All Overland flow paths and channels to be turfed. ___________________ - Handrails provided to headwalls >1m high and around

surface inlet pits in public property. ___________________

- WSUD elements are detailed with supporting documentation.

___________________

- Water quality treatment has been incorporated where required.

___________________

STORMWATER CALCULATIONS- Q5 residential, except when catchment >6Ha, then use

Q10. Q20 industrial and commercial. ___________________

- Sub-catchment areas. ___________________ - Co-efficient of runoff. ___________________ - Discharge. ___________________ - By pass < 15% of flow, otherwise another pit required

(desirable no bypass). ___________________

- Velocity x depth <0.4 m/s. ___________________



A - 7

- Maximum flow from site to gutter is 55 l/s. ___________________ - Lintel size generally 1.8m (2.4m and centrally placed in

sags). ___________________

- Maximum pit spacing 80 metres. ___________________ - Maximum width of flow in gutter is 2m. ___________________ - Check ponding depth at sag pits. ___________________ - Pit required at KTP where > 20 l/s or 1m width. ___________________ - Hydraulic grade line. ___________________ - Velocities (0.6 m/s to 6.0 m/s). ___________________ - K factor adopted (or ‘n’ value). ___________________ - Head losses. ___________________ - No trapped low points allowed. ___________________ - Check Overland Flow paths Major Flow Check. ___________________ - Minimum time of concentration 6 minutes, max. 20

minutes. ___________________

- Check for ponding on lots. ___________________ - No pits on kerb returns. ___________________ DRAINAGE LONGITUDINAL SECTION- Ensure service locations are shown accurately. ___________________ - Single pipe size and class between pits. ___________________ - Information to be shown. ___________________ * road and pipe chainages. ___________________ * design surface level. ___________________ * design invert level. ___________________ * pipe size, class, type (minimum 375 dia, and RRJ in

roads). ___________________

* pipe grade 1% preferable min., 0.5% absolute min. ___________________ * pipe grade >15% anchor block at 4m intervals

required. ___________________

* water surface levels. ___________________ * hydraulic grade line. ___________________ * intersecting pipeline details. ___________________ * pit type. ___________________ * pit levels. ___________________ * pit number. ___________________ - Check cover (care to be taken at under V.C.’s). ___________________ - Hydraulic grade line correct. ___________________ - Correct depth for upstream connection. ___________________ - Reduction ratios and bar scales. ___________________ - RRJ Pipelines in filled areas and road reserves. ___________________ OUTLET CONDITIONS- Extent of tail-out (depth will determine pipe length). ___________________ - 100 yr ARI and PMF flood extents. ___________________ - Erosion control/turfing. ___________________ - Energy dissipators. ___________________ - Capacity of channels/existing pipeline. ___________________ - Headwall detail. ___________________ - In pathways extend pipe 3m beyond boundary (access). ___________________



A - 8

- Existing pipeline, check capacity. ___________________ - Channel, check capacity, dimensions, erosion

protection. ___________________

- Connection to Trunk drainage. ___________________ - Detention basin. ___________________ * calculations submitted? ___________________ * compaction of embankments. ___________________ * turfing of embankments. ___________________ * effect on adjoining properties (TWL). ___________________ * capacity of downstream system not exceeded. ___________________ * storage required. ___________________ * outlet details. ___________________ * spillway discharge. ___________________ * slope of embankments. ___________________ * safety fencing. ___________________ * signs required. ___________________ * engineer’s certificate. ___________________ * performance report with hydrographs. INTER-ALLOTMENT DRAINAGE- Longitudinal sections provided. ___________________ - Easements shown on plan. ___________________ - Pipe size shown. ___________________ - Minimum 150mm diameter. ___________________ - Adequate pipe size. ___________________ - Pipe cover (Min. 300). ___________________ - Grade (Min. 1%, absolute 0.5%). ___________________ - Type of pipe (RCP V.C.P. PVC etc). ___________________ - Stubs to be provided for industrial, commercial and

medium density lots. ___________________

- Connections to stormwater drainage (angle satisfactory). ___________________ - Pits at bends and inside property boundary. ___________________ - Pipes across Council footways to be RCP or RHS only. ___________________ - Hydraulic check required for > 5 lots. ___________________ EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL- Measures outlined in the ESCP must be implemented

prior to and maintained during and after the construction works.

___________________

Notes * all disturbed areas and stockpiles to be stabilised

within 14 days. ___________________

* topsoil to be stripped, stockpiled and re-spread on completion of earthworks. None to be removed.

___________________

* no disturbance of site permitted other than immediate area of the works.

___________________

* Note re inspection of trees by Council prior to construction works commencing.

___________________

Turfing/grassing of disturbed areas. ___________________ * 300mm wide strip of turf behind kerb. ___________________



A - 9

* no trees to be removed without Council consent. ___________________ * turfing around all surface inlet pits (1 Medium wide). ___________________ * location of soil stockpiles. ___________________ * location of silt fencing. ___________________ - Sediment pond, need for? size, location, protection,

calculations. ___________________

- Soil stockpiles. ___________________ - Silt fences. ___________________ - Plan submitted in accordance with Landcom's “Blue

Book”. ___________________

TRAFFIC MATTERS- Do plans need to be referred to Traffic Committee for

line marking, sign posting, street lighting? ___________________

- If yes, 3 copies of plan required showing line marking, signposting and lighting and report.

___________________

- Check street sign location is to Council requirements. ___________________ - Traffic controls comply with AS 1742.3-2002. ___________________ - Certified by RTA accredited work site traffic. ___________________ - Have pedestrians been catered for. ___________________ - Has "after hours" traffic control through the worksite

been addressed? ___________________

GEOTECHNICAL- Notes to be shown on plans where filling is proposed. * all sediment control measures to be installed prior to

commencement of works. ___________________

* fill compaction as Spec. ___________________ * all testing controlled and certified by NATA registered

lab. ___________________

* strip and stockpile topsoil prior to filling; respread on completion of earthworks.

___________________

* residential lots to be individually classified. ___________________ ADJOINING PROPERTIES (Existing vs Proposed)- Alignment, width of road. ___________________ - Longitudinal sections/grading. ___________________ - Pipe size/grading. ___________________ - Path paving size and location. ___________________

ON-SITE STORMWATER DETENTION - See separate checklist in Appendix B

COMMENTS ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________



APPENDIX B

ON-SITE STORMWATER DETENTION

GENERAL GUIDELINES & CHECKLIST



B - 1

APPENDIX B Blacktown City Council On-Site Stormwater Detention General Guidelines and Checklist.

A General Requirements Revision Date: February 2005 ( )(1) All existing services which need to be relocated (if any) to facilitate the construction

of OSD storage areas, pits or drainage pipelines, shall be relocated at full cost to the developer. (This should be a note on the plan).

B Pits – General Requirements

( )(1) Provide step irons for all pits deeper than 1200mm. The step irons shall be staggered to give a 300mm spacing vertically and 220mm spacing horizontally. The type of step irons used must satisfy Council’s requirements for durability and strength.

( )(2) Provide a pit at the road boundary where drainage lines enter public roads and footways. These pits may be either “precast” or cast "in-situ" concrete pits. PVC or similar “precast” pits are not acceptable.

( )(3) Pits shall be designed so that the discharge from inlet pipes is directed towards the

outlet pipe. ( )(4) All inlet & outlet pipes shall be cut flush with pit wall, and the pit floor is to be

benched from invert of inlet pipe to invert of outlet pipe. - No sump in pit. ( )(5) All pit grates to have same clear opening as internal plan dimension of pits (for pits up

to 1200 square). ( )(6) All pits associated with on site detention system, (except for the High Early Discharge

Pit), shall have minimum internal opening dimensions of 600mm x 600mm for pits up to 600mm deep, 600 x 900 for pits up to 900mm deep, and 900mm x 900mm for deeper pits.

( )(7) Max Weight of each individual hinged grate shall be 20 kilograms. ( )(8) All grates to be hinged and provided with an appropriate childproof lockdown system.

Hinged grates are to be placed away from any wall or kerb, to ensure that the grates can be opened fully for safety reasons.

( )(9) Where precast pits are proposed (except for the H.E.D pit), the pit shall be placed on a

75mm thick concrete base and backfilled with concrete to half way up the outside of the unit. PVC type pits are not acceptable.



B - 2

C High Early Discharge Pit (H.E.D.) Requirements

( )(1) High Early Discharge (HED) pits are to be constructed as concrete cast “in-situ” pits.

Precast or masonry brick pits are not permitted for HED pits. ( )(2) Design and construction of the High Early Discharge pit satisfy the requirements of

Council Plan A(BS)136S. ( )(3) High Early Discharge pits for a depth up to 1200mm deep shall have minimum internal

opening dimensions of 900mm x 900mm. For deeper pits, the HED pit shall have a minimum internal opening of 1200mm x 1200mm.

( )(4) The flap valve on the “return” from the storage area into the HED pit shall be a

"Nicholas Flexi Flap" or approved equivalent as per Council Plan A(BS)136S. If an equivalent is proposed this must be approved by Council’s Engineer prior to installation. The "Nicholas Flexi Flap" is available from several suppliers as listed in the UPRCT handbook – Appendix E

( )(5) Fittings in the HED pit are to be secured with "Ramset Chemical anchors (type M 1O)"

available from Ramset Fastener Pty Ltd or approved equivalent. Any proposed equivalent must be approved by Council’s Engineer prior to installation.

( )(6) The invert of the HED pit shall be drained using an ag-line, 50mm in diameter, with a

minimum length of 1m. This ag-line shall be laid in a trench with a minimum gradient of 1%. The trench shall be backfilled with 5mm single size stone. This system shall be drained to a downstream existing Council kerb, pipe or pit.

( )(7) Pits shall be designed so that the discharge of "inlet" pipes is directed across the trash

rack.

D Storage ( )(1) The invert of the storage pit shall be graded at a minimum of 2% toward the outlet. ( )(2) At least the 1 in 2 ARI year storm or 20% of total storage shall be underground or in

low nuisance areas such as passive landscaped or paved entertainment area. (Primary storage is not permitted within the minimum 80m2 courtyard area for residential development.)



B - 3

Underground storage tanks shall incorporate the following features. ( )(3) A minimum internal (head) height of 1.2m is to be provided. This may be reduced to

750mm for commercial/industrial development or 500mm for residential development, but only where all other practical alternatives have been exhausted and where it can be demonstrated that consideration has been made to allow easy access by the owner of the system to facilitate inspection and maintenance and having satisfied the requirements of Confined Spaces Act and Occupational Health & Safety Act 2000.

( )(4) Sufficient ventilation and access points (usually hinged grated lids) must be provided

to the storage tank.

i. All grates accessing the tank shall be in a dimension of 900mm x 900mm. These industrial grates are to have a maximum lifting weight of 20 kg. The grate may need to have a double opening in order to achieve this requirement.

ii. Grates are to be placed in a manner to ensure that the maximum

distance from any point in the tank to the edge of the nearest grate is not greater than 3m. This is to facilitate access and maintenance of the storage tank.

iii. The base of the tank to be shaped as follows:

a. 2% cross fall to a central “V” drain, and b. 2% longitudinally slope along the “V” drain.

v. The designer should avoid placing access points/grates in

driveways to minimize danger to service personnel during maintenance works. Where this cannot be avoided, the grates must be designed to withstand vehicular loads.

( )(5) Suspended pipes through underground storage spaces shall be avoided wherever

possible. Where they are unavoidable the following requirements shall apply: -

i. Concrete pipes, in tanks, must be supported by concrete cradles with a minimum clearance of 50mm between under side of pipe and the tank floor.

ii. PVC pipes must be secured to wall brackets or roof brackets.

The resultant system shall be rigid in all directions.



B - 4

( )(6) Vertical walls shall be finished smooth so that they cannot collect litter and debris. Walls will generally satisfy this requirement if they are: -

i. Block walls with flush joints ii. Concrete wall with smooth surface

( )(7) Horizontal and near horizontal surfaces inside pits shall be finished with a wood float

finish. ( )(8) Above ground storage areas shall incorporate the following features.

a. “Walk in” and “walk out” batters with a maximum slope of 1 vertical to 5 horizontal shall be provided for storage areas.

b. If maximum slope for “walk in” and “walk out” cannot be achieved or

maximum storage depth is in excess of 600mm, a 1.2m high safety pool fence or better, must be provided to protect the storage area.

c. Steps must be provided where the step down to storage invert exceeds

200 mm or for “fenced” storage areas where maximum allowable slope cannot be achieved.

d. When a dwelling wall is proposed to form part of the containment wall

for a storage area, or is adjacent to the storage area, it must have an impervious waterproof type membrane to prevent water seeping/penetrating or rising into dwelling. Care must be taken to ensure that brick wall ventilation holes are not below TWL of storage area.

E Trash Rack

( )(1) The trash rack shall be constructed of hot dipped galvanized mesh, "Lysaght

Maxi mesh Rh3030" or approved equivalent, for orifices of less than 150mm diameter. For orifices greater than 150mm diameter "WELDLOK (F40/203)" type mesh or approved equivalent shall be used. The cross sectional area of the screen shall not be less than 50 times the orifice cross sectional area for the Maxi mesh or 20 times for “WELDLOK”.

The use of any equivalent must be approved by Council’s Engineer prior to

installation. Any gaps between track rack and wall shall be no greater than 3mm. The Trash Rack shall be easily removable to allow cleaning of the orifice plate.



B - 5

F Outlet System ( )(1) Orifice plate shall consist of a stainless steel plate 3mm thick for orifice holes

up to 150mm diameter, and 5mm thick for larger orifice sizes.(See Council Plan A(BS)136S).

( )(2) A galvanized Rolled Hollow Steel (RHS) section shall be provided between

the boundary inspection pit and a kerb and gutter discharge point. ( )(3) Reinforced concrete pipes (rubber ring joint type) line shall be used between

the boundary pit and any Council drainage pit.

G Maintenance Schedule (.)(1) Prepared in accordance with guidelines in the UPRCT OSD Handbook.



APPENDIX C

PATH PAVING POLICY



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APPENDIX C

Path Paving Policy

January, 2001



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Table of Contents Page No. Aim ........................................................................................................................................3 General.......................................................................................................................................3

1.1 Residential & Industrial .....................................................................................3 1.2 Road Hierarchy ..................................................................................................4 1.3 Explanations.......................................................................................................6

1.3.1 Pedestrians .............................................................................................6 1.3.2 Desire Line.............................................................................................6 1.3.3 Sub-Arterial Roads.................................................................................6 1.3.4 Collector Roads......................................................................................6 1.3.5 Local Roads ...........................................................................................6 1.3.6 Cul-de-sacs.............................................................................................6 1.3.7 Access Roads .........................................................................................7 1.3.8 Industrial Collector Roads .....................................................................7 1.3.9 Industrial Access Roads.........................................................................7 1.3.10 Pathways ................................................................................................7 1.3.11 Parks.......................................................................................................7 1.3.12 Schools...................................................................................................7 1.3.13 Commercial/Retail Areas.......................................................................7 1.3.14 Bike Paths are .......................................................................................7

2. Implementation ..............................................................................................................8

2.1 Developing Areas...............................................................................................8 2.1.1 Option 1 .................................................................................................8 2.1.2 Option 2 .................................................................................................8

2.2 Established Areas...............................................................................................9 2.2.1 Developer Construction .........................................................................9 2.2.2 Provision of Path Paving by Council .....................................................9



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Aim To provide a path paving network where it is needed most so that pedestrians have a safe and effective, all weather surface on which to walk.

General

1.1 Residential & Industrial

Path Paving is generally 1.2m wide and laid 900mm off the property boundary on the footway of public roads in new release areas. However, in established areas the Path Paving is generally 1.1m wide and laid 900mm off the property boundary. Council’s Path Paving Policy is outlined below:

(i) All new path paving shall be 1.2m wide and laid 900mm off the property

boundary.

(ii) In established areas, where the existing path paving is generally 1.1m wide, the Manager Maintenance Services and Co-ordinator Engineering Approvals have delegated authority to either maintain the status quo or apply 1.1 (i) on a case by case basis.

(iii) For new subdivisions adjacent to established areas, where the existing path

paving has been constructed on both sides, but new path paving is required on one side, the Director Environmental & Planning Services and Co-ordinator Engineering Approvals have delegated authority to determine the transition point.

(iv) The Director Technical & Transport Services and Director Environmental &

Planning Services have delegated authority to change the width of path paving from the standard width of 1.2m to any other width depending on the particular situation.

Path paving shall generally be constructed of 75mm thick concrete. Its provision is usually delayed until approximately 75 percent of the dwellings are constructed in the street. However, in the case of integrated housing, the concrete path paving shall be 125mm thick to enable road and building works to commence concurrently. Refer to the Table outlined below. The three types of path paving allowed by Council are outlined below:

Type 1 Grey concrete as per the width and offset distance off the property

boundary outlined above. Expansion joints shall be placed at intervals not exceeding six (6) metres with dummy joints provided every one point two (1.2) metres. The Director Technical & Transport Services,



C - 4

Director Environmental & Planning Services, Manager Maintenance Services and Co-ordinator Engineering Approvals have delegated authority to vary the surface texture or finish, and colour of the concrete path paving.

