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HOW WE NAVIGATE IN SPACE Cognitive map (Tollman, 1948) The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014 John O’Keefe, May-Britt and Edvard I. Moser - "for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain„ So far what we know is mostly based on animal experiments Place cells (O’Keefe & Dostrovsky, 1971) Grid cells (Hafting, Fyhn, Molden, M. B. Moser & E. Moser, 2005) Head direction cells (Taube, Muller, Ranck, 1990)
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1. HOW WE NAVIGATE IN SPACECognitive map (Tollman, 1948)The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014 John OKeefe, May-Britt and Edvard I. Moser - "for their discoveries of cells thatconstitute a positioning system in the brainSo far what we know is mostly based on animal experiments Place cells (OKeefe & Dostrovsky, 1971) Grid cells (Hafting, Fyhn, Molden, M. B. Moser & E. Moser, 2005) Head direction cells (Taube, Muller, Ranck, 1990) 2. WINDOWS INTO THE BRAINSeveral methods to measure neurak activity directly ECoG Deep brain electrodes EEG MEGAnd indirectly fMRI PET, SPECT NIRS 3. NECESSITY OF TOOLSMeasure brain activity during Active motion In a 3 dimensional spaceRecent advancement Portable EEG devices CAVE and HMD systems (Oculus Rift) Motion tracking Online realistic graphical rendering Communication between neuroscientists and computerscientists 4. HOW CAN WE SET UP AN EXPERIMENTT-maze experiment Do they prefer one alley? Are the fruits associated with one alley?Talk Define the experiment Define the terms Define the key features 5. IMPLEMENTATIONVirCA + Experiment Controller Experiments presented in Collaborative virtual environmentFollowing methodology of psychological experiments Experiment description provided in XML language Standard, general descriptor Schema support: validate Experiment descriptor schemanticallyProvide features for analysis and synchronization Logging Triggering via Parallel Port Synchornization with active light-measuring on displays in 3D CAVE Rewarding system 6. METHODOLOGYExperiment Definition part and schedule part Scene description State of virtual environment for experiment Stimuli Including visual objects Complete visual impact Events Including stimuli Conditions and effects of stimuli Scenario Schedule of events Conditions time or user initiative (key press)T-Maze Experiment Descriptor Movements depends on user choice 7. LETS SEE HOW THAT WORKS !