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Cyber Crime – “Is Cyber Crime – “Is the Internet the the Internet the new “ new “ W W ild ild W W ild ild W W est?” est?” Prepared for the Southern Massachusetts Prepared for the Southern Massachusetts E-Commerce Network E-Commerce Network www.nannayauniversity.imfo www.nannayauniversity.imfo
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Page 1: Cybercrime

Cyber Crime – “Is the Cyber Crime – “Is the Internet the new “Internet the new “WWild ild

WWild ild WWest?”est?”Prepared for the Southern Massachusetts Prepared for the Southern Massachusetts

E-Commerce NetworkE-Commerce Network

www.nannayauniversity.imfowww.nannayauniversity.imfo

Page 2: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

In the News…….In the News…….1 out of 5 children received a 1 out of 5 children received a sexual solicitation or approach sexual solicitation or approach over the Internet in a one-year over the Internet in a one-year period of time period of time (www.missingchildren.com)(www.missingchildren.com)

California warns of massive ID California warns of massive ID theft – personal data stolen from theft – personal data stolen from computers at University of computers at University of California, Berkeley (Oct 21, 2004 California, Berkeley (Oct 21, 2004 IDG news service)IDG news service)

Microsoft and Cisco announced a Microsoft and Cisco announced a new initiative to work together to new initiative to work together to increase internet security increase internet security (Oct 18, 2004 (Oct 18, 2004 www.cnetnews.com)www.cnetnews.com)

Page 3: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

The New Wild Wild WestThe New Wild Wild West

More cyber criminals than More cyber criminals than cyber copscyber copsCriminals feel “safe” Criminals feel “safe” committing crimes from committing crimes from the privacy of their own the privacy of their own homeshomesBrand new challenges Brand new challenges facing law enforcementfacing law enforcement

Most not trained in the Most not trained in the technologiestechnologies

Internet crimes span Internet crimes span multiple jurisdictionsmultiple jurisdictions

Need to retrofit new crimes Need to retrofit new crimes to existing lawsto existing laws

Page 4: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

Computer Crime Computer Crime

Computer used to commit Computer used to commit a crimea crime

Child porn, threatening Child porn, threatening email, assuming someone’s email, assuming someone’s identity, sexual harassment, identity, sexual harassment, defamation, spam, phishingdefamation, spam, phishing

Computer as a target of a Computer as a target of a crime crime

Viruses, worms, industrial Viruses, worms, industrial espionage, software piracy, espionage, software piracy, hackinghacking

Page 5: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

Computer ForensicsComputer Forensics

What is it?What is it? an autopsy of a computer or network to an autopsy of a computer or network to

uncover digital evidence of a crimeuncover digital evidence of a crime Evidence must be preserved and hold up Evidence must be preserved and hold up

in a court of lawin a court of law

Growing field – Many becoming Growing field – Many becoming computer forensic savvycomputer forensic savvy

FBI, State and Local Police, IRS, FBI, State and Local Police, IRS, Homeland SecurityHomeland Security

Defense attorneys, judges and Defense attorneys, judges and prosecutorsprosecutors

Independent security agenciesIndependent security agencies White hat or Ethical HackersWhite hat or Ethical Hackers Programs offered at major universities Programs offered at major universities

such as URIsuch as URIhttp://homepage.cs.uri.edu/faculty/wolfe/cfhttp://homepage.cs.uri.edu/faculty/wolfe/cf

Page 6: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

Uncovering Digital EvidenceUncovering Digital Evidence

Smart Criminals don’t use their Smart Criminals don’t use their own computersown computers

Floppy disksFloppy disksZip/Jazz disksZip/Jazz disksTapesTapesDigital camerasDigital camerasMemory sticksMemory sticksPrintersPrintersCDsCDsPDAsPDAsGame boxesGame boxesNetworksNetworksHard drivesHard drives

Page 7: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

Digital EvidenceDigital Evidence

Criminals Hide EvidenceCriminals Hide Evidence

Delete their files and emailsDelete their files and emails

Hide their files by encryption, Hide their files by encryption, password protection, or password protection, or embedding them in unrelated embedding them in unrelated files (dll, os etc)files (dll, os etc)

Use Wi-Fi networks and cyber Use Wi-Fi networks and cyber cafes to cover their trackscafes to cover their tracks

Forensics Uncover EvidenceForensics Uncover Evidence

Restore deleted files and emails – Restore deleted files and emails – they are still really there!they are still really there!