Type 2 Grey concrete with clay segmental pavers as per the width and offset

distance off the property boundary outlined above. Segmental pavers shall be set in 75mm thick concrete at every third dummy joint.

Type 3 Clay Segmental Pavers used for commercial/retail areas shall be full

width and placed on 25mm of sand on top of 75mm thick concrete base.

However, in residential areas, the use of clay segmental pavers will be considered by Council on a case by case basis. Council would only consider the use of segmental pavers for residential streets if the development is of sufficient size with a significant road network and provides housing for a large community. (ie. subdivisions or estates with a minimum of 200 residential lots and a large proportion of self contained road network)

1.2 Road Hierarchy

The road hierarchy in the City of Blacktown is embodied in Council’s Development Control Plan, which details the requirements for new roads created by the development control process. The following table lists the path paving requirements for each road category:- (see next page)



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Road Hierarchy

Carriageway

Width (m)

Width

Path Paving (m)

Path Paving Thickness

(mm)

Comments

Sub Arterial

12.5

4 Median

1.2*

75

Both Sides

Residential Collector

11

1.2*

75

Both Sides

Local

9

1.2*

125#

One Side plus Desire Line

Cul-de-sac

7.5

1.2*

125#


Access

5.5

1.2*

125#


Industrial Collector

15.5

1.2*

75

Both Sides

Industrial Access

13.5

1.2*

75

One Side plus Desire Line only

Other Pathways (New Release Areas)

-

4

150

F82 Mesh

Crossing Points

Pathways (Established Areas)

3

150

F82 Mesh

Crossing Points

Parks

-

1.5

150

F82 Mesh

Desire Line

Schools

-

Full Width

125

F82 Mesh

Main Entrance, Bus Bay & Pick Up Areas

Commercial/Retail Residential

-

Full Width

1.27

165

165

Segmental Pavers Plus 75mm Thick Concrete Base and 25mm Sand As above with concrete edge strip or header course set directly on concrete

Bike Path (Off Road)

-

2.5

125

F82 Mesh

Desire Line



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Notes: (i) The above Table should be read in conjunction with Section 1.3 of the Policy document.

(ii) 1.2* It should be noted that the majority of existing path paving in

established areas are 1.1m wide.

(iii) 125# The 125mm thickness is required at vehicular crossings and adjacent to roll top kerb.

(iv) Path paving provided by Council shall be Type 1, unless otherwise

approved by Council.

(v) This Policy is not applicable to Stanhope Gardens, as it is covered by Blacktown Development Control Plan 1992 - Part J.

1.3 Explanations 1.3.1 Pedestrians has been used throughout this Policy, however it is recognised that users

of path paving include wheelchair users and young cyclists. 1.3.2 Desire Line is the preferred route which pedestrians would use to reach their

destination, such as a school, shops, park, place of worship, bus stop, train station, sporting facilities and community facilities etc.

1.3.3 Sub-Arterial Roads need path paving on both sides due to higher vehicle speeds and

traffic volumes, and the need to limit road crossing points to reduce the potential for pedestrian/vehicle contact. Sub-Arterial roads are marked on Plan No. A(BS)76R, which shows the road hierarchy.

1.3.4 Collector Roads need path paving on both sides due to the higher traffic volumes and

the need to limit road crossing points to reduce the potential for pedestrian/vehicle contact. Collector roads are marked on Plan No. A(BS)76R, which shows the road hierarchy, and for new subdivision roads with 11 metres wide carriageway.

1.3.5 Local Roads generally need path paving on one side only for roads with Annual

Average Daily Traffic (AADT) of more than 300 vehicles per day. Path paving is generally not provided on roads with AADT of less than 300 vehicles per day. Local roads will sometimes be provided with path paving on both sides of the road if desire lines are identified along both sides of the road.

1.3.6 Cul-de-sacs generally need path paving on one side due to the low traffic volume. In

new subdivisions, path paving shall be provided along at least one side of the Cul-de-sac. For existing Cul-de-sacs with less than 30 dwellings, the residents must be consulted to ascertain whether or not they require path paving, particularly prior to construction.



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1.3.7 Access Roads are narrow residential streets which have very low traffic volumes and path paving would only be provided along one side.

1.3.8 Industrial Collector Roads are generally heavily trafficked with high usage by heavy

vehicles. Although the pedestrian generation is generally low, it is essential that path paving is provided on both sides to encourage road crossings at intersections.

1.3.9 Industrial Access Roads have only minor pedestrian movements, but due its usage by

heavy vehicles and the longer distances that pedestrians need to walk. Path paving would be provided on one side.

1.3.10 Pathways generally link streets with streets or streets to recreational and/or

community facilities. In many instances, Pathways are also utilised to cater for overland flows. As such, they are generally constructed with 3 percent cross-fall and kerbed on one side. Pathways in new release areas are 4m wide and in established areas they are generally 3m wide. Pathways shall be constructed full width with 150mm thick concrete.

1.3.11 Parks provide aesthetic pedestrian routes that are usually linked to the adjacent street

path paving network. They provide pedestrian access to recreational and/or community facilities located within the Park. The width of path paving in Parks are generally 1.5m wide and constructed in 150mm thick concrete to cater for mowing tractors.

1.3.12 Schools need full width concrete path paving around the main entrance, adjacent to

bus bays and ‘drop off and pick up’ areas caters for the high pedestrian numbers, particularly during the ‘drop off’ and ‘pick up’ times. The full width concrete paved areas are usually linked directly to the adjacent path paving network.

1.3.13 Commercial/Retail Areas are generally paved with segmental pavers full width to

cater for the high pedestrian usage and to enhance the aesthetics of these areas. Segmental pavers shall be laid on 25mm sand over 75mm thick concrete base.

1.3.14 Bike Paths are generally 2.5m wide and constructed in concrete. If standard path

paving is proposed to be provided between two bike paths or where it forms part of Council’s Bike Plan, then the proposed path paving should be upgraded to 2.5m wide to provide continuity.



C - 8

2. Implementation 2.1 Developing Areas

Developer Construction

Developers are required to provide path paving on roads created by subdivisions and along roads adjacent to their subdivisions. The provision of path paving by developers should be delayed until approximately 75 percent of the dwellings have been constructed along the street frontage. This is to minimise damage to the path paving during house construction.

The developer has 2 options to facilitate the delay of path paving provision:

2.1.1 Option 1 Lodgement of Security Deposit in the form of a Bank

Guarantee or Cash Deposit can be lodged with Council together with the execution of Council’s standard Deed. The amount of the security is 1.5 times the value of the work which is calculated using Council’s short term contract rates. When approximately 75 percent of the allotments created have been built upon, the developer may then notify Council of their intention to construct the path paving. Following Council’s approval to proceed with the work, the work is then carried out by the developer’s contractor and upon satisfactory completion the Security Deposit will be released.

2.1.2 Option 2 Monetary Payment towards the provision of path

paving may be made by the developer. The amount of payment will be calculated using Council’s Goods & Services Pricing Schedule. In addition, an administration fee calculated using Council's Goods and Services Pricing Schedule is payable to Council. The amount due must be paid prior to release of the plan of subdivision, but may also be paid at a later date to release a Security Deposit. The path paving will then be constructed by Council at a later date. This option relieves the developer of their obligations to provide path paving much earlier than Option 1 and frees the developer from servicing a Bank Guarantee and other administrative commitments.

The extent of path paving works proposed in accordance with this Policy must be shown on the Engineering Plans required by the Development Consent. The extent of works approved by Council will then form part of the road and drainage works that the developer is required to provide.

Construction of Path Paving by Council in Developing Areas

Generally, Council do not construct path paving in developing areas as the developer will be required to provide it as a condition of development approval. However,



C - 9

situations may arise whereby the property owners when it does to meet the needs of the community, Council will seek to recover half the construction cost of providing the path paving from the owners of properties fronting the work. Particularly when the subject properties are capable of further development or undertake commercial activities. Council has the legislative power to enforce the recovery of half the construction costs of providing path paving from the owners of properties fronting the work in accordance with the Local Government Act 1993.

2.2 Established Areas

2.2.1 Developer Construction

Where a development site fronts a road which is identified by this Policy as requiring path paving, the developer is responsible for its construction along the full frontage of the site. The fulfilment of this responsibility is by:

(i) Construction by developer at the time of the development. (ii) Monetary Payment as set out in Option 2 above. (2.1.2)

2.2.2 Provision of Path Paving by Council

Council allocates funding for path paving projects through its Annual Works Improvement Program. Projects are prioritised on merit in accordance to the Selection Criteria outlined below:

Pedestrian Generators, Pedestrian Safety, Development Potential, Road Hierarchy, Remaining or Incomplete Sections, and Requests Received by Council.



APPENDIX D

DRAINAGE DESIGN MANUAL


EGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT - February 2005

D - 1

APPENDIX D Blacktown City Council DRAINAGE DESIGN MANUAL A Supplement to the 1998 Edition of Australian Rainfall and Runoff for Blacktown Prepared by: Blacktown City Council Revised 2005



D - 2

INTRODUCTION This document outlines Blacktown City Council's recommended practice for urban drainage design. All urban drainage design for Council shall be carried out in accordance with this document. It is in no way a comprehensive "Design Manual" and is intended to be read in conjunction with and as a supplement to the 1998 Reprinted edition of "Australian Rainfall and Runoff" (referred to as "AR&R"). The Design coefficients defined in the Tables and Figures within this Manual are applicable only to the City of Blacktown. The "Major/Minor" concept is adopted for urban drainage design. The "Minor" system refers to the underground pipes system, designed to an Average Recurrence Interval as determined in Section 1 of this Manual. The "Major" system refers to overland flow paths which shall be designed to convey major storm flows when the capacity of the minor system is exceeded. The Manual has been divided into Sections in accordance with the design procedures outlined in Section 1.5.2, Book 8 of AR&R (page 9). The appendices detail several design techniques which may be applicable to different aspects of Urban Drainage Design. General requirements for the design of trunk drainage systems in new release areas are detailed in Section 9 of this Manual. Where these designs are carried out by Consultants, a separate Design Brief shall be written for each new design. NOTE: Although the parameters and techniques for Flow Estimation in urban catchments as set out in the Manual, generally refer to the Rational Method, it may, depending on catchment characteristics, be more appropriate to use Time/Area or Non-Linear-Runoff-Routing Model. Urban Hydrograph Models such as RAFTS, DRAINS and XP-STORM employ rigorous, as well as contemporary techniques for determining catchment discharge and response and should be used wherever possible. Council has already modelled some catchments using the DRAINS and RAFTS computer models and on request, these data files can be made available to facilitate catchment analysis.



D - 3

DESIGN PROCEDUREListed below is the suggested procedure for urban stormwater drainage design. A detailed explanation of the procedures is contained within each Section. The steps refer to the general order in which a drainage design proceeds.

1. Determine Design Average Recurrence Intervals. 1.1 Piped Drainage (Minor System). 1.2 Major System Drainage. 1.3 Redevelopment in Urban Areas. 1.4 Trunk Drainage. 1.5 Design Freeboard.

2. Preliminary Layout of Proposed Drainage.

3. Calculation of Minor System Flowrates. 3.1 Design Rainfall Intensities. 3.2 Time of Concentration. 3.3 Runoff Coefficients. 3.4 Sub-area Discharge. 3.5 Partial Area Flows.

4. Pit Inlets Design.

4.1 Pit Location. 4.2 Analysis of Existing Pits. 4.3 Inlet Design.

5. Assessment of Major System Flows.

6. Hydraulic Design.

7. Design of On-site Stormwater Detention for Urban Developments. 7.1 Introduction 7.2 When is On-site Stormwater Detention Required? 7.3 Design Requirements

8. Culvert Design 9. Trunk Drainage Design - General Requirements

9.1 Hydrology. 9.2 Design Principles. 9.3 Hydraulic Analysis. 9.4 Regional Retarding Basins/Wetlands.

10. Computer Applications.

10.1 Commercially Available Programs. 10.2 Parameters for Hydrological Models.



D - 4

1. DETERMINE DESIGN RECURRENCE INTERVALS 1.1 PIPED DRAINAGE (MINOR SYSTEM)

Road Drainage (General Longitudinally):

Land Use A.R.I. Rural Residential 5 years

Urban Residential (with catchments of 6Ha or less) 5 years

Urban Residential (with catchments larger than 6Ha) 10 years

Commercial 20 years

Industrial 20 years Road Crossings (With Unobstructed Floodway): Hierarchy Classification A.R.I. Local/Collector 5 years Sub-Arterial 20 years Arterial 100 years Access to Emergency Facilities 100 years

1.2 MAJOR SYSTEM DRAINAGE

A check shall be undertaken to ensure that the 100 years ARI flow rate has a safe "escape route" when the minor system fails. Major system drainage shall not be confused with trunk drainage, as explained in the introduction. The "escape route" shall follow a public pathway or road system, developed as part of the subdivision/development being created.

1.3 REDEVELOPMENT IN URBAN AREAS

Where a development is proposed at or adjacent to a known flooding problem area, the piped drainage shall be designed to a minimum of a 20 year Average Recurrence Interval (ARI), or another appropriate ARI, as directed. Location of problem areas are defined by Council's Stormwater Surcharge Index. This information can be obtained from Council's Manager Investigation and Design.



D - 5

In these circumstances, a local flood study, in addition to the stormwater drainage concept plan, may be required to be submitted with the lodgement of the Development Application. Details may be obtained from Council's Manager Investigation and Design.

1.4 TRUNK DRAINAGE

All trunk drainage systems shall be designed to a 100 year ARI flow rate for the Critical Storm, with freeboard requirements as shown in Section 1.5. Major retention structures should be checked for Half Probable Maximum Flood flows so that damage, resulting from failure of the structure, does not occur. Refer to Section 9 of this Manual.

NOTE: Modification of these values will depend on individual cases e.g. Freeboard may be increased or reduced where waterway area is such that the sensitivity of the floodway to changes in the flow parameters, is indicative of a corresponding large or small change in flow depth and velocity; additionally, it may be necessary for a structure to be checked for a Full Probable Maximum Flood in areas where failure could significantly increase the danger to life and property.

The extent of "trunk drainage" in a catchment will be defined by areas shown as

"Drainage Reserve" zone 5(a) in the LEP, and/or flood extents mapping as defined on Council's Geographical Information System.

1.5 DESIGN FREEBOARD

Residential Industrial/ Commercial

Drainage System Land Level

(#)

Habitable Floor Level

Garage Floor Level

Land Level

(#)

Floor Level

Trunk Drainage Creeks and open channels 0.5 m 0.5 m 0.1 m 0.5 m 0.5 m

Overland Flow N/A 0.3 m 0.1 m N/A 0.3 m Onsite Detention (*) N/A 0.2 m 0.1 m N/A 0.2 m Road Drainage - Minor Systems (Gutter & Pipe Flow) 0.15 m below top of grate

Road Drainage - Major Systems (Road capacity) See Figure 1.1

Detention Basins 0.5 m below top of embankment (100 year ARI) (*) Refer to Section 7.3 - Design Requirements. (#) Land level at subdivision stage.

Figure 1.1 - Typical Freeboard Requirements

Note:

adjoining the buildings. Generally, this level will beconsideration the most critical water surface levelFinished floor levels shall be designed taking into

in line with the upstream most building wall as shown'X' and 'Y' in the plan.

FFL

V x Dg < 0.3m /sGutter Flow

SECTION A-A

flow

0.3 m (minimum) Industrial/Commercial

Trunk Drainage

100 year ARI flood level

0.5 m (minimum) - Residential

DRAINAGE RESERVE

100 year

A

ROAD

Y

B

Building

X

B

A

Setback

Gutter level to be above the100 year ARI flood level

FFL

4 % (standard)

DRAINAGE RESERVE

BDY

ARI

PLAN

flood

as per Section 1.1

Major Systems (100 Year ARI)

Minor System

2000(max)

ROAD RESERVE

extent

flow

Land level beyond building setbackshall be at least:- 0.5 m for residential areas

above the 100 year ARI flood level.- 0.3 m for Industrial & Commercial areas

Area

SECTION B-B

Building Setback

225

(min

)

Land level beyond building setback

- 0.3 m for Industrial & Commercial areasabove the 100 year ARI flood level.

shall be at least:- 0.5 m for residential areas

(max

)20

0

4 % (standard)

BDY

FFL

flowpiped Flow Depth < 200 mm

Overland Flow:

easementdrainage

30022

5 (m

in)

BDY

100

(min

)

BDY

(min

) 225

(min

)

FFL

overland floweasement withPiped drainage

flow

V x D < 0.3 m /s

2

V x D < 1.0 m /s2

2

300

(min

)

D – 6



D - 7

2. PRELIMINARY LAYOUT OF PROPOSED DRAINAGE An assessment of the topography will determine the location of proposed drainage paths. Once the location of a proposed network is defined, trial pit locations should be arranged. Generally, pits should be spaced with minimal bypass flows. An approximate procedure for locating pits is detailed in "Technical Note 2" in Book 8 (page 11) of AR&R. The final design criteria for location of pits is described in Section 4.1 of this Manual. Catchment areas to each pit shall be determined from contour information and proposed property boundaries. A site inspection shall always be made to check the contour information and assess the likelihood of any flow path deviations which may occur as a consequence of existing or proposed developments. Changes to flow paths can occur as a result of the construction of fences, retaining walls, buildings etc. after the construction phase of the subdivision. The impact of these changes shall be considered at the design stage. Sub-area discharges can be calculated using the procedures detailed in Section 3. Major system flow paths should be defined at this stage, and analysed according to the procedures detailed in Section 5.



