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1 Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II EBS566: Estuary and Ocean Systems II – Lecture 6, Winter 2010 Instructors: T. Peterson, M. Haygood, A. Baptista Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University
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Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

Jan 03, 2016

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Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II. EBS566: Estuary and Ocean Systems II – Lecture 6, Winter 2010 Instructors: T. Peterson, M. Haygood, A. Baptista Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University. Plume regions. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Page 1: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

1 Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

EBS566: Estuary and Ocean Systems II – Lecture 6, Winter 2010Instructors: T. Peterson, M. Haygood, A. Baptista

Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University

Page 2: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

2 Plume regionsSum

mary

by D

avid

Jay o

f re

searc

h b

y A

. H

orn

er-

Devin

e e

t al.

Page 3: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

3 Salinity intrusion

am169

Salin

ity (

psu

)Tid

e r

an

ge (

m)

Q (

m3/s

)

Page 4: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

4 Biology in context?Oceanic diatoms

Myrionecta rubra

Freshwater diatoms

Riverine phytoplankton: washed down river, lyse in saline water

Myrionecta rubra: develops blooms within the estuary, mobile

Oceanic diatoms: washed into the estuary, generally tolerant of low salinity water

Slide by Charles Seaton

Page 5: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

5 Internal waves

A SAR image taken at 01:56:27 GMT, July 8, 2007 showing the surface roughness as a manifestation of IWs

in the Columbia River estuary

Spatial coverage of the radar from the bridge (right) to the river mouth (left) (background courtesy of Google Earth). The red rectangle shows the approximate location of the internal waves. Middle: Photo of the internal waves taken from the

deck of the R/V Pt. Sur at 1600 PDT on September 8, 2009 (courtesy of Craig McNeil). Bottom: image produced from radar data showing the internal waves at 1740 PDT on the same day. The intensity [dB (100V)2] is related to internal wave

amplitude while the spacing indicates wavelength.

Page 6: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

6 Salinity intrusion length

(a) Data collected by David Jay on LMER and NOAA cruises

(b) Salinity in psu at an upstream station (data in red, model in black, blue and magenta)

Ch

aw

la,

Jay,

Bap

tista

, W

ilkin

an

d S

eato

n,

CS

R 2

00

8

Predicable

(with somechallenges) 6.8

Aug 26,2004

27 28 29 30 31 Sep 1 20.0

Page 7: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

7 Salinity intrusion length

ResponsiveSIL has a clear response to river discharge …

Page 8: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

8 Salinity intrusion length

River discharge, Q (m3/s)

SIL

(K

m)

SIL2psu ≈ 5.949Q-0.288 r2=0.823

Based

on

DB

16

Responsive… relatively easy to characterize (“noise” is useful to characterize other

influences)

Page 9: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

9 Freshwater diatoms?

Slide by Charles Seaton

Page 10: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

10 Oceanic and freshwater diatoms?

Oceanic diatoms

Freshwater diatoms

Slide by Charles Seaton

Page 11: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

11 Myrionecta rubra?

Slide by Charles Seaton

Page 12: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

12 What are internal waves

Internal waves are gravity waves that oscillate within, rather than on the surface of, a water body in association with a stratified fluid in motion

Slide by Jiayi Pan

Page 13: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

13

CRE bottom topography is a key factor for generation of internal waves

U

Internal waves

Lee wave is the generation mechanism

Flood tide current interacts with the bottom topography to generate internal waves

25 m

2 km

How are estuarine internal waves generated in the CR?

Slide by Jiayi Pan

Page 14: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

14 Internal waves in Columbia River estuary (CRE)

Internal waves can cause vertical

velocity shear, which can

intensify vertical mixing process

Through vertical mixing in the North Channel, internal waves may be quite important for the ecology of the Columbia River Estuary (CRE).

In particular, internal waves may substantially modulate ocean influences, which are felt predominantly through the North Channel

Not a representation of the CR

Why are estuarine internal waves important in the CR?

Slide by Jiayi Pan

Page 15: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

15

Internal waves

Why do we see surface signatures of internal waves?

Slide by Jiayi Pan

Page 16: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

16

am12 ADCP U velocity

Internal waves

After removing tidal signals U velocity

Internal waves

Internal waves in Columbia River estuary (CRE)

horizontal Velocity (east-

west)Tides dominate

Tidal Residual horizontal velocity

am12 ADCP U velocity ( Saturn 01 Location)

Can we see internal waves in fixed station records ?

Slide by Jiayi Pan

Page 17: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

17

Number of Internal waves 107

Mean wavelength 92.0 (m)

Median 84.3 (m)

Standard Deviation 29.5 (m)

Wavelength Range 157.5 (m)

Minimum wavelength 39.7 (m)

Maximum wavelength 197.2 (m)

The statistics of CRE internal waves from 10 SAR images showing internal waves

Wavelength distribution

Statistical Results of the wavelength

There are 107 waves in these images

Characteristics of internal waves in the CR

Slide by Jiayi Pan

Page 18: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

18

SAR image Date and Time (UTC)

(showing Internal waves)

TideTime after LW

(hrs)

Tidal amplitude

(m)

River outflow

Beaver (m3/s)

2005-03-03 01:57:00 early ebb 7.3 1.26 3, 964

2005-06-14 01:53:07 early ebb 7.2 1.59 5, 975

2006-07-03 01:52:30 early ebb 7.2 1.57 5, 777

2006-07-20 01:56:40 flood 5.1 1.58 5, 352

2007-05-11 01:52:20 flood 5.4 1.66 8, 976

2007-08-07 14:35:52 flood 5.3 1.34 4, 390

2007-08-08 01:56:27 flood 5.3 1.33 4, 276

2007-09-07 14:31:42 flood 3.0 1.78 3, 313

2008-07-14 19:05:23 early ebb 7.0 1.55 N/A

2008-08-18 19:05:21 flood 3.8 2.19 N/A

Internal waves in Columbia River estuary (CRE) Characteristics of internal waves in the CR

Slide by Jiayi Pan

Page 19: Descriptive Columbia River estuary and plume II

19

t (hours)

S

x=31 x=31.5 x=32 x=32.5

x=33 x=33.5 x=34 x=34.5

x=36.5

x=38.5

x=36x=35.5x=35

x=37 x=37.5 x=38

Early modeling

Credit: Joseph Zhang