Find the hidden files through Find the hidden files through complex password, encryption complex password, encryption programs, and searching programs, and searching techniquestechniques

Track them down through the Track them down through the digital trail - IP addresses to ISPs digital trail - IP addresses to ISPs to the offenderto the offender

Not obvious…….it’s most likely hidden on purpose or needs to be unearthed by forensics experts

Page 8: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

The Crime SceneThe Crime Scene(with Computer Forensics)(with Computer Forensics)

Similar to traditional crime scenesSimilar to traditional crime scenes

Must acquire the evidence while Must acquire the evidence while preserving the integrity of the preserving the integrity of the evidenceevidence

No damage during collection, No damage during collection, transportation, or storagetransportation, or storageDocument everythingDocument everythingCollect everything the first timeCollect everything the first time

Establish a chain of custodyEstablish a chain of custody

But also different…….But also different…….

Can perform analysis of evidence on Can perform analysis of evidence on exact copy!exact copy!

Make many copies and investigate Make many copies and investigate them without touching originalthem without touching original

Can use time stamping/hash code Can use time stamping/hash code techniques to prove evidence hasn’t techniques to prove evidence hasn’t been compromisedbeen compromised

Page 9: Cybercrime

Top Cyber Crimes that Top Cyber Crimes that Attack BusinessAttack Business

SpamSpamViruses/WormsViruses/Worms

Industrial Espionage and HackersIndustrial Espionage and HackersWi-Fi High Jacking Wi-Fi High Jacking

Page 10: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

SpamSpam

““Spam accounts for 9 out of every 10 Spam accounts for 9 out of every 10 emails in the United States.” emails in the United States.”

MessageLabs, Inc., an email management MessageLabs, Inc., an email management and security company based in New and security company based in New York.York.

““We do not object to the use of this slang We do not object to the use of this slang term to describe UCE (unsolicited term to describe UCE (unsolicited commercial email), although we do commercial email), although we do object to the use of the word “spam” as object to the use of the word “spam” as a trademark and the use of our product a trademark and the use of our product image in association with that term” image in association with that term”

www.hormel.comwww.hormel.com

Page 11: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

Can-Spam Act of 2003Can-Spam Act of 2003

Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing Act (Can-Spam)Act (Can-Spam)Signed into law by President Bush on Dec 16, 2003Signed into law by President Bush on Dec 16, 2003

Took effect Jan 1, 2004Took effect Jan 1, 2004

Unsolicited commercial email must:Unsolicited commercial email must: Be labeledBe labeled Include Opt-Out instructionsInclude Opt-Out instructions No false headersNo false headers

FTC is authorized (but not required) to establish a “do-not-email” FTC is authorized (but not required) to establish a “do-not-email” registryregistry

www.spamlaws.com –lists all the latest in federal, state, and www.spamlaws.com –lists all the latest in federal, state, and international lawsinternational laws

Page 12: Cybercrime

Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004

Spam is HostileSpam is Hostile

You pay for Spam, not SpammersYou pay for Spam, not Spammers Email costs are paid by email Email costs are paid by email

recipientsrecipients

Spam can be dangerousSpam can be dangerous Never click on the opt-out link!Never click on the opt-out link!

May take you to hostile web site May take you to hostile web site where mouse-over downloads where mouse-over downloads an .exean .exe

Tells spammers they found a Tells spammers they found a working addressworking address

They won’t take you off the list They won’t take you off the list anywayanyway

What should you do?What should you do? Filter it out whenever possibleFilter it out whenever possible Keep filters up to dateKeep filters up to date If you get it, just delete the emailIf you get it, just delete the email

Page 13: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

Viruses and WormsViruses and Worms

Different types of “ailments”Different types of “ailments”VirusesViruses

software that piggybacks on software that piggybacks on other software and runs when other software and runs when you run something elseyou run something else