D - 8

3. CALCULATION OF MINOR SYSTEM FLOWRATES 3.1 DESIGN RAINFALL INTENSITIES

Rainfall intensities adopted for design are those issued by the Bureau of Meteorology for Minchinbury, and these shall apply for the Blacktown City Council Area. A copy of the IFD table (Table 3.0) is on the following page.

3.2 TIMES OF CONCENTRATION

Time of concentration for each subcatchment shall be determined using the Kinematic Wave Equation, as detailed in Technical Note 3 (Pages 12-13) of Book 8 of AR&R.

The Kinematic Wave equation is very sensitive to slope and the Retardance Coefficient "n*", these should be estimated carefully. Recommended Retardance Coefficients are listed below in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1 Surface Retardance Coefficients (n*) Land Use Retardance Coefficient

Road/Paved Areas Only 0.01 Normal Residential 0.08 Medium Density Residential 0.06 Industrial/Commercial 0.04 Parkland 0.15 Open space (Natural Bushland) 0.3

Note: Minimum Tc = 5 mins.

Maximum Tc = 20 mins. Where Tc is in excess of 14 mins. it is necessary to validate the use of such a Time in the calculations.



D - 9

TABLE 3.0 RAINFALL INTENSITY FREQUENCY DURATION FOR BLACKTOWN NSW

Average Recurrence Interval

Duration 1 Year (mm/hr)

2 Year (mm/hr)

5 Year (mm/hr)

10 Year (mm/hr)

20 Year (mm/hr)

50 Year (mm/hr)

100 Year(mm/hr)

5.0m 5.5m

77 75

100 96

129 124

146 141

168 162

197 190

219 212

6.0m 6.5m

72 70

93 91

120 117

136 132

157 152

184 179

205 199

7.0m 7.5m

68 66

88 86

114 111

128 125

148 144

174 169

194 188

8.0m 8.5m

65 63

84 81

108 105

122 119

140 137

165 161

184 179

9.0m 9.5m

62 60

80 78

103 100

116 114

134 131

157 154

175 171

10m 11m

59 57

76 73

98 94

111 107

128 123

150 144

167 160

12m 13m

55 53

70 68

91 88

103 99

118 114

139 134

154 149

14m 15m

51 49.4

66 64

85 82

96 93

110 107

129 125

144 139

16m 17m

47.9 46.5

62 60

79 77

90 87

103 100

121 118

135 131

18m 19m

45.3 44.1

58 57

75 73

85 83

98 95

115 111

127 124

20m 21m

43.0 42.0

55 54

71 70

81 79

93 90

109 106

121 118

22m 23m

41.0 40.1

53 52

68 66

77 75

88 86

104 101

115 112

24m 25m

39.2 38.4

51 49.5

65 64

73 72

84 83

99 97

110 108

26m 27m

37.7 36.9

48.5 47.5

62 61

70 69

81 79

95 93

105 103

28m 29m

36.2 35.6

46.6 45.8

60 59

68 66

78 76

91 90

101 99

30m 32m

34.9 33.8

45.0 43.4

58 56

65 63

75 72

88 85

98 94

34m 36m

32.7 31.7

42.0 40.8

54 52

61 59

70 68

82 80

91 88

38m 40m

30.7 29.9

39.6 38.5

51 49.4

57 56

66 64

77 75

86 83

45m 50m

28.0 26.4

36.0 33.9

46.2 43.5

52 49.1

60 56

70 66

78 73



D - 10

Table 3.0 Continued

55m 60m

25.0 23.8

32.1 30.6

41.2 39.2

46.4 44.1

53 51

62 59

69 66

75m 90m

20.8 18.6

26.7 23.9

34.3 30.7

38.6 34.6

44.4 39.8

52 46.6

58 52

105m 120m

16.9 15.6

21.8 20.1

27.9 25.7

31.5 29.0

36.2 33.4

42.4 39.0

47.1 43.4

135m 150m

14.5 13.6

18.6 17.5

23.9 22.4

27.0 25.3

31.0 29.1

36.3 34.0

40.3 37.8

165m 180m

12.8 12.1

16.5 15.6

21.1 20.0

23.8 22.6

27.4 26.0

32.1 30.4

35.6 33.8

195m 210m

11.5 11.0

14.8 14.2

19.0 18.2

21.5 20.5

24.7 23.6

28.9 27.6

32.1 30.7

225m 240m

10.5 10.1

13.6 13.0

17.4 16.7

19.6 18.9

22.6 21.7

26.4 25.4

29.4 28.2

270m 5h

9.41 8.81

12.1 11.3

15.5 14.6

17.5 16.4

20.2 18.6

23.6 22.1

26.2 24.6

6h 7h

7.86 7.14

10.1 9.19

13.0 11.8

14.7 13.3

16.9 15.3

19.8 18.0

21.9 19.9

8h 9h

6.57 6.11

8.46 7.86

10.9 10.1

12.3 11.4

14.1 13.1

16.5 15.4

18.4 17.1

10h 11h

5.72 5.39

7.36 6.94

9.46 8.92

10.7 10.1

12.3 11.6

14.4 13.6

16.0 15.1

12h 14h

5.11 4.63

6.58 5.97

8.45 7.70

9.54 8.71

11.0 10.0

12.9 11.8

14.3 13.1

16h 18h

4.25 3.94

5.48 5.09

7.10 6.61

8.04 7.50

9.29 8.67

10.9 10.2

12.2 11.4

20h 22h

3.68 3.46

4.76 4.48

6.20 5.84

7.04 6.65

8.15 7.70

9.61 9.09

10.7 10.2

24h 30h

3.27 2.82

4.23 3.66

5.54 4.81

6.31 5.50

7.31 6.39

8.64 7.58

9.66 8.46

36h 42h

2.49 2.24

3.24 2.92

4.28 3.87

4.91 4.45

5.72 5.19

6.79 6.17

7.62 6.94

48h 54h

2.04 1.87

2.66 2.44

3.54 3.26

4.07 3.76

4.76 4.40

5.68 5.26

6.38 5.92

60h 66h 72h

1.73 1.61 1.50

2.26 2.10 1.97

3.03 2.83 2.65

3.50 3.27 3.07

4.10 3.84 3.61

4.91 4.60 4.33

5.53 5.19 4.89

The rainfall intensities shown above are calculated in accordance with Chapter 2, Australian Rainfall and Runoff - 1987 Edition. Blacktown, NSW: 33.8 South 150.825 East AUS-IFD February 2005 Ver 2.0, 2001



D - 11

3.3 RUNOFF COEFFICIENTS

Runoff Coefficients "C" shall be determined in accordance with Section 1.5.5(iii) (pages 18-19) of Book 8 of AR&R. The following equations apply for Blacktown:

Cy = Fy x C10

where: C10 = 0.9 x f + 0.36068 x (1 - f)

These parameters are defined below:

Cy : Runoff Coefficient for recurrence interval "y" (years) C10: 10 year ARI Runoff Coefficient Fy : Frequency Factor - See Table 3.2 f : Fraction Impervious - See Table 3.3

Runoff coefficients shall be estimated separately for each land use, see Table 3.3. Table 3.4 is a quick reference table giving runoff coefficients in Blacktown for the land uses listed in Table 3.3.

NOTE: Refer to Section 10.2 for coefficients to be used in computer analysis

using DRAINS or RAFTS-XP Models. Past experience and information from DIPNR suggests that major flooding in

Blacktown occurs part way through a much longer storm event. Thus the catchment is already saturated and the Loss Rates are negligible.

Table 3.2

Frequency Factors for Runoff Coefficients

Recurrence Intervals Fy

1 0.80 2 0.85 5 0.95 10 1.00 20 1.05 50 1.15 100 1.20



D - 12

Table 3.3 Fraction Impervious for Runoff Coefficients Land Use f Public Recreation Areas 0.50 Older Residential Lot Only 0.75 Older Residential Lot Incl. Half Road 0.80 New Residential Lot Only 0.80 New Residential Lot incl. Half Road 0.85 Medium Density Residential Lot (villas etc) 0.85 Half Width Road Reserve 0.95 Industrial Areas/Commercial Areas 1.00 Table 3.4 Quick Reference Table Runoff Coefficients (Cy) for Blacktown Land Use Recurrence Interval

5 10 20 100 Older Residential Lot Only 0.73 0.77 0.80 0.90 Older Residential incl. Half Road 0.76 0.79 0.83 0.95 New Residential Lot Only 0.76 0.79 0.83 0.95 New Residential Lot incl. Half Road 0.78 0.82 0.86 0.98 Half Width Road Reserve 0.83 0.87 0.92 1.0 Medium Density Residential Lot 0.78 0.82 0.86 0.97 Industrial/Commercial Areas 0.86 0.90 0.95 1.0 Public Recreation Areas 0.61 0.63 0.65 0.72



D - 13

3.4 SUB-AREA DISCHARGE Discharge for each sub catchment may be calculated using the Rational Method

formula: Q = C x I x A/0.36 (l/s) "Hydrological Design Sheet 1" (A copy is on the following page) sets out the

preferred format for these calculations. Technical Note 6 (page 24) of Book 8 of AR&R details a worked example for these calculations. The following points should be noted:

* The rainfall intensity adopted (column 8) is for the total flow time, * A "C" valve (column 9) and sub area (column 10) is calculated for each land use

type, and * The discharge for the subcatchment (column 13) is calculated by summing the

CA's (column 12) and multiplying by (I/0.36). "Hydrological Design Sheet 2" (copy attached) can then be used to calculate the flows

along each reach of the pipe system. Where calculations are proposed to be presented as a computer hardcopy, it shall be necessary to obtain approval from Council's Engineer prior to doing so. Hand calculations shall be submitted in the format shown on the enclosed Sheets.

3.5 PARTIAL AREA FLOWS In urban catchments, it is probable that a greater flow rate may be obtained by

applying the Rational Method to a lower part of the catchment with a time of concentration less than the full area travel time. These partial area effects commonly occur when large paved areas are directly connected to the pipe inlet, and the subcatchment discharge is based on a larger pervious area. Similarly, partial area effects can also occur, where a large open space catchment contributes to an urban catchment, with a Time of Concentration substantially different to the urban catchment.

In areas where this may be critical, such as industrial or high density residential

development, a partial area check, based on times of concentration of impervious areas directly connected to the pipe system, is necessary. However, for routine urban drainage design this may not be appropriate.



D - 14

PIPED URBAN STORMWATER DRAINAGE HYDROLOGICAL DESIGN SHEET 1 Sheet …… of …… Job ………………………………………………………………………………………. Reference ………………………………………………..

(1) Pit

(2) Land Use Type

(3) Flow

Length (m)

(4) Slope (m/m)

(5) 'n'

(6) Time (min)

(7) Total Time (min)

(8) Intensity

1 (mm/h)

(9) Runoff Coeff.

C

(10) Area

A (ha)

(11) CA (ha)

[9]x[10]

(12) ΣCA (ha)

(13) Q=CIA

(l/s) [8]x[12]

/0.36

(14) Bypass Flow (l/s) from Pit( )

(15) Adopted

Flow rate (l/s)

[13]+[14]

(16) Gutter Slope (m/m)

(17) Flow Width

(m)

(18) Inlet Type

(19) Inflow (l/a)

(20) Bypass Flow

(l/s) to Pit ( )

(21) Remarks

FLOW TIMES PIT INLET



D - 15

HYDROLOGICAL DESIGN SHEET 2 PIPED URBAN STORMWATER DRAINAGE Job ………………………………………………………. Reference ……………………….

(1) Pipe

(2) Time

to (min)

(3) Intensity

I (mm/h)

(4) ΣCA (ha)

(5) Q= CIA (l/s)

[3]x[4] /0.36

(6) Time

to (min)

(7) Intensity

I (mm/h)

(8) ΣCA (ha)

(9) Q=CIA

(l/s) [7]x[8] /0.36

(10) Adopted

Flow Rate (l/s)

Greater of [5] &[9]

(11) Remarks

FULL AREA PARTIAL AREA

Designer ………………………………… Date …………………. Checked ………………



D - 16

4. PIT INLET DESIGN 4.1 PIT LOCATION The following criteria governs the location of pits in roadways, for the design average

recurrence interval: (i) Flow width shall not exceed 2.0m. (ii) Gutter flows shall at no point overtop the kerb. (iii) Velocity x depth shall not exceed 0.4 (5 year ARI) (iv) Bypass from any pit on grade shall not exceed 15% of the total gutter flow at the

pit (Full Capture Desirable). (v) Maximum spacing between directly connected pits shall not exceed 80m. (vi) Where flows in the gutter are >= 20 l/s and /or >= 1m in width adjacent to the

upstream Kerb Return Tangent Point, these flows shall be intercepted with a Kerb Inlet Pit.

Technical Note 4 (pages 16-17) of Book 8 of AR&R details a method for calculating

gutter and road flows. 4.2 ANALYSIS OF EXISTING PIT INLETS Most existing grates within the city area are Durham (DMR A190) type grates with

bars parallel to the kerb. In some circumstances these pit configurations have less capacity than the welded steel ("Weldlok") type grates. Any analysis of existing drainage systems shall therefore account for inlet capacities appropriate to the type of grate/inlet configuration.

4.3 INLET DESIGN Once the subcatchment flows are known, pit inlets can be designed in accordance with

the charts contained on the following pages. All new pit inlets shall be constructed using welded steel ("Weldlok") type or equivalent grates with appropriate skirts. On grade, percentage capture by grates is mainly dependent on lintel size, tests show that the two types of grates mentioned above have similar performance characteristics on grade when in combination with a lintel. The charts for the sag inlets are based on tests conducted by the RTA N.S.W., Water Research Laboratory and the West Australian Institute of Technology (see Ref. 6, 10 & 14) and incorporate the following blockage factors:

(a) 10% reduction in capacity for clogging of the kerb inlet.

(b) 30% reduction in capacity for clogging of the grating.

Alternatively inlet capacities can be calculated from first principles using formulas as

detailed in Section 1.5.4(iii), Book 8 (page 15) of AR&R. If using these formulae, the



D - 17

blocking factors adopted on the previous page, shall be applied. Where it is proposed to use a grate not conforming to these requirements, it is necessary to submit a detailed investigation from an accredited laboratory establishing the performance of the grate prior to it being accepted or rejected by Council.

Hand calculations for the design of pit inlets shall be tabulated on "Hydrological

Design Sheet 1" (column 16 to 20). Computer analyses shall conform to the inlet capacities graphed on Figs. 4.1 to 4.5, unless prior approval has been received from Council's Development Services Engineer.

Sag pits shall be designed based on a depth of ponding, up to the top of the kerb.

Ponding depths can be calculated using design charts, Figures 4.2 - 4.5 of this Manual. Lintel sizes shall be commensurate with inflow requirements.

A nominal internal lintel size of 0.9m shall be placed on junction pits along kerb and

gutter in public roads. The minimum nominal internal lintel size for grated gully pits in public roads shall be 1.8m, unless the pit's main function is to facilitate a change in direction or grade of the stormwater pipe, in which case the nominal internal lintel size may be reduced to 1.2m. The minimum nominal internal lintel size for grated gully pits in "sags" shall be 2.4m.



D - 23

5. ASSESSMENT OF MAJOR SYSTEM FLOWS Many of the flooding problems in older areas of Blacktown have occurred, due to inadequate provision of overland flow paths. Thus, all urban drainage designs shall incorporate an assessment of major system flows. The aim of this check is to ensure that a safe and adequate "Escape route" is achieved for storm events above that of the pipe system design. This route should be a properly sized over-land flow path preferably along a road and pathway system. The Rational Method may be used to estimate major system flows for critical points in the drainage system. An ARI of 100 years shall be used for this and the difference between the minor system flow and the 100 year ARI flow shall be the basis upon which the major system flow path shall be designed. The roads and pathways will generally form the flow path by which the major system flows are routed, either to the Trunk Drainage system or to a lowpoint with sufficient hydraulic capacity to capture the flows. Special consideration shall be given to Trapped Lowpoints where the overland flowpath may divert surcharge into properties. This is especially important when designing "Downhill" cul-de-sac and Kerb returns adjacent to a sag vertical curve. In the former case the overland flow path shall incorporate a depressed pathway with reverse crossfall in the footway. In the latter case consideration shall be given to grading the Kerb Return such that water flows around the Return and away before it breaks over the top of kerb at the lowpoint. Table 5.1 overpage gives approximate capacities of full width carriageways based on the following criteria: (i) Velocity x Depth <=1.0 (ii) Flow depth equivalent to top of kerb. If the roadway capacity is inadequate, an estimate shall be made of the capacity of the pipe system under major flow conditions. Pit capacities shall be calculated using the appropriate blocking factors, and pipe capacities estimated with trial diameters and head levels no greater than 150mm below the surface levels / invert of kerb (applicable up to the design ARI for the respective pipeline reach). The major flows must have an overland flow path such that all floor levels have minimum freeboards in accordance with Section 1.5 of this Manual. The freeboard requirement may be varied on consideration of the sensitivity of the floodway parameters to the flows. Subject to approval by the Manager Investigation and Design.



