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R A N G O O N W A L A D E N I S H D3 R D Year E CC

Cyborg

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How it was invented:-

The term was coined in 1960 when Manfred Clynesand Nathan Kline used it in an article about theadvantages of self-regulating human-machine

systems in outer space which was printed beforeword war-2

In a typical example, a human fitted with a heartpacemaker or an insulin pump (if the person has

diabetes) might be considered a Cyborg, since thesemechanical parts enhance the body's "natural"mechanisms through synthetic feedbackmechanisms.

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What is a cyborg?

Cyborg == 'cybernetic organism

Cybernetics studies organization, communication and controlin complex systems by focusing on circular (feedback)mechanisms

More broadly, the full term "cybernetic organism" is used todescribe larger networks of communication and control. Forexample, cities, networks of roads, networks of software,corporations, markets, governments, and the collection of thesethings together. A corporation can be considered as an artificial

intelligence that makes use of replaceable human components tofunction. People at all ranks can be considered replaceableagents of their functionally intelligent government institutions,whether such a view is desirable or not.

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Cybernetic Science:-

Cybernetics is science that studies human andmachine systems including: Electronics & WirelessCommunication Engineering, Biotechnology,

Nanotechnology, Computer Science, Nuclear &Plasma Technology, Organic & Touch ScreenTechnology, Mechanical engineering andPsychology.

After all programming is very use full to make newCyborg as per our requirement. (e.g. If we have oneCyborg as cooker and we want to use it as securityguard then simply change programmed.)

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What is the aim behind that?

Cybernetics aims to understand the similaritiesand differences in internal workings of organic andmachine processes (action - feedback - response)and, by formulating abstract concepts common to

all systems, to understand their behavior. Computers are often imbued with human or

biological qualities. (e.g. computers think, it havememory, etc)

We talk about humans being programmed to actor behave in a certain way (programmed by ourparents, culture, education etc)

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Cybernetic Equation:Human = Machine

(They are not equal but we assume as equal)

Human Machine

Living======================Non-living

Organic=====================Inorganic

Natural=====================Artificial

Body=======================Machine

Human=====================Non-human Food======================Power SupplyThey are handle under our command or programmed because we are

fitted Microcontroller & Microprocessor chips in its mind and this

type of chip work as artificial brain of Cyborg.C.K.P CET,SURAT

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What do the theorists says?

According to Wiener we must consider the socialdimensions of cybernetic systems and make surethat these systems are designed with human use in

mind and for the benefit of humans. Futurologist Alvin Toffler says that the line between

human and computer at some point will becomecompletely blurred.

According to Donna cyborgs are totally depend ourwork in which application we are use it. They areincrease capability of human being.

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Evaluation in Cyborgs Technology

Steve Mann is working in variablecomputing technology and He developedwear cam & wear comp technology.

Kevin Warwick (Professor of Cybernetics

at the university of Reading, UK) hasimplanted computer chip into his armallowing him to communicate with acomputer.

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Male & Female intercourse is replace by Machine interference. It is not

more difficult to make artificial intelligent human body part or pieces.Figuratively, we are "living through a movement from an organic, industrial

society as an ...information system & communication technology".

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Advantage of Cyborg.

Cyborg technologies used to replace lost or impaired biologicalfunctions

Pacemakers

Artificial hips and other joints

Prosthetic limbs

Cochlear implants

Artificial skin and other organs

As army to attack the enemy

For security purpose

Pharmacological cyborgs - drugs used to optimise or enhance normalbiological functions or operation purpose

Our Cyborg technologies are giving us the capacity to intervene in ourown evolution both through technological augmentation and geneticengineering etc.......

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Disadvantage of Cyborg..

It is extremely veryharm full, if we miss use it. so ,please dont miss use it ,if you have. But, still we areEngineers we can handle it.

Movies Example:-

Terminator Series, Robocop, Replicants, Star Trek,Star wars, Cyclones etc.

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References

Gray, C. H. (2001) Cyborg Citizen: Politics in thePosthuman Age, New York: Routledge.

Tofts, D. et al (eds.) (2009) Prefiguring

Cyberculture: an intellectual history, Sydney:Power Publications; Cambridge, Mass.: MIT.

Murphie, A. and Potts, J. (2010) Culture andTechnology, Basingstoke: Palgrave.

For more detail:-http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/CYBERN.html

http://www.kevinwarwick.com

http://www.stelarc.va.com.au

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Thank You

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