Macro in excel, wordMacro in excel, wordTransmitted through sharing Transmitted through sharing programs on bulletin boardsprograms on bulletin boardsPassing around floppy disksPassing around floppy disks

An .exe, .com file in your emailAn .exe, .com file in your email

WormsWorms software that uses computer software that uses computer

networks to find security holes networks to find security holes to get in to your computer – to get in to your computer – usually in Microsoft OS!! But usually in Microsoft OS!! But worm for MAC was recently worm for MAC was recently writtenwritten

Page 14: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

Hackers are EverywhereHackers are Everywhere

Stealing dataStealing data Industrial EspionageIndustrial Espionage Identity theftIdentity theft DefamationDefamation

Deleting data for funDeleting data for fun A lot of bored 16 year olds late at A lot of bored 16 year olds late at

nightnightTurning computers into zombiesTurning computers into zombies

To commit crimesTo commit crimes Take down networksTake down networks Distribute pornDistribute porn Harass someoneHarass someone

Ethical/white hat hackers exist tooEthical/white hat hackers exist too Help break into networks to Help break into networks to

prevent crimesprevent crimes

Mafia Boy

Page 15: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi)Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi)

Using antennas to create “hot spots”Using antennas to create “hot spots”

Hotspots – Internet Access (sometimes free)Hotspots – Internet Access (sometimes free) Newport Harbor - All the boats in Harbor have internet accessNewport Harbor - All the boats in Harbor have internet access San Francisco Giants Stadium – Surf the web while catching a gameSan Francisco Giants Stadium – Surf the web while catching a game UMass (need to register, but it’s free)UMass (need to register, but it’s free) Cambridge, MACambridge, MA Philadelphia, PA – just announced – entire city by 2006Philadelphia, PA – just announced – entire city by 2006

Page 16: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

Wi-Fi High JackingWi-Fi High Jacking

60-70% wireless networks are wide open60-70% wireless networks are wide open

Why are the Wi-Fi networks unprotected?Why are the Wi-Fi networks unprotected? Most people say “Our data is boring”Most people say “Our data is boring” But… criminals look for wireless networks to commit But… criminals look for wireless networks to commit

their crimes their crimes And… the authorities will come knocking on your And… the authorities will come knocking on your

door…..door…..

Page 17: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

Protect your Computers!Protect your Computers!Use anti-virus software and Use anti-virus software and firewalls - keep them up to datefirewalls - keep them up to date

Keep your operating system up Keep your operating system up to date with critical security to date with critical security updates and patchesupdates and patches

Don't open emails or Don't open emails or attachments from unknown attachments from unknown sourcessources

Use hard-to-guess passwords. Use hard-to-guess passwords. Don’t use words found in a Don’t use words found in a dictionary. Remember that dictionary. Remember that password cracking tools existpassword cracking tools exist

Back-up your computer data on Back-up your computer data on disks or CDs oftendisks or CDs often

Don't share access to your Don't share access to your computers with strangers computers with strangers

IfIf you have a wi-fi network, you have a wi-fi network, password protect itpassword protect it

Disconnect from the Internet Disconnect from the Internet when not in usewhen not in use

Reevaluate your security on a Reevaluate your security on a regular basisregular basis

Make sure your employees Make sure your employees and family members know and family members know this info too!this info too!

Page 18: Cybercrime

Thank you!Thank you!

Page 19: Cybercrime

E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello E-Commerce Network - Suzanne Mello - Nov 5 2004 - Nov 5 2004

Web sites of InterestWeb sites of Interest

http://homepage.cs.uri.edu/faculty/wolfe/cfhttp://homepage.cs.uri.edu/faculty/wolfe/cf

www.missingchildren.comwww.missingchildren.com

www.spamlaws.com www.spamlaws.com

www.netsmartz.orgwww.netsmartz.org

http://www.ifccfbi.gov - operation web snare – latest http://www.ifccfbi.gov - operation web snare – latest cyber crimes to be aware ofcyber crimes to be aware of

http://www.dcfl.gov/dc3/home.htmhttp://www.dcfl.gov/dc3/home.htm

http://www.cops.org/http://www.cops.org/