D - 24

TABLE 5.1 CARRIAGEWAY CAPACITIES (m3/s)

Carriageway with Standard Barrier Kerb Profile

Longitudinal

Slope Carriageway Width (m)

% 5 5.5 6.5 7.5 8 9 10.3 11 13.5 15.5 0.5 0.64 0.68 0.76 0.82 0.84 0.87 0.87 0.86 0.42 0.42 1 0.90 0.97 1.08 1.16 1.19 1.23 1.23 1.22 0.60 0.60 2 1.27 1.37 1.53 1.64 1.69 1.74 1.75 1.72 0.85 0.85 3 1.56 1.68 1.87 2.01 2.07 2.13 2.14 2.11 1.04 1.04 4 1.80 1.94 2.16 2.33 2.39 2.46 2.47 2.44 1.20 1.20 5 2.02 2.17 2.42 2.60 2.67 2.75 2.76 2.73 1.34 1.34 6 2.21 2.37 2.65 2.85 2.92 3.01 3.02 2.99 1.47 1.47 7 2.38 2.56 2.86 3.08 3.16 3.25 3.27 3.23 1.58 1.58 8 2.55 2.74 3.06 3.29 3.37 3.48 3.49 3.45 1.69 1.69 9 2.70 2.91 3.24 3.49 3.58 3.69 3.70 3.66 1.80 1.80

10 2.85 3.06 3.42 3.68 3.77 3.89 3.91 3.85 1.89 1.89

Carriageway with Roll Kerb Profile Longitudinal

Slope Carriageway Width (m)

% 5 5.5 6.5 7.5 9 11 8 10.3 13.5 15.5 0.5 0.85 0.91 1.03 1.12 1.16 1.22 1.26 1.27 0.62 0.62 1 1.20 1.29 1.45 1.59 1.64 1.72 1.78 1.80 0.87 0.87 2 1.69 1.83 2.06 2.24 2.32 2.44 2.52 2.54 1.23 1.23 3 2.08 2.24 3.09 3.11 2.52 2.75 2.84 2.98 1.51 1.51 4 2.58 3.17 3.45 3.59 2.40 2.91 3.28 3.57 1.74 1.74 5 2.89 3.55 2.68 3.25 3.67 3.85 3.99 4.01 1.95 1.95 6 2.94 3.16 3.56 3.88 4.02 4.22 4.37 4.40 2.13 2.13 7 3.17 3.42 3.85 4.20 4.34 4.56 4.72 4.75 2.31 2.31 8 3.39 3.65 4.11 4.48 4.64 4.87 5.05 5.08 2.46 2.46 9 3.59 3.87 4.36 4.76 4.92 5.17 5.35 5.39 2.61 2.61

10 3.79 4.08 4.60 5.01 5.18 5.45 5.64 5.68 2.76 2.76

Notes: 1. Maximum flow depth = 200mm 2. Velocity Depth relationship V.dg < 1.0. 3. Manning's n: Pavement = 0.014; Gutter = 0.012; Footway = 0.025. 4. Carriageway crossfall = 3%; Footway crossfall = 4% 5. Shaded figures indicate half road capacity only. 6. Linear interpolation may be used for other longitudinal carriageway slopes 7. Capacities based on profile for Major systems shown on Section A-A, Figure

1.1, Section 1.5 of this Manual. Technical Note 6 Book 8 (page 28) of AR&R details a procedure for checking major system flows. A copy of "Hydrological Design Sheet 3", the preferred format for checking major systems, is on the following page.



D - 25

PIPED URBAN STORMWATER DRAINAGE HYDROLOGICAL DESIGN SHEET 3 Sheet …… of …… Job ………………………………………………………………………………………. Reference ………………………………………………..

(1) (2) T l

(11) (12) (14)

s

rks

Location Land Use Type

(3) Flow

Length (m)

(4) Slope (m/m)

(5) 'n'

(6) Time (min)

(7) ota

Time (min)

(8) Intensity

1 (mm/h)

(9) Runoff Coeff.

C

(10) Area

A (ha)

CA (ha)

[9]x[10]

ΣCA (ha)

(13) Q=CIA

(l/s) [8]x[12]

/0.36

Cumulat-ive Pit

Capacitie(l/s)

(15) Down-

stream Pipe Capacity

(l/s)

(16) Road Flowrate [13]- lesser of

[14]&[15} (l/s)

(17) Road

Capacity Check

(21) Rema

FLOW TIMES

Designer …………………………………………… Date ……………………………………. Checked ……………………………



D - 26

6. HYDRAULIC DESIGN The Hydraulic Grade Line method shall be used for pipeline design. It is not the purpose of this document to give a detailed explanation of the method, but important points are mentioned below: (i) Recommend Pipe Friction Coefficients: Pipe Mannings Colebrook-White Material "n" "k" SRCP 0.012 0.6 * FRC 0.011 0.3 UPVC 0.01 0.015 * Chart on following page

* For discharge to kerb and gutter, adopt top of kerb level, and

* The top pit in the system must have sufficient depth to generate sufficient head to charge the pipe. This can be calculated by using co-efficients derived from the Missouri Charts. The k value of 4.5 should not automatically be assigned to all starter pits but each pit shall be assessed on its merits, and

(ii) Tailwater levels: The tailwater to be adopted will depend on the outflow conditions. Where determination of a tailwater level is in doubt, it shall be necessary to confirm the value with Council's Manager Investigation and Design. * For free outfalls, adopt the pipe obvert, * For discharge into receiving waters, adopt a tailwater equivalent to the design ARI

flood level, * For discharge into existing systems where the hydraulic grade levels are unknown,

adopt a tailwater 150mm below the natural surface/invert of kerb,

* For discharge into a point designed to surcharge, adopt a tailwater level equivalent to the height of surcharge.

(iii) Pit loss factors: * Pit loss factors (k) shall be calculated using the Tables from ARRB SR 34, 1986

(Tables 6.5 and 6.6); a copy of these are on the following pages. Where the pit configuration is not covered by these tables, the Missouri Charts or Hare Charts should be used. (Refer to reference (1), (6), (7)),

Discharge and velocity graphColebrook-White formula k = 0.60mmFor circular pipes running full but not under head.

Computed by:

HYDRAULIC GRADIENTS

DIS

HA

RGE

Q,

l/s

Engineering Guide For Development - 2005

D-27 Figures 6.1



D - 28

* Pit Loss factors for drop pits shall be calculated in accordance with the charts previously mentioned. An allowance shall be made relative to the drop through the pit. When the obvert of the outlet pipe is at or greater than Do/4, below the invert of the upstream pipe, the inflow shall be regarded as grate flow. That is, when the obvert of the outlet pipe is 1/4 of its diameter or greater, below the invert of the upstream pipe then the pipe loss factor (k) shall be no less than 4.5. Intermediate cases may be determined by linear interpolation of pit loss factor (k) up to 4.5. Because of the high losses in these pits, it may be preferable to design a mitre bend or a steeper section of pipe.

Desirable Full Flow Pipe Velocity shall fall between 0.6m/s and 6.0m/s.

Where pipe grades are in excess of 15%, Concrete Thrust Blocks shall be placed at every third collar. Pipe grades >20% are NOT permitted, except where approved by Council in special unavoidable circumstances.

(iv) Inlet Efficiency: An allowance of 150mm shall be adopted below the lowest point of the pit inlet/kerb invert, to allow such inlets to act efficiently. Where this cannot be achieved it will be necessary to obtain the concurrence of Council before proceeding. (v) Pipes Operating Under Head:

Technical Note 9 Book 8 (pages 42-45) of AR&R detail the recommended procedures for Hydraulic Grade Line calculations (HGL). A copy of the "Hydraulic Design Sheet" is attached and this shall be used for manual calculations. Computer analyses will be accepted where prior approval from Council's Engineer has been received. The HGL shall be checked using the Hydraulic Checking Sheet (copy enclosed) and the Water Levels so determined plotted on the pipeline Longitudinal Sections.

Where a pipe section is operating under 500mm or more of head (above pipe obvert) that Section shall be constructed using pipes without lifting holes.

(vi) Hydraulic Grade Line Design

Blacktown City Council ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR DEVELOPMENT-2005

Piped Urban Stormwater Drainage

Sheet ofJob

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25]

Pipe Length L

(m)

Design Flow Rate

Q (l/s)

Trial Pipe

Diameter (m)

Full Pipe Vel. V

(m/s)

V2

2g (m)

U/S Surface Level (m)

AHD

U/S Pit Water Level Limit *

(m)

Pit Pressure Change Coeff.

Ku or Kw

k.V2

2g (m)

[9]x[6]

HGL at U/S Pit (m)

[8]-[10]

HGL Slope Sf

(m/m)

Pipe Friction

Loss Sf.L [12]x[2]

HGL at D/S Pit (m)

AHD [11]-[13]

D/S Pit Surface Level (m)

AHD

D/S Pit Water Level Limit**

(m)

Hydraulic [11]-[14]

Cover [7]-Cover,

Wall thickness

U/S Pipe [23]-

Drop

Adopted Lowest

of [17],[18] and [19]

Hydraulic [16]-[4]

Cover [15]-

Cover

Adopted Lowest of [21]

and [22]

Pipe Slope

Sf

[20]-[23] [2]

Remarks

** Lower of : [14] Designer Date Checkedor lowest HGL level in [14] for pipes entering U/S pit. or [15] - freeboard

* Lower of :[7] - freeboard

U/S Invert Levels (m) U/S Invert Levels (m)

HYDRAULIC DESIGN SHEET

Reference

D-29



D - 30

HYDROLOGICAL CHECKING SHEET PIPED URBAN STORMWATER DRAINAGE

Job ………………………………………………………. Reference ……………………….

Length

(m)

(l/s)

meter

(5)

Vel.

(m/s)

(6)

(1) Pipe

(2)

L

(3) Design Flow- Rate

Q

(4) Pipe Dia-

(m)

Full Pipe

V

V22g (m)

Pipe Friction

HGL

(m) Or K

(7) D/S HGL Level (m)

AHD

(8)

Loss S L (m)

(9)

just below U/S Pit

[7]+[8]

(10) Obvert Level

At Upper End of Pipe (m)

(11) Pit

Pressure Change Coeffs.

K

(12) K.V2

2g (m)

[11]x[6]

(13)

U/S Pit

(m)

(14)

Surface

(m)

Adopted

Water (or HGL)

Level*

U/S

Level

AHD

* (higher of [9] and [10] +[12])



D - 31

Storm Drainage Design in Small Urban Catchment Table 6.5

Approximate Values for Coefficient Kw Pipes Concurrent or at Right angles 1. Introduction

Figure (a) represents a general, simple junction pit layoutwith upstream, lateral and grating inflows. Qu, Q1 and Qg respectively. By assigning values to these parameters all possiblesimple junction pit configurations can be described.Figure (b) is an elevation section through the pit takenalong the alignment of its discharge pipe, diameter Do. The Kw values listed are based on the findings ofSangster et al (1958) known as 'Missouri charts'.de Groot and Boyd (1983). Black and Piggott (1983).

2. Junction Pits without Gutter Flow

Code Description Qu≈ Ql≈ Qg Kw ≈

J - 1 Junction pit on through pipeline, i.e. Qu ≈ Qo

Qo - - 0.2

J-2A J-2B J-2C

Junction pit on through pipe with lateral(s) Qu > Ql

Qu ≈ Ql

Qu < Ql

Qu/2

-

Qo

Qo/2 Some

some

Qo

-

-

0.5 1.0 2.0

J-3 QoJunction pit on 'L' pipe junction, i.e. Qu - Q

Qo - 2.0

J-3A

-

Qo

-

J-3B

Junction pit on 'T' pipe junction i.e. Qo - O Opposed laterals Offset laterals

-

Qo

-

2.5 2.0

3. Inlet/Junction Pits with Gutter Flow 4. Part-Full Outflow from Junction Pits

Code Description Qu

≈ Ql ≈ Qg ≈ Kw

= 1-1 Inlet pipe

with single pipe outflow

- - Qo 4.0

1-2A 1-2B

inlet on through pipeline . Qu ≈ Qg

. Qu ≈ Qo

Qo/2 Qo

- -

Qo/2 some

2.0 0.5

1-3A 1-3B 1-3C 1-3D 1-3E

inlet on through pipe with lateral(s) .Qu > Qo

.Qu > Ql

.Qu ≈ Ql

.Qu < Ql

.Qu < Ql

Qo/2 Qo

Qo/2 Qo/2 some some

some some Qo/2 Qo

Qo/2

some

some some Qo/2

0.5 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5

1-4 Inlet on 'L' pipe junction i.e. Qu ≈ O

- Qo some 2.5

1-5A 1-5B

Inlet on "T" pipe junction i.e. Qu ≈ O . opposed laterals . offset laterals

- -

Qo

Qo

some some

3.0 2.5

Situations frequently arise, particularly in upper-basin catchments of moderate/steep grade, where pipes operate part-full. Water level build-up in pits supplying these pipes, is, typically above obvert level (see sketch). Bannigan and Morgan (1981) have suggested for such situations that the hydraulic grade line be set at (discharge) pipe obvert level and the height, hw, fixed in the same manner as other cases considered in Tables 6.5 and 6.6. The value of Vo required in the calculation of hw is given by Vo = Qo /Ao where Ao is discharge pipe full area.

No experimental or field validation of this has to date been presented. Results of a pilot study carried out at S.A. Institute of Technology show water level build-up can be significantly recommended that the Bannigan and Morgan approach be adopted with hw fixed by: h = 1.5 k Vw w

2o 2g The results of current research will in time yield a more accurate relationship.



D - 32

Storm Drainage Design in Small Urban Catchment Table 6.6 Approximate Values for Coefficient K Pipes Concurrent or at Right angles 1. Junction Pit with Single Entry/exit Pipes

Hare's (1983) research on the hydraulics of single entre/exit pits with pipes neither concurrent nor meeting at 90 degrees, shows that the pit water level headloss coefficient, Kw, which should be applied to the hydraulic grade line at these structures independent on two main factors: (i) the location of the entry pipe centreline

(produced) intersection with pit walls: and

(ii) the magnitude of gutter flow, Qg. For deviation angle. � < 45�: Examples

For deviation angle. � >45�: Examples:

Kw values recommended are:

� <45�: - Kw = 0.5 for Qg = 0 or small quantity:

Kw = 1.5 for Qg � Qo/2

� >45�: - Kw = 2.5 (with or without gutter flow) Research suggests that hydraulic shaping of pits to assist the passage of flow from entry to exit can be effective. Pit dimensions small pits, generally result in smaller headlosses than large pits. Circular pits results of unpublished research by R.G. Black and T.L. Piggot of Queensland Institute of Technology, when compared with the results of Hare (1983), show marginally improved performance for circular pits in situations which would otherwise, i.e. using rectangular pits, fall into the cases considered above.

Internal shaping 'Benching" of pits to provide a curved channel D/2 deep between entry and exit pipes (see sketch) can reduce Kw values obtained in � >45�situations from 2.5 ti about 1.5 (Archer et al 1978). It appears to make no significant improvement in � >45� situations. Smaller findings are reported in Dick and Marsalek (1985).

2. Drop Junction Pits

It is often necessary in steep terrain or when an existing service (water main, electricity cable, etc.) must be avoided to construct junction pit entry and exit pipes at significantly different levels. Unpublished research by Black and Piggot (QIT) and Logan City Council (1983) suggests the following values for the pit water level headloss coefficient Kw: � <45� situation:

rectangular pits Kw = 2.0: circular pits, Kw = 1.5 � >45� situations:

rectangular pits. Kw = 2.5 circular pits Kw = 2.0

Use of these values of Kw is restricted to installations in which both pipe obverts (entry and exit) are submerged under design flow conditions AND there is no gutter flow. It is considered unlikely that gutter flow, if present will affect the listed values of Kw but this is presently unresearched.

Some designers prefer to break vertical alignment and introduce a short length of steeply sloping pipe (slope, say, 1 vertical to 4 horizontal), if necessary, in preference to using a drop pit. They argue that the headloss thus introduced, although unknown, must be less than that occurring at a drop pit. Designers following this practice are entitled to use slightly reduced values for Kw.



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7. DESIGN OF ON-SITE STORMWATER DETENTION FOR URBAN DEVELOPMENTS

7.1 INTRODUCTION

The Local Government Area of Blacktown City drains to two main catchments, these being the Upper Parramatta River Catchment and the Hawkesbury River Catchment. The on-site stormwater detention (OSD) requirements are different for each catchment and if required Council’s Development Services can advise which catchment applies to the proposed development.

