Debating the Disadvantage (DA)

DEBATING THE DISADVANTAGE (DA)

Matt Gomez

PART ONE: WHAT IS A DISADVANTAGE?

Uniqueness What will occur in the status quo Factors for good uniqueness

Post-dating – things change Brink – why is the squo good but not

guaranteed Qualifications – who knows what

Link What does the plan do that changes the

status quo Factors for good links

Specificity – links about the 1AC vs the resolution

Threshold – is the plan enough to change the squo

Diversity – different ways the plan changes the squo

Internal Link (i/l) What that change causes. Not always highlighted because it’s

similar to the link Sometimes they are warrants inside the link

EG: Cooperation DA Inside the link, a warrant says: “Sole US exploration

would depart from space cooperation and collapse international peacekeeping efforts.”

What is the internal link?

Impacts Why is changing the status quo bad Factors for good impacts

Magnitude – how big Timeframe – how quickly Probability – how likely Turns case – how does it interact with the 1AC

PART TWO: THE NEGATIVE AND

RUNNING THE DA

The Negative’s Goal If the aff has advantages, the neg has

disadvantages Definition of a disadvantage:

“Loss or Damage as a result of” – The harm the plan causes

Prove the impacts of the plan aren’t good enough to outweigh the DA of the plan.

1NC: Your Job for the DA Where to read it:

As a net benefit to the CP? Directly after the CP flow

As an independent DA? After everything but case

Make sure it has EVERY part.

The Block Extending a DA or multiple DA’s through

the block? Follow these generic guidelines (see specific speech lectures for more specific rules)

Whoever takes the counterplan should take the net benefit.

Whoever doesn’t have the counterplan should get the other DA and case if the 2N didn’t already.

Try to keep LIKE WORLDS together

How to Extend a DA Step One: “DA outweighs and turns

the case” Step Two: Any additional impacts if

needed (no more than 2) Step Three: Uniqueness debate Step Four: Link Debate Move On.

Negative Uniqueness Debating

Step One: Extend your uniqueness by giving a short summary (Extend our Smith 2010 evidence from the 1NC, Obama has

just released an NSP announcing we’ll cooperate on issues regarding space exploration)

Step Two: Evidence comparison, what makes yours better than theirs? Quals Predictive vs descriptive Speculative vs conclusive

Negative Uniqueness Debating Cont…

Step Three: Indict their evidence if you didn’t already Use the arguments above

Step Four: Uniqueness Wall 1-2 more uniqueness cards

Negative Link Debating Either Link or Impact will be where you

spend the most time Step One: Extend 1NC Link

Can’t just explain it generic – apply it to the aff

Prolif DA Repeat Steps 2-4 from UQ

Negative Impact Debating NOTE: SHOULD BE DONE AT TOP OF

FLOW ON IMPACT CALC Step One: Impact Calculus

“The DA outweighs and turns the case” Step Two: Turns case analysis Step Three: Turns case card Step Four: New impact module

2NR on the DA Should usually be combined with either a

CP or Case Layout is same as 1N except should be

ALL extensions, no new cards. Top of the flow: Explain what the aff DIDN’T

DO “Even if” and “If I win” statements.

2NR Cont… Next, Impacts all on top-

Impact Calc Turns Case (lots of allocation here) Answering any cards or analysis

Line by line extending 2NC cards and analysis using the formula

PART 3: ANSWERING THE DA

USE YOUR AFF Throughout the following section I’ll show

you how to use cards from your 1AC to win you the debate without needing to read new cards

How to answer a DA 6 categories:

1. Case Outweighs – why your advantages outweigh the DA

2. Non-Unique – the squo has changed/something has triggered the link

3. No Link – The plan doesn’t cause the change4. Link Turn – The squo causes the DA and plan

solves it5. No Impact – their impact isn’t real6. Impact Turn – their impact is actually a good

thing

Strategies Strategy #1 for answering the DA

1. Case outweighs the DA2. Non-Unique3. No Link4. Impact Turn

Strategies Cont.. Strategy #2 for answering the DA

1. Case outweighs2. Non-Unique3. Link Turn4. No impact

The Double Turn Do NOT read a link turn AND an impact turn: the

link turn actually links you to the impact turn – you just flip the DA around

EG: Cooperation DA: Original argument – plan decreases coop. Coop key to prevent space war.

Link turn is – plan increases coop. Impact turn is Space wars solve extinction. Therefore plan increase coop, which is bad because that stops space war which causes extinction.

Case Outweighs? Use impact calc

More on this later More importantly, make your impact

story a lot more clear than the negative impact story

Non-Unique Underestimated argument – defensive? The Status Quo is the opposite of what

they say EG: Coop DA – US canceled constellation,

proves no coop

Non-Unique Cont… Makes your link/impact turn OFFENSE

EG: Link Turn – Plan key to RESTORING Coop. w/ NUQ: DA is a new advantage because squo

isn’t cooperating and plan causes cooperation. w/o NUQ: still offense IF they go for the DA, but

not a new advantage because the squo is ALREADY cooperating and the plan just causes MORE cooperation, doesn’t RESTORE it.

Affirmative Link Debating No Link –

2AC Step One: Extend applicable cards from 1AC

EG: Extend our ____ evidence from the 1AC that says plan doesn’t happen alone, china and Euros are on board with us

Step Two: Read New Link Cards and Analysis

1AR Step One: Extend 1AC or 2AC cards and explain

why the 2NC extension doesn’t answer them Step Two: Read 1-2 cards IF NECESSARY

Affirmative Link Debating Cont..

Link Turn – 2AC

Step One: Extend Applicable Cards from 1AC Step Two: Cards & Analysis

1AR Same as No Link 1AR

Affirmative Impact Debating

No Impact – 2AC

Step One: The plan encompasses? Step Two: Cards Step Three: Analysis

Affirmative Impact Debate Cont…

1AR Step One: Extensions of the 2AC Step Two: Repeat steps 1-3 of 2AC for any NEW

impact scenarios New Card (1) if necessary ANSWER THE TURNS THE CASE ARGUMENT AS A

NEW IMPACT SCENARIO

Affirmative Impact Debating Cont…

Impact Turn – 2AC

Step One: Card Step Two: Maybe your 1AC has the opposite

impact

Affirmative Impact Debating Cont…

1AR Step One: Extension Step Two: 1-2 more cards Step Three: Response to negative answers. Step Four: Separate QUICK impact calc for

impact turn

2AR Strategies If they go for DA/Case: Spend 3 ½ on Case: If

you win case, majority of the DA goes away because you should have more impacts.

If they go for DA/CP: Spend More time on DA because CP is irrelevant without a NB

2AR Layout Top – Big explanation of impact calc, why

your impact story is better, and use of 1AC as a big turn to the DA

Next, Uniqueness debate to makes turns offense Extend first, answer theirs next

2AR Layout cont… Next, Go for the impact or link TURN

Extend first, (If Impact, impact calc next), (If link, why your story is more plausible next), answer theirs last.

Finally, IF you have time, do the no link or no impact Why?

2AR should be OFFENSE OFFENSE OFFENSE