7.2 WHEN IS ON-SITE STORMWATER DETENTION REQUIRED? Catchment Area 1 - Upper Parramatta River Catchment

For those areas draining to the Upper Parramatta River Catchment (see Area 1 in Figure 7.1) of this Manual, on-site stormwater detention (OSD) shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of the Upper Parramatta River Catchment Trust (UPRCT). Details of these requirements can be found in the publication “On-site Stormwater Detention Handbook” by the UPRCT. This publication can be purchased directly from the UPRCT or is available on the internet at www.uprct.nsw.gov.au.

Catchment Areas 2 & 3, and other Hawkesbury River Sub-Catchments Where a proposed development drains to the Hawkesbury River Catchment OSD will

be required when the development satisfies one or more of the following criteria:

Residential flat buildings, medium density or integrated housing developments with a site area exceeding 1500 m²,

Industrial or Commercial developments with an area exceeding 500 m², or Residential or industrial subdivisions creating 3 or more additional lots.

Where a development requires OSD, the design shall be in accordance with Section

7.3 below. OSD is not required in areas zoned 1(a) Rural, or for single residential dwellings and

dual occupancy housing. It may also not be required in new release areas outside Areas 1 and 3. Confirmation is required from Manager Investigation and Design.

7.3 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

a) Design plans and calculations will only be accepted from persons having acceptable professional accreditation. The following are considered to be acceptable accreditation for the purpose of OSD design and certification:

• NPER in Civil Engineering (Institution of Engineers, Australia), • Surveyors certificate of Accreditation in Onsite Detention and Drainage Design

(Institution of Surveyors NSW and Association of Consulting Surveyors NSW), • Stormwater Register (Association of Hydraulic Services Consultants, Australia), • Accreditation as a certifier under the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act,

1979 in the relevant discipline, or



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• Other designers may be acceptable provided that they can satisfy Council that they have the relevant experience and competence in OSD design.

b) On site stormwater detention should, generally be incorporated into the lowest point

of the proposed development, and can possibly be a carpark or an open space area or even roof top areas where no underground storage is possible.

c) The following OSP Parameters and conditions apply to the respective catchments

listed below.

a. As much as possible of the site area is to drain through the OSD system(s) with an absolute minimum of 80% (85% UPRCT). The following tables define PSD/SSR values against site area drained. Intermediate values can be interpolated linearly for PSD and from a fair curve through the 3 values for SSR. PSD and SSR values only apply to the catchment area draining through the OSD system, not necessarily to the total site area.

b. A high early discharge (HED) control pit is mandatory.

Site Area Draining UPPER PARRAMATTA RIVER

CATCHMENT - AREA # 1 100% 85% > 100%

Maximum PSD - litres/sec/ha 80 SSR - m3/ha 470

As per UPRCT OSD Guidelines

Site Area Draining BREAKFAST CREEK CATCHMENT - AREA # 2 100% 90% 80%

Maximum PSD - litres/sec/ha 95 65 36 SSR - m3/ha 343 429 580

Site Area Draining ROPES CREEK - IDO 81 & Mt Druitt Branches - AREA # 3 100% 90% 80%


Site Area Draining ALL OTHER HAWKESBURY RIVER SUB - CATCHMENTS 100% 90% 80%




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d) Maximum ponding depths shall be as follows: Pedestrian Areas 50 mm Driveways and Parking 200 mm Gardens 600 mm

In all cases safety issues shall be addressed with provision of warning signs (including Confined Space Entry signs), and if necessary, safety fencing.

e) Provision shall be made for flows greater than the 100 year ARI flow through the

structure via an overflow spillway and/or overland flow path (see also Section 2.14 - Pathways, of the Guide).

f) Freeboard for any building adjacent to the detention structure shall be in accordance

with Section 1.5 of this Manual. The depth of spillway overflow shall be based on the assumption that at commencement of the design storm, the detention outlet is fully blocked.

g) Structural components of on site detention systems within the Hawkesbury River

Catchment shall be designed in accordance with the guidelines provided in the UPRCT handbook.

h) The drainage concept plan (to be submitted by the Applicant with the Development

Application) shall identify undrained areas and include an OSD Report detailing SSR, PSD and HED discharge control pit design parameters such as pit levels, orifice levels/diameters, weir levels/flow rates, etc.



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8. CULVERT DESIGN Culverts shall be designed in accordance with culvert hydraulics theory i.e. the culvert capacity is determined by the flow conditions, depending on whether inlet control or outlet control governs. Recommended design procedures are contained in Section 3 of the Concrete Pipe Association of Australia's publication: "Hydraulics of Precast Concrete Conduits - Hydraulic Design Manual". A suggested tabulation of the design calculations is contained on the following page. There a number of Computer programmes available for the design of culverts. Council's Engineer should be consulted regarding the suitability of individual programmes



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Culvert Type ………………………………………. Job No. ………………………... Location ……………………………………………………………………………….. Parameter Com. Q1 Q2 Q5 Q10 Q20 Q50 Q100 Comments Q m3/s Q/cell m3/s Q/B m3/s.m HW/D m Fig. 3.3 or 3.4 Hwi m A m2 R=W

AP m

Equiv. 4xR R.C.P.=Q/(g.D2.5)0.5

S m/m V.full m/s Fig.1.8 to 1.11 Q.full m3/s Vf x A Q/Qf m3/s Y/D m Fig.1.12 or 1.13 y m Depth of flow V/Vf Fig.1.12 or 1.13 V.outlet m/s Vf x V/Vf Dc critical d. Fig.1.14 of 1.15

R.C.B.C. 4.67 (Q/B)2/3

(dc+D)/2 TW m Est. from D/S data L m L1 m Fig.3.5 or 3.6 H m " " " " LxS m Friction loss HWo m (TW:dc

2+D)+ H-LS

Hwi>Hwo? Control: Y=inlet N=Outlet U/S I.L. Design by ………………………… Checked ………………………… Approved ………………………… Date ……………………………… Datum …………………………… Plan No. …………………………. Culvert Control Check. Concrete Pipe Association of Aust. Hydraulic Design Manual.



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9. TRUNK DRAINAGE DESIGN - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Release areas or very large infill developments will require the design of trunk drainage infrastructure. Council's basic philosophy is that natural creek lines and watercourses must remain largely intact and continue to function as viable ecological systems. Where the existing riparian environments are largely degraded, Council expects that the trunk drainage design will address this issue and restore ecological and habitat systems to mimic the natural condition of Western Sydney creek lines as closely as is practicable. Council recognises that urbanisation of natural or rural developed catchments will inevitably alter creek hydrologic and geomorphologic regimes. However, the design of any trunk drainage system must recognise and address these constraints whilst proposing solutions/designs that integrate with Water Sensitive Urban Design principles and mimic natural flow regimes and restore/enhance/maintain the existing riparian environment and floodplain. The following information is for general guidance only and does not in any way constitute the only acceptable approach for trunk drainage design. Council is primarily interested in superior aesthetic, environmental and recreational outcomes for riparian corridors, which are a very valuable community resource. Leading edge or innovative trunk drainage design strategies will be assessed on their merits. Further information and more detailed technical advice and assistance may be obtained by contacting Council's Manager - Investigation and Design. 9.1 HYDROLOGY Flow hydrographs are to be generated by use of an appropriate runoff routing computer model such as RAFTS-XP, Council's preferred, or other approved equivalent models. Urbanised peak flow rates in particular and general shape, timing and volume of hydrographs are to match those for the undeveloped natural catchment as closely as possible for all storm events. The more frequent creek 'bank full' events such as the 1-2yr ARI storms in particular must address this requirement. Strategies to achieve such a result may include drainage swales/bio-swales, rainwater tanks and other stormwater harvesting techniques, OSD and regional retardation basins and wetlands. 9.2 DESIGN PRINCIPLES A low maintenance, naturalised, landscaped watercourse and floodplain is Council's preferred outcome. Hard engineering structures are to be avoided wherever possible in favour of more natural rock walls, riprap scour protection etc. However, rock outcrops are not common along Western Sydney creek lines and are only to be used where potential or existing scouring of creek beds and banks require such measures. Suitable select sandstone is preferred to igneous rock such as granite, basalt, dolerite etc. and interlocking loose packed rock walls and riprap is preferred over gabion or mattress type structures. Bridges are preferred to RCBC's at road crossings and must facilitate the movement of fauna and provide



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for fish passage where appropriate. Landscaping must reflect indigenous flora representative of the natural riparian environment of Western Sydney creek lines. The design should aim to achieve a slow moving, steady flow regime to minimise scouring potential and maximise safety outcomes. Rock drop structures, incorporating low flow riffle zones, and dense (increasing floodplain roughness) riparian plantings may help achieve these outcomes on steeper sections of some watercourses. 9.3 HYDRAULIC ANALYSIS The floodplain of all natural or constructed watercourses must be hydraulically analysed using appropriate software such as HEC-RAS or MIKE 11. Flood levels and extents for the 5yr, 20yr, 100yr ARI events and the PMF are to be provided in a digital format suitable for importation to Council's GIS. Model input data files in electronic format must be provided to Council for checking and future reference. 9.4 REGIONAL RETARDING BASIN/WETLANDS On-line retarding basins and/or wetlands are to be avoided whenever possible. Council's philosophy is that retarding basins, wherever possible, should incorporate a landscaped wetland, designed with water quality improvements as a primary objective. Grass lined, generally trapezoidal basins with low flow pipe systems and little landscaping will not be approved. Basins/wetlands should be designed as a community passive recreational facility as well as providing an essential flow retarding function. Where saline soils are identified as a development issue, strategies to minimise the impacts a wetland may have on water tables or movement of saline groundwater must be explored. This may include, but not limited to, lining of wetlands or restrictions on cut-fill of the proposed urbanised catchment. Spillways of basins shall be designed to safely pass extreme storm events without structural failure of the embankment. Landscape plans must not include placement of deep-rooted trees or shrubs where roots may promote piping or structural failure of engineered embankments, should they be uprooted during major storm events. The basin design must be subject to a detailed risk assessment, for all events up to and including the PMF, where the downstream floodplain is urbanised. The risk assessment must include an assumption of catastrophic structural failure; i.e. a dam break scenario.



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10. COMPUTER APPLICATIONS 10.1 COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE PROGRAMS

Council encourages the use of computer models by Professional Civil Engineers for drainage design. Data input and output files of any program used shall be submitted in electronic format to Council. Council's Drainage Section is familiar with the following commercially available programs and recommends their use subject to the comments below. Should Consultants wish to use a program not mentioned here, details shall be submitted to Council prior to use.

* ILSAX: Urban drainage catchment model. This model gives very good

estimates of flowrates for urban catchments, and is preferred to the Rational Method. It cannot be used for hydraulic design of piped systems, but does give trial pipe sizes for a given gradient.

* DRAINS: Hydrologic and Hydraulic Urban Catchment model derived from

ILSAX.

* XP-STORM: Hydrologic and hydraulic urban catchment model.

* MIKE-11: One dimensional unsteady flow calculation for river/floodplain modelling.

* RAFTS: Runoff routing model for trunk drainage and retention basin design.

Flowrates should be checked against those calculated by other methods.

* RORB: Runoff routing model for trunk drainage and retention basin design.

* HEC-RAS: 1-D Steady/unsteady flow calculations. To be used in open channel design and floodplain modelling.

* URBAND, PIPE, RATHGL and other Hydraulic Design Packages: Hydraulic

design can be carried out using these packages. Great care should be taken when using these packages, as the method used to calculate discharge is often not in accordance with AR&R. They are best used with a discharge calculated using ILSAX/DRAINS/XP-STORM or the methods described in this document.



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10.2 PARAMETERS FOR HYDROLOGICAL MODELS

Parameter Description Value Unit Ilsax or Drains Models

Model Model for Design and Analysis run Rational Method

ARR87 Rational Method Procedure Soil Type - Normal 3.0 Paved (Impervious) Area Depression Storage 1 mm Supplementary Area Depression Storage 1 mm Grassed (Pervious) Area Depression Storage 5 mm

AMC Antecedent Moisture Condition (ARI = 1-5 years) 2.5 AMC Antecedent Moisture Condition (ARI = 10-20 years) 3.0 AMC Antecedent Moisture Condition (ARI = 50-100 years) 3.5

Sag Pit Blocking Factor (Minor systems) 0 On Grade Pit Blocking Factor (Minor Systems) 0 Sag Pit Blocking Factor (Major systems) 0.5 On Grade Pit Blocking Factor (Major Systems) 0.2

0 = No Blockage

Inlet Pit Capacity (see figures 4.1-4.5) Rafts XP Models

CAPIMP Capacity of Impervious Area Storage 1.5 Mm ISC Interception Storage Capacity 1.5 Mm DSC Depression Storage Capacity 5 Mm USC Capacity – Upper Soil Zone Storage 25 mm LSC 100 Capacity – Lower Soil Zone Storage mm UH Maximum Potential Evapotranspiration from Upper Soil Zone 10 mm/day LH Maximum Potential Evapotranspiration from Lower Soil Zone mm/day 10 ER Proportion of Evapotranspiration from USC 0.7 IDS Initial Impervious Area Storage 0.5 mm IS Initial Interception Storage 0.5 mm DS Initial Depression Storage (pervious) 0 mm US Initial Upper Soil Zone Storage 20 mm LS Initial Lower Soil Zone Storage 80 mm GS Initial Groundwater Storage 0 mm GN Groundwater Recession Factor 1 mm SO Sorptivity of Dry Soil 3.0 mm/min-0.5 Ko Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity mm/min 0.33 LDF Lower Soil Drainage Factor 0.05 KG Constant Rate Groundwater Recession Factor 0.94 ECOR Rate of Potential Evaporation from “A” Class Pan 0.70 IAR Proportion of Rainfall intercepted by Vegetation 0.70



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REFERENCES 1. ARGUE, J. (1986) "Storm Drainage Design in Small Urban Catchments" Special Report

No 34. Australian Road and Research Board. 2. BOYD, M.J. "Generalised Head-Discharge Equations for Culverts". Fourth National

Local Government Engineering Conference, Perth, 17-20 August, 1987. Pages 161 - 165. 3. CONCRETE PIPE ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA "Hydraulics of Precast Concrete

Conduits - Hydraulic Design Manual"

6. DEPARTMENT OF MAIN ROADS NSW (1979) "Model Analysis to Determine Hydraulic Capacities of Kerb Inlets and Gully Pit Gratings."

9. NICHOLS, P.S. & GRIFFIN, P.L "Modern Methods of Urban Drainage." Hydrology & Water Resources Symposium, Hobart, 8th-10th November, 1983.

11. SANGSTER, W.M.; WOOD, H.W.; SMERDON, E.T.; BOSSEY, H.G.; "Pressure Changes at Storm Drain Junctions - Design Methods". Engineering Series Bulletin No. 41. University of Missouri.

12. Landcom's "Managing Urban Stormwater - Soils and Construction - Volume 1" 4th Edition (2004).

13. SUTHERLAND SHIRE COUNCIL (1983) "Urban Drainage Design Manual"

14. HYDRAULIC MODEL TESTING OF GULLY PITS (May, 1984); Grate efficiency analysis for C.I. & D. Cast Iron Products by the West Australian Institute of Technology. (unpub.)

4. DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING (1982) Local Government

Circular No 31. 5. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING (1987); "Road Manual".

7. HARE, C. "Magnitude of Hydraulic Losses at Junctions in Piped Drainage Systems"

Conference on Hydraulics in Civil Engineering, 1981. I.E.A. 12-13 Oct, 1981, Pub. 81/12. 8. INSTITUTION OF ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA (1998) "Australian Rainfall and Runoff"

Volume 1 - A guide to Flood Estimation.

10. "Preliminary Survey of the Hydraulics of Gully Pits". Manly Hydraulics Laboratory.

Report No. 263, July, 1980

15. WOLLONGONG CITY COUNCIL (1984) "Stormwater Drainage - Hydraulic Design of Underground Pipe Networks



APPENDIX E

BOND DOCUMENTS FORMAT & INSTRUCTIONS



E - 1

APPENDIX E

SECURITY FOR OUTSTANDING WORKS

INSTRUCTIONS FOR APPLICANTS The following matters must be done by the Applicant before returning the enclosed Deeds of Agreement to Council with a Bank Guarantee or Cash Deposit. A. DEEDS OF AGREEMENT 1. Complete the date of the Deed on the First Schedule. 2. Complete the name and address of the Developer on the Second Schedule. 3. Cross out which is not applicable on the Fourth Schedule, ie. Bank Guarantee

or Cash Deposit. 4. Stamp the Common Seal of the Developer at Seals and Signatures Part A on

the Deed. 5. Where the Applicant is an individual, not a company, Part B of the Seals and

Signatures must be completed. 6. The Applicant's name on the Deed of Agreement and Company Seal (if

applicable) must be exactly the same as the name on the Bank Guarantee. 7. Where a company seal is stamped on the Deed, the Secretary cannot sign the

Deed, it must be signed by legally authorised persons and documentary evidence of that authority must be returned to Council with the Deeds and Bank Guarantee(s).

B. BANK GUARANTEE 1. Customer name must be exactly as the Applicant name on the Deed of

Agreement. 2. No expiry date is to be shown on the Bank Guarantee. 3. Council will accept guarantees and performance bonds from accredited banks

and organisations with a minimum credit rating of "A" from Standard and Poors or "A2" from Moodys, rating agency.

C. CASH SECURITY 1. Cash deposits can be paid to Council using cash or Bank Cheque. Personal or

Company Cheques will only be accepted for amounts of $10,000 or less.



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SECURITY FOR OUTSTANDING WORKS

DEED OF AGREEMENT By this Deed made on the date shown in the First Schedule between the person whose name and address are set out in the Second Schedule ("the Applicant") of the one part BLACKTOWN CITY COUNCIL of Flushcombe Road, Blacktown ("the Council") of the other part it is witnessed that: 1. The Applicant will carry out and complete the works required to satisfy the Notice/s of

Determination held on Council files shown in Part 1 of the Third Schedule and described in Part 2 of the Third Schedule ("the Works") to the satisfaction of Council by the date set out in Part 3 of the Third Schedule or by any extended date fixed by the Council in writing ("the Completion Date").

2. The Applicant will upon the execution of this deed pay or provide the security

stipulated in the Fourth Schedule ("the Security") for the performance of its obligations under clause 1.

3. The Council may request the Applicant in writing to delay the execution of the Works

or any part of the Works to a date or any extended date fixed by the Council and the Applicant must comply with any such request.

4. If the Applicant fails to comply with its obligations under clause 1 the Council may call

in the Security and use it to carry out or complete the Works and for this purpose the Council may enter upon the land whereon the Works are or are to be situated.

5. (a) A certificate signed by the General Manager or other authorised employees and

given to the Applicant as to the cost to the Council of carrying out or completing the Works shall be conclusive.

(b) The cost to the Council of completing the Works, and of any other uncompleted works treated as part of the Works pursuant to Clause 8, shall include, but not be limited to:

(i) All fees and charges necessarily or reasonably incurred by the Council in order to have the Works carried out and completed properly and expeditiously;

(ii) The reasonable cost to the Council of any supervision of the Works which exceeds the supervision normally undertaken by the Council in relation to work of a similar nature; and

(iii) Without limiting the generality of paragraph (i) all legal costs and expenses reasonably incurred by the Council by reason of the Applicant's failure to complete the Works, or of the calling in or expenditure of money under this deed or generally in the carrying out of the Council's powers and duties under this deed.



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6. If the cost of completing the Works as certified is greater than the total amount of money held by or available to the Council under this deed, then the Applicant will pay to the Council the amount of that deficiency; and failing payment of the same forthwith, the Council may recover that amount from the Applicant as a liquidated sum due and owing by him to the Council.

7. Subject to clause 8, the Security, or so much of it as has not been used in accordance

with clause 4, shall be returned or refunded to the Applicant within 30 days of completion of the Works.

8. The Council shall not be obliged to comply with its obligations under clause 7 if at the

time of completion of the Works the Applicant has not carried out his obligations under any contract or deed between him and the Council in similar terms to this deed relating to the development to which the Works relate, or to any other development. In that event, the Council shall be entitled to retain any money or guarantees held by it under this deed until all such obligations have been completed to the satisfaction of the Council and to apply, call in and deal with the same as if such obligations were part of the Works.

9. Any notice, certificate or request required or permitted to be given this deed shall be

sufficiently served or given if: (a) Delivered personally to the recipient; (b) Delivered or posted by ordinary pre-paid post to the address of the recipient set

out in this deed or last known to the party serving or giving the same and shall be deemed to be received:

(i) If delivered, at the time of delivery; (ii) If posted, on the fourth day following the date of posting;

(c) Sent by facsimile transmission and shall be deemed to have been received when transmission has been completed unless:

(i) The sender's machine indicates a malfunction in transmission or the recipient immediately notifies the sender that transmission is incomplete, when such notice or request shall be deemed not to have been served or given; or

(ii) Transmission is effected after a time which is 1700 hours at the place of which the transmission is sent, when such notice or request shall be deemed to be been received at 900 hours on the next day on which business is generally carried on at that place.

10. In the interpretation of this deed, unless the context otherwise requires:

(b) Words importing any gender include any other gender and in particular a reference to a "person" includes a corporation;

(a) Words importing the singular include the plural and vice versa;

(c) Covenants given, obligations assumed, by more than one party shall bind those parties and each of them jointly and severally.



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THE FIRST SCHEDULE The Date of the Deed: , 20 (Applicant to complete) THE SECOND SCHEDULE The Applicant: Name:

Address: (Applicant to complete)

THE THIRD SCHEDULE Part 1 - The Files:

Part 2 - The Works: Part 3 - The Completion Date:

THE FOURTH SCHEDULE The Security: * Cash Deposit/* Bank Guarantee in the sum of $ (* Applicant to delete whichever does not apply) SEALS AND SIGNATURES Companies only complete Part A, others complete Part B. A) THE COMMON SEAL of ____________________ ) _______________________________________________ ) as hereunto affixed in accordance with its ) articles of association and in the presence of: ) _____________________ _______________ Secretary Director B) SIGNED SEALED AND DELIVERED by the said ) _______________

_______________________ ) _______________

_______________________ in the presence of: ) Owner (Name of Owner) )

(Name of Witness) ) Witness THE COMMON SEAL OF BLACKTOWN CITY ) COUNCIL was hereunto affixed this ) ______________ day of , 20 pursuant ) Mayor to a resolution of Council passed at its Ordinary ) Meeting of , 20 . ) _______________ General Manager



APPENDIX F

STANDARD RECITAL FOR TERMS OF

EASEMENTS, COVENANTS & RESTRICTIONS



F - 1

APPENDIX F

OF THE CONVEYANCING ACT, 1919 AS AMENDED

STANDARD RECITAL FOR TERMS OF EASEMENTS, COVENANTS AND RESTRICTIONS

COMMONLY IMPOSED BY INSTRUMENT UNDER SECTION 88B

Revised: FEBRUARY 2005



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STANDARD RECITAL FOR TERMS OF EASEMENTS, COVENANTS AND RESTRICTIONS

COMMONLY IMPOSED BY INSTRUMENT UNDER SECTION 88B OF THE CONVEYANCING ACT, 1919 AS AMENDED

ORIGINAL VERSION PREPARED BY: PROUST & GARDNER CONSULTING SURVEYORS & PLANNERS 406 PACIFIC HIGHWAY LINDFIELD NSW 2070

IN CONSULTATION WITH AND REVISED BY: BLACKTOWN CITY COUNCIL'S DEVELOPMENT SERVICES UNIT

Revised: FEBRUARY 2005 (principally Sections A and B.3)



F - 3

CONTENTS:

1. Easements under the Conveyancing Act 1919

● Easement for Batter (Road below burdened land)

● Temporary Right of Carriageway

deferred works

● On-site Stormwater Detention

D. SCHEDULES 4A & 8 OF THE CONVEYANCING ACT 1919 AND THE

A. GENERAL USE TERMS

● in gross ● benefiting a lot 2. Easements in gross (Amendment Act 1995) 3. Easements benefiting a lot (Amendment Act 1995) 4. Positive covenants for maintenance & repair 5. Cross easements for Party Walls B. SPECIFIC USE TERMS

1. Easements

● Easement for Batter (Road above burdened land) ● Easement for access and maintenance

● Right of Carriageway (with optional additions)

2. Restrictions on Use of Land ● Filled lots ● Further Development per Development Consent ● Fencing responsibility ● Access Prohibited ● Residue lot: 2 types

● Uncompleted Vehicular Footway and/or Gutter (Layback) Crossings

● On-site Stormwater Detention: for constructed and

● Overland Flowpath ● Stormwater Quality Improvement Device ● Floor Level 3. Positive Covenants

● Overland Flowpath ● Stormwater Quality Improvement Device ● Maintenance & Repair of Shared Access

C. INTEGRAL ENERGY AUSTRALIA RECITALS

PROPERTY LEGISLATION AMENDMENT (EASEMENTS) ACT 1995 ● Terms of Easements, etc., in gross - e.g. - benefiting Council (Schedule 4A, Parts 1-11 Conveyancing Act) ● Terms of Easements, etc., benefiting Lots (Schedule 8, Parts 1-14 Conveyancing Act)



F - 4

TERMS OF EASEMENTS, COVENANTS AND RESTRICTIONS THAT CAN BE INCORPORATED IN AN INSTRUMENT UNDER

SECTION 88B OF THE CONVEYANCING ACT, 1919 AS AMENDED A. GENERAL USE TERMS The Conveyancing Act 1919 has been amended by the Property Legislation

Amendment (Easements) Act 1995 which commenced on 1 August 1996. Parts of the Acts that affect easement terms are as follows:

1. The easements under the Conveyancing Act 1919 are:

● Easement to Drain Water (Schedule 4A Part 3)

Easements benefiting a lot

● Easement for Drainage of Sewage (Schedule 4A Part 6)

Easements in Gross

● Right of Carriageway (Schedule 4A Part 1) ● Right of Footway (Schedule 4A Part 2)

● Easement to Drain Sewage (Schedule 4A Part 4)

● Right of Carriageway (Schedule 8 Part 1) ● Right of Footway (Schedule 8 Part 2) ● Easement to Drain Water (Schedule 8 Part 3) ● Easement to Drain Sewage (Schedule 8 Part 4)

These easements have not been repealed and can be used, the terms of which are deemed to be incorporated in the Instrument (see Schedules 4A and 8, Parts 1-4) and variations thereof by addition, exception, qualification or omission is now permitted.

2. The Amendment Act 1995 provides for 7 additional Easements in Gross

(easements without a dominant tenement, e.g. Blacktown City Council) of the following kind which do not require description in Part 2 of an Instrument:

● Easement for Repairs (Schedule 4A Part 5)

● Easement for Drainage of Water (Schedule 4A Part 7) ● Easement for Electricity Purposes (Schedule 4A Part 8) ● Easement for Services (Schedule 4A Part 9) ● Easement for Water Supply (Schedule 4A Part 10) ● Right of Access (Schedule 4A Part 11)

The terms of the abovementioned easements (see Schedule 4A Parts 5-11) are deemed to be incorporated in the Instrument and variations thereof by addition, exception qualification or omission is now permitted.



F - 5

3. The Amendment Act 1995 provides for terms of 10 additional easements that benefit a lot. These easements do not require description in Part 2 of an Instrument.

● Easement for Repairs (Schedule 8 Part 5)

● Easement for Drainage of Sewage (Schedule 8 Part 7)

● Easement for Electricity purposes (Schedule 8 Part 9)

● Right of Access (Schedule 8 Part 14)

● Easement for Batter (Schedule 8 Part 6)

● Easement for Drainage of Water (Schedule 8 Part 8)

● Easement for Overhang (Schedule 8 Part 10) ● Easement for Services (Schedule 8 Part 11) ● Easement for Water Supply (Schedule 8 Part 12) ● Easement to permit encroaching (Schedule 8 Part 13) Structure to remain

The terms of the abovementioned easements (see Schedule 8 Parts 5-14) are

deemed to be incorporated in the Instrument and variations thereof by addition, exception, qualification or omission is now permitted.

4. The Amendment Act 1995 also provides for Positive Covenants for

Maintenance and Repair to be created over the site of an easement (or shared accessway), or to benefit the site of an easement (or shared accessway). Lots can now be burdened and benefited with a covenant which affects the owners from time to time. The terms of the covenant can state that the registered proprietors for the time being of the lots must maintain the site of the easement (or shared accessway), or structure within it, and must share costs in some proportion relating to the maintenance (see page B-11 for example).

5. The Amendment Act 1995 also provides for the creation of Cross Easements

for Party Walls automatically under a new Section 88BB of the Conveyancing Act. The plan must show a boundary passing through the whole or part of a wall and the wall is identified as a "Party Wall". No other information is required for this automatic process.

Whilst the terms of the easements, etc., mentioned in Sections 1, 2 and 3 do not have to be recited in Part 2 of any relevant 88B instrument (since their title in Part 1 will impart the standard terms unless otherwise stated), their recitals are nevertheless included in this document at Section D.

All terms of easements, covenants and restrictions shall have a clause referring to the relevant authority e.g. Blacktown City Council, Sydney Water, Integral Energy etc, as having the power to "release, vary or modify" those terms.



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B. SPECIFIC USE TERMS Selected easements, restrictions and positive covenants relating to the specific

requirements of Blacktown City Council that are not included in Schedules 4A and 8 of the Conveyancing Act are as follows:

1. EASEMENTS Easement for Batter and Support (Road below burdened land) Full and free right for the body in whose favour this easement is created and

every person authorised by it from time to time and at all times thereafter to enter go upon return pass and repass with or without vehicles in through along and over the burdened lot and to use the burdened lot for the purpose of placing thereon all such earth soil cement sand clay and other material or the removal therefrom all such earth soil clay and other material as shall in the opinion of the Council of the City of Blacktown be necessary or desirable for the purpose of constructing reconstructing and forever maintaining on the burdened lot a batter to serve as a support for the said land burdened and to do all such incidental acts and things that may be necessary in the premises for the purpose of constructing maintaining repairing altering or doing any work on the land comprised in the said easement and for all or any of the said purpose to remove and re-erect any fences or other posts on the land comprised in the said easement.

Easement for Batter and Support (Road above burdened land)

Easement for support of the soil in # Road and in the lots benefited as weighted with any improvements which the Council of the City of Blacktown in the case of such road and the proprietor for the time being in the case of the lots benefited may from time to time see fit to erect or allow to be erected thereon or which may be erected thereon under any statutory authority with full and free power, liberty, licence and authority from time to time and at all times hereafter to the said Council and to every person authorised by it to enter upon go return pass and repass through along and over the burdened lot with officers and/or servants and/or workmen of the said Council or of any such person authorised by it as aforesaid and with or without vehicles and to use the burdened lot for the purpose of placing thereon all such earth soil cement clay sand stones and rock and other materials as shall be necessary or desirable for the purpose of constructing reconstructing altering maintaining and repairing on the burdened lot a batter to serve as a support for the surface subsoil and undersurface of the said road and lots benefits by this easement including all improvements thereon and do all such other incidental acts and things as may be necessary in the premises to enable the aforesaid purposes to be carried out and for all or any of the said purposes to pull down and re-erect any fences or other posts on the burdened lot and the burdened lot shall not be used or be permitted to be used in any manner or for any purpose which may affect or



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have a tendency to affect the stability of the said batter as a support for the said road and lots benefited as aforesaid or which may injure or damage the said batter or in any way impair its efficiency and if the proprietor for the time being of the burdened lot should do or suffer to be done any act or thing which may in any way injure damage or impair the said batter he shall be liable at his own expense to properly and substantially repair and make good all such injury and damage. Where herein used, words importing the singular number or plural number shall include the plural and singular number respectively and words importing the masculine gender shall include the feminine or neuter gender.

(b) do anything reasonably necessary for the purpose of renewing, replacing, painting, repairing and maintaining the dwelling adjacent to this easement.

In exercising those powers the proprietor of the lot benefited must:

Easement for Access and Maintenance The proprietor of the lot benefited and persons authorised by him may:

(a) enter upon the burdened lot but only within the site of this easement.

(c) remain on the site of this easement for any reasonable time for the said purposes.

(a) cause as little inconvenience to the proprietor or occupier of the

burdened lot and (b) cause as little damage as possible to the burdened lot and (c) restore as nearly as is practicable the burdened lot to its former

condition and

the proprietor of the burdened lot shall not erect any building or other structure of any kind on or over the site of the easement.

Temporary Right of Carriageway The proprietor of the benefited lot and every person authorised by him may go, pass and repass at all times and for all purposes with or without animals or vehicles or both to or from the site of the easement provided that this right of carriageway is a temporary right. Council will raise no objection to the extinguishing of this Right of Carriageway upon construction and dedication of a public road providing vehicular access to the benefited lot.



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Right of Carriageway (with Optional additions) Terms of Right of Carriageway as per Schedule 8 of the Conveyancing Act 1919 as amended together with the following addition: "Provided that the registered proprietors for the time being of the benefited lots and all persons authorised by him will: (a) not exceed a speed of 20 kph whilst driving a vehicle over the site of

this easement. (b) not drive a vehicle of Tare weight in excess of ( )kg over the site of

this easement. (c) not park a vehicle or leave a vehicle standing or otherwise allow an

obstruction to remain on the site of this easement."

2. RESTRICTIONS ON THE USE OF LAND Filled Lots

No building shall be erected on the lot hereby burdened being a filled lot unless constructed on pier and beam footings to safe and uniform strata or alternatively on footings or slab designed and certified by a Chartered Professional Engineer to the requirements and satisfaction of the Council of the City of Blacktown.

Further Development per Development Consent No development shall be permitted on the lot hereby burdened unless it is to be developed in accordance with the development consent having Notice of Determination No. # issued by the Council of the City of Blacktown on # (insert date). Council will raise no objection to the extinguishing of this restriction in respect of a lot hereby burdened when development is completed on that lot in accordance with Determination No. # dated #.

(b) The restriction shall remain in force only during such times as the Council of the City of Blacktown is the registered proprietor of the land immediately adjoining the burdened lots and shall bind all successive owners and assigns of each lot burdened.

Fencing Responsibility

(a) No fence shall be erected on the common boundary of the burdened

lots and the adjoining public reserve/drainage reserve without the consent of the Council of the City of Blacktown. Such consent shall not be withheld, however, if such fence is erected without expense to the Council of the City of Blacktown.



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Access Prohibited The burdened lot shall not be used nor shall any part thereof be used as a means of vehicular or pedestrian access or route to or from any part of # (insert road name) and no owner of such a lot shall pass or repass nor shall that owner permit or authorise any of his employees visitors or authorised persons to pass or repass across the boundary between (insert road name) and the burdened lot without consent of the Council of the City of Blacktown (which consent may at any time be revoked by the said Council at its absolute discretion).

Residue Lot: 2 types 1. Requiring development with adjoining land:

The burdened lot shall not be further developed unless it is developed and/or resubdivided with adjoining land to the satisfaction of the Council of the City of Blacktown.

2. Independent redevelopment allowable:

No further development of the lot burdened is to take place unless it is approved by Development Consent. Such approval is likely to require, but not be restricted to, construction of road and drainage works, the provision of lot fill and the payment of Section 94 Contributions. Uncompleted Vehicular Footway and/or Gutter (Layback) Crossings No building shall be occupied on any hereby burdened lot unless the vehicular footway and gutter crossing serving that lot is constructed to Council's specification in accordance with development consent having Notice of Determination No. # issued by the Council of the City of Blacktown on #. Council will raise no objection to the extinguishing of this restriction in respect of a lot hereby burdened when the vehicular footway and gutter crossing is completed in accordance with Notice of Determination No. # dated #, and has obtained a final inspection clearance from Council.

On-Site Stormwater Detention 1. For constructed works The registered proprietor(s) covenant as follows with the Authority benefited in respect to the on-site stormwater detention system (hereinafter referred to as "the system") constructed on the burdened lot(s) that they will not, without the prior and express written consent of the Authority benefited:



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(a) Do any act, matter or thing which would prevent the system from operating in a safe and efficient manner.

(b) Make or permit or suffer the making of any alterations or additions to the system.

(c) Allow any development within the meaning of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 to encroach upon the system.

This restriction shall bind all persons who are or claim under the registered proprietor(s) as stipulated in Section 88E(5) of the Conveyancing Act 1919.

For the purposes of this restriction, "the system" means the on-site stormwater detention system constructed on the land as detailed on the plans approved by ………. as Construction Certificate No. ………. on ………., including all ancillary gutters, pipes, drains, walls, kerbs, pits, grates, tanks, chambers, basins and surfaces designed to temporarily detain stormwater, as well as all surfaces graded to direct stormwater to the temporary storage. (Include the following for Private CC's only) A copy of this Construction Certificate is held on Council File No. …..

2. For deferred works

This following version is only used when construction of the OSD system is being deferred, which will only be permitted by Council in exceptional circumstances.

"The registered proprietor shall not erect or suffer the erection of any dwelling house or other structure on the lot(s) hereby burdened unless the registered proprietor has first constructed or has made provision for the construction of an on-site stormwater detention system on the said lot(s), in accordance with the design, construction and/or provision requirements of, and to the satisfaction of Blacktown City Council.

The expression "on-site stormwater detention system" shall include all ancillary gutters, pipes, drains, walls, kerbs, pits, grates, tanks, chambers, basins and surfaces designed to temporarily detain stormwater as well as all surfaces graded to direct stormwater to the temporary storage."

Overland Flowpath

1. The registered proprietor(s) covenant as follows with the Authority benefited in respect to the overland flowpath constructed on the burdened lot(s) that they will not, without the prior and express written consent of the Authority benefited:

(a) Do any act, matter or thing which would prevent the overland

flowpath from operating in a safe and efficient manner.



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(b) Make or permit or suffer the making of any alterations or additions to the overland flowpath.

(c) Allow any development within the meaning of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 to encroach upon the overland flowpath.

2. Any boundary or internal fencing that crosses the overland flowpath is

to be open mesh style within 500mm of finished ground level, with the mesh openings designed to provide a minimum 80% clear area. The underside of the fencing shall provide a minimum clear opening of …..mm to ground level.

This restriction shall bind all persons who are or claim under the registered proprietor(s) as stipulated in Section 88E(5) of the Conveyancing Act 1919. For the purposes of this restriction "overland flowpath" means the works constructed on the land (including all access pavements, pipes, drains, kerbs, pits, grates and surfaces designed to convey stormwater through the site) shown on plans approved by ………. as Construction Certificate No. ………. on ………. and contained within the aforementioned Easement to Drain Water variable width/…..m wide. (Include the following for Private CC's only) A copy of this Construction Certificate is held on Council File No. …..

Stormwater Quality Improvement Device The registered proprietor(s) covenant as follows with the Authority benefited

in respect to the Stormwater Quality Improvement Device (hereinafter referred to as "the device") constructed and/or installed on the burdened lot(s) that they will not, without the prior and express written consent of the Authority benefited:

1. Do any act, matter or thing which would prevent the device from

operating in a safe and efficient manner. 2. Make or permit or suffer the making of any alterations or additions to

the device. 3. Allow any development within the meaning of the Environmental

Planning and Assessment Act 1979 to encroach upon the device. This restriction shall bind all persons who are or claim under the registered

proprietor(s) as stipulated in Section 88E(5) of the Conveyancing Act 1919.

For the purpose of this restriction, "the device" means the ………. (e.g. "Humeceptor") stormwater quality improvement device constructed and/or installed on the land as detailed on the plans approved by ………. as Construction Certificate No. ………. on ………., including all ancillary gutters, pipes, drains, walls, kerbs, pits, grates, tanks, chambers, basins and surfaces designed to treat stormwater, as well as all surfaces graded to direct



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stormwater to the device. (Include the following for Private CC's only) A copy of this Construction Certificate is held on Council File No. …..

Floor Level The floor level of any building erected on the burdened lot shall be a minimum

of ….. metres above the designed 1% Annual Exceedance Probability top water level in the overland flowpath/open channel/ drainage easement (delete where non applicable) on lot …../within the site.

3. POSITIVE COVENANTS

On-Site Stormwater Detention

1. The registered proprietor(s) covenant as follows with the Authority benefited in respect to the on-site stormwater detention system (hereinafter referred to as "the system") constructed on the burdened lot(s), that they will:

(a) Keep the system clean and free from silt, rubbish and debris. (b) Maintain and repair at the sole expense of the registered

proprietor(s) that part of the system contained within the registered proprietor's own lot, so that it functions in a safe and efficient manner, in accordance with the "On-Site Detention Maintenance Schedule" prepared by ………. on ………., a copy of which is held on Council File ……….. A copy of this Schedule is available to all owners and occupiers of the burdened lot(s).

(c) For the purpose of ensuring observance of this covenant, permit Blacktown City Council or its authorised agents (hereinafter referred to as "the Council") from time to time and upon giving reasonable notice (but at any time and without notice in the case of an emergency) to enter the land and inspect the condition of the system and the state of construction, maintenance or repair of the system, for compliance with the requirements of this covenant.

(d) Comply with the terms of any written notice issued by the Council to attend to any matter and carry out such work within the time stated in the notice, to ensure the proper and efficient performance of the system and to that extent Section 88F(2)(a) of the Conveyancing Act 1919 (hereinafter referred to as "the Act") is hereby agreed to be amended accordingly.

2. Pursuant to Section 88F(3) of the Act the Council shall have the

following additional powers pursuant to this covenant:



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(a) In the event that the registered proprietor fails to comply with the terms of any written notice issued by the Council as set out above, the Council may enter the land with all necessary equipment and carry out any work considered by Council to be reasonable to comply with the said notice referred to in 1(d) above.

(b) The Council may recover from the registered proprietor in a court of competent jurisdiction:

I. Any expense reasonably incurred by it in exercising its

powers in sub-paragraph 2(a) above. Such expense shall include reasonable wages for employees engaged in effecting, supervising and administering the said work, together with costs, reasonably estimated by Council, for the use of materials, machinery, tools and equipment used in conjunction with the said work.

II. Legal costs on an indemnity basis for issues of the said

notices and recovery of the said costs and expenses together with the costs, charges, and expenses of registration of a covenant charge pursuant to Section 88F of the Act or providing any certificate required pursuant to Section 88G of the Act or obtaining any injunction pursuant to Section 88H of the Act.

3. This covenant shall bind all persons who are or claim under the

registered proprietor(s) as stipulated in Section 88E(5) of the Act. For the purposes of this covenant, "the system" means the on-site stormwater

detention system constructed on the land as detailed on the plans approved by ………. as Construction Certificate No. ………. on ………., including all ancillary gutters, pipes, drains, walls, kerbs, pits, grates, tanks, chambers, basins and surfaces designed to temporarily detain stormwater, as well as all surfaces graded to direct stormwater to the temporary storage. (Include the following for Private CC's only) A copy of this Construction Certificate is held on Council File No. …..

Overland Flowpath 1. The registered proprietor(s) covenant as follows with the Authority

benefited in respect to the overland flowpath constructed on the burdened lot(s) that they will:

(a) Keep the overland flowpath clean and free from silt, rubbish

and debris. (b) Maintain and repair at the sole expense of the registered

proprietor(s) that part of the overland flowpath contained



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within the registered proprietor's own lot, so that it functions in a safe and efficient manner.

(c) For the purpose of ensuring observance of this covenant, permit Blacktown City Council or its authorised agents (hereinafter referred to as "the Council") from time to time and upon giving reasonable notice (but at any time and without notice in the case of an emergency) to enter the land and inspect the condition of the system and the state of construction, maintenance or repair of the system, for compliance with the requirements of this covenant.

(d) Comply with the terms of any written notice issued by the Council to attend to any matter and carry out such work within the time stated in the notice, to ensure the proper and efficient performance of the system and to that extent Section 88F(2)(a) of the Conveyancing Act 1919 (hereinafter referred to as "the Act") is hereby agreed to be amended accordingly.



(a) In the event that the registered proprietor fails to comply with the terms of any written notice issued by the Council as set out above, the Council may enter the land with all necessary equipment and carry out any work considered by Council to be reasonable to comply with the said notice referred to in 1(d) above.




II. Legal costs on an indemnity basis for issue of the said

notices and recovery of the said costs and expenses together with the costs, charges, and expenses of registration of a covenant charge pursuant to Section 88F of the Act or providing any certificate required pursuant to Section 88G of the Act or obtaining any injunction pursuant to Section 88H of the Act.


registered proprietors as stipulated in Section 88E(5) of the Act.



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For the purposes of this covenant, "overland flowpath" means the works constructed on the land (including all access pavements, pipes, drains, kerbs, pits, grates and surfaces designed to convey stormwater through the site) shown on plans approved by ………. as Construction Certificate No. ………. on ………. and contained within the aforementioned Easement to Drain Water variable width/…..m wide. (Include the following for Private CC's only) A copy of this Construction Certificate is held on Council File No. …..

Stormwater Quality Improvement Device

1. The registered proprietor(s) covenant as follows with the Authority benefited in respect to the Stormwater Quality Improvement Device (hereinafter referred to as "the device") constructed and/or installed on the burdened lot(s), that they will:

(a) Keep the device clean and free from silt, rubbish and debris (b) Maintain and repair the device at the sole expense of the

registered proprietor(s), so that it functions in a safe and efficient manner, in accordance with the manufacturer's recommended requirements and/or the "Maintenance Schedule" prepared by ………. on ………., a copy of which is held on Council File ……….. A copy of this Schedule is available to all owners and occupiers of the burdened lot(s).

(c) For the purpose of ensuring observance of this covenant, permit Blacktown City Council or its authorised agents (hereinafter referred to as "the Council") from time to time and upon giving reasonable notice (but at any time and without notice in the case of an emergency) to enter the land and inspect the condition of the device and the state of construction, maintenance or repair of the device, for compliance with the requirements of this covenant.

(d) Notify Council after each programmed maintenance inspection. (e) Comply with the terms of any written notice issued by the

Council to attend to any matter and carry out such work within the time stated in the notice, to ensure the proper and efficient performance of the device and to that extent Section 88F(2)(a) of the Conveyancing Act 1919 (hereinafter referred to as "the Act") is hereby agreed to be amended accordingly.



(a) In the event that the registered proprietor fails to comply with the terms of any written notice issued by the Council as set out above, the Council may enter the land with all necessary



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equipment and carry out any work considered by Council to be reasonable to comply with the said notice referred to in 1(e) above.




For the purposes of this covenant, "the device" means the ………. (e.g. "Humeceptor") stormwater quality improvement device constructed and/or installed on the land as detailed on the plans approved by ………. as Construction Certificate No. ………. on ………., including all ancillary gutters, pipes, drains, walls, kerbs, pits, grates, tanks, chambers, basins and surfaces designed to treat stormwater, as well as all surfaces graded to direct stormwater to the device. (Include the following for Private CC's only) A copy of this Construction Certificate is held on Council File No. …..

II. Legal costs on an indemnity basis for issue of the said

notices and recovery of the said costs and expenses together with the costs, charges, and expenses of registration of a covenant charge pursuant to Section 88F of the Act or providing any certificate required pursuant to Section 88G of the act or obtaining any injunction pursuant to Section 88H of the Act.


registered proprietor(s) as stipulated in Section 88E(5) of the Act.

Maintenance and Repair of Shared Access The proprietor of the lot hereby burdened will in respect of the right of

carriageway within the benefited lot #ly referred to in the abovementioned plan:

(a) maintain the driveway surface and any associated drainage system in

reasonable working condition and

(b) repair and/or restore any or all of the driveway surface and associated drainage system as nearly as practicable, to its former condition and



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(c) share the costs of the abovementioned works equally (or proportionally to usage) with all other proprietors of other lots similarly burdened by this covenant.



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C. INTEGRAL ENERGY AUSTRALIA RECITALS

EASEMENT FOR OVERHEAD POWER LINES

EASEMENT FOR UNDERGROUND CABLES

EASEMENT FOR PADMOUNT SUBSTATION

1. The recitals for the above easements required by Integral Energy Australia are quite lengthy and therefore subject to typographical errors in the preparation of 88B instruments.

2. In an effort to minimise the potential for errors and also to simplify the

creation of these easements, Integral Energy Australia have had the recitals registered with the Land and Property Information NSW.

3. By having these details registered a "Memorandum", 88B instruments need

only refer to the memorandum rather than spell out the full terms of the easement in Part 2 of the 88B.

4. The Memorandum numbers related to these easements are as follows: Easement for Overhead Power Lines: 3021850 Easement for Underground Cables: 3021851 Easement for Padmount Substation: 3021852

5. Please note therefore, that the following inclusions in Part 2 of an 88B are now acceptable:

"An Easement for Overhead Power Lines having terms as detailed in

Memorandum No. 3021850 registered with Land and Property Information NSW."

and "An Easement for Underground Cables having terms as detailed in

Memorandum No. 3021851 registered with the Land and Property Information NSW."

(or similar) and

An Easement for Padmount Substation having terms as detailed in Memorandum No. 3021852 registered with the Land and Property Information NSW."

(or similar)



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6. Of course, the inclusion of the full recital as set out by Integral Energy Australia will also continue to be acceptable, however, over time its use will most likely decline.



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D. SCHEDULES 4A & 8 OF THE CONVEYANCING ACT 1919 AND

AMENDMENT (EASEMENTS) ACT 1995

D.1 - EASEMENTS IN GROSS (benefiting Council) SCHEDULE 4A OF THE CONVEYANCING ACT 1919 AND

THE PROPERTY LEGISLATION AMENDMENT (EASEMENTS) ACT 1995 PART 1 TERMS OF RIGHT OF CARRIAGEWAY .…. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN:

Full and free right for the body in whose favour this easement is created, and every person authorised by it, to go, pass and repass at all times and for all purposes with or without animals or vehicles or both over the land indicated herein as the servient tenement.

PART 2

TERMS OF RIGHT OF FOOTWAY ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN: Full and free right for the body in whose favour this easement is created and every person authorised by it, to go, pass and repass at all times and for all purposes without animals or vehicles over the land indicated herein as the servient tenement. PART 3 TERMS OF EASEMENT TO DRAIN WATER ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN: Full and free right for the body in whose favour this easement is created, and every person authorised by it, from time to time and at all times to drain water (whether rain, storm, spring, soakage, or seepage water) in any quantities across and through the land herein indicated as the servient tenement, together with the right to use, for the purposes of the easement, any line of pipes already laid within the servient tenement for the purpose therefore and where no such line of pipes in replacement or in substitution therefore and where no such line of pipes exists, to lay, place and maintain a line of pipes of sufficient internal diameter beneath or upon the surface of the servient tenement, and together with the right for the body in whose favour this easement is created and every person authorised by it, with any tools, implements, or machinery, necessary for the purpose, to enter upon the servient tenement and to remain there for any reasonable time for the purpose of laying, inspecting, cleansing, repairing, maintaining, or renewing such pipe line or any part thereof and for any of the aforesaid purposes to open the soil of the servient tenement to such extent as may be necessary provided that the body in whose favour this easement is created and the persons authorised by it will take all reasonable precautions to ensure as little disturbance as possible to the surface of the servient tenement and will restore that surface as nearly as practicable to its original condition.



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PART 4 TERMS OF EASEMENT TO DRAIN SEWAGE ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN: Full and free right for the body in whose favour this easement is created, and every person authorised by it, from time to time and at all times by means of pipes to drain sewage and other waste material and fluid in any quantities across and through the land herein indicated as the servient tenement, together with the right to use, for the purposes of the easement, any line of pipes already laid within the servient tenement for the purpose of draining sewage or any pipe or pipes in replacement or in substitution therefore and where no such line of pipes exists, to lay, place and maintain a line of pipes of sufficient internal diameter beneath or upon the surface of the servient tenement, and together with the right for the body in whose favour this easement is created and every person authorised by it, with any tools, implements, or machinery, necessary for the purpose, to enter upon the servient tenement and to remain there for any reasonable time for the purpose of laying, inspecting, cleansing, repairing, maintaining, or renewing such pipe line or any part thereof and for any of the aforesaid purposes to open the soil of the servient tenement to such extent as may be necessary provided that the body in whose favour this easement is created and every person authorised by it will take all reasonable precautions to ensure as little disturbance as possible to the surface of the servient tenement and will restore that surface as nearly as practicable to its original condition. PART 5 TERMS OF EASEMENT FOR REPAIRS ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN: 1. The body having the benefit of this easement may:

(a) at the expiration of at least one week's notice served on the owner or occupier of a lot burdened, use the lot for the purpose of carrying out necessary work on any surface used by that body which cannot otherwise reasonably be carried out, and

(b) do anything reasonably necessary for that purpose, including:

● entering the lot burdened, and ● taking anything on to the lot burdened.

2. In exercising those powers, the body having the benefit of this easement must:

(a) ensure all work on the lot benefited is done properly and carried out as quickly as is practicable, and

(b) cause as little inconvenience as is practicable to the owner and any occupier of

the lot burdened, and



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(c) cause as little damage as is practicable to the lot burdened and any improvement on it, and

(d) restore the lot burdened as nearly as is practicable to its former condition, and

(e) make good any collateral damage.

PART 6 TERMS OF EASEMENT FOR DRAINAGE OF SEWAGE ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN: 1. The body having the benefit of this easement may:

(a) drain sewage, sullage and other fluid wastes in pipes through each lot burdened, but only within the site of this easement, and




PART 7

● entering the lot burdened, and ● taking anything on to the lot burdened, and ● using any existing line of pipes, and ● carrying out works, such as constructing, placing, repairing or

maintaining pipes and equipment.

(a) ensure all work is done properly, and

(b) cause as little inconvenience as is practicable to the owner and any occupier of the lot burdened, and



TERMS OF EASEMENT FOR DRAINAGE OF WATER ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN:


1. The body having the benefit of this easement may:

(a) drain water from any natural source through each lot burdened, but only within the site of this easement, and



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● entering the lot burdened, and

● using any existing line of pipes, and


● taking anything on to the lot burdened, and

● carrying out works, such as constructing, placing, repairing or maintaining pipes, channels, ditches and equipment.






PART 8 TERMS OF EASEMENT FOR ELECTRICITY PURPOSES ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN:


(a) transmit electricity through each lot burdened, but only within the site of this easement, and


● entering the lot burdened, and ● taking anything on to the lot burdened, and ● carrying out work, such as constructing, placing, repairing or

maintaining poles, wires, conduits and equipment. 2. In exercising those powers, the body having the benefit of this easement must:



(c) cause as little damage as is practicable to the lot burdened and any

improvement on it, and



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(e) make good any collateral damage. PART 9 TERMS OF EASEMENT FOR SERVICES ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN: 1. The body having the benefit of this easement may:

(a) provide domestic services supplied by that body through each lot burdened, but only within the site of this easement, and



maintaining pipes, poles, wires, cables, conduits, structures and equipment.




(c) cause as little damage as is practicable to the lot burdened and any

improvement on it, and



3. For the purpose of this easement, domestic services includes supply of water, gas, electricity, telephone and television and discharge of sewage, sullage and other fluid wastes.

PART 10 TERMS OF EASEMENT FOR WATER SUPPLY ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN: 1. The body having the benefit of this easement may:

(a) run water in pipes through each lot burdened, but only within the site of this easement, and



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maintaining pipes and equipment.







PART 11 TERMS OF RIGHT OF ACCESS ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN:

(a) by any reasonable means pass across each lot burdened, but only within the site of this easement, for the purpose of exercising or performing any of its powers, authorities, duties or functions and


● carrying out work within the site of this easement, such as constructing, placing, repairing or maintaining trafficable surfaces, driveways or structures.




(b) do anything reasonably necessary for passing across each lot, including:






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D.2 - EASEMENTS BENEFITING A LOT SCHEDULE 8 OF THE CONVEYANCING ACT 1919 AND

THE PROPERTY LEGISLATION AMENDMENT (EASEMENTS) ACT 1995 PART 1 TERMS OF RIGHT OF CARRIAGEWAY … REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN:

Full and free right for every person who is at any time entitled to an estate or interest in possession in the land herein indicated as the dominant tenement or any part thereof with which the right shall be capable of enjoyment, and every person authorised by him, to go, pass and repass at all times and for all purposes with or without animals or vehicles or both to and from the said dominant tenement or any such part thereof.

PART 2 TERMS OF RIGHT OF FOOTWAY ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN: Full and free right for every person who is at any time entitled to an estate or interest in possession in the land herein indicated as the dominant tenement or any part thereof with which the right shall be capable of enjoyment, and every person authorised by him, to go, pass and repass at all times and for all purposes without animals or vehicles or both to and from the said dominant tenement or any such part thereof. PART 3 TERMS OF EASEMENT TO DRAIN WATER … REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED LAND: Full and free right for every person who is at any time entitled to an estate or interest in possession in the land herein indicated as the dominant tenement or any part thereof with which the right shall be capable of enjoyment, and every person authorised by him, from time to time and at all times to drain water (whether rain, storm, spring, soakage, or seepage water) in any quantities across and through the land herein indicated as the servient tenement, together with the right to use, for the purposes of the easement, any line of pipes already laid within the servient tenement for the purpose therefore and where no such line of pipes in replacement or in substitution therefore and where no such line of pipes exists, to lay, place and maintain a line of pipes of sufficient internal diameter beneath or upon the surface of the servient tenement, and together with the right for the grantee and every person authorised by him, with any tools, implements, or machinery, necessary for the purpose, to enter upon the servient tenement and to remain there for any reasonable time for the purpose of laying, inspecting, cleansing, repairing, maintaining, or renewing such pipe line or any part thereof and for any of the aforesaid purposes to open the soil of the servient tenement to such extent as may be necessary provided that the grantee and the persons authorised by him will take all reasonable precautions to ensure as little disturbance as possible to the surface of the servient tenement and will restore that surface as nearly as practicable to its original condition.



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PART 4 TERMS OF EASEMENT TO DRAIN SEWAGE ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN:

TERMS OF EASEMENT FOR REPAIRS ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED

Full and free right for every person who is at any time entitled to an estate or interest in possession in the land herein indicated as the dominant tenement or any part thereof with which the right shall be capable of enjoyment, and every person authorised by him, from time to time and at all times by means of pipes to drain sewage and other waste material and fluid in any quantities across and through the land herein indicated as the servient tenement, together with the right to use, for the purposes of the easement, any line of pipes already laid within the servient tenement for the purpose of draining sewage or any pipe or pipes in replacement or in substitution therefore and where no such line of pipes exists, to lay, place and maintain a line of pipes of sufficient internal diameter beneath or upon the surface of the servient tenement, and together with the right for the grantee and every person authorised by him, with any tools, implements, or machinery, necessary for the purpose, to enter upon the servient tenement and to remain there for any reasonable time for the purpose of laying, inspecting, cleansing, repairing, maintaining, or renewing such pipe line or any part thereof and for any of the aforesaid purposes to open the soil of the servient tenement to such extent as may be necessary provided that the grantee and the persons authorised by him will take all reasonable precautions to ensure as little disturbance as possible to the surface of the servient tenement and will restore that surface as nearly as practicable to its original condition.

PART 5

PLAN:

1. The owner of the lot benefited may:

(a) at the expiration of at least one week's notice served on the owner or occupier of a lot burdened, use the lot burdened for the purpose of carrying out necessary work on, or on any structure on, the lot benefited which cannot otherwise reasonably be carried out,

● taking anything on to the lot burdened.




(a) ensure all work on the lot benefited is done properly and carried out as quickly

as is practicable, and




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(e) make good any collateral damage. PART 6 TERMS OF EASEMENT FOR BATTER ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN: 1. The owner of the lot benefited may:

(a) construct and maintain on the lot burdened, but only within the site of this easement, whatever batter or embankment is reasonably necessary to support the surface or subsurface of the lot benefited or any part of it, or any structure or works on the lot benefited, and


● taking anything on to the lot burdened, and ● entering the lot burdened, and

● carrying out work.

2. The owner of the lot burdened must not:

(a) interfere with the batter or embankment or the support it offers, or

(b) use the site of this easement, or any other part of the lot burdened, or any other land, in a way which may detract from the stability of or the support provided by the batter or embankment.

3. If the owner of the lot burdened does or allows anything to be done which damages the batter or embankment or impairs its effectiveness, the owner of the lot benefited may serve no less than 14 days notice on the owner of the lot burdened requiring the damage to be repaired or the impairment removed.

If the owner of the lot burdened does not comply with the notice, the owner of the lot benefited may enter and repair the damage or remove the impairment and may recover any reasonable costs from the owner of the lot burdened.






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TERMS OF EASEMENT FOR DRAINAGE OF SEWAGE ….. REFERRED TO IN PART 7

ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN:


(a) drain sewage, sullage and other fluid wastes in pipes through each lot burdened, but only within the site of this easement, and

● carrying out works, such as constructing, placing, repairing or maintaining pipes and equipment.




PART 8


● entering the lot burdened, and ● taking anything on to the lot burdened, and ● using any existing line of pipes, and




TERMS OF EASEMENT FOR DRAINAGE OF WATER ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN:


(a) drain water from any natural source through each lot burdened, but only within the site of this easement, and




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● using any existing line of pipes, and





● carrying out works, such as constructing, placing, repairing or maintaining pipes, channels, ditches and equipment.



(e) make good any collateral damage. PART 9 TERMS OF EASEMENT FOR ELECTRICITY PURPOSES ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN: 1. The owner of the lot benefited may:

(a) transmit electricity through each lot burdened, but only within the site of this easement, and


● entering the lot burdened, and ● taking anything on to the lot burdened, and ● carrying out works, such as constructing, placing, repairing or

maintaining poles, wire conduits and equipment. 2. In exercising those powers, the body having the benefit of this easement must:







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(e) make good collateral damage. PART 10 TERMS OF EASEMENT FOR OVERHANG ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN: 1. The owner of the lot benefited may:

(a) insist that the parts of the structure (the overhanging structure) on the lot benefited which, when this easement was created, overhung the lot burdened remain, but only to the extent they are within the site of this easement, and

(b) must keep the overhanging structure in good repair and safe condition, and

(c) may do anything reasonably necessary for those purposes, including:

● entering the lot burdened, and ● taking anything on to the lot burdened, and ● carrying out work.




(c) restore the lot burdened as nearly as is practicable to its former condition, and

(d) make good any collateral damage.

3. The owner of the lot burdened may insist that this easement be extinguished when the structure on the lot benefited is removed.

4. The owner of the lot burdened must not do or allow anything to be done to damage or interfere with the overhanging structure.

PART 11 TERMS OF EASEMENT FOR SERVICES ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN:



(a) use each lot burdened, but only within the site of this easement, to provide domestic services to or from each lot burdened, and



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● entering the lot burdened, and ● taking anything on to the lot burdened, and



3. For the purpose of this easement, domestic services includes supply of water, gas, electricity, telephone and television and discharge of sewage, sullage and other fluid wastes.

TERMS OF EASEMENT FOR WATER SUPPLY ….. REFERRED TO IN

● carrying out works, such as constructing, placing, repairing or maintaining pipes, poles, wires, cables, conduits, structures and equipment.





PART 12

ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN:


(a) run water in pipes through each lot burdened, but only within the site of this easement, and


● carrying out works, such as constructing, placing, repairing or maintaining pipes and equipment.








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(e) make good any collateral damage. PART 13 TERMS OF EASEMENT TO PERMIT ENCROACHING STRUCTURE TO REMAIN ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN: 1. The owner of the lot benefited may:

(a) insist that the parts of the structure (the encroaching structure) on the lot benefited which, when this easement was created, encroached on the lot burdened remain, but only to the extent they are within the site of this easement, and

(b) must keep the encroaching structure in good repair and safe condition, and

(c) do anything reasonably necessary for those purposes, including:


● entering the lot burdened, and ● taking anything on to the lot burdened, and ● carrying out work.



(c) restore the lot burdened as nearly as is practicable to its former condition, and

(d) make good any collateral damage.

3. The owner of the lot burdened may insist that this easement be extinguished when the structure on the lot benefited is removed.

4. The owner of the lot burdened must not do or allow anything to be done to damage or interfere with the encroaching structure.



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PART 14 TERMS OF RIGHT OF ACCESS ….. REFERRED TO IN ABOVEMENTIONED PLAN:



(a) by any reasonable means pass across each lot burdened, but only within the site of this easement, to get to or from the lot benefited, and


● entering the lot burdened, and ● taking anything on to the lot burdened, and ● carrying out work within the site of this easement, such as

constructing, placing, repairing or maintaining trafficable surfaces, driveways or structures.








APPENDIX G

EXAMPLE OF A LOT FILL PLAN



APPENDIX H

EXAMPLE EASEMENT CERTIFICATE



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APPENDIX H EXAMPLE CERTIFICATE

Council Ref: General Manager

DX 8117

Blacktown City Council

BLACKTOWN Dear Sir,

Subdivision of Lot D.P. AT

Our final Plan of Subdivision bearing the abovementioned description and reference intends to create the following easements over the specified lots.

Easement Description Burdened Lots

1 metre wide. 1523 to 1526 inclusive.

2.5 metres wide.

Drainage pipes and associated structures are laid wholly within the easements to be created by registration of the accompanying linen plan.

Yours faithfully,

(Please Print)

1. Easement to Drain Water 1506, 1514, to 1519 inclusive,

2. Easement to Drain Water Lot 1527

Signature

Name of Surveyor



APPENDIX I

STANDARD DRAWINGS



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APPENDIX I

A(BS)111 Step Irons

A(BS)112M Typical Arrangement of Threshold Pavements at Intersections

STANDARD DRAWINGS A(BS)101M Standard Kerbs and Gutters

A(BS)102S Standard Residential Footway and Layback Crossing

A(BS)103S Standard Industrial and Commercial Footway Crossing

A(BS)104M Path paving at Intersections and Kerb Ramp Details

A(BS)105S Standard Pathway Barrier

A(BS)106M Standard Grated Gully Pit

A(BS)107M Standard Junction Pit

A(BS)108M Minor Drainage Collections

A(BS)109M Standard Surface Inlet Pits

A(BS)110S Accessway Detail

A(BS)113M Standard Street Signs and Posts

A(BS)114S Standard Floodway Warning Signs and Mounting Bracket

A(BS)115M Construction of Traffic "Shake-Down"

A(BS)116S Channel Check Dams and Culvert Inlet Protection

A(BS)117S Sedimentation Basin A(BS)118 Not Allocated

A(BS)119S Sediment Traps for Surface Inlet Pits

A(BS)120 Not Allocated

A(BS)121M Sediment Fence and Filters

A(BS)122S Siltation Traps for Kerb Inlets



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A(BS)123M Perimeter and Diversion Banks

A(BS)127S Rural Vehicular Crossing

A(BS)134S Standard Bicycle Path

A(BS)136S Typical OSD Discharge Control Pit

A(BS)137S Special Pathway Barrier for Electric Mobility Scooter

A(BS)124M Typical locations for signs and markings associated with Wombat Crossings

A(BS)125M Standard Indented Bus Bay

A(BS)126S Typical Calming Device for Residential Roads

A(BS)128S Specification for Bus Shelter Concrete Base/Apron - with Path Paving A(BS)129S Specification for Bus Shelter Concrete Base/Apron - without Path Paving A(BS)131M Standard Wombat Crossing, All Roads A(BS)132 Not Required A(BS)133 Not Required

Developments Regulations

Documents

kinematic

nicholas flexi

temporarily

single forward

traffic calming

clay segmental

traffic control

